LM network

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The LM network or LM group is a superficially loose and informal network of individuals and organisations sharing a libertarian and anti-environmentalist ideology. Its constituent organisations are led and largely composed of people associated with the defunct Revolutionary Communist Tendency/Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP) and its principal publication Living Marxism. The network has no public presence or acknowledged existence. The strongest link is between the largest and oldest entities, Spiked and the Institute of Ideas, both established in 2000 by close associates and operating from the same address, Signet House 49-51 Farringdon Road EC1M 3JB, previously the offices of Living Marxism [1]. Associated entities typically have overlapping personnel, similar themes, views and techniques, and promote one another. The network's funds and staff numbers are relatively limited as is its influence. Perhaps of most concern are those LM associates who have obtained influential positions with other organisations and the network’s extensive youth oriented programmes.

The rationale for profiling the LM network on Powerbase is not any one of its main characteristics but rather their combination; these being: advocating policies which benefit corporate interests, set out here Institute of Ideas, corporate funding, a significant focus on influencing youth; the number of organisations it operates; and a lack of transparency about its origins, methods, scope and purpose. This profile is necessarily extensive and detailed because of the network's disparate nature and the lack of formal public links between its entities.

Logo of Spiked, a core element of the LM network, circa 2011.
The Institute of Ideas: an LM project. Image from the LM website @ www.informinc.co.uk circa 2000 promoting the first Institute of Ideas event in June/July 2000[2]
Living Marxism logo circa January 1997 from their website www.junius.co.uk
The first edition of Living Marxism, November 1988, edited by Mick Hume.


The logo of LM Magazine after it changed its name from Living Marxism at issue 97 in February 1997.[3]

Methods

The Institute of Ideas’ Director Claire Fox concedes, ‘Certainly, there is a network of like-minded people. Some people do come from an RCP background, because we have a long intellectual history together, and we do work together sometimes…’[4] Former editor of LM and Spiked and continuing Spiked contributor Mick Hume confirms, ‘The network of people I live and work with contain lots of people who were members of the RCP.’[5] while Spiked and Institute of Ideas contributor Dolan Cummings explains ‘I never left the RCP: the organisation folded in the mid-Nineties, but few of us actually 'recanted' our ideas. Instead we resolved to support one another more informally as we pursued our political tradition as individuals, or launched new projects with more general aims that have also engaged people from different traditions, or none. These include Spiked and the Institute of Ideas... ‘[6]

In his statement announcing the closure of LM magazine in spring 2000, LM editor Mick Hume promised that “The LM-initiated Institute of Ideas, a series of events planned to take place from June to July, will go ahead in partnership with major institutions in London, including the British Library, the Royal Institution, the Royal Shakespeare Company, the Royal Society of Arts, Tate Modern, and the Union Chapel Project. A new company, the Academy of Ideas, has been set up by Claire Fox to coordinate these events.”

He also stated that “As for the post-LM future of magazine publishing, watch this space”. Mick Hume was the first editor of Spiked, launched shortly afterwards.

Many of the organisational and campaigning approaches used by those in the network are characteristic of those used by the RCP, including: the creation of a range of organisations without apparent formal links; the launching of multiple campaigns; the use of extensive and extended debate; the adoption of contrarian and controversial positions; the use of martial terminology; and the early adoption of leading edge communication techniques.

A defining characteristic of the network’s entities are their positioning and presentation as catalysts for debate or irreverent challenging of established orthodoxy. In practice, this enables the promotion of the views of the network and its sponsors on almost any topic, under the guise of free enquiry. Their principal underlying themes of economic development and freedom from regulation benefit corporate interests and the larger and more established organisations explicitly seek sponsorship, either directly or via PR companies or free enterprise think tanks. Several of the entities target young people while others are sector or issue led. The network's entities are increasingly seeking partners overseas.

Individual ex-RCP members with links to the network have assumed influential positions elsewhere, particularly in the media and sciences. More generally, higher education is the most common occupational sector of associated personnel, followed by the media. Many have past or current links with the Universities of Kent, Sussex and East London. Details of some of those associated with the LM network are available via LM network at the bottom of this page.

An example of how the network operates was when LM associates James Heartfield and James Woudhuysen set up a building industry consultancy Audacity [7] and sought funding from building companies [8]. The consultancy then published Heartfield’s book ‘Let’s Build’ calling for government support for the building industry [9]. Heartfield’s book was then promoted across part of the rest of the network: Birmingham Salon [10], The Great Debate [11], Spiked [12] and WORLDbytes [13].

Battle of Ideas, a project of the Institute of Ideas, part of the LM network
Logo of the Maverick Club, circa 2000, a part of the LM network
Parents With Attitude, associated with the LM network
Hands Off The Human Footprint a Spiked campaign, part of the LM network
Worldwrite, part of the LM network
Pro-Choice Forum, part of the LM network
Future Cities Project, associated with the LM network
Centre for Parenting Culture Studies, associated with the LM network
Audacity, an LM network project
Manifesto Club part of the LM network
Big Potatoes part of the LM network
Academics for Academic Freedom and LM network associate.


Funding

None of the organisations associated with the LM network provides a breakdown of funders and how much they have provided. We do know, however, that they are funded by corporations that fund think tanks dedicated to promoting their interests in the political and media spheres. For example, the pharmaceutical company Pfizer has funded Spiked, the Institute of Ideas' Battle of Ideas in 2005 and 2006, the Debating Matters programme and two organisations with which the LM network has connections, the Science Media Centre and Sense About Science. Both of the latter are engaged in managing debate about scientific issues.

As well as funding the LM network, Pfizer funds free market think tanks such as the US-based Competitive Enterprise Institute and Cato Institute, the Netherlands-based Edmund Burke Foundation, the Brussels based Centre for the New Europe (which also does work on climate funded by Exxon), the UK’s Social Market Foundation and the American Council on Science and Health, a deceptive front group. [14] Pfizer is a member of one of the most important global corporate lobby groups, the International Chamber of Commerce. [15] What’s in it for Pfizer? One clue is in the topics covered by the Debating Matters schools debating competition which include such subjects of interest to the pharmaceutical industry as: the value or otherwise of complementary medicine, NHS rationing of expensive drugs, clinical trials in developing countries, fertility treatments, genetic screening, anti-aging treatments, genetic engineering and animal experimentation.

BT is another major sponsor of the LM network. BT sponsored the Battle of Ideas in 2006, 2007 and 2008. In addition, then BT subsidiary O2 sponsored five Spiked Debates during 2005, 2006 and 2007[16] while another was sponsored by Orange. The Mobile Operators Association is also on record as having funded Spiked. In return, BT/ O2 and other operators had the opportunity via Spiked to challenge public concerns about the perceived effects on health, child protection and the environment of mobile phones.

Other corporations and corporate lobby groups that have funded the LM network are Cadbury Schweppes, IBM, Novartis, Orange, O2, The Mobile Operators Association and the Society of the Chemical Industry. [17] These sources of funding are typical of lobbying or PR firms. Unsurprisingly, some of the biggest lobby firms also fund the network. Hill and Knowlton is one of the most controversial lobbying and PR firms in the world, having famously been behind the deception on the incubator baby story in Kuwait in 1990/91. It also worked for a long list of controversial corporations, including some from the oil, tobacco, pharma, fast food, and GM industry. It worked too for repressive regimes, including Egypt, Haiti, Indonesia, Morocco, Turkey – and China after the Tiananmen square massacre. Along with PR firm Luther Pendragon (which has worked for the Hinduja brothers, Macdonalds, Pepsi, the GM industry and others), Hill and Knowlton has put up cash for LM network events.

