Counterjihad Timeline

A chronology of the Counterjihad movement.

2004

Gates of Vienna blog header, Screengrab Gates of Vienna

October

• 9 - Inaugural post on the Gates of Vienna blog by Baron Bodissey.

2005

June

• Stop Islamiseringen af Danmark founded according to Anders Gravers.

2006

January

• David Yerushalmi founds the Society of Americans for National Existence.

May

• 7 - Ted Ekeroth receives one of the 2006 Herzl Awards from the World Zionist Organisation.

September

910 Group logo, Screengrab from Gates of Vienna

• Center for Vigilant Freedom and the 910 Group founded.
• 4 - Gates of Vienna post said to have inspired the formation of the 910 Group
• 13 - Lee Kaplan article in FrontPageMag on the pro-Palestinian International Solidarity Movement based on the activities of infiltrator Paul Renato, later revealed to be identical with Paul Ray.
• 26 - 910 Group founded on this date according to Ned May.
• 28 - Pajamas Media event at the National Press Club in Washington. Edward S. May is among those attending.

October

• 5 - Formation of the 910 Group on Yahoo reported by Baron Bodissey at Gates of Vienna

November

• 24 - US Conservatives Jack Wheeler and Steve Baldwin call for "The Creation of an Anti-Islamofascism Movement".
• 27 - Members of the 910 Group meet in Northern Virginia with conservatives Jack Wheeler and Steve Baldwin of the Council for National Policy to discuss plans for an "infrastructure to combat Islamofascism" modelled on cold war anti-communism.

December

• 11 - The US neoconservative group Middle East Forum appointed Paul Belien as director of Islamist Watch.
• 12 - The website of the Center for Vigilant Freedom (which now redirects to the rebranded International Civil Liberties Alliance) was registered on this date by Christine Brim.

2007

January

• 9 - Pamela Geller interviewed Paul Ray on BlogTalk Radio.

February

• 20 - Christian Action Network held a protest at the Charlotte County courthouse in Virginia against a road named after Sheikh Gilani of Muslims of America. Baron Bodissey and Christine Brim of the 910 Group attended.

March

Daniel Pipes receiving the Danish Free Press Society's award, 2007. Source: Algemeiner

• According to the Center for Vigilant Freedom, CVF chapters "began to meet locally and organize public education campaigns in several nations and U.S. states" by this month.
• 1 - The Center for Vigilant Freedom was set up as a non-stock incorporated company, Center for Vigilant Freedom Incorporated, on this date under Corporation ID number 0670082-7. The registration agent for the company was Christine Brim.

• 2 - Southside Messenger editorial responds to Christine Brim and the 910 Group over Christian Action Network campaign against Sheikh Gilani Lane in Virginia.

• 10 - Daniel Pipes received the Danish Free Press Society's 2007 Free Press Award.

• 31 - Christine Brim of the Center for Vigilant Freedom speaks at the United American Committee's second "Rally Against Islamofascism Day" at Ground Zero in New York.

April

Counterjihad Scandinavia 2007, Source: screengrab from Gates of Vienna

• 14 - UK and Scandinavia Counterjihad summit at the Workers' Museum in Copenhagen.

June

• 16 - Pro Köln demonstration against a mosque in Cologne supported by Austrian Freedom Party and Vlaams Belang.

July

• 8 - Aeneas Lavinium leaves a comment on Paul Ray's blog inviting him to join the Center for Vigilant Freedom/910 Group network.

September

• 11 - SIOE demonstration in Brussels.

October

Counterjihad Brussels 2007. screengrab from Gates of Vienna

• 18 - First Day of the Counterjihad Brussels Conference
• 19 - Second Day of the Counterjihad Brussels Conference

November

• 22 - Christine Brim of the Center for Vigilant Freedom writes of European far right parties: "If such parties specifically state pro-Israel positions, and take real actions opposing anti-semitism and disavowing previous positions - and reach out to Jewish constituents and encourage Jewish participation in party positions - these are real actions to observe, and to approve."
• 30 - Christopher Knowles and Dominique Devaux speak on behalf of the Center for Vigilant Freedom at a conference in Bologna.

2008

January

Filip Dewinter of the far right Vlaams Belang Flemish political party. Source. CCSA

• 9 - Phyllis Chesler interviews Paul Ray for Pajamas Media.
• 17 - Cities against Islamisation launched by Filip Dewinter of the Vlaams Belang party at a conference in Antwerp.

March

• 13-14 Identity Crisis: Can European civilization survive? conference hosted in Rome by the European Freedom Alliance, the European University of Rome and the Lepanto Foundation. Moderators include Bruce Bawer; panelists include Bat Ye'or, Baroness Caroline Cox, Douglas Murray and Robert Spencer.

May

• 10 - Counterjihad Vienna Conference
  

  right Counterjihad Conference Vienna, 2008, screengrab from Gates of Vienna

June

• 15-16 - "How Free is the University" conference in California organised by American Freedom Alliance.

October

• 11 - Vigilant Freedom Britannia Meeting – ‘Making Britain Safe for Apostasy’ was due to take place in Central London with Aeneas Lavinium of the Center for Vigilant Freedom as the contact.

November

• 14 - Andrew Bostom interviewed by Alan Johnson for Democratiya.

December

• 14 - Arieh Eldad and Ariel Center for Policy Research host Geert Wilders at Facing Jihad conference in Jerusalem.

2009

January

• 1 - International Free Press Society founded.
  

  International Free Press Society logo, screengrab from IFPS.com

February

• Christian Action Network produced a documentary, Homegrown Jihad: the terrorist camps around the US, which purported to uncover a network of 30-plus terrorist training compounds. CBS News called it 'sensationalist'.
• 27 - the International Free Press Society sponsored an event for Geert Wilders at the National Press Club in Washington DC.
• 28- Wilders also holds an event at a Boston-area synagogue, sponsored by the Republican Jewish Coalition, an influential group whose board members include casino mogul Sheldon Adelson, former White House press secretary Ari Fleischer, and neoconservative writer David Frum, who attended Wilders’s above event in Washington.

March

• 10 - Muslim extremists demonstrate at the homecoming of the Royal Anglian Regiment in Luton.

April

• 13 - An illegal protest against Muslim 'hate preachers' takes place in Luton.
• 26 - The Florida Security Council Free Speech Summit takes place in South Florida. The event includes a question and answer session with Geert Wilders and a screening of his film Fitna.

May

Counterjihad Copenhagen 2009, Source: Liberties Alliance

• 16 - Opening day of Counterjihad Copenhagen 2009 conference.
• 17 - Second day of Counterjihad Copenhagen 2009 conference.
• 29-30 - Geert Wilders due to speak by video at the New English Review symposium on Understanding the Jihad in Israel, Europe and America, at the Loews Vanderbilt Plaza Hotel in Nashville. The event was cancelled by Loews managing director Thomas Negri 'for the health, safety and well-being of our guests and employees'.

July

• According to the Sunday Times, Ann Marchini organises a key meeting between English Defence League members and counterjihad activists around this time.
• 9-10 - Counterjihad groups International Civil Liberties Alliance and Mission Europa represented at OSCE Supplementary Human Dimension Meeting on Freedom of Religion or Belief in Vienna.

August

• Circa 17 - Martin Mawyer and Jason Campbell of the Christian Action Network interview three members of the English Defence League for a documentary..
• 19 - Robert Spencer arrives in Britain to take part in Mawyer's documentary.
• Circa 19 - Mawyer invited the EDL to a meeting a few days later at the George Pub in Crossharbour East London, where those present included Campbell, Spencer, Douglas Murray of the Centre for Social Cohesion, Adrian Morgan of Family Security Matters and Paul Weston. Spencer and Murray later said they had refused to have anything to do with the EDL, a claim which was backed by several of the others present.

September

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• 6 - Alan Lake spoke about counterjihad strategy at a seminar organised by Kent Ekeroth of the Sweden Democrats in Malmö.
• 12 - Guardian reports that Alan Lake is advising the English Defence League.
• 24 - Metropolitan Police Chief Constable Sir Paul Stephenson said the EDL and Stop the Islamisation of Europe were not extreme right-wing groups and could not be barred from protesting:

“the concern to me is how groups like that either willingly or unwillingly allow themselves to be exploited by very extreme rightwing groups like the National Front and the British Freedom Fighters”.

• 25 - Launch of Stop Islamization of America

October

• 3 - Bürgerbewegung Pax Europa hosted a rally in Berlin at which speakers included Robert Spencer, Renè Stadtkewitz, Michael Höhne-Pattberg, Willi Schwend and Achim Swietlik.
• 23 - Paul Ray posted pictures of himself with German neo-Nazi Nick Greger holding up t-shirts emblazoned with a UDA logo and a picture of loyalist Johnny Adair, a friend of Greger's.

November

• 14 - Scottish Defence League holds first demonstration in Glasgow.

December

• 13 - Stop Islamisation of Europe demonstration in Harrow, London. English Defence League youth organiser Joel Titus later cautioned for assaulting a photographer.

2010

Counterjihad Zurich 2010, screengrab from Gates of Vienna

February

• 19 - Freedom Defense Initiative sponsors "Jihad: The Political Third Rail" panel at the Conservative Political Action Conference.

April

• 17 - Rally for Geert Wilders in Berlin. Aeneas Lavinium speaks as part of a British delegation.

May

• 4 - American Freedom Defense Initiative incorporated.

June

• 6 - No Mosque at Ground Zero rally in New York sponsored by Stop the Islamization of America
• 12 - Counterjihad Zurich 2010 conference.
• 29 - English Defence League posts first press release from the "EDL Jewish Division."

2011

<youtube size="tiny" caption="‪Elisabeth Sabaditsch-Wolff meets the EDL‬, Feb 2011" align="right">0xM_IeApWfM</youtube>

February

• 5 - Austrian counterjihad activist Elisabeth Sabaditsch-Wolff addressed an English Defence League (EDL) demonstration in Luton, UK, and expressed support for EDL.

July

• 25 - English Defence League leader Stephen Yaxley-Lennon convicted of 'using threatening, abusive or insulting behaviour'.

August

• 5 - Counterjihad blogger Peder Jensen announces he is abandoning his "Fjordman" pseudonym after being cited by extremist Anders Breivik, who killed dozens of people in Norway.
  

  Counterjihad London Conference 2011, screengrab Gates of Vienna

September

• 24-25 - Counterjihad London 2011 conference.

2012

Dispatch International front page, screengrab from Loonwatch

July

• 9 - Brussels Counterjihad Conference 2012 at the European Parliament - includes the launch of the so-called Brussels Process and issuing of the related Brussels Declaration. It was billed as an 'International conference for free speech & human rights' and sponsored by the International Civil Liberties Alliance.

• Dispatch International was launched at or shortly after the conference.

August

• 4 - Worldwide Counterjihad Alliance due to launch in Stockholm.

2013

June

March for Fuselier Lee Rigby, Source:Wikimedia

• 29 June - EDL leaders Tommy Robinson and Kevin Carroll were arrested in East London after they defied a police order confining an EDL Armed Forces Day demonstration to an area between Hyde Park Corner and Westminster in central London. The two men planned to pass East London Mosque on their walk from Hyde Park to Woolwich to lay flowers at the place where soldier Lee Rigby was killed.

September

• Counterjihad Warsaw 2013 - scheduled to coincide with another conference, the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Human Dimension Implementation Meeting.[1]

October

• Tommy Robinson quit the EDL, announcing this at a press conference organised by the 'counter-extremist' think tank Quilliam Foundation who say that they 'facilitated' his departure. Robinson claimed in an interview with the Guardian that he was 'sorry' for creating fear among Muslims in the UK and an 'us and them' culture of violence.

2014

PEGIDA Dresden rally, 2014, Wikimedia

April

• 24 - Sharia Watch UK launched in the House of Lords, hosted by Baroness Cox. Founder Anne Marie Waters later announces she is running as a UKIP candidate.

September

• EDL protest in Rotherham, England over revelations of child sex exploitation in the town, with around 1000 attending. Protestors attack police.

October

• 20 - the first Patriotic Europeans Against Islamisation of the West ('PEGIDA') protest in Dresden, Germany, draws only a handful of people.

November

• 27 - Former EDL leader Tommy Robinson speaks at the Oxford Union.

December

• 22 - around 17,000 people attend PEGIDA's 10th demonstration in Dresden, alarming the mainstream.

2015

<youtube size="tiny" align="right" caption="Former BNP /EDL member Tommy Robinson at launch of PEGIDA Netherlands, October 2015">52icPvPWXKo</youtube>

January

• 9 - Fifty English Defence League supporters jailed for more than a combined 75 years, for violence at a protest in Birmingham, England in July 2013
• 12 - PEGIDA protest in Dresden attracts record 25,000 following Charlie Hebdo attacks in Paris.

February

• 8 - Around 600 EDL protestors in Dudley, England marched against a planned construction of a mosque in the West Midlands. Thirty arrested, 25 later released.

• 10 - Defeat Jihad Summit 2015 conference in Washington, hosted by Frank Gaffney of the Center for Security Policy to coincide with President Obama’s summit on violent extremism. US participants and speakers include 'a who’s who of far-right activists' and prominent Republican politicians such as Sen. Ted Cruz and Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal. Other guests included Geert Wilders, Lars Hedegaard, head of the International Free Press Society, Newt Gingrich, Michael Mukasey and former leader UK Independence Party (UKIP) Malcolm Pearson, Lord of Rannoch.

• 28 - Pegida UK holds its first rally in Newcastle, but its 375-400 supporters are vastly outnumbered by 3000 counter-protestors organised by the Newcastle Unites group. Banners at the protest featured far-right insignia including that of the National Front party.

March

• 4 - An attempted rally by Pegida Scotland flops, with a handful of protestors again outflanked by over 200 anti-fascists

• 23 - prospective UK Conservative Party parliamentary candidate Afzal Amin steps down after former EDL leader Tommy Robinson reveals that Amin had been in talks with him to arrange a phony EDL protest march against a proposed mosque in Dudley.

May

• 3 - Two gunmen attack American Freedom Defense Initiative 'Draw Muhammad cartoons' event in Garland, Texas. Anti-Muslim Dutch politician Geert Wilders had already left the building, although activists Pamela Geller and Robert Spencer were still inside. Both attackers were killed by security guards.
  

  Sharia Watch UK and Liberty GB poster advertising a planned exhibition of cartoons of Mohammed in London

July

• 1 - Sharia Watch UK founder and former UKIP candidate Anne Marie Waters announces that she will host an exhibition of cartoons of the prophet Mohammed in London in September, with Dutch politician Geert Wilders as an invited guest.

• 1 - Baroness Caroline Cox, who originally hosted its launch in 2014 makes a statement on her 'position' regarding Sharia Watch: 'I now have no continuing connection or involvement with Sharia Watch'.

August

• Anne Marie Waters cancels the Mohammed cartoon drawing exhibition, citing security concerns including that 'people could be killed'.

September

• 8-9 ACT! for America National Conference and Legislative Briefing in Washington. Keynote speakers include Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Brigitte Gabriel, Bill Whittle, Ryan Mauro, Deborah Weiss, Ann Corcoran, Captain Charles T. “Chuck” Nash USN (RET), Lieutenant General Thomas McInerney USAF (RET)

October

• 20 - Two years after he quit the English Defence League and 'apologised' for his anti-Muslim violence and rhetoric, Tommy Robinson speaks at rallies of PEGIDA protestors in the Netherlands and Germany to mark the first anniversary of PEGIDA, telling anti-Islam protesters that refugees are 'invading Europe'.

December

• Tommy Robinson announces he will take over as leader of Pegida UK, to be re-launched in the New Year.
• London sees a tripling of anti-Muslim attacks following Paris terror attacks
• US Republican candidate Donald Trump calls for a temporary ban on all immigration of Muslims into the USA following the San Bernardino shootings on 2 December. He cites a discredited public opinion poll by Frank Gaffney's Center for Security Policy as evidence for his policy call.
• New York Times reports that "kill Muslims" is the top Google search in California using the word "Muslims" after the San Bernadino shootings
• 29: German Green Party MP Volker Beck starts legal proceedings against Pegida and several of its supporters for 18 threats to his life, accusing Pegida of encouraging a ‘spiral of hate’.

2016

January

• 4: Launch of Pegida UK. Paul Weston (British Freedom Party and Liberty GB) is appointed as its new leader and Anne Marie Waters (UKIP and Sharia Watch) its chairperson. Ex-EDL leader Stephen Yaxley-Lennon aka Tommy Robinson is also closely involved.

• 6: Britain First leader Paul Golding found guilty of harassing a Muslim woman in Essex. He is fined £325 for harassment and £100 for wearing a political uniform, and is given a two-year restraining order.

• 9: Right-wing groups, headed by Pegida, gathered after reports emerged of a wave of sexual assaults on women on New Year's Eve in Cologne. Clashes with police and arrests ensued.

• 18: Geert Wilders posts a Youtube video demanding all male refugees from Islamic countries be locked up in in detention centers in order to protect Dutch women from Cologne-style assaults . A 1000-strong anti-refugee protest is broken up by police in Central Heesch, Netherlands, where a centre for 500 refugees was opened.

Geert Wilders in his Youtube video on 18 January 2016. Screengrab

• 27: West Yorkshire Police write letter to Britain First members barring them from carrying their 'No More Mosques' banners at an upcoming Dewsbury protest, classifying it as a religiously aggravated public order offence and warning anyone doing so would be arrested. Britain First said it would ignore the restriction. The group claims it has widespread support, pointing to the 1.2 million likes on its Facebook page.

• 28: The British Home Office responded to a 12,000-signature petition calling for Britain First to be banned with a statement condemning those who 'seek to spread hate by demonising British Muslims', but would not confirm if the group was under review.

• 30: Leader of AfD Frauke Petry sparks international outrage by stating in an interview that German border police should shoot at refugees entering the country illegally 'as a last resort'.

February

• 7: Pegida UK held a 'silent march' in Birmingham.

March

• 1: Britain First’s ‘Christian intervention’, led by deputy leader Jayda Franken attracted just 10 supporters as it staged a picket outside the Whitechapel mosque in East London.

Tweet from the East London Mosque as the ten-strong Britain First protest is taking place against them

• 12: A group of far-right activists reportedly admitted impersonating police officers in a series of robberies and attacks against refugees in Calais. Police arrest far-right activists from Generation Identitaire trying to block bridges with burning tyres to stop refugees entering Calais.

• 22: Three coordinated suicide bombings occurred in Belgium: two at Brussels Airport in Zaventem, and one at Maalbeek metro station in central Brussels. Thirty-two civilians and three perpetrators were killed, and more than 300 people were injured.

April

• 9: Hundreds of members of Czech extreme-right groups, joined by German activists from Pegida, form a symbolic blockade of the Czech-German and Czech-Austrian crossings . At a rally in Prague, Adam Bartos, chair of New Democracy, says that threatening politicians responsible for the migration crisis with a 'bullet' would be too merciful as traitors should be jailed and forced to work.

• 19: Pegida founder Lutz Bachmann was charged with inciting hatred through Facebook posts allegedly branding refugees ‘cattle’ and 'scum'. The court said Bachmann’s comments, which date back to September 2014, constituted an 'attack on the dignity' of refugees.

May

• 7: An anti-Islam rally organised by Jenna Louca from the Casual Infidels draws just 24 protesters in Burton, Staffordshire.
• 21: Britain First's Paul Golding arrested for breach of his bail after setting up a leafleting stand in Leicester city centre with 20 BF activists. Their protest was outnumbered five-fold by an anti-fascist counter-protest.

Screengrab of Britain First's Paul Golding at a stall in Leicester on 21 May 2016. Filmed and posted by Britain First.

• 24: Austrian police reveal the gunman who fired more than 40 shots into a concert in Vorarlberg, killing three people and injuring 11 more before killing himself, was a member of the neo-Nazi Blood & Honour group.
• 28: Fewer than 30 South East Alliance of National Front supporters marched in Dover on Saturday, while Sunday turned into a no-show.
• A far-right rally organized by the French anti-immigration Generation Identitaire movement was held in Paris with hundreds of young people protesting against 'islamisation.'

June

• 5: Numerous far-right activists from the National Front, BNP and EDL, are active in Brexit campaigning across the UK, including Andrew Edge, a prominent member of the far right English Defence League, who was jailed after an EDL protest for 21 months in 2014.

• 7: Germany’s far-right AfD splits over anti-semitic remarks expressed by Wolfgang Gedeon, a regional law-maker. 13 members of the party — including the regional president Jörg Meuthen— quit and formed a new alliance called Alternative for Baden-Württemberg.

• 16: Labour MP Jo Cox died after being shot and stabbed multiple times following a constituency meeting. Tommy Mair has been identified as the murderer. He was a supporter of the Springbok Club, an organisation that has in the past defended the white supremacist regime in apartheid-era South. According to the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), a group that monitors hate crimes and racist activities in the US, Mair was also a supporter of the National Alliance (NA), a once-prominent neo-Nazi organisation in the United States.

• 17: Christine Tasin spoke at a rally organized by a monarchist party, the Souveraineté Liberté Et Identité (SIEL), in honour of the two policemen who had been murdered in Magnanville.

In her speech, she asked that her followers take up their 'swiss knifes and teargas' to defend themselves against 'Muslim proselytes'. She ended by saying 'I invite you to go home chanting "Murderous Islam"! '.

• 20: Tommy Robinson, ex-EDL leader and leader of PEGIDA UK since 2016, under the name Stephen Yaxley-Lennon, escaped a football banning order during Euro 2016, celebrates with 'F**k Isis' England flag in France. Police arrived at his home when he was already in France.

• 21: Vote Leave campaigners refuse to answer questions about a £600,000 donation to the Leave campaign from Gladys Bramall, the third-largest individual donor to the campaign and a former member of the BNP.

• 22: Far-right activist Joshua Bonehill-Paine, is charged with a racially or religiously aggravated offences of harassment (non-violent) towards ][Luciana Berger]] MP between October 2014 and January 2015

July

• 7: The head of Pegida Germany, Lutz Bachmann founds a political party called the Popular Party for Freedom and Direct Democracy (FDDV). They intend to work with the far-right AfD in the 2017 elections.
• Marine Le Pen of the French Front National promises to organise a 'Frexit' if ever elected in 2017.
• 14: A 19 tonne cargo truck was deliberately driven into crowds celebrating Bastille Day on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice, France, resulting in the death of 86 people and injuring 434
• 19: IPSO receives over 1,400 complaints after former Sun editor Kelvin MacKenzie made remarks in The Sun criticising Muslim newscaster, Fatima Manji for wearing a hijab while reporting the Nice attack.

screengrab: Liverpool Echo Article in which Fatima Manji responds to MacKenzie's remarks, 19 July 2016

August

• 5: Think-tank Policy Exchange publishes a paper calling for the introduction of a population register. Author David Goodhart says everyone having a ‘unique person number’ would allay fears that the country is turning into an ‘economic transit camp’.

screengrab: Cover of Policy Exchange's paper 05 August 2016

• UKIP leadership candidate, Lisa Duffy, calls for a ban on the veil in public buildings, shopping centres and on public transport.

• 11: Britain First is banned from Luton and all mosques in England and Wales following a High Court case brought by Bedfordshire police. The officers accuse anti-Islam party of creating 'community tensions' by their activism.

