Open Europe

Open Europe's Office, 7 Tufton Street, Westminster

Open Europe is a Eurosceptic think tank which is part of the Stockholm Network and has neoconservative connections.

Introduction

The European issue has been a defining fault-line for Conservatives for a generation. A not very well known think tank, but arguably a very significant organisation connected to Cameron’s advisers is Open Europe. This think tank focuses on the European Union and is unusual in that it is directly supported by business leaders. ‘Open Europe believes’ says their website ‘that the EU must now embrace radical reform based on economic liberalisation’.What this appears to mean is integrating all EU countries further and faster into the global economy but with a distinct eurosceptic tinge. The Marquess of Salisbury is on the board of this organisation too. Amongst its supporters are John Sainsbury (Lord Sainsbury of Preston Candover) who donated to Cameron’s leadership campaign along with fellow donor Peter Gummer.

Origins and History

Open Europe grew out of a collection of broadly euro-sceptic campaign groups that appeared between 1998-2005. The first was Business for Sterling, which was launched by the Labour Cabinet minister (and ex chairman of British Rail) Lord Marsh on 11 June 1998 as a campaign against British integration into the Euro. It had the backing of senior anti-euro business chiefs (Sir Stanley Kalms, Sir Michael Edwardes, Lord Hanson, Sir Rocco Forte) and in September 2000 combined with another anti-euro campaign group ‘New Europe’ to form the simply-titled “No” campaign. The merge was announced by the launch of a multi-million pound advertising offensive under the strap-line ‘Europe Yes. Euro No’, which was handled by M&C Saatchi. As this slogan suggests, neither New Europe nor Business for Sterling explicitly professed an anti-EU stance; both groups claimed to support the single market, but not integration into a single European currency. In May 2003 - once the perceived threat of the single currency had disappeared - Lord Saatchi backed a new cross-party group, ‘Vote 2004’, which was set up to campaign for a referendum on whether to accept the forthcoming findings of the European Convention. Vote 2004 subsequently became Vote No, and was registered as a company Vote No Ltd in May 2004.

This was the milieu of broadly euro-sceptic organisations out of which Open Europe emerged, and from which the think-tank drew its initial staff. In an op-ed in the Financial Times on 18 October 2005, Lord Rodney Leach (who had been chairman of Business for Sterling since its inception) announced that:

This week will see the launch of Open Europe, a UK think-tank that aims to set out a detailed programme of radical reform. It has commissioned leading economists to examine the potential benefits of removing the EU’s trade barriers and reforming the CAP. Their report shows that free trade is not just good for business: it is also a progressive policy.

Writing as the chairman of the soon to be launched Open Europe, Leach argued that there were two imperatives for EU reform: it needed to ‘embrace the painful economic reforms needed to succeed in the 21st century’, and to ‘abandon the historic drive to “ever closer union”’. Two days later, the think-tank launched officially at Bloomberg’s European headquarters in Finsbury Square, London. Leach spoke as chairman of the board of directors, as did Derek Scott (who had been an special advisor to Tony Blair between 1997 and 2003) as deputy chairman. Neil O’Brien, who had up to that point been campaign director of Vote 2004, was appointed as Company Secretary. Lorraine Mullally, who had also been a communications officer at Vote 2004, was appointed as head of research and communications. Paul Stephenson, a researcher at Vote 2004, was employed as a researcher, as was Tom Boal, who had previously worked for the “No” campaign.

Open Europe was incorporated as a UK company on 25 July 2005. Its website was registered on 11 July 2005. It is hosted under the same IP address (212.113.23.102) which hosts the websites of Nick Herbert MP (CEO of Business for Sterling between 1998 and 2000, founder of the No Campaign, and former Director of Reform ), Theos, and Policy Exchange.

