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[[Image:FrankFuredi.jpg|right|thumb|Frank Furedi, London, 16 July 2007]]
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{{Powerbase:LM network: Resources}}
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[[Image:FrankFuredi.jpg|left|thumb|Frank Furedi, London, 16 July 2007]]
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'''Frank Furedi''' (originally called [[Ferenc Füredi]], Dob 3 May 1947) is professor of sociology at the [[University of Kent]] at Canterbury, UK and a leading associate, perhaps ''the'' leading associate, of the [[LM network]]. He was, under the pseudonym [[Frank Richards]], a leading member of the [[Revolutionary Communist Group]], then, having been expelled from the RCG, the founder and chairman of the [[Revolutionary Communist Tendency]], later the [[Revolutionary Communist Party]] (RCP). The RCP has traversed one of the longest ideological journeys in British politics, moving from the what it described as 'ultra-left', through several incarnations into a broad collection of organisations on the libertarian right wing, including [[Spiked Online]] and the [[Institute of Ideas]]. Furedi continues to be a leading figure in this network of organisations, characterised by a vigorous anti-environmentalist, pro-GM stance, known as the [[LM network]].
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[[File:FORA.tv - Battle of Ideas- The Battle for Truth 1295431619324.png|thumb|right|300px|[[Frank Furedi]] speaks at the [[Battle of Ideas]], organised by the [[Institute of Ideas]] in 2008.  Note the unusual caption naming Furedi as the 'founder' of the [[Revolutionary Communist Party]]]]
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Aside from his academic work, he is frequently quoted in the media as an expert on how our society has become obsessed with risk.  He writes regularly for [[Spiked Online]], and has written several books on the subject, with titles such as ''Paranoid Parenting'', ''Therapy Culture'', and ''Culture of Fear''. He wrote an article about risk culture post September 11, one of only two papers published by [[Global Futures]]. Furedi also writes a column for the [[Times Higher Education]] supplement.<ref>Frank Furedi, [http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=404397 Nine out of ten dogmas], ''Times Higher Education Supplement'', 20-November-2008</ref>
  
'''Frank Furedi''' (originally called [[Ferenc Füredi]], Dob 3 May 1947) is professor of sociology at the [[University of Kent]] at Canterbury, UK. He was, under the pseudonym [[Frank Richards]], a leading member of the [[Revolutionary Communist Group]], then, having been expelled from the RCG, the founder and chairman of the [[Revolutionary Communist Tendency]], later the [[Revolutionary Communist Party]] (RCP). The RCP has traversed one of the longest ideological journeys in British politics, moving from the what it described as 'ultra-left', through several incarnations into a broad collection of organisations on the libertarian right wing, including [[Spiked Online]] and the [[Institute of Ideas]]. Furedi continues to be a leading figure in this network of organisations, characterised by a vigorous anti-environmentalist, pro-GM stance, known as the [[LM network]].
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Furedi has also written under the 'Party' names of [[Frank Richards]] and [[Linda Ryan]].<ref>Juliette Hughes [http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/the-truth-is-downright-dirty/2007/06/01/1180205508019.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 The truth is downright dirty] ''The Age'' (Australia), June 2, 2007</ref> He was born in Hungary in 1947. His family emigrated to Canada after the Soviets crushed the 1956 uprising. He has lived in Britain since the 1970s but remains a Canadian citizen. <ref>Data from Companies House, accessed 19 April 2011</ref> He is married to [[Ann Furedi]].
  
Aside from his academic work, he is frequently quoted in the media as an expert on how our society has become obsessed with risk.  He writes regularly for [[Spiked Online]], and has written several books on the subject, with titles such as ''Paranoid Parenting'', ''Therapy Culture'', and ''Culture of Fear''. He wrote an article about risk culture post September 11, one of only two papers published by [[Global Futures]].
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==Early life==
  
Furedi has also written under the 'Party' names of [[Frank Richards]] and [[Linda Ryan]].<ref>Juliette Hughes [http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/the-truth-is-downright-dirty/2007/06/01/1180205508019.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 The truth is downright dirty] ''The Age'' (Australia), June 2, 2007</ref> He was born in Hungary in 1947. His family emigrated to Canada after the Soviets crushed the 1956 uprising and has lived in Britain since the 1970s.
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===In Quebec and the student movement in the 1960s===
 +
In 2008 Furedi gave the following account of his short career as a student radical:
  
 +
:In October 1967, I returned to McGill University in Montreal for my third year of a political science undergraduate course. Compared with most student activists, I was not particularly radical. However, I had resolved to no longer put up with the tedious political lectures on offer in my course. At this time, political science seemed to have taken refuge in the lifeless, uninspiring models of ‘participation’ and ‘behaviour’. After two years of dull institutional analysis, I was ready for something a bit stronger, a bit more meaningful.
 +
 +
:Without really knowing why, I found myself at the launch meeting of a student Political Science Association. Everyone was talking about the need for a major reorientation of our study programme. Students were demanding a more intellectually stimulating course of political science – one that was more radical and more engaged. Again, I don’t how or why I got up to speak in public for the first time in my life – but by the end of the meeting I found myself elected to the executive of the newly formed PSA. My short career as a student radical was about to begin.
 +
 +
:Campus radicalisation appeared to develop effortlessly. Without very much exertion we organised a series of meetings, and in November 1967 we got the majority of political science students to vote for an occupation of the floor of the building where our teachers’ offices were based. The occupation successfully forced some concessions from the university, and left us all with the impression that taking this kind of direct action was the way forward. More importantly, everyone involved in the occupation experienced a real sense of elation, which further reinforced our conviction that ‘anything and everything is possible’. In the succeeding months, I was involved in a series of strikes and demonstrations, which won the support of large numbers of students and gained some quite considerable media coverage and publicity.
 +
 +
:...I was soon reminded that it was easier to talk about than to realise change. In August 1968, the so-called Prague Spring was brought to an end through the exercise of Soviet military power. The popular movement for democracy, which showed so much potential, was swiftly repressed. Anything was not possible, it seemed, in Eastern Europe – or in the West, either, as I would soon discover.<ref name="Frank"> Frank Furedi  [http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/reviewofbooks_article/5020/ My 1968: The rise of radicalism and the fall of authority].  ''Spiked'' Review of Books, Issue 12, April 2008</ref>
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 +
It was the crushing of the Prague Spring that turned Furedi away from student radicalism.  In the telling of the story in 2008 he emphasises that it was the lifestyle politics that put him off, the obsession with individual transcendance as opposed to material change:
 +
 +
:After Prague, I ceased to think of myself as a student radical. As a child, I lived through the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, which means I experienced the crushing of the Prague experiment as an intensely familiar tragedy. All of a sudden, Sixties radicalism appeared empty of ideas, and I started to find its rhetoric extremely irritating. With the ascendancy of lifestyle politics, it was difficult to avoid noting the powerful anti-intellectual currents that sprung from the soul of Sixties radicalism. I wasn’t interested in ‘changing my head’ – I wanted to change the world around me.<ref name="Frank"/>
 +
 +
But for Furedi, changing the world did not mean re-engaging with the movement. It meant as he says in his next sentence: 'So at the end of the Sixties, I began to sense that rather than talk the talk, I had to sort out my ideas.'<ref name="Frank"/> And it was to ideas that he looked for the next four years.  Indeed, arguably, it was ideas which he came to see were the motor force of revolutionary change and which formed the basis for the programme of the [[Revolutionary Communist Tendency]] in 1977/78.
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===To London - 1969===
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Furedi moved to London in 1969 at the age of 22 and undertook an MA in African Politics at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]] in 1969/70.  Between 1970 and 1974 again at SOAS he studied for a PhD Titled: The Mau Mau Revolt in Perspective<ref>University of Kent [http://www.kent.ac.uk/sspssr/staff/academic/furedi/cv-mar08.pdf Frank Furedi, CV, March 2008], accessed 18 January 2011</ref>.  His work led to early academic publications on popular movements and land reform in Kenya in 1973-4.<ref>[[Frank Furedi]], [http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=3235664 'The African Crowd in Nairobi: Popular Movements and Elite Politics'], ''Journal of African History'', Volume: 14, Issue: 2, Pages: 275-290, Published: 1973; [[Frank Furedi]], 'The Development of Anti-Asian Opinion Among Africans in Nakuru District, Kenya', ''African Affairs'', Volume: 73, Issue: 292, Pages: 347-360, Published: 1974; [[Frank Furedi]], 'Nation Building in Kenya - Role of Land Reform', ''Journal of African History'', Volume: 15, Issue: 1, Pages: 165-166, Published: 1974.</ref> At some point between 1969 and Spring 1973 Furedi joined the [[International Socialists]] and was expelled along with the rest of the faction known as the 'Right Opposition' in spring 1973.<ref name="Callinicos">Alex Callinicos '[http://www.scribd.com/doc/48322905/Callinicos-Abstract-Propagandism-1981 Politics or Abstract Propagandism?]' ''International Socialism'', 2(11), Winter 1981, p.120.</ref>  The grouping called itself the 'Revolutionary Oppostition'.<ref name="Richards">[[Frank Richards]], '[http://www.scribd.com/doc/166982212/Frank-Richards-The-IS-and-Centrism-Revolutionary-Communist-No-1-1975-p-14-26 The International Socialists and Centrism: the Re-emergence of Economism]', ''Revolutionary Communist: Theoretical Journal of the Revolutionary Communist Group'', Issue 1, January 1975, p. 14. </ref>
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Furedi's faction claimed that the IS had an 'economistic' perspective.<ref name="Richards"/> According to leading IS members the faction that became the RCT espoused a kind of 'paleo-Marxism' which displayed 'an obsession with the letter of the marxist classics which often lost sight of the method which informed these works'.<ref name="Callinicos"/> According to the account of [[Alex Callinicos]] this faction:
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 +
:were highly critical of mere involvement in the practical struggles of the day(the greatest Britain had seen since the 1920s) and argued that priority should be accorded to the formulation of the correct marxist programme; practically,they were highly suspicious of any attempt to modify the organisation's geographical structure by introducing factory branches and were afraid that an influx of workers into IS would dilute its politics (none too hot at the best of times, on their account). After an internal debate notable for its abstruseness (one of the main issues rested on the interpretation of ''Capital'' Volume 3 and the IS bulletin was for a time full of simultaneous equations) IS and the Right Opposition parted company.<ref name="Callinicos"/>
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===Furedi's exit from the RCG===
 +
In 1975 Furedi (using the name [[Frank Richards]]) was listed as a member of the editorial board of the RCG theoretical journal ''[[Revolutionary Communist]]'' at the time of issue number two dated May 1975.
  
 
[[Image:Furedi Civitas Curriculum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Frank Furedi]] in a pamphlet published by the neo-con connected think tank [[Civitas]].  The pamphlet also featured articles by moral conservative stalwart [[Robert Whelan]] and [[LM network]] associate [[Alex Standish]]]]
 
[[Image:Furedi Civitas Curriculum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Frank Furedi]] in a pamphlet published by the neo-con connected think tank [[Civitas]].  The pamphlet also featured articles by moral conservative stalwart [[Robert Whelan]] and [[LM network]] associate [[Alex Standish]]]]
 
[[Image:Furedi Centre for Policy Studies.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Furedi writing for the Thatcherite [[Centre for Policy Studies]].  Apparently no contradiction for a former Marxist or a contemporary liberal humanist]]
 
[[Image:Furedi Centre for Policy Studies.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Furedi writing for the Thatcherite [[Centre for Policy Studies]].  Apparently no contradiction for a former Marxist or a contemporary liberal humanist]]
==Education, Career, Affiliations, Company Directorships, Resources, Contact, Motes==
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==Education, Career, Affiliations, Company Directorships, Resources, Contact, Notes==
 
===Education===
 
===Education===
 
*1965-69 McGill University, BA Political Science
 
*1965-69 McGill University, BA Political Science
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===Affiliations===
 
===Affiliations===
*[[Manifesto Club]] | [[Living Marxism]] | [[LM group]] | [[Revolutionary Communist Tendency]] | [[Revolutionary Communist Party]] | [[Civitas]] has written for them including after receipt of funding from the [[Nigel Lord Vinson Charitable Trust]] |  [[Centre for Policy Studies]] - has written for them |  
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*[[Manifesto Club]] | [[Living Marxism]] | [[LM group]] | [[Revolutionary Communist Tendency]] | [[Revolutionary Communist Party]] | [[Civitas]] has written for them including after receipt of funding from the [[Nigel Lord Vinson Charitable Trust]] |  [[Centre for Policy Studies]] - has written for them | [[Lanesborough Lunch]] The inaugural event (20/5/99) of this tobacco industry funded series was addressed by [[Frank Furedi]].<ref name="Furedi">Frank Furedi 'Litigious Britain: Consolation and the  compensation culture' [http://replay.waybackmachine.org/20071019084156/http://www.riskoffreedom.com/pdf_archive/01briefing.pdf The Risk of Freedom Briefing], Issue No. 1 October 1999, p. 3.</ref>
 
===Company directorships===
 
===Company directorships===
 
*[[Spiked]] - Director from 5 September 2000 and Shareholder | [[Twymans Mill Management Company Limited]] Appointed 19 May 2003, company dissolved 31 August 2004 | [[Open Dialogue]], Appointed 19 February 1998, Resigned 7 February 2003 | [[Inter-Generation]] Appointed 22 April 2008<ref>Data from Companies House, accessed 22 November 2010</ref> |
 
*[[Spiked]] - Director from 5 September 2000 and Shareholder | [[Twymans Mill Management Company Limited]] Appointed 19 May 2003, company dissolved 31 August 2004 | [[Open Dialogue]], Appointed 19 February 1998, Resigned 7 February 2003 | [[Inter-Generation]] Appointed 22 April 2008<ref>Data from Companies House, accessed 22 November 2010</ref> |
==Publications By Furedi==
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===Publications By Furedi===
''See main article'': [[Frank Furedi: List of Publications]]
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''See main articles'':
==Resources==
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::[[Frank Furedi: List of Publications]]
 +
::[[Frank Furedi - Book and Publication Reviews]]
 +
::[[Frank Furedi: Articles in the Social Science Citation Index]]
 +
::[[Frank Furedi: Academic influence‎]]
 +
::[[Frank Furedi: Citations]]
 +
===Resources===
 
===Contact Details===
 
===Contact Details===
 
:Website: [http://www.frankfuredi.com/ www.frankfuredi.com]
 
:Website: [http://www.frankfuredi.com/ www.frankfuredi.com]
Line 34: Line 67:
  
 
===General Articles===
 
===General Articles===
*George Monbiot, "[http://www.monbiot.com/dsp_article.cfm?article_id=266 Far Left or Far Right?]", ''Prospect Magazine'', November 1998.
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*George Monbiot, "[http://www.monbiot.com/1998/11/01/far-left-or-far-right/ Far Left or Far Right?]", ''Prospect Magazine'', November 1998.
 
*[http://www.gmwatch.org/profile1.asp?PrId=78 Living Marxism profile], GM Watch, accessed Dec 2003.
 
*[http://www.gmwatch.org/profile1.asp?PrId=78 Living Marxism profile], GM Watch, accessed Dec 2003.
 
*David Pallister, John Vidal and Kevin Maguire, "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,341053,00.html Life after Living Marxism: Banning the bans]", ''The Guardian'', July 8, 2000.
 
*David Pallister, John Vidal and Kevin Maguire, "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,341053,00.html Life after Living Marxism: Banning the bans]", ''The Guardian'', July 8, 2000.
Line 44: Line 77:
 
* Brendan O'Neill, "[http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/3132/ 'Humanising politics – that is my only agenda']", ''Spiked Online'', April 25, 2007.
 
* Brendan O'Neill, "[http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/3132/ 'Humanising politics – that is my only agenda']", ''Spiked Online'', April 25, 2007.
  
==Notes==
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===Notes===
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
 
[[Category:LM network|Furedi, Frank]][[Category:GM|Furedi, Frank]]
 
[[Category:LM network|Furedi, Frank]][[Category:GM|Furedi, Frank]]

Latest revision as of 13:17, 10 September 2013

LM network resources
Frank Furedi, London, 16 July 2007

Frank Furedi (originally called Ferenc Füredi, Dob 3 May 1947) is professor of sociology at the University of Kent at Canterbury, UK and a leading associate, perhaps the leading associate, of the LM network. He was, under the pseudonym Frank Richards, a leading member of the Revolutionary Communist Group, then, having been expelled from the RCG, the founder and chairman of the Revolutionary Communist Tendency, later the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP). The RCP has traversed one of the longest ideological journeys in British politics, moving from the what it described as 'ultra-left', through several incarnations into a broad collection of organisations on the libertarian right wing, including Spiked Online and the Institute of Ideas. Furedi continues to be a leading figure in this network of organisations, characterised by a vigorous anti-environmentalist, pro-GM stance, known as the LM network.

