Sanz-Klausenburg (Hasidic dynasty)

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Hasidic dynasty founded in Klausenburg (Cluj, now in Romania), centred since the 1950s on Kiryat Sanz in Netanya, Israel, and on Brooklyn and Union City in the United States

Hasidic dynasties
Overview

Hasidic dynasties | Haredi and Hasidic groups in the US | Chabad-Lubavitch movement

Dynasties

Belz | Biala | Bobov | Boyan | Breslov | Chabad-Lubavitch | Chernobyl | Dushinsky | Ger | Karlin-Stolin | Lelov | Munkacs | Nadvorna | Pupa | Rachmastrivka | Sadigura | Sanz-Klausenburg | Sassov | Satmar | Shomer Emunim | Skulen | Skver | Slonim | Spinka | Toldos Aharon | Toldos Avraham Yitzchak | Tosh | Vizhnitz

Founders and early masters

Baal Shem Tov | Dov Ber of Mezeritch | Elimelech of Lizhensk | Shneur Zalman of Liadi | Nachman of Breslov | Moshe Leib of Sassov

Present-day rebbes

Aaron Teitelbaum | Zalman Teitelbaum | Yissachar Dov Rokeach | Yaakov Aryeh Alter | Yisroel Hager | Ben Zion Aryeh Leibish Halberstam | David Twersky | Boruch Meir Yaakov Shochet

20th-century rebbes

Joel Teitelbaum | Aharon Rokeach | Menachem Mendel Schneerson

Politics and communal bodies

Agudat Yisrael | United Torah Judaism | Degel HaTorah | Edah HaChareidis | Neturei Karta | Union of Orthodox Hebrew Congregations

Places

Uman | Stamford Hill | Williamsburg, Brooklyn | Kiryas Joel, New York | Bnei Brak | Beitar Illit | Modi'in Illit

United Kingdom

Satmar institutions in the UK | Belz Communities | Satmar Kolel

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Sanz-Klausenburg (Sanz, Klausenberg, Tsanz)
Founded 1926 (YIVO); 1927 according to the Sanz institutions' own biography Klausenburg (Kolozsvár, now Cluj-Napoca, Romania)
Founder Yekutiel Yehuda Halberstam (1904 or 1905–1994); the wider Sanz line descends from Chaim Halberstam of Sanz
Leader Rebbes Zvi Elimelech Halberstam (Israel); Shmuel Dovid Halberstam (United States)
Headquarters Kiryat Sanz, Netanya, Israel; Borough Park, Brooklyn, New York
Type Hasidic dynasty
Languages Notes

+"Sanz-Klausenburg"+r (also Klausenberg, or simply Sanz or Tsanz) is a Hasidic dynasty founded by Yekutiel Yehuda Halberstam, a great-grandson of Chaim Halberstam of Sanz (Nowy Sącz, in southern Poland). Halberstam became the Hasidic rabbi of Klausenburg (Cluj, now in Romania) in the 1920s, lost his wife and 11 children in the Holocaust, and rebuilt his following in the displaced persons camps of Germany, then in New York and in Israel.[1][2][3][4]

In 1956 he laid the foundation stone of Kiryat Sanz, a Hasidic neighbourhood in Netanya, and in the 1970s he founded the Laniado Hospital there.[5][6][7] He also set up a community in Union City, New Jersey. After his death in 1994 his two sons divided the leadership: Zvi Elimelech Halberstam became rebbe in Israel and Shmuel Dovid Halberstam in the United States.[8][9][4]

History

Sanz origins

The dynasty takes its name from Sanz (Nowy Sącz), where Chaim Halberstam, author of Divrei Ḥayim, served as rabbi from 1830. David Assaf, writing in the YIVO Encyclopedia, describes him as a leading Galician halakhic authority and notes his 1869 ban on the Sadagora Hasidim.[1] Sources disagree on his year of birth. Rabinowicz, and Heilman in two passages, give 1793.[10][11][12] Elsewhere Heilman gives 1797, and YIVO gives 1797 or 1799.[13][1] All three agree that he died in 1876. Rabinowicz writes that he raised money for a synagogue in Safed six years before his death, and that two of his sons-in-law settled there.[10]