As of July 2006, the board of Open Europe was comprised of the following people:

Meg Allen - Chairman, DRAMLA SA

John Barton - Chairman, Wellington Underwriting Plc

Rupert Hambro - Chairman, JO Hambro Ltd

Sir John Jennings - Former chairman, Shell Transport & Trading Plc

Lord Rodney Leach of Fairford (Chairman) - Director, Matheson & Co

Lizzie Noel - Director of Comms, Tribal Group Plc

David Ord - Managing Director, the Bristol Port Company

Lord Renwick of Clifton - Vice Chairman of Investment Banking, JP Morgan Europe

Lord Salisbury - Director, Gascoyne Holdings Ltd

Derek Scott (Deputy Chairman) - Economics Advisor to Tony Blair, 1997-2003

Nigel Smith - Former Chairman, the ‘No’ Campaign

Michael Spencer - CEO, ICAP Plc

Stuart Wheeler - Founder, IG Group Plc

Sir Brian Williamson - Senior Advisor, Fleming Family and Partners

Simon Wolfson - CEO, Next Plc

Examples of influence

On 5 December 2011, Open Europe published a briefing, Continental Shift: Safeguarding the UK’s financial trade in a changing Europe, which Ed Conway, economics editor of Sky News, said "seems to have influenced and informed the Prime Minister's position negotiating in Brussels". The Open Europe Blog suggested UK Prime Minister David Cameron "Insert a political declaration in the summit conclusions tomorrow that calls for concrete measures to protect non-euro member states' economic interests; 2) Work out concrete protocol language amounting to a UK safeguard over EU financial services". The first had already been detailed in a "secret Foreign Office diplomatic note"; the second, not published as of 14 December 2011, corresponds to the "specific protocol on financial services" mentioned by EU President Barroso that resulted in the remaining 26 countries of the EU "moving ahead [on a fiscal compact] without UK’s participation". Prior to this outcome, some commentators had suggested Cameron might succeed, and satisfy Conservative MPs: "the sceptical think tank Open Europe has argued for a protocol for the single market where Britain's influence over financial services laws could be safeguarded, particularly against decisions taken by the eurozone that will impact on all 27 EU countries. As a text contained within a formal protocol, this would have some legal basis."

Stockholm Network

Open Europe, like both Politeia and the Policy Exchange, is a member of the Stockholm Network of free market think tanks whose membership also includes the stalwarts of the free market right from the early stages of the neo-liberal revolution such as the Institute of Economic Affairs, the Adam Smith Institute, the Centre for Policy Studies and the Social Affairs Unit (of a total of 19 UK member organisations).

The Stockholm Network is the ‘main liaison channel’ for free market European think tanks. It was founded in September 1997 and claims to bring together over 120 think tanks from across Europe.The member groups are primarily ‘dogmatic free-marketeers who want to introduce minimalist "flat taxes" (thus ending redistribution via taxation), terminate social protection systems and privatise healthcare. They attack socially or environmentally progressive legislation, which is in place or under discussion, and that places restrictions on market activity. For example, these think tanks consistently cast doubt on the seriousness of climate change, oppose environmental regulations and promote free-market pseudo-solutions to virtually every problem.'

The Stockholm Network links also to the network of right wing think tanks in the US. It has close links with the Heritage Foundation, which ‘frequently’ sends staff to Europe and has ‘worked closely with five like-minded European think tanks to produce and launch a European edition of their Index of Economic Freedom, which ranks countries according to criteria like tax reduction and deregulation policies.’

Neocon connections

Funding

The 2006 accounts of the right-wing American Smith Richardson Foundation describe a $176,000 grant given to Open Europe's then Director Neil O'Brien to research and write a book on the EU for the Policy Forum on International Security Affairs. The project was titled Reforming the E.U. for the 21st Century: Roadmaps for Reform and described as follows:

Neil O’Brien will research and write a book exploring the future of the European Union. He will commission public opinion research, conduct interviews with leading European officials, and convene a series of meetings in order to develop a roadmap for reform of the European Union.

As of July 2009 the book does not so far appear to have been published, although Open Europe did arrange a seminar called 'Reforming the EU for the 21st century' on 14 May 2009 at the Europaforum in Hässleholm. The speakers at the seminar were Mats Persson and Lorraine Mullally from Open Europe and Bruno Waterfield the EU correspondent for the Daily Telegraph.

The 2007 accounts of the Policy Forum on International Security Affairs reveal that the forum provided a grant of $78,080 to Open Europe that year. The accounts provide no further details of the purpose of the grant.

The obscure conservative foundation the Institute for Policy Research has also funded Open Europe repeatedly. Full details from Charity Commission filings are in the table below.

Funding agency	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	Total 2005-2013
Institute for Policy Research	70,000	95,346	127,000	181,500	105,000	143,000	113,000	300,000	201,000	1,335,846
The Sir John Ritblat Family Foundation	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,000	?	1,000

Events

On 22 May 2007 Open Europe co-hosted an event at the House of Commons with the International Media Intelligence Analysis called 'Iran, Britain and Europe: Post hostage crisis, what can we expect next?'. The event included presentations by Claude Moniquet, the Director of the European Strategic and Intelligence Center and Mark Fitzpatrick of the International Institute for Strategic Studies and former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Non-proliferation at the State Department.

Fitzpatrick said that Iran was looking to develop longer range missiles capable of reaching western Europe and that Israel “has real reason to see an Iranian nuclear capability as an existential threat”. Moniquet said that there was a danger of terrorist attacks in Europe if military action is taken against Iran, saying that “Iran was a terrorist state for 23 years. We have no proof this has changed. Iran is working hard to organise terror in Europe,” targeting the UK in particular.

On 9 October 2007 Open Europe hosted a debate on the Galileo European Satellite System. One speaker at the debate was Peter Brookes of the Heritage Foundation. According to Open Europe's account of the speech Brookes said that some in the US are alarmed about the military aspects of the Galileo and saw the push for the system as symptomatic of some in Europe that are pushing Europe to pursue its own security and defence identity, separate from the US and NATO. He said: “It could be argued that the militarisation of the EU – Galileo being part of that – marks one of the greatest geo-political shifts in the transatlantic alliance since the second world war. In the eyes of some the ESDP [European Security and Defense Policy] embodies some of the worst elements of European animosity towards the United States.”

People

Board
Meg Allen †1, DRAMLA SA	John Barton †1, Wellington Underwriting plc	Michael Freeman †11, Argent Group plc
Rupert Hambro †1, J O Hambro Ltd	John Jennings †3, Shell Transport & Trading plc	Lord Leach of Fairford †1 and †12, Matheson & Co
Lizzie Noel †12 of Communications, Tribal Group plc	David Ord †13, The Bristol Port Company	Lord Renwick of Clifton †2, Investment Banking, J P Morgan (Europe)
Lord Salisbury †12, Gascoyne Holdings Ltd	Derek Scott †10 Economics Advisor to the Prime Minister, 1997-2003	Nigel Smith †3, the no (euro) campaign
Michael Spencer †4, ICAP plc	Stuart Wheeler †11, IG Group plc	Brian Williamson Senior Advisor, Fleming Family & Partners
Simon Wolfson †4, Next plc
Supporters
Antony Acland former Head of the Diplomatic Service	David Agnew †1 & †13, Isaac Agnew (Holdings) Ltd	Rudolph Agnew †1, WCMC 2000
Mohammed Ali †18 and †11, Ambala Foods	Andrew Allum Partner, LEK Consulting	Henry Angest †1 & †4, Arbuthnot Banking Group Plc
Michael Angus †12, Halcrow	Martyn Arbib †11 and †3, Perpetual Plc	Stuart Archbold OBE †1, Archbold Logistics Ltd
Lord Ashburton †3, British Petroleum Plc	Edward Atkin †13, CA Holdings Plc	Paul Auston †1, Checkmate Avon Group
David Bailey †1, Datacash Group Plc	Andrew Bainbridge †12 General, MEUC Ltd	Hew Balfour †4, Havelock Europa plc
Anthony Bamford †1 and †13, JCB	Lawrence Banks former †10, Robert Fleming Holdings Ltd	Nicholas Barber CBE †1, Bolero International Ltd
Anthony Barbour †13, Bolesworth Estate Co Ltd	Patrick Barbour †12, Microgen plc	David Barker †11 and †1, Copley Square (2003) Ltd
Peter Barton †10, Alliance & Leicester plc	Neville Baxter †1, The R H Group	Ian Baxter †13, The RH Group Ltd
Philip Beck †3, Railtrack	John Beckwith †1, Pacific Investments Plc	Martin Bell †13, Castle View International Holdings
Steven Bell †2, Newman Scott Shopfitting	Susan Bell Proctor †13, Warehouse Systems Ltd	Rupert Bentley †12, Bentley Reid Group
Simon Bentley †10, Mishcon de Reya	Marcus Beresford †1, Rocardo Plc	David Bernstein †1, Blacks Leisure Group Plc
Nicholas Berry †1, Stancroft Trust	Richard Biffa †10, Shanks Group	John Biggin †13, Keltruck Ltd
Lynn Billings Finance †12, Finglow Ltd	Brian Bird †1, The Bird Group of Companies	Charlotte Black Marketing †12, Brewin Dolphin Secruities Ltd
Toby Blackwell †6, Blackwell UK Ltd	Lord Blakenham †3, Pearson Plc	Philip Bland †12, Oval Insurance Ltd
Robert Boas †1, Federation of British Artists	Richard Boggis-Rolfe †4, [[Odgers, Ray & Berndston Ltd	Michael Bond †9, Corfe Castle Holidays
Roger Bootle †13, Capital Economics	John Brackenbury †1, Brackenbury Leisure Ltd	Leslie Breathwick †1, Cannoncourt Ltd
Iain Breese †1, Westler Foods Ltd	Michael Brent †1 and †13, Trimite Ltd	David Briggs †13, Dawsons Music Ltd
David Briggs †13, Offshoot Enterprises Ltd	Simon Brocklebank-Fowler †13, Cubutt Consulting	Roger Brooke †1, Innisfree plc
Keith Brooks †4, TBI Plc	Alan Brown Head of Investment, Schroders	Philip Brown †11 and †3, PJB Publications
Peter Buckley †1, Caledonia Investments Plc	Alan Burden †13, Anglo St James Ltd	Richard Burrows †1, Tex Holdings
Paul Burton †1, The Burton Agency Ltd	Robert Burton †13, Flightform UK Ltd	Joel Cadbury †4, Longshot plc
Charles Cameron †4, InTechnology Plc	Keith Cann-Evans †13, Hunter Grinders Ltd	Mark Cannon-Brookes †12, Smith and Williamson Investment Management
Raymond Carr Historian	Ken Carter †1, Jardine Lloyd Thompson Group	Alun Cathcart †1, Avis Europe
John Caudwell †1 and †4, The Caudwell Group	Lord Charles Cecil †12, Helix Associates Limited	Lord Chadlington †4, Huntsworth Plc
Gilbert Chalk †1, [[The Baring English Growth Fund, Baring Private Equity Partners Ltd	David Chambers †1, Lindum Group Ltd	Clifford Champion †1 and †6, A W Champion Ltd
Kit Chapman †14, The Castle at Taunton	Keith Chapman †1, Findel Plc	Mike Clare †1 and †4, Dreams Plc
John Clare CBE †4, Dixons Group Plc	Robin Clark †1, Taylor Clark Plc	Christopher Clarke †12, Cridmore Farm Co Ltd
Duncan Clegg †1, Low and Bonar Plc	Algy Cluff †1, Cluff Gold Ltd	John Clugston †1, Clugston Group Ltd
Timothy Cockroft †12, KBC Peel Hunt Ltd	Kay Coleman OBE †12 and former †4, Harvey's and Co Ltd	Sir John Coles Head of the Diplomatic Service, 1994-97
David Collett †2, Congregational & General Insurance Plc	Richard Collins †1, F L Estates	Roderick Collins †11 and †12, Firecrest Ltd
Tim Congdon †15, Institute of Economic Affairs	Andrew Cook †1, William Cook Ltd	Laurence Copeland Professor of Financial Economics, Cardiff Business School
Mike Cornish †12 and †3, Linpac Group Ltd	John Cotton †1, John Cotton Group Ltd	Neil Cotton †12, Madison Drinks Co Ltd
Tom Cowie †1, North European Marine Services Ltd	John Craig †12, New Star Investment Trust plc	John Craven †1, Fleming Family and Partners
Terry Cross †1, Delta Print & Packaging Ltd	Stephen Curran †1, Candover Investments	Mark Darell-Brown †12, RAB Capital
Lord Daresbury †1, De Vere Group plc	Jim Darling †1, Codemasters Group Ltd	Duncan Davidson †1 and †11, Persimmon Plc
Crispin Davis †4, Reed Elsevier Group	James Davis CBE K(DK) †1, International Maritime Industries Forum	Michel de Carvalho Vice-†1, Citigroup plc
Guy Dellal Property Investor	Felix Dennis †1, Dennis Group	Charles Dent †13, Timothy Taylor & Co Ltd
Lord Derwent †10, Hutchison Whampoa (Europe) Ltd	Rupert Dilnott-Cooper former †4, Carlton Communications plc	Maurice Dixson Executive †1, Cranfield Aerospace Ltd
Michael Dobbs Author]]	Michael Dobson †4, Schroders Plc	Judith Donovan CBE †1, DIY Direct Marketing Ltd
Lloyd Dorfman CEO and †1, Travelex Group	Justin Dowley †8, Tricorn Partners	Roger Earl Consultant to the Heath Lambert Group Plc
Stuart Earley former †13, Deep-Sea Lesiure Plc	Robert Edmiston †1 and †4, IM Group Ltd	Michael Edwardes †1, Tryhorn Investments Ltd
John Egan †1, Severn Trent Plc	Johan Eliasch †1, Head Group	Alan Elliot †3, Blick Plc
Ben Elliot †16, Quintessentially	Paul Evans Joint †1, Rentacrate UK Ltd	Alan Evans †10, Hall and Watts (Optronics) Ltd
Patrick Evershed †12, New Star Asset Management Ltd	John Fairbairn former †10, M&G Group Plc	Francois Feuillat Partner, Vinson & Elkins RLLP
Malcolm Field †1, Aricom Plc	Richard Fildes †1, Barlows plc	Roddy Fleming †12, Fleming Family and Partners
Jean-Paul Floru Councillor, City of Westminster	Peter Foden †3, ERF Ltd	Professor James Foreman-Peck †12, [[Welsh Institute for Research in Economics & Development, Cardiff Business School
Rocco Forte †1 and †4, Rocco Forte Hotels	Graeme Foux †11 and CEO of Woyano]]	Oliver Fox-Pitt †12, Fox-Pitt Kelton Ltd
William Frame †13 and †11, Braemore Estates Ltd	Nicholas Frankopan Zagrebacki Neboder d.o.o]]	Peter Frankopan Senior Research †15, [[Worcester College, Oxford
David Franks †1, Broken Foot Inns Ltd	Chris Fraser †13, Hotel Connect Ltd	Ken Fraser †1, Norwell Engineering
Clara Freeman former Executive †12, Marks & Spencer Plc	John Frieda †11, John Frieda plc	Jonathan Fry †3, Elementis plc
Haruko Fukuda OBE †1, Caliber Global Investment Ltd	Anthony Fuller CBE †1, Fuller Smith and Turner plc	Elizabeth Gage †1, Elizabeth Gage Ltd
Barry Gamble †1 and †4, Fountains plc	Edmund Gartside †12 and former †13, Shiloh Plc	Barry Grimaldi Private General Practitioner]]
Martin Gatto †1, Neutrahealth plc	Thomas Gibson †1, Thomas Gibson Fine Art Advisory Services	Howard Giles †1, Gilesports plc
Charles Goodson-Wickes †4, Medarc Ltd	Jonathan Goodwin Joint-†17 and co-†11, LongAcre Partners Ltd	MIke Gooley †1, Trailfinders
Campbell Gordon †12, UBS	David Gorton Co-†11, London Diversified Fund Managment	Ross Graham †7, Misys plc
Donald Greenhalgh Non-Executive †12, Ainscough Cranes Ltd	George Greenwood †3, Steamship Insurance Management Services Ltd	Ronald Grierson †7 General, [[Industry & Technology, European Commission
Stanley Grinstead †3, Grand Metropolitan Plc	Lulu Guinness †1, Lulu Guinness Ltd	Paul Guy †1, PMS Developments Plc
Alan Halsall Joint-†13, Silver Cross Holdings Ltd	Peter Hambro †1, Peter Hambro Plc and Peter Hambro Mining Plc	Don Hanson †1, Manchester University Pension Fund
Robert Hanson †1, Hanson Capital Ltd	Stephen Hargrave †1, Thomas Potts Plc	William Hargreaves Joint-†13, SISIS Equipment Ltd
Peter Hargreaves †4, Hargreaves Lansdown Plc	John Harris †1, Alba Plc	Lord Harris of Peckham †1 and †4, Carpetright plc
Jeff Harrison †12, Tortcrest Ltd	Richard Harvey †12, First corporate Shipping Ltd	Bobby Hashemi Co-†11, Coffee Republic
Peter Hawksley †4]]	Michael Heathcoat Amory †12 and †3, Jupiter International Green Investment Trust Plc	Michael Heller †1, London and Associated Properties Ltd
Oliver Hemsley †4, Numis Corporation Plc	Robin Herbert †12, Arbuthnot Latham	Garth Heron †9, Garth Heron Search & Consultancy
John Hickman †1, Kingston Estates Ltd	Lord Hindlip †3, Christies International Plc	Robert Hiscox †1, Hiscox Plc
Alexander Hoare †4, Hoare and Co	David Hoare Executive †1, Virgin Express Holdings Plc	Jonathan Hodge Executive †10, Julian Hodge Bank
John Hoerner †4 of Clothing, Tesco Plc	Steven Hope †1 of A & D Hope]]	John Hoskyns †3, Arcadia Group plc
Jan Hruska †4, Sophos plc	David Hunter †13, NCL Investments Ltd	Kit Hunter Gordon †13, The Summit Group Ltd
Michael Hutchinson †1, The AGD Group Ltd	Stuart Hutton †13, Priory Hotels Ltd	Tim Iredale †13, Reed of Trowbridge
Kambiz Jaberi †1 and †13, Karins Group of Companies	John Jackson †1, Whitley Willows Ltd	C Richard Jackson MBE †1, Mercedes Benz North Yorkshire
Michael Jackson †1, Elderstreet Investments	Clive Jacobs †11, Holiday Autos	Martin Jacomb †3, Prudential plc
Margot James †11, Shire Health Group	Peter Jay former Economics Editor, BBC	Mark Jiskoot †13, Jiskoot Ltd
Luke Johnson †1, Signature Restaurants plc	David Johns-Powell †13, William Powell & Son Ltd	Christopher Joll †1, MJ2 Ltd
Alan Jones OBE former Group †13, TNT Express UK	Peter Jones Operations †12, Argos Retail Group	Kenneth Jordan †18, Chailey Consulting
C Judd †12, Gerald Judd Sales Ltd	Paul Judge †1, Royal Society of Arts	Lord Kalms of Edgware †6, Dixons plc
Peter Kane †11 and †1, Business Post Group	Gerald Kaye Development †12, Helical Bar plc	Nicholas Kaye †4, Canfield Investments Ltd
Terence Kealey Vice Chancellor, University of Buckingham	John Keating †13, Wessex Resins and Adhesives Ltd	Martyn Kebbell †1, Maxwell Stamp plc
Graham Keddie †1, GSPK Ltd	Chris Kelly †1, Keltruck Ltd	William Kendall †4, Green & Black's
Chips Keswick †3, Hambros Bank Ltd	Henry Keswick †1, Matheson and Co Ltd	Simon Keswick †12, Matheson and Co Ltd
Paul Killik †5, Killik & Co	Mike Killingley †1, Beale Plc	Richard King †1, Oyster Partners Ltd
Brian Kingham †11 and †1, Reliance Security Group plc	Simon Kirby †13, Thomas Crapper and Sons Ltd	Matthew Knight †5, Knights Solicitors
Tom Kremer †1, Seven Towns Ltd	Lord Laidlaw of Rothiemay †11, Institute for International Research	Deepak Lal Emeritus Professor of Political Economy, University College London
Martin Landau †12, European Hotels Corp Ltd	Peter Lane †13, GRS Roadstone Ltd	John Langham †1, Langham Industries Ltd
David Lascelles Co-†12 and Joint †11 of the Centre for the Study of Financial Innovation]]	Ruth Lea †12, Centre for Policy Studies	John Lea †13, Morning Foods Ltd
David Lees †1, Tate & Lyle plc	Howard Leigh †12, Cavendish	Major General Gordon Lennox The Gordon Lennox Estate Company]]
Hugh Lenon †9, Phoenix Equity Partners	Graeme Lewis †1, Hi-Gear Leisure plc	Peter Linacre †13, Massive Ltd
Kevin Linfoot †11 and †1, K W Linfoot plc	Marcus Loudon Co-†11, Lawton Cross Ltd	Rupert Lowe †1, Lesiure Holdings Ltd
Gerard Lyons Chief Economist, Standard Chartered plc	Neil MacKinnon Chief Currency Strategist, The ECU Group plc	Alastair MacMillan †12, White House Products Ltd
Lt Col W P C MacNair †13, Black Isle Communications Ltd	Lilian Mains †13, Zodiac Training Ltd	Dimitri Marchessini †1, Marchessini and Co Ltd
Tim Martin †1 and †11, JD Weatherspoon plc	Ivan Massow †11, Ivan Massow Financial Services Ltd	Paul Mawdsley †13, The Mawdsley Consultancy
Malcolm McAlpine †12, Robert McAlpine Ltd	Jack McClenaghan †13, Phoenix Merchants Ltd	Kiki McDonough †11, Kiki McDonough
Charles McLeod †11 and †4, The 4Less Group plc	Nigel McNair Scott †1, Avocet Mining plc	Nick Medlam †13, Safetell International Ltd
John Melbourn MBE †12, Gulf International plc	Tim Melville-Ross †1, DTZ Holdings plc	Peter Michael CBE †1, Classic FM
Antony Michaelson †13, Musical Fidelity	Edgar Miller †13, Palladian Ltd	Michael Miller †1, Harris & Sheldon Group Ltd
Lorna Moran MBE CEO, NRG Group	Peter Morgan †1, Strategic Thought Plc	Douglas Morpeth †3, Clerical Medical Life Assurances
Richard Morriss †13, Marmet Ltd	James Morton Investment †12, European American Securities	Raymond Mould †1, Pillar Property plc
Simon Murray †1, Simon Murray & Associates	Robert Neame CBE DL †1, Shepherd Neame Ltd	Simon Newman †12, Armchair Passenger Company Ltd
Anthony Nissen †13, The Virtual Office Group	Jill Norman Writer	John Nott †3, Hillsdown Holdings plc
Stephens Obomese †13, The Leber-Lebe House Ltd	Julian Ogilvie Thompson Non-executive †12, De Beers Consolidated Mines and De Beers sa	Richard Oldfield †4, Oldfield Partners LLP
Matthew Orr Co-†11 of Killik & Co	Gordon Owen former Group †13, Cable & Wireless	David Palmer former †4 and †1, Willis, Faber & Dumas
Richard Patient †13, Indigo Public Relations	Louise Patten †1, Brixton Plc	Michael Pawley †12, Proficio Solutions Ltd
Alan Peacock Co-†11, David Hume Institute	John Phillips CBE †1, Reliance Barker Davies Ltd	David Peake †3, Kleinwort Benson Group
Michael Pickard †10, London First	Desmond Pitcher †12 and †3, United Utilities plc	John Pittard former Group †13, Pittards plc
Michael Plaut †13, Northmace Hendon Ltd	Mike Price †1, Castle Composite Doors Ltd	David Price †3, F & C Management plc
Professor Gwyn Prins LSE and Columbia University]]	Peter Prowting †1, Prowting Investments Plc	David Pusinelli †12, [[Corporate Development, Close Brothers Group plc
William Pybus †3, AAH Holdings	Christopher Quinton †1, Halarose Limited	Sean Ramsden †11 and †13, Nisa International
Christopher Rea †13, AES Engineering Ltd	Neil Record †1, Record Currency Management Ltd	Gavin Reed †12, Broadgate Management Services Ltd
David Reid Scott †1, Hawkpoint Partners Ltd	Lord Remnant CVO †3, National Provident Institution	Nigel Rich CBE †12, Sutherland Corporate Services
Martin Ricketts CBE Professor, University of Buckingham	John Ritblat †1, British Land Company plc	Peter Rivers-Fletcher †13, Watsonian-Squire Group plc
Graham Roach †2, [[Roach Foods Division, Tulip Ltd	John Robins †3, Austin Reed Group plc	Peter Robinson †1, Frederic Robinson Ltd
Clive Rook †13, Rook Matthews Sayer Property	Philippa Rose †4, Rose Partnership	Stuart Rose †4, Marks & Spencer plc
Raj Ruia †12, Ruia Group	Lord Saatchi Partner, M&C Saatchi	John Sadler †3, Pearl Group plc
Lord Sainsbury of Preston Candover †6, J Sainsbury plc	Nicholas Sallnow-Smith †4, Hongkong Land Ltd	Jim Sander †1, Precision Concepts Ltd
Paddy Scott former †13, Pimm's Limited	Malcolm Scott †13, Dunalastair Estates	Patrick Scott †12, The Ormiston Partnership
David Sedgley †1, Roadlink International Ltd	Christopher Shale †4, Oxford Resources Ltd	Jane Sheldon †13, Mawsley Machinery
Lord Sheppard of Didgemere †1, Didgemere Consultants	Graham Sherren †1, Centaur Media	Geoffrey Simon †1, John Broadwood and Sons Ltd
Clive Snell †13, Trigate Holdings Ltd	Peter Spira former †2 of Goldman Sachs International]]	James Spooner †7, John Swire and Sons
James Staughton †13, St Austell Brewery Co Ltd	Michael Stoddart Senior Advisor, Fleming Family and Partners	Michael Stone †1, Gamma Telecommunications Ltd
Peter Stormonth Darling †1, Atlas Capital Group SA	Richard Storey Bt CBE †3, Portsmouth & Sunderland Newspapers plc	John Sunley †1, Sunley Holdings Plc
Richard Tanner †1, Tanners Wines Ltd	Michael Taylor former Financial †12 of Gresham Scientific Instruments Ltd]]	Brian Tew Partner, Simon Smith Group
Richard Tice †12, Maxcap Partners	Robert Tomkinson †3, Pittards Plc	James Tonner †18, JETechnics
Richard Topham †12, Charles Topham Group Ltd	Peregrine Towneley Executive Committee Member, Agnew Higgins Pickering & Co	Tony Travis †3 and †4, Travis Perkins Plc
Viscount Trenchard Senior Advisor, Prudential Financial Ltd	Hugh Trevor-Jones †1, Lowe and Fletcher Ltd	Neville Trotter †1, British-American Chamber of Commerce North East
Andrew Tuckey †12, Bridgewell	Derek Tughan †1, Ralborough Securities Ltd	Simon Turnbull †1, Turnbull Scott and Co Ltd
Neil Turner †1, Edward Turner and Sons Ltd	Rod Turner †1 of Whale Tankers Limited]]	Martin Vallance †12, Vallectric Ltd
John Varley Group †4, Barclays Plc	Lord Vinson of Roddam Dene †7, British Airports Authority	Fred Vinton †1, Electra Partners Ltd
David von Simson †13, Europa Partners Ltd	Charles Wade †1, Wade Group Ltd	Patrick Walker †7 General, MI5
Max Ward †13, The Independent Investment Trust Plc	Monima Wardle †13, City Analytics	Nicholas Wheeler †11, Charles Tyrwhitt Shirts LLP
Michael Whitaker Executive †12, Mitre Estates Ltd	Bill Whiteley CEO, Rotork Plc	Simon Whitmore †3, Butcombe Brewery Ltd
John Wildgoose †1, Wildgoose Construction Limited	Colin Wright †18, Wright Tucker and Associates	John R Wright former †4, Clydesdale & Yorkshire Banks
Stanislas Yassukovich †1, S M Yassukovich and Co Ltd	Martin Young †4, Meyado International Ltd	Lord Young of Graffham †1, Young Associates Ltd
Source: Open Europe 2005-2007 Board Accessed 22 Aug 2007 † key: Chairman Vice Chairman former Chairman Chief Executive Senior Partner President former Director Founder Partner Managing Partner Deputy Chairman Founder Director Managing Director Propreitor Fellow Founding Partner

Contact

• 7 Tufton Street, London

Resources

• Open Europe 2005-2007Board Accessed 22 Aug 2007
• Open Europe 2005-2007Supporters Accessed 22 Aug 2007