Frank Furedi speaks at the Battle of Ideas, organised by the Institute of Ideas in 2008. Note the unusual caption naming Furedi as the 'founder' of the Revolutionary Communist Party

Aside from his academic work, he is frequently quoted in the media as an expert on how our society has become obsessed with risk. He writes regularly for Spiked Online, and has written several books on the subject, with titles such as Paranoid Parenting, Therapy Culture, and Culture of Fear. He wrote an article about risk culture post September 11, one of only two papers published by Global Futures. Furedi also writes a column for the Times Higher Education supplement.[1]

Furedi has also written under the 'Party' names of Frank Richards and Linda Ryan.[2] He was born in Hungary in 1947. His family emigrated to Canada after the Soviets crushed the 1956 uprising. He has lived in Britain since the 1970s but remains a Canadian citizen. [3] He is married to Ann Furedi.

Early life

In Quebec and the student movement in the 1960s

In 2008 Furedi gave the following account of his short career as a student radical:

In October 1967, I returned to McGill University in Montreal for my third year of a political science undergraduate course. Compared with most student activists, I was not particularly radical. However, I had resolved to no longer put up with the tedious political lectures on offer in my course. At this time, political science seemed to have taken refuge in the lifeless, uninspiring models of ‘participation’ and ‘behaviour’. After two years of dull institutional analysis, I was ready for something a bit stronger, a bit more meaningful.
Without really knowing why, I found myself at the launch meeting of a student Political Science Association. Everyone was talking about the need for a major reorientation of our study programme. Students were demanding a more intellectually stimulating course of political science – one that was more radical and more engaged. Again, I don’t how or why I got up to speak in public for the first time in my life – but by the end of the meeting I found myself elected to the executive of the newly formed PSA. My short career as a student radical was about to begin.
Campus radicalisation appeared to develop effortlessly. Without very much exertion we organised a series of meetings, and in November 1967 we got the majority of political science students to vote for an occupation of the floor of the building where our teachers’ offices were based. The occupation successfully forced some concessions from the university, and left us all with the impression that taking this kind of direct action was the way forward. More importantly, everyone involved in the occupation experienced a real sense of elation, which further reinforced our conviction that ‘anything and everything is possible’. In the succeeding months, I was involved in a series of strikes and demonstrations, which won the support of large numbers of students and gained some quite considerable media coverage and publicity.
...I was soon reminded that it was easier to talk about than to realise change. In August 1968, the so-called Prague Spring was brought to an end through the exercise of Soviet military power. The popular movement for democracy, which showed so much potential, was swiftly repressed. Anything was not possible, it seemed, in Eastern Europe – or in the West, either, as I would soon discover.[4]

It was the crushing of the Prague Spring that turned Furedi away from student radicalism. In the telling of the story in 2008 he emphasises that it was the lifestyle politics that put him off, the obsession with individual transcendance as opposed to material change:

After Prague, I ceased to think of myself as a student radical. As a child, I lived through the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, which means I experienced the crushing of the Prague experiment as an intensely familiar tragedy. All of a sudden, Sixties radicalism appeared empty of ideas, and I started to find its rhetoric extremely irritating. With the ascendancy of lifestyle politics, it was difficult to avoid noting the powerful anti-intellectual currents that sprung from the soul of Sixties radicalism. I wasn’t interested in ‘changing my head’ – I wanted to change the world around me.[4]

But for Furedi, changing the world did not mean re-engaging with the movement. It meant as he says in his next sentence: 'So at the end of the Sixties, I began to sense that rather than talk the talk, I had to sort out my ideas.'[4] And it was to ideas that he looked for the next four years. Indeed, arguably, it was ideas which he came to see were the motor force of revolutionary change and which formed the basis for the programme of the Revolutionary Communist Tendency in 1977/78.