• 15: Adam Walker, leader of the British National Party, is arrested on allegations of electoral fraud in local elections in Pendle in May

• 21: Islam and Western Civilisation: Can they Coexist? Conference organised by the American Freedom Alliance. Participants included Philippe Karsenty, Andrew Bostom, John Bolton, Nonie Darwish, Frank Gaffney, Daniel Greenfield, Morton Klein, Guy Milliere, Robert Spencer and Wafa Sultan.

September

Germany

• 4: In regional elections, the German anti-Muslim AfD received about 21 per cent of votes in the eastern Mecklenburg-Vorpommern region, beating Merkel's party, the CDU, who came third with 19 per cent of votes, in her own home region.

• 12: AfD co-chairwoman Frauke Petry calls for a racially charged term,"voelkisch", to be rehabilitated. The term refers to people who belong to a particular race and was frequently used by the Nazis during the Third Reich.

• 21: AfD chair Georg Pazderski admits that Kay Nerstheimer, newly-elected AfD parliamentarian for Berlin’s eastern Lichtenberg district, was a member of the extremist right-wing, anti-Islam group German Defence League. Nerstheimer allegedly ended his activities with GDL after it came under surveillance in 2013 by Germany’s domestic security agency. Pazderski said that the AfD would look into his past and 'find a solution'; leader Frauke Petry would not say whether they would consider dismissing him..

• 27: Deutsche Welle reports that Germany's PEGIDA is 'descending into chaos as internal divisions have resulted in conflicting demonstrations' and as founder Lutz Bachmann is moving to a Spanish island. Former leader, Tatjana Festerling, staged her own counter-demonstration of 60-100 participants, against the regular event led by the current leader Lutz Bachmann. Both sides reportedly jeered the other during the demo, as insults, threats, and mutual accusations of splitting the movement were heard among demonstrators.

UK

• 8: Britain First leader Paul Golding is investigated over a suspected High Court injunction breach. Activists filmed themselves entering an Islamic centre accused of being home to a 'radical' Imam in Cardiff on January 20, an action prohibited to BF leaders following a High Court case.

• 28: The far right fielded four candidates in the Batley and Spen by-election following the murder of Jo Cox; David Furness (BNP), Richard Edmonds (National Front), Jack Buckby (Liberty GB) and Therese Hirst (English Democrats).

Belgium

• 8: Belgium's extreme-right party Vlaams Belang polled at 15-20 per cent of the votes.

France

• 24: The new Generation Identitaire bar and headquarters opened in Lille despite the 60,000 signatures-strong petition and a 500-people protest against it.

• 30: Generation Identitaire raised a concrete wall in front of a Montpellier building that is soon to welcome 90 asylum seekers. On the wall was spray-painted «Montpellier sans clandestins!» ('No clandestines in Montpellier!').

Denmark

• Members of the far-right Party of the Danes distributed aerosol spray cans labelled 'anti-migrant spray' in a Danish town, aimed at equipping the public against assault from immigrants and asylum seekers. Leader Daniel Carlsen said: 'I cannot see how it is racist, [...] [p]epper spray is illegal here so we wanted to figure out a way for Danish people, in particular women, to protect themselves. It’s obviously not the ideal situation.' The stunt mimicked that of Dutch MP Geert Wilders who in January 2016 gave women spray cans that promised to be 'Islamic testosterone bombs'.

October

Britain

• 1: The EDL marched through Boston in Lincolnshire, calling upon prime minister Theresa May to leave the EU and drastically reduce immigration.
• A whites-only 'neo-nazi' food bank established by a far-right group in Glasgow was condemned by politicians after the group offered free food and clothes to white homeless people while displaying Nazi symbols on their stall. The Glasgow event was reportedly organised by a group called National Action, joined by Polish fascist party The National Revival of Poland.
• 2: The BBC was accused of inflaming racial tensions by trying to recruit members of the English Defence League to appear on Question Time, which was broadcast from Boston. A producer had posted a message on the EDL’s Facebook asking members to apply to join the audience, and advising readers on how to apply for tickets. No other group was asked.
• 24: The BNP hold a majority on an Essex Council after two of their candidates '[stood] under a fake name'. The two elected men stood under the ‘Fighting Unsustainable Housing Because We Care’ banner instead of the BNP banner itself. It is unclear how many voters were aware of their BNP connections when they campaigned.

screengrab: promotional video released by the extreme right group the Knights Templar International with Jim Dowson defending their 'patrol' of Bulgarian borders against refugees

• Founder of Britain First Jim Dowson has reportedly joined up with a Bulgarian armed militia called the Knights Templar International who hunt down and attack refugees crossing into Europe. According to the Express he has also spearheaded efforts to connect the heavily armed group with large right-wing donors in Europe, America and Asia. The right-wing figure said the Bulgarian border was a frontline in the battle against refugee 'invaders' who he claimed want to take over the world.