Halberstam's descendants founded several courts, among them Bobov.[13][1] According to YIVO, his son Barukh of Gorlice (1830–1906) led the family's opposition to Zionism. The Sanz institutions' biography gives Barukh's dates as 1829–1906 and names him as Yekutiel Yehuda's grandfather.[1][4]

Klausenburg

Yekutiel Yehuda Halberstam was born in Rudnik. Rabinowicz gives his birth date as 4 Shevat 1904, and YIVO also gives 1904.[2][1] Heilman gives 1905, the Sanz institutions' biography gives 10 January 1905, and The Jerusalem Post also gives 1905.[14][7][4][15] His father, Tzvi Hirsch, the rabbi of Rudnik, died in 1918. In 1921 Yekutiel Yehuda married Hannah (Chana), daughter of Ḥayim Tsevi Teitelbaum, the rabbi of Sighet.[2][4] Rabinowicz gives Teitelbaum's dates as 1882–1926 and YIVO as 1880–1926.[2][16]

After five years in his father-in-law's house, he became rabbi of the Yereim Hasidic community of Klausenburg. YIVO dates this to 1926 and the Sanz institutions' biography to 1927.[2][1][4]

Holocaust

Rabinowicz writes that the Klausenburg ghetto, which held 16,763 people, was set up in May 1944, and that its inmates were deported to Auschwitz in six transports between 25 May and 9 June 1944.[3] Halberstam himself was held in Hungarian labour camps and was made to work in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto, before being moved to Auschwitz, Dachau and Mühldorf.[3][4] Rabinowicz and YIVO say his wife and 11 of his children were killed.[3][1] The Sanz institutions' biography says his wife and the nine children still with her were deported from Klausenburg to Auschwitz.[4]

Displaced persons camps

After liberation Halberstam worked in the Feldafing, Landsberg and Föhrenwald camps. He set up kosher kitchens, yeshivas, girls' schools and printing presses to reprint religious books.[17] The Sanz institutions' biography says he organised a survivors' body, Sh'erit ha-Pletah ("the surviving remnant"), which ran schools and yeshivas in 19 displaced persons camps. It also says he set rules allowing survivors who had no proof of a spouse's death to remarry.[4]

United States

Halberstam settled in New York in 1947. He lived first on the Upper West Side of Manhattan and then in Williamsburg, and he also founded a community in Union City. He opened schools for boys and girls and the Shearis Hapleita (She'erit HaPeletah) yeshiva, and in 1952 he founded what Rabinowicz calls the first kollel in the United States. In 1954 the community bought the Marcy Theatre in Williamsburg and turned it into a synagogue. Branches of the yeshiva opened in Montreal and Mexico City.[18]

In New York he married Ḥaya Neḥama, daughter of Shmuel David Unger, the rabbi of Nitra (1886–1944). They had five daughters and two sons.[18] The Sanz institutions' biography dates the wedding to 22 August 1947.[4]

Kiryat Sanz, Netanya

Rabinowicz writes that Halberstam first visited Israel in 1955 and spent years looking for a site. He turned down Jerusalem, Safed and Bnei Brak, and he met David Ben-Gurion, who urged him to settle in the Negev.[10] On the advice of Netanya's founding mayor, Oved Ben-Ami, he bought 300 dunams of land in Netanya and named the settlement after Sanz. The foundation stone was laid on 4 March 1956, and in 1960 he arrived with a Sefer Torah and about 50 immigrants from America.[19] Heilman places the building of Kiryat Sanz in the mid-1950s.[7] The Jerusalem Post describes it as the first Hasidic neighbourhood in an Israeli development town.[15]

His uncle by marriage, Joel Teitelbaum of Satmar, saw the move as tainted by secular Zionism. Halberstam replied that the sanctity of the Land of Israel did not depend on the government in power.[19][20] Rabinowicz writes that in 1963 a religious dispute nearly led him to leave Israel, and that President Zalman Shazar talked him out of it.[21]