To London - 1969

Furedi moved to London in 1969 at the age of 22 and undertook an MA in African Politics at the School of Oriental and African Studies in 1969/70. Between 1970 and 1974 again at SOAS he studied for a PhD Titled: The Mau Mau Revolt in Perspective[5]. His work led to early academic publications on popular movements and land reform in Kenya in 1973-4.[6] At some point between 1969 and Spring 1973 Furedi joined the International Socialists and was expelled along with the rest of the faction known as the 'Right Opposition' in spring 1973.[7] The grouping called itself the 'Revolutionary Oppostition'.[8]

Furedi's faction claimed that the IS had an 'economistic' perspective.[8] According to leading IS members the faction that became the RCT espoused a kind of 'paleo-Marxism' which displayed 'an obsession with the letter of the marxist classics which often lost sight of the method which informed these works'.[7] According to the account of Alex Callinicos this faction:

were highly critical of mere involvement in the practical struggles of the day(the greatest Britain had seen since the 1920s) and argued that priority should be accorded to the formulation of the correct marxist programme; practically,they were highly suspicious of any attempt to modify the organisation's geographical structure by introducing factory branches and were afraid that an influx of workers into IS would dilute its politics (none too hot at the best of times, on their account). After an internal debate notable for its abstruseness (one of the main issues rested on the interpretation of Capital Volume 3 and the IS bulletin was for a time full of simultaneous equations) IS and the Right Opposition parted company.[7]

Furedi's exit from the RCG

In 1975 Furedi (using the name Frank Richards) was listed as a member of the editorial board of the RCG theoretical journal Revolutionary Communist at the time of issue number two dated May 1975.

Frank Furedi in a pamphlet published by the neo-con connected think tank Civitas. The pamphlet also featured articles by moral conservative stalwart Robert Whelan and LM network associate Alex Standish
Furedi writing for the Thatcherite Centre for Policy Studies. Apparently no contradiction for a former Marxist or a contemporary liberal humanist

Education, Career, Affiliations, Company Directorships, Resources, Contact, Notes

Education

  • 1965-69 McGill University, BA Political Science
  • 1969-70 School of Oriental and African Studies, MA African Politics
  • 1970-74 School of Oriental and African Studies. Ph.D Research PhD Title: The Mau Mau Revolt in Perspective[9]

Affiliations

Company directorships

Publications By Furedi

See main articles:

Frank Furedi: List of Publications
Frank Furedi - Book and Publication Reviews
Frank Furedi: Articles in the Social Science Citation Index
Frank Furedi: Academic influence‎
Frank Furedi: Citations

Resources

Contact Details

Website: www.frankfuredi.com

Biographical Notes

Interview With Furedi

  • Michael Duffy interviews Frank Furedi, "Paranoid Parenting", Counterpoint, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, February 21, 2005.

General Articles

Notes

  1. Frank Furedi, Nine out of ten dogmas, Times Higher Education Supplement, 20-November-2008
  2. Juliette Hughes The truth is downright dirty The Age (Australia), June 2, 2007
  3. Data from Companies House, accessed 19 April 2011
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Frank Furedi My 1968: The rise of radicalism and the fall of authority. Spiked Review of Books, Issue 12, April 2008
  5. University of Kent Frank Furedi, CV, March 2008, accessed 18 January 2011
  6. Frank Furedi, 'The African Crowd in Nairobi: Popular Movements and Elite Politics', Journal of African History, Volume: 14, Issue: 2, Pages: 275-290, Published: 1973; Frank Furedi, 'The Development of Anti-Asian Opinion Among Africans in Nakuru District, Kenya', African Affairs, Volume: 73, Issue: 292, Pages: 347-360, Published: 1974; Frank Furedi, 'Nation Building in Kenya - Role of Land Reform', Journal of African History, Volume: 15, Issue: 1, Pages: 165-166, Published: 1974.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 Alex Callinicos 'Politics or Abstract Propagandism?' International Socialism, 2(11), Winter 1981, p.120.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Frank Richards, 'The International Socialists and Centrism: the Re-emergence of Economism', Revolutionary Communist: Theoretical Journal of the Revolutionary Communist Group, Issue 1, January 1975, p. 14.
  9. University of Kent Frank Furedi, CV, March 2008, accessed 18 January 2011
  10. Frank Furedi 'Litigious Britain: Consolation and the compensation culture' The Risk of Freedom Briefing, Issue No. 1 October 1999, p. 3.
  11. Data from Companies House, accessed 22 November 2010