The LM network has also worked with other free market think tanks such as the International Policy Network (which took money from Exxon for climate change ’outreach’) and the Social Issues Research Centre (which takes money from the food, alcohol and tech industry and downplays the risks from their products). [18]

Comment by George Monbiot

The following is an excerpt from an interview by Lobbywatch with George Monbiot about the LM network:[19]

Lobbywatch: Do you actually think there is a network of people concertedly working together as this LM group?
George Monbiot: That is a good question and I think it could be answered in several different ways. There is a group of people who have more or less stuck together for a long time. To what extent they consciously organise under a single name or under a single banner, I don’t know - you would have to ask them. But that they have pursued a very consistent agenda for quite a long time and the fact that they have moved first of all into one industry, television, and then into another, science communication, more or less as a body, suggests to me that there is a coordinated programme of action.
Lobbywatch: We all have networks of people that we interact with. What makes this so different? Why do you find it so worrying?
George Monbiot: There are two reasons why I find it worrying. The first is that the agenda they pursue appears not to be pursued overtly. For example, when they ran the magazine Living Marxism it was very far from a Marxism journal - it was just about as far from a Marxist journal as you could possibly get. And it seemed to me that the title was a direct and deliberate attempt to distract attention from the fact that this was a far right wing libertarian publication which was using the terms of the left to make it look as if the positions it was taking were new and unusual ones. Whereas in actual fact they were very well trodden ones, but well trodden by people like the Libertarian Alliance who in theory were at the other end of the political spectrum.

In another part of the interview, Monbiot talks about the LM network's lack of transparency and their fondness for ostensibly objective debates:

Lobbywatch: Could you give more examples really of how you see them as not being as transparent as they might be? ...
George Monbiot: The idea of them sitting behind what appears to be a front? Well another example is the way in which you have got this great proliferation of organisations which all do the same thing and have the same people in it, but run under a host of different names. And perhaps, even more importantly, the way in which they stage debates which claim to be objective and even-handed debates but are totally controlled and managed. And this is what the Institute of Ideas specialises in. Where it will…it is very clever, it knows how to get famous names… because it will write to Melvyn Bragg or someone and say, ‘Mahatma Ghandi, Nelson Mandela and Jesus Christ are coming to speak at this conference we are having in six months time - would you like to join them?’ and they say, ‘Oh yes’. And then they’ll write to Fay Weldon and say ‘Melvyn Bragg, Mahatma Ghandi, Nelson Mandela and Jesus Christ are coming’. Etc. And then they’ll say ‘Unfortunately, Mahatma Ghandi, Nelson Mandela and Jesus Christ can’t come, but anyway we have got Melvyn Bragg and Faye Weldon’. And that is how they operate. So they get all these names together and everyone thinks ‘Oh look…look at all these big names doing this debate, it has got to be a really good debate’. And then they will stuff the panels with these network people. And then you’ll suddenly say ‘Well no, hang on, wait a minute - there’s Tony Gilland, and there’s Juliet Tizzard, and there’s Fiona Fox - what are they doing on the panel?’

History

  • 1973
Split from International Socialists, to create the Revolutionary Communist Group.
  • 1976
A sizable minority are expelled.
  • 1977
Led by Frank Furedi the expelled faction creates the Revolutionary Communist Tendency.
  • December 1979
Publication of the monthly The Next Step.
  • 1981
RCT changes it name into the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP)
  • April 1985
The next step becomes a weekly just after the end of the Miners' strike.
  • 1987
Creation of The Red Front to contest the 1987 election and replace the Labour Party.
  • November 1988
RCP establishes Living Marxism
  • 1990
RCP begins infiltration of academic and media circles
  • 1993
Campaign Against Militarism launched
  • 1994
The next step ceases publication on 25 February 1994.
  • 1995
Africa Direct launched
  • 1996
RCP dissolves itself
Families for Freedom launched
Channel Cyberia
  • 1997
Living Marxism title changed to LM
Freedom & Law launched and closed
Africa Direct closed
  • 1998
Campaign for Internet Freedom launched
Feminists for Justice launched
Internet Freedom launched
Campaign Against Militarism closed
  • 1999
Families for Freedom closed
  • 2000
LM forced to close after it loses libel case to ITN
Spiked launched by LM's ex-editor
Institute of Ideas launched as an organisation by LM's co-publisher, Claire Fox(originally an event organised by LM)

Feminists for Justice closed

  • 2001
Long-time LM contributor, and Claire Fox's sister, Fiona Fox becomes Director of the Science Media Centre
  • 2002
Global Futures launched
LM/Spiked/Institute of Ideas contributor Tracy Brown becomes Director of Sense About Science
  • 2006
Engaging Cogs launched
Campaign for Internet Freedom closed
  • 2009
Engaging Cogs closed


Organisations

Precursors

Companies

The LM network has operated via a series of companies. At first these were publishing companies, but from the mid 1990s as they branched out into the science communication world and the internet these became for profit companies which often employed significant numbers of LM network associates as well as being used to cross-subsidise other LM network entities. Companies include (in date order):

Defunct associated entities (with years of activity)

Active associated entities (with year of launch)


The LM network appears to have some influence with the Genetic Interest Group, Progress, the Science Media Centre and Sense About Science. It also has links with The Free Society which uses as columnists LM associates Suzy Dean, Claire Fox and Dennis Hayes, carries articles by LM associates Dolan Cummings, Shirley Dent and Tim Black and maintains front page links with LM entities the Future Cities Project, Institute of Ideas and Spiked [20]. The Free Society has as its policy director ex Tory MSP and hard right ex Chairman of the now disbanded Federation of Conservative Students, Brian Monteith. The other principal organisations involved in the Society are the tobacco industry lobbyists FOREST and the right wing think tank the Adam Smith Institute. The Free Society was a partner of the 2008 Battle of Ideas.

Information on these or other past or present LM/ RCP initiatives gratefully received.

Resources

Articles on the RCT/RCP and the LM network

Articles on the ITN Libel action

Notes

  1. ↑ ”LM Magazine” Local Life website accessed 7th June 2010
  2. ↑ Retrieved from the Internet Archive the LM website of 7 February 2000
  3. ↑ 'Welcome to the new-look LM', LM, February 1997, retrieved from the Internet Archive of 18 February 1998, accessed 27 October 2010
  4. ↑ Chris Bunting, What's a nice Trot doing in a place like this?, Times Higher Education, 28 Jan 2005, acc 21 May 2010
  5. ↑ Andy Beckett, Licence to rile, The Guardian, 15 May 1999, acc 21 May 2010
  6. ↑ Dolan Cummings, In defence of ‘radicalisation’: Critiques of Hizb ut-Tahrir focus less on its dodgy politics than on its intellectualism. But what’s wrong with a devotion to the debate of ideas?, Spiked, 12 Oct 2007, acc 21 May 2010
  7. ↑ "People" Audacity website, accessed 5 June 2010
  8. ↑ "We need your support", Audacity website, accessed 5 June 2010
  9. ↑ "Buy" Audacity website, accessed 5 June 2010
  10. ↑ "Let’s Build event 8th June 2010", Birmingham Salon website, accessed 5 June 2010
  11. ↑ "To Build or not to Build" The Great Debate website, accessed 5 June 2010
  12. ↑ "We need more houses, not divisive housing policies" Spiked website, accessed 5 June 2010
  13. ↑ "Programme 7 Audacity Director Ian Abley on planning laws" WORLDbytes website, accessed 5 June 2010
  14. ↑ "American Council on Science and Health", BMJ website, accessed 3 May 2010
  15. ↑ "Links to ICC member companies", International Chamber of Commerce website, accessed 3 May 2010
  16. ↑ "Online debates", Spiked website, accessed 7 June 2010
  17. ↑ "Spiked Brand Managers’ Pack", Spiked website, accessed 8 May 2010
  18. ↑ "The Social Issues Research Centre", BMJ website, accessed 3 May 2010
  19. ↑ Lobbywatch, Interview with George Monbiot about the LM group, 11 April 2007, archived on GMWatch website, accessed 21 May 2010
  20. ↑ "Think Tanks/ Media", The Free Society website, accessed 31 May 2010
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