Difference between revisions of "Gerald Howarth"

From Powerbase
Jump to: navigation, search
m
 
(43 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
[[Image:Gerald Howarth.jpg|thumb|right|Gerald Howarth]]'''(James) Gerald (Douglas) Howarth''' (born 12 September 1947) known as '''Gerald Howarth''' is a Conservative MP and right-wing operatives. He is a former banker and pro-apartheid campaigner.
+
{{Template:Brexit badge}}[[Image:Gerald Howarth.jpg|thumb|right|Gerald Howarth]]'''(James) Gerald (Douglas) Howarth''' (born 12 September 1947) known as '''Gerald Howarth''' is a former [[Conservative Party]] MP and right-wing operative. In May 2010, he was appointed parliamentary under secretary of state for the [[Ministry of Defence]] with the title of Minister for International Security Strategy.<ref>[http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/AboutDefence/People/Ministers/MinisterForInternationalSecurityStrategy.htm Minister for International Security Strategy], Ministry of Defence, accessed 26 October 2011.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-19472688 Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job], BBC News, 4 September 2012.</ref> He left the Government in September 2012.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-19472688 Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job], BBC News, 4 September 2012.</ref> He is a former banker and pro-apartheid campaigner.
 +
 
 +
In the 2015 general election, Howarth was re-elected with 51 per cent of the vote and a majority of 14,901. <ref> [http://www.express.co.uk/politics/politicians/conservative/gerald-howarth/325 Gerald Howarth] ''Express'', accessed 15 May 2015 </ref>  He stepped down ahead of the 2017 snap general election called by [[Theresa May]].
 +
 
 +
Howarth was a member of the [[Leave Means Leave]] pro-Brexit lobby group.
  
 
==Biography==
 
==Biography==
−
Howarth was educated at Haileybury and ISC Junior School in Windsor and Bloxham School in Banbury. He read English at the University of Southampton where he served with the University Air Squadron and was commissioned into the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1968. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
+
Howarth was educated at Haileybury and ISC Junior School in Windsor and Bloxham School in Banbury. He read English at the [[University of Southampton]] where he served with the University Air Squadron and was commissioned into the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1968. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
 +
 
 +
===Pro-Apartheid and anti-immigration campaigning===
 +
Since the late 1960s Howarth has been extremely conservative. He supported the American attack on Vietnam, opposed immigration and supported Apartheid in South Africa.
 +
 
 +
In the late 1960s Howarth became General Secretary of the [[Society for Individual Freedom]], <ref>Letter to ''The Times'', Monday, Nov 17, 1969; pg. 11; Issue 57719; col D</ref> an organisation whose chairman had once called for the repatriation of black immigrants. <ref>[http://www.francisbennion.com/pdfs/non-fb/1981/1981-002-nfb-the-boss-hain-trial.pdf Extract] from Gordon Winter, ''Inside Boss'' (Penguin Books Ltd 1981) p.382</ref> According to an account later given by an agent of  The South African [[Bureau Of State Security]] (BOSS): "Most of the people associated with it were eminently respectable, and at least four of them were titled." The author was told by a colleague that: "at least two senior British intelligence operatives are members and it’s almost certainly a British intelligence front organization which is mainly used for disseminating Establishment-type propaganda." <ref>[http://www.francisbennion.com/pdfs/non-fb/1981/1981-002-nfb-the-boss-hain-trial.pdf Extract] from Gordon Winter, ''Inside Boss'' (Penguin Books Ltd 1981) p.382</ref>
 +
 
 +
In 1971 Howarth began a career in international banking whilst remaining active in right-wing politics. He worked for [[Bank of America|Bank of America International Ltd]] (1971-1977), the [[European Arab Bank]] (1977-81) and in 1981 he was appointed Manager, Loan Syndications at [[Standard Chartered Bank]], responsible for arranging major international loans. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
  
−
After university he became General Secretary of the [[Society for Individual Freedom]] and in 1971 he began a career in international banking whilst remaining active in right wing politics. He worked for Bank of America International Ltd (1971-1977), European Arab Bank (1977-81) and in 1981 he was appointed Manager, Loan Syndications at Standard Chartered Bank, responsible for arranging major international loans. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref> From 1973-77 he was the honorary director of [[Freedom Under Law]], an organisation formed to counter the anti-apartheid movement and the boycott campaigns in particular. [[Francis Bennion]], who was also a member of [[Freedom Under Law]], <ref>‘BENNION, Francis Alan Roscoe’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008</ref> in 1972 had brought a private prosecution against the young [[Peter Hain]] for criminal conspiracy in relation to Hain's activities as chairman of the Stop the Seventy Tour Campaign.
+
From 1973-77 he was the honorary director of [[Freedom Under Law]], an organisation formed to counter the anti-apartheid movement and the boycott campaigns in particular. [[Francis Bennion]], who was also a member of [[Freedom Under Law]], <ref>‘BENNION, Francis Alan Roscoe’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008</ref> in 1972 had brought a private prosecution against the young [[Peter Hain]] for criminal conspiracy in relation to Hain's activities as chairman of the Stop the Seventy Tour Campaign.
  