Biale and his co-authors write that the move prompted "a ferocious attack" by Teitelbaum, and that "Defamations, diatribes, and some physical violence accompanied this clash".[22] In a newspaper interview Halberstam argued that after the Holocaust "the Land of Israel seems to be the only refuge for the Torah and, above all—there are no Gentiles there", and that whoever stays in the Diaspora for religious reasons "virtually anchors himself to the Gentiles that are there". The authors write that he "was even more vitriolic against non-Jews" than against secular Jews, but that he instructed that there be no discrimination between Jew and Gentile in his Netanya hospital, and ruled that doctors should break the Sabbath if healing a Gentile required it.[23] They note that the Netanya institutions serve "the residents of the whole area, including Arabs".[24] In his Holocaust theology, they write, the nations of the world were "the earthly embodiments of the evil snake", and "this sweeping hostility to the Gentiles may explain why Halberstam, like the Rebbe of Belz, embraced a kind of ultra-Orthodox Zionism, leading to the establishment of the settlement of Kiryat Sandz".[25] He opposed Zionism "on account of its secular character" rather than on the messianic grounds of Satmar, "even though he supported the renewed settlement in the Land of Israel", and he coined the hostile term goyhudim ("Jewentiles") for secular Jews.[26]

In the late 1990s Rabinowicz described Kiryat Sanz as home to about 400 families. Its Great Synagogue has an Italian Ark about 300 years old and more than 1,000 seats.[5] The neighbourhood has schools, a yeshiva and a kollel, as well as institutions for Sephardi Jews, including an orphanage and a synagogue using the Sephardi rite.[27][6] It also has a home for the elderly, a diamond factory, shops and a hotel, and the beach has separate bathing days for men and women. Only religious Jews are admitted as residents, and television is not allowed.[6]

Other communities in Israel

In 1964 Halberstam founded a Shikkun Sanz housing estate at Tel Arza in north-west Jerusalem. Rabinowicz also lists Sanz institutions in Bnei Brak, Petah Tikva, Tiberias and Safed.[8] YIVO notes that, besides Kiryat Sanz and the hospital, he founded other neighbourhoods in Israel.[1]

Last years and succession

Rabinowicz writes that ill health kept Halberstam in New York for his last years, and that he had heart surgery there in 1968.[8] According to The Jewish Link, he moved from Israel to Union City in 1972.[28] He died on 9 Tammuz 1994 (the Sanz institutions' biography gives 18 June 1994) and was buried in the Sanz section of the Netanya cemetery. His will forbade eulogies at his funeral.[8][9][4]

His sons divided the leadership. Zvi Elimelech, born in New York in Heshvan 1953, became rebbe in Israel. Shmuel David, born in New York in 1957, became rebbe of Sanz in the United States. Rabinowicz says Sanz Hasidim outside Israel and the United States accept both as joint rebbes.[8][9] The Sanz institutions' biography calls them the Sanzer Rebbe of Israel and the Klausenberger Rebbe of Borough Park.[4]

Family

The table lists only relationships stated in the sources cited. Where the sources give different dates, each version is shown.

Family of Yekutiel Yehuda Halberstam
Person Relationship Dates Role Sources
Chaim Halberstam (Divrei Ḥayim) Great-grandfather 1793 (Rabinowicz; Heilman pp. 155, 268), 1797 (Heilman p. 96) or 1797/99 (YIVO) – 1876 Rabbi of Sanz from 1830; founder of the Sanz line [10][13][1][4]
Barukh Halberstam of Gorlice Grandfather 1830–1906 (YIVO); 1829–1906 (Sanz institutions) Rebbe of Gorlice [1][4]
Tzvi Hirsch Halberstam Father died 1918 Rabbi of Rudnik [2][4]
Yekutiel Yehuda Halberstam — 1904 (Rabinowicz, YIVO) or 1905 (Heilman, Sanz institutions) – 1994 Founder; rabbi of Klausenburg from 1926 (YIVO) or 1927 (Sanz institutions) [2][7][1][4]
Hannah (Chana) Teitelbaum First wife (married 1921) killed in the Holocaust, 1944 Daughter of Ḥayim Tsevi Teitelbaum of Sighet; killed with 11 of their children (Rabinowicz, YIVO) [2][3][1]
Ḥaya Neḥama Unger Second wife (married 1947) — Daughter of Shmuel David Unger of Nitra; mother of five daughters and two sons [18][4]
Zvi Elimelech Halberstam Son born Heshvan 1953, New York Rebbe in Israel (Kiryat Sanz) from 1994; married in 1970 a daughter of Shmuel Unsdorfer of Montreal [8][9]
Shmuel Dovid Halberstam Son born 1957, New York Rebbe in the United States from 1994; married a daughter of Aaron Wider, rabbi of the Linzer community of Brooklyn [9][4]
Miriam Leah Eldest daughter — Wife of Shlomo Goldman [28]
Shlomo Goldman Son-in-law died 21 July 2017 Sanz-Zvhiller Rebbe; rav of Union City from 1971 [20][28]
Dov Berish Weiss Son-in-law — Named by Rabinowicz at the rebbe's Friday-night table [20][29]
Shaul Yehuda Prizant Younger son-in-law — Dayan in Union City; rav of the community after 2017 [28]