Denmark

• 6: Daniel Carlsen, leader of the far-right Danes' Party, is charged under an anti-racism law after distributing the aerosols labelled ‘Asyl-Spray’ in Haderslev.
• 31: Beginning of Geert Wilders' trial for incitement to hatred. He did not attend after declaring he would not - citing his right to freedom of speech and his role as speaker for the silent majority in his defence. The trial was set after over 6,400 complaints for incitement to hatred, discrimination and defamation filed against him.

Germany

• 7: Leader of AfD Party Frauke Petry compared a society incorporating migrants to a 'compost heap'. In her own words: 'What should we make of the campaign "Germany is Colorful"? A compost heap is colorful, too'. During that same speech she gave in Stuttgart, she argued against the notion of a 'colorful' Germany, wanting a more 'homogenous' nation instead. In the previous month she had caused outrage by saying German Chancellor Angela Merkel was a bad politician because she does not have any children.
• 26: Lutz Bachmann, leader of the anti-Islam PEGIDA reportedly used money from the group's coffers to pay off €5,000 court costs of two cases brought against him as an individual. On his private Facebook page last year, Bachmann had insulted two mayors who were photographed helping refugees with their suitcases. He argued on Facebook that 'if a Pegida member posts something on a site belonging to the group' - including on his own personal page - 'then it is the most normal thing in the world that the association would pay for the court case.'

Norway

• 20: Norway's migration and integration minister Sylvi Listhaug sparked a firestorm of criticism after issuing instructions to newly-arrived Muslim migrants that included: 'Here we eat pork, drink alcohol and show our face. You must abide by the values, laws and regulations that are in Norway when you come here. [...] Going to a job interview, you wouldn’t wear sweatpants and a cap. So, don’t wear a niqab or a burka,', and 'each of us has to pay attention to our surroundings, and the Norwegian taxpayer will not fund your life.'

France

• 29: The group Generation Identitaire held an anti-refugee demo in Versailles to protest against the relocation of 3,000 Calais refugees in Paris, and the creation of a refugee centre at Yvelines.

November

France

• 1: The Front National declared that it had no affiliation with the new Quebec group by Daniel Boucher under the same name. Marine Le Pen declared that she would sue him for using their name if need be. Boucher claims he started the group after meeting Le Pen in march, and put up pictures of her before taking them down at the demand of the French FN. The Quebec party pledges to destroy mosques and ban Islam, amongst other things.
• 3: Karim Ouchikh from the SIEL (Souveraineté, Identité Et Liberté) publishes an article in the right-wing (Sarkozist) newspaper Minute officially removing its support for the French Front National. The party has welcomed the islamophobic Renaud Camus since 2015, and had been the FN's ally since 2011, but Ouchikh denounced endless mockeries and unwillingness to be affiliated from Marine Le Pen and her party.

Britain

• 2: Welsh police said they would take Paul Golding leader of the far-right group Britain First to court following an incident at a Cardiff mosque. Golding fears he could face up to six months in prison if found to have breached the High Court injunction.
• A court heard that Britain First deputy leader Jayda Fransen, launched a tirade of abuse at Sumayyah Sharpe during a Britain First 'patrol' in Luton on 23 January 2016.
• 26: Anti-mosque demonstration in Bolton organised by the far-right (approximately 100 demonstrators and 150 counter-demonstrators). Photos from the event clearly showed Nazi-saluting members of the neo-nazi National Action standing beside the Pie and Mash Squad. Also present were the North West Infidels (NWI). The event was promoted by the Scottish Defense League and the North West Division of the English Defence League. Tell MAMA wrote that this protest 'show[ed] more far-right coordination'.
• 28: Paul Nuttall was elected as the new leader of UKIP

Germany

• 3:The Alternative for Germany party (AfD) released a new policy pledging to cut all financial aid for refugees and to change the law to stop family members from joining them. It recommends holding people of 'uncertain identity' in offshore camps away from Europe until their rights of passage are sorted. The camps would be in north Africa, Turkey, western Syria and Libya and overseen by the EU. The policy prompted accusations of closeness to Nazi discourse.
• 8: Lutz Bachmann and his deputy leader, Siegfried Däbritz, are banned from leading weekly PEGIDA rallies until 2021.
• 16: After AfD MP Hans-Thomas Tillschneider spoke at a PEGIDA rally in May 2016, Lutz Bachmann invited the co-leader Frauke Petry to do the same, adding 'these are your voters, Frauke, and you have to be here'.
• 30: Six members of the neo-Nazi group Free Comradeship of Dresden were arrested following raids in Dresden by Saxony police. The arrestees were suspected of involvement in 14 criminal acts, including an explosive attack, attempted arson, damage to property and several instances of causing bodily arm. The detained members were also charged for attacking asylum seekers and political opponents.
• 30: After appealing a court decision in May 2016, the Dresden state court confirmed that PEGIDA leader Lutz Bachmann would have to pay the fine of 9,600 euros for 'inciting hatred against foreigners'. According to reports, Bachmann called the refugees 'cattle,' 'garbage' and a 'dirty bunch' in his Facebook in 2014.

United States

• 9: Far-right Republican candidate Donald Trump wins the presidential election against Hilary Clinton.
• Reactions to the American election: Front National leader Marine Le Pen praised him on Twitter: 'Congratulations to the new president of the United States Donald Trump and to the free American people!'. UKIP's Nigel Farage said it seemed like 2016 was the year of two huge political revolutions: Brexit and the nomination of Trump. Geert Wilders congratulated Trump’s 'historic' victory, and in a second tweet boasting '#MakeTheNetherlandsGreatAgain', he wrote that like the U.S. the Dutch 'will conquer our country' again. Frauke Petry, the leader of AfD, congratulated Trump on Twitter, calling it a 'fresh start' and 'historic'. Greece’s far-right Golden Dawn party celebrated this 'victory' in favor of ethnically 'clean' nations and against 'illegal immigration'. Hungary’s PM Viktor Orban said on Facebook that Trump’s win was 'great news' and that 'democracy is still alive'. Heinz-Christian Strache, the leader of Austria’s Freedom Party, wrote: '[b]it by bit, the political left and the out-of-touch and corrupt establishment is being punished by voters and driven from the seats of power'. Beppe Grillo, leader of the Five Star Movement, had not formally endorsed Trump, but in a blogpost after the results were in was full of praise for his unexpected win, which he said had proven that journalists and intellectuals were the true 'demagogues' who were 'anchored to a world that no longer exists'.

Hungary

• 28: In Ásotthalom, Hungary, the mayor László Toroczkai banned mosque construction, the use of a muezzin at prayer times and the wearing of clothes such as the niqab and the burkini, which prompted one of the main Muslim organizations in the country to accuse him on xenophobia. Toroczkai is a vice-president of the far right Jobbik party, and came to prominence in 2015 when he filmed an action movie-style video at a fence on the Serbian border warning migrants not to enter Hungary. He said these recent steps were taken to 'protect the community and its traditions from any mass settlement from outside'.

December

• 1: After his appeal in May, Lutz Bachmann, leader of PEGIDA, has been sentenced again to pay the 9,600 euro fine for 'inciting hatred against foreigners'.
• 5: In the rerun of the Austrian presidential elections, the Green Party associate candidate wins again, increasing his margin from May tenfold. The Austrian Freedom Party candidate Norbert Hofer lost, but still remains a formidable force in Austrian politics. His 46.7% was the best national result to date for the FPÖ.
• 7: White Supremacist Richard Spencer's appearance at Texas A&M to speak about his views gathered huge protests. For roughly two hours, Spencer delivered his message of white supremacy to a room of 400 people, the vast majority of whom were there in protest. Moreover, while his presence was embraced by mere dozens inside, it was largely drowned out from the outcry of thousands of protesters outside of the room. The Senior Vice President Amy Smith also said in a statement that the school 'finds (Spencer's) views as expressed to date in direct conflict with our core values.'
• 12: An order to classify the British neo-Nazi group National Action as a terrorist organisation is laid before Parliament. It will be the first time membership of a far-right group has been outlawed in the UK. The group has been deemed to have 'crossed the line and glorified terrorism': one tweet by the group reportedly showed a picture of Mair with the message: 'VoteLeave, don’t let this man’s sacrifice go in vain. Jo Cox would have filled Yorkshire with more subhumans!'. Their Twitter account is now suspended. The far right North West Infidels also said on social media the group believes Ms Cox 'got what she deserved'.
• 13: Tommy Robinson was invited by University of York student journalists to speak at an event centered around 'free speech, liberty and the police state'. But the decision sparked huge anger and condemnation which led to a backtrack from the organizers. York University Students’ Union’s black, minority ethnic (BME) officer said: 'Robinson is a marginal character on the far right these days and him speaking and the attention around it could get him back in the spotlight, which would be a shame to see happen, all for the sake of a few student journalists trying to further their career off the back of far right politics.'
• 16: Former Britain First leader Paul Golding was sent to jail for 8 weeks for breaching a High Court order which prohibited him from entering mosques in England and Wales.
• 19: German anti-refugee MEP Marcus Pretzell for the far-right AfD blamed Chancellor Angela Merkel for a lorry which crashed into a Christmas market in Berlin, killing nine people and injuring dozens of others. The twitter message was sent just minutes after the apparent attack, when no information had been yet received concerning the identity of the perpetrators.
• 20: The New York Times claimed that far-right anti-Muslim activist Jim Dowson was behind a fake news website - Patriot News Agency - that pumped out anti-Hillary Clinton propaganda during the US presidential election, including that she was linked to conspiracies involving Satanism, paedophilia and murder.