 
In 1975 Howarth and [[Francis Bennion]] established a conservative organisation called the [[Dicey Trust]] to ‘encourage the rule of law’ through lectures and presentations at schools and colleges. <ref>’Trust to back rule of law’, ''The Guardian'', 11  March 1975 pg. 7</ref> Other members of the Trust included the conservative academic [[Antony Flew]] and the Conservative MP [[Rhodes Boyson]]. <ref>’Trust to back rule of law’, ''The Guardian'', 11  March 1975 pg. 7</ref>
 
In 1975 Howarth and [[Francis Bennion]] established a conservative organisation called the [[Dicey Trust]] to ‘encourage the rule of law’ through lectures and presentations at schools and colleges. <ref>’Trust to back rule of law’, ''The Guardian'', 11  March 1975 pg. 7</ref> Other members of the Trust included the conservative academic [[Antony Flew]] and the Conservative MP [[Rhodes Boyson]]. <ref>’Trust to back rule of law’, ''The Guardian'', 11  March 1975 pg. 7</ref>
  
−
In 1982 Howarth was elected a member of Hounslow Borough Council and in 1983 was elected Conservative MP for Cannock and Burntwood. <ref>‘HOWARTH, (James) Gerald (Douglas)’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008</ref> His first official political appointment was as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Michael Spicer MP, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department of Energy (1987-90), then Minister of State for the Department of the Environment (1990-91). Gerald then became PPS to Margaret Thatcher from December 1991 to April 1992. Between 1983 and 1992 he was an officer of the Conservative Parliamentary Aviation Committee, and was a Founder Member of the No Turning Back Group. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
+
In 1982 Howarth was elected a member of Hounslow Borough Council and in 1983 was elected Conservative MP for Cannock and Burntwood. <ref>‘HOWARTH, (James) Gerald (Douglas)’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008</ref>
 +
 
 +
===Attacking the BBC===
 +
Together with fellow Conservative MP [[Neil Hamilton]], Howarth brought a libel action against the [[BBC]] over the [[Panorama]] programme, '[[Maggie's Militant Tendency]]'. The case came to the High Court in October 1986 and the BBC subsequently settled, <ref>Tom O'Malley, ''Closedown?'' (Pluto Press, 1994), p.61</ref> according to the BBC Director-General [[Alasdair Milne]] because he was instructed to by the Governors. It cost the BBC £50,000 in damages and £250,000 in costs after "the governors instructed me to pull out". <ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/knives-are-out-for-the-bbc-bosses-522177.html Knives are out for the BBC bosses], ''Independent'', 9 January 2006</ref> This was followed by a Commons motion signed by 100 Tory MPs calling on the DG to resign. <ref>Tom O'Malley, ''Closedown?'' (Pluto Press, 1994), p.61</ref>
 +
 
 +
The libel action was supported by [[Ralph Harris]], director of the right-wing think-tank the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]]. [[Lord Harris]] has said: 'I remember at the time [[Neil Hamilton|Neil]] [Hamilton] came to me and raised the question of financing the libel action. I managed to raise around £100,000, enabling Neil at the time to go after the BBC.' <ref>quoted in Kim Sengupta, '[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/the-hamilton-affair-the-cost--rightwing-donors-united-by-their-loathing-of-fayed-1134008.html The Hamilton Affair: The cost - Right-wing donors united by their loathing of Fayed]', ''Independent'', 22 December 1999</ref> A major donor to the fund was the right-wing financier [[James Goldsmith|Sir James Goldsmith]]. <ref>Patricia Wynn Davies, '[The Cash-for-Questions Affair: The miners' grandson who found a niche in the right]', Independent, 21 October 1994; p.3</ref>
 +
 
 +
===Political appointments===
 +
His first official political appointment was as Parliamentary Private Secretary to [[Michael Spicer]] MP, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department of Energy (1987-90), then Minister of State for the Department of the Environment (1990-91). He became PPS to Margaret Thatcher from December 1991 to April 1992. Between 1983 and 1992 he was an officer of the Conservative Parliamentary Aviation Committee and was a Founder Member of the [[No Turning Back]] group. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
 +
 
 +
In 1993, a year after losing his seat in Staffordshire, Gerald was selected as the candidate for Aldershot where he succeeded Sir [[Julian Critchley]] in 1997. Since then, he has served on the Home Affairs Select Committee (1997-2001) and as Vice-Chairman of the Defence Select Committee (2001-03). For a while, he was a member of the Executive of the [[1922 Committee]] of Conservative backbenchers. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
 +
 