Union City

According to The Jewish Link, Halberstam began planning another American community in 1965, after friction with what he regarded as an anti-religious Israeli government. Hasidim began arriving in Union City, in Hudson County, in the mid-1960s. A former resident told the paper that by then the town's older Jewish community could no longer make up a minyan. He arranged the purchase and renovation of several buildings there.[28]

In 1971 he made his son-in-law Shlomo Goldman, who had headed the kollel at Kiryat Sanz, rosh yeshiva and rav of Union City. Halberstam himself moved there in 1972.[28] After 1994 Goldman led the community as the Sanz-Zvhiller Rebbe. He opened kollels, a cheder and a girls' school. After his death in 2017 he was buried on the Mount of Olives, and Shaul Yehuda Prizant, another son-in-law of Halberstam, became rav.[28]

The community's yeshiva describes Kehillas Sanz Zvhill as a small community with a cheder, a mesivta, a girls' school, a kollel and a central beis medrash. It says about half its members study in kollel or work in Jewish education, while the rest commute to Manhattan and elsewhere.[30]

Laniado Hospital

Halberstam founded the Laniado Hospital (Sanz Medical Center) in Kiryat Sanz. Rabinowicz writes that it opened in June 1975 as a four-room outpatients' clinic and became a full hospital at the end of 1976.[6] The hospital's own website gives 1976 as the founding year and says it opened with an obstetrics department. It names the hospital after two brothers from Aleppo, Alphonse and Yaakov Avraham Laniado, who ran the family bank in Switzerland and left money in their wills for a hospital in Israel. The rest of the cost was raised by Halberstam.[31] The hospital and its American fundraising body both link its founding to a vow Halberstam made during the Holocaust.[31][32]

The sources give different bed counts:

  • Rabinowicz reported 169 beds plus 132 in its geriatric centres.[33]
  • The hospital's website gives 460 beds.[31]
  • American Friends of Laniado Hospital gives 500.[32]

Both organisations say it is the only hospital serving the Netanya area, a population of about 500,000.[31][32] Rabinowicz notes that the hospital runs a nursing school and is supervised by the Israeli Ministry of Health. He reports some 20,000 emergency patients in 1993 and 35,000 in 1995.[34]

The hospital's founding principles say it is run according to the Shulchan Aruch, under a rabbinical authority whose rulings bind the staff. Work forbidden on Shabbat is to be done by non-Jews wherever possible.[35] The hospital says it has never joined a strike and treats everyone regardless of religion, race or nationality.[31] American Friends of Laniado Hospital says the hospital has treated many soldiers wounded in the Gaza war, and it describes a Home Front Command officer who had a heart attack while serving at the hospital.[32] In 2024 The Jerusalem Post reported that Laniado was raising funds for equipment to treat casualties of the war with Gaza and Hezbollah, including people evacuated from towns near the Lebanese border.[15]

Registered organisations

United Kingdom

These charities are on the register of the Charity Commission for England and Wales. Each one carries the Sanz or Laniado name or, in the case of Kollel Shefa Chaim, uses "Kollel Sanz" as a working name. Figures are for the latest year on the register.

Charities on the register of the Charity Commission for England and Wales
Charity Number Address (register) Registered Latest year Trustees
Friends of Sanz Institutions (formerly Kehillat Kamenitz Charitable Trust) 328498 124 Stamford Hill, London N16 6QT 13 June 1990 Year to 30 November 2025: income £1,617,885; spending £1,384,150 Isaac Reich, David Klein, Eliezer Reich, Jacob Klein[36]
The Sanz Foundation 1129656 11 Marston Road, Salford M7 4FG 15 May 2009 Year to 31 March 2025: income £356,420; spending £102,737 David Neuwirth, Mendel Berger, Jaakov Arieh Schwartz[37]
Kollel Shefa Chaim (working name Kollel Sanz) 1103727 Kollel Shefa Chaim, 124 Stamford Hill, London N16 6QT 12 May 2004 Year to 31 October 2025: income £80,211; spending £82,796 David Klein, Chaim Intrater, Avrohom Lieber[38]
Friends of Mosdos Sanz of Safad 292396 23 Elmcroft Avenue, London NW11 0RS 20 August 1985 Year to 30 April 2026: income £10,316; spending £10,030 Philip Feldman, Barry Bodner, Rabbi D. Halpern[39]
Laniado Hospital UK (company 06267928) 1126356 Shield House, Harmony Way, London NW4 2BZ 20 October 2008 Year to 31 December 2024: income £797,817; spending £817,183 Solomon Unsdorfer, Andrew Benjamin Stern, Israel Jeremy Kohn[40][41]

Friends of Sanz Institutions is a grant-maker working in England, Israel and the United States. The Sanz Foundation works in Salford and Israel. Friends of Mosdos Sanz of Safad supports Sanz schools in Israel.[36][37][39] Laniado Hospital UK funds capital spending at the hospital in Netanya. In 2011 it received the funds of The Friends of the Laniado Hospital (charity 267133), which had been registered in 1974 and also used the names British Friends of Laniado Hospital and Friends of Laniado UK.[40][42]

Trustees' other roles on the register:

At Companies House, Kohn is recorded as a director of Laniado Hospital UK from 2 September 2011, while the charity register gives 31 October 2011 as the start of his trusteeship.[41][40] His other current directorships include Woodside Care Limited (07454147).[43] Stern's appointments include Hoop Lane Trust (05125382) and Yeshivas Meor Hatorah Limited (06368975).[44] Unsdorfer has 61 appointments on the register, most of them residents' management and property companies.[45]

Several Sanz charities have been removed from the register:

  • Sanz Institutions (285566) was registered in 1982 and removed in 2010 as not operating. Its working names included Beth Hamedrash Sanz Klausenburg.[46]
  • Kolel Iyun Limited (292884), formerly Kolel Iyvn D'Sanz Limited, was registered in 1986 and removed in 2012 when it ceased to exist.[47]
  • Kiryat Sanz Jerusalem Ltd (1112856), a charitable company working in Israel, was registered in 2006 and removed in 2022 when it ceased to exist.[48]

United States

The organisations below carry the Sanz, Zanz, Klausenburg or Laniado name, or are the yeshiva Rabinowicz names (Shearith Hapletah). They are recorded in IRS data published by ProPublica's Nonprofit Explorer. Most are recorded with the IRS foundation code for churches, and ProPublica shows no Form 990 filings for most of them.

American Friends of Kiryat Sanz Laniado Hospital files Form 990s. For 2024 it reported revenue of $2,576,858, expenses of $2,167,354 and assets of $5,481,491.[49] The American Friends body says it was set up in 1972 and gives the EIN 13-2724055; the IRS ruling is dated February 1973.[32][49] The Laniado Development Fund reported revenue of $4,713,913, expenses of $1,880,428 and assets of $3,029,592 for 2023.[50]

US tax-exempt organisations with Sanz, Klausenburg or Laniado names
Organisation EIN Address (register) IRS ruling
Congregation Sanz Inc 52-1591942 318 34th Street, Union City, NJ 07087 January 1989[51]
Colel Avreichim Zanz VC 11-3065400 PO Box 755, Union City, NJ 07087 June 1991[52]
American Friends of Kiryat Sanz Laniado Hospital Inc 13-2724055 261 West 35th Street, Suite 803, New York, NY 10001 February 1973[49]
Laniado Development Fund Inc 83-4291538 1177 48th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219 November 2019[50]
Sanz International Institutions Inc 20-0232057 2 Melnick Drive, Suite D, Monsey, NY 10952 December 2004[53]
Sanz Klausenberg Inc 88-2459222 1274 49th Street, Suite 142, Brooklyn, NY 11219 October 2022[54]
Mosdos Klausenburg Inc 11-2871252 620 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11211 September 1987[55]
Yad Veizer Sanz Klausenberg 20-1614898 1349 50th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219 May 2005[56]
Congregation Gemach Sanz Klausenberg Inc 13-3991123 PO Box 786, Monsey, NY 10952 June 1998[57]
Congregation Kolel Sanz Klausenberg Inc 13-3991117 PO Box 93, Tallman, NY 10982 June 1998[58]
Yeshivas Sanz Klauzenburg 20-3152979 1353 50th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219 June 2006[59]
Cong Kollel Sanz Klausenburg Inc 26-2141357 1570 50th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219 December 2013[60]
Congregation Sanz Klausenborg of Monsey Inc 13-3045217 58 Main Street, Monsey, NY 10952 May 2022[61]
Mosdos Sanz Klausenburg of Monsey 13-4114563 PO Box 1275, Monsey, NY 10952 May 2000[62]
Yeshiva L Tzeerim Sanz Klausenburg Inc 11-2870507 1412 50th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11219 September 1987[63]
Keren Habinyon Yeshivath Zanz 83-0359752 PO Box 190873, Brooklyn, NY 11219 November 2003[64]
Yeshivath Shearith Hapletah 11-6038985 131 Lee Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11211 August 1949[65]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 David Assaf, Sandz Hasidic Dynasty YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe, accessed 28 October 2026.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 58.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 59.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 Biography United Sanz (Sanz institutions fundraising website), accessed 28 October 2026.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 53.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 55.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Samuel C. Heilman, "Satmar: Succession Charged with Conflict" in Who Will Lead Us? The Story of Five Hasidic Dynasties in America, Oakland: University of California Press, 2017, ISBN 9780520277236, p. 177.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 67.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 68.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 62.
  11. ↑ Samuel C. Heilman, "Satmar: Succession Charged with Conflict" in Who Will Lead Us? The Story of Five Hasidic Dynasties in America, Oakland: University of California Press, 2017, ISBN 9780520277236, p. 155.
  12. ↑ Samuel C. Heilman, "Final Thoughts" in Who Will Lead Us? The Story of Five Hasidic Dynasties in America, Oakland: University of California Press, 2017, ISBN 9780520277236, p. 268.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Samuel C. Heilman, "Bobov: A Clash of Families" in Who Will Lead Us? The Story of Five Hasidic Dynasties in America, Oakland: University of California Press, 2017, ISBN 9780520277236, p. 96.
  14. ↑ Samuel C. Heilman, "Boyan and Kopyczynitz: Running Out of Rebbes" in Who Will Lead Us? The Story of Five Hasidic Dynasties in America, Oakland: University of California Press, 2017, ISBN 9780520277236, p. 88.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Jacob Solomon, A look at the synagogues in Netanya The Jerusalem Post, 27 April 2024, accessed 28 October 2026.
  16. ↑ Michael K. Silber, Sighet Marmaţiei YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe, accessed 28 October 2026.
  17. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 60.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 61.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 63.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 64.
  21. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 66.
  22. ↑ David Biale, David Assaf, Benjamin Brown, Uriel Gellman, Samuel C. Heilman, Moshe Rosman, Gadi Sagiv and Marcin Wodziński, Hasidism: A New History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018, p. 727.
  23. ↑ David Biale, David Assaf, Benjamin Brown, Uriel Gellman, Samuel C. Heilman, Moshe Rosman, Gadi Sagiv and Marcin Wodziński, Hasidism: A New History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018, p. 728.
  24. ↑ David Biale, David Assaf, Benjamin Brown, Uriel Gellman, Samuel C. Heilman, Moshe Rosman, Gadi Sagiv and Marcin Wodziński, Hasidism: A New History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018, p. 710.
  25. ↑ David Biale, David Assaf, Benjamin Brown, Uriel Gellman, Samuel C. Heilman, Moshe Rosman, Gadi Sagiv and Marcin Wodziński, Hasidism: A New History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018, p. 664.
  26. ↑ David Biale, David Assaf, Benjamin Brown, Uriel Gellman, Samuel C. Heilman, Moshe Rosman, Gadi Sagiv and Marcin Wodziński, Hasidism: A New History, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018, p. 730.
  27. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 54.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 Sara Schapiro, Remembering Rav Shlomo Goldman, zt"l, Sanz-Zvhiller Rebbe of Union City The Jewish Link, 3 August 2017, accessed 28 October 2026.
  29. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 65.
  30. ↑ Kehillas Sanz Zvhill Mesivta Sanz of Hudson County, accessed 28 October 2026.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 About Laniado Hospital – Sanz Medical Center, accessed 28 October 2026.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 Milestone year American Friends of Laniado Hospital, accessed 28 October 2026.
  33. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 56.
  34. ↑ Tzvi Rabinowicz, Hasidism in Israel: A History of the Hasidic Movement, Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson, 2000, p. 57.
  35. ↑ Founding principles Laniado Hospital – Sanz Medical Center, accessed 28 October 2026.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 Charity Commission, FRIENDS OF SANZ INSTITUTIONS – 328498: full print Charity Commission for England and Wales, accessed 28 October 2026.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Charity Commission, THE SANZ FOUNDATION – 1129656: full print Charity Commission for England and Wales, accessed 28 October 2026.
  38. ↑ Charity Commission, KOLLEL SHEFA CHAIM – 1103727: full print Charity Commission for England and Wales, accessed 28 October 2026.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 Charity Commission, FRIENDS OF MOSDOS SANZ OF SAFAD – 292396: full print Charity Commission for England and Wales, accessed 28 October 2026.
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  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 ProPublica, American Friends of Kiryat Sanz Laniado Hospital Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 13-2724055, accessed 28 October 2026.
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 ProPublica, Laniado Development Fund Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 83-4291538, accessed 28 October 2026.
  51. ↑ ProPublica, Congregation Sanz Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 52-1591942, accessed 28 October 2026.
  52. ↑ ProPublica, Colel Avreichim Zanz VC Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 11-3065400, accessed 28 October 2026.
  53. ↑ ProPublica, Sanz International Institutions Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 20-0232057, accessed 28 October 2026.
  54. ↑ ProPublica, Sanz Klausenberg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 88-2459222, accessed 28 October 2026.
  55. ↑ ProPublica, Mosdos Klausenburg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 11-2871252, accessed 28 October 2026.
  56. ↑ ProPublica, Yad Veizer Sanz Klausenberg Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 20-1614898, accessed 28 October 2026.
  57. ↑ ProPublica, Congregation Gemach Sanz Klausenberg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 13-3991123, accessed 28 October 2026.
  58. ↑ ProPublica, Congregation Kolel Sanz Klausenberg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 13-3991117, accessed 28 October 2026.
  59. ↑ ProPublica, Yeshivas Sanz Klauzenburg Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 20-3152979, accessed 28 October 2026.
  60. ↑ ProPublica, Cong Kollel Sanz Klausenburg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 26-2141357, accessed 28 October 2026.
  61. ↑ ProPublica, Congregation Sanz Klausenborg of Monsey Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 13-3045217, accessed 28 October 2026.
  62. ↑ ProPublica, Mosdos Sanz Klausenburg of Monsey Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 13-4114563, accessed 28 October 2026.
  63. ↑ ProPublica, Yeshiva L Tzeerim Sanz Klausenburg Inc Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 11-2870507, accessed 28 October 2026.
  64. ↑ ProPublica, Keren Habinyon Yeshivath Zanz Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 83-0359752, accessed 28 October 2026.
  65. ↑ ProPublica, Yeshivath Shearith Hapletah Nonprofit Explorer (IRS Exempt Organizations Business Master File data), EIN 11-6038985, accessed 28 October 2026.
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