 +
In 2002, he was appointed as a Shadow Defence Minister with responsibility for defence procurement and the Royal Air Force. In addition to his frontbench duties he was also Convenor (Chairman) of the all party RAF Group, an officer of the [[All-Party Parliamentary Aerospace Group]], Chairman of the [[92 Group]] of Conservative MPs, and an active member of the [[All-Party Parliamentary Kashmir Group]].<ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
 +
 
 +
Howarth was appointed a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the [[Ministry of Defence]] in the incoming coalition government in May 2010.<ref>[http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/her-majestys-government/ Her Majesty's Government], number10.gov.uk, 19 May 2010.</ref> He left the Government in September 2012.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-19472688 Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job], BBC News, 4 September 2012.</ref>
 +
 
 +
==Werritty meeting==
 +
Following the resignation of [[Liam Fox]] as Defence Secretary over his links with [[Adam Werritty]] in October 2011, Fox's successor [[Philip Hammond]] stated that Howarth was one of two junior Ministers who had also met Werritty:
 +
 
 +
::Mr Howarth has met Adam Werritty on three occasions, two of which were large social gatherings. Adam Werritty was also present at a meeting between Mr Howarth and a representative of [[Iraq Research Group|IRG Ltd]] regarding information that could be useful to the Department relating to Iraq. The discussion centred on the economic and political landscape in Iraq. No further contact or action has taken place.<ref>[http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmhansrd/cm111024/text/111024w0001.htm#11102437000036 Defence: Adam Werritty], Written Answers to Questions, Hansard, www.parliament.uk, 24 October 2011.</ref>
 +
 
 +
The ''Guardian'', reported that the IRG representative was [[Stephen Crouch]]:
 +
::Fox arranged for Crouch to meet Gerald Howarth, the arms sales minister, and Werritty at the Commons. No civil servants were present at the meeting – an apparent breach of the ministerial code. No record of the 27 September meeting was kept, but the MoD said the three men talked about "the economic and political landscape in Iraq".<ref>Rupert Neate, Rajeev Syal and David Leigh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2011/oct/26/cameron-investigation-adam-werritty?CMP=twt_fd Cameron under pressure to renew investigation into Adam Werritty], guardian.co.uk, 26 October 2011.</ref>
 +
 
 +
==Views==
 +
On Muslims:
 +
 
 +
<blockquote style="background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt">"If they don't like our way of life, there is a simple remedy: go to another country, get out. There are plenty of other countries whose way of life would appear to be more conducive to what they aspire to. They would be happy and we would be happy" - Gerald Howarth, 2005 <ref>Gerri Peev, '[http://news.scotsman.com/latestnews/Muslims-who-hate-us-can.2648548.jp Muslims who hate us can get out, says Tory'], ''The Scotsman'', 3 August 2005</ref></blockquote>
  
−
In 1993, a year after losing his seat in Staffordshire, Gerald was selected as the candidate for Aldershot where he succeeded Sir Julian Critchley in 1997. Since then, he has served on the Home Affairs Select Committee (1997-2001) and as Vice-Chairman of the Defence Select Committee (2001-03). For a while he was a member of the Executive of the 1922 Committee of Conservative backbenchers. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
+
==Affiliations==
 +
*[[Tackling Terrorism All-Party Parliamentary Group]]
 +
*[[All-Party Parliamentary Group on Freedom of Religion or Belief]] <ref>[https://freedomdeclared.org/about/appg/ 'Freedom Declared: Who we are'], Freedom Declared website, undated, accessed 6 November 2015 </ref>
 +
*[[All-Party Parliamentary Group on "Honour" Based Abuse]] - Vice-chair<ref name="November">[http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/151113/honour-based-abuse..htm Honour Based Abuse APPG],''www.parliament.uk'', accessed 18 November 2015</ref>
 +
*[[All-Party Parliamentary Group on Egypt]] - Chair<ref>[http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/151113/egypt.htm Egypt APPG], ''www.parliament.uk'', accessed 19 November 2015</ref>
 +
*[[Associate Parliamentary Aerospace Group]] - Co-secretary <ref>[http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmallparty/160203/aerospace.htm Aerospace APPG Register Feb 16], ''www.parliament.uk'', accessed 17 February 2016</ref>
  
−
Since 2002 he has served as a Shadow Defence Minister with responsibility for defence procurement and the Royal Air Force. In addition to his frontbench duties Gerald is also Convenor (Chairman) of the all party RAF Group, an officer of the Parliamentary Aerospace Group, Chairman of the 92 Group of Conservative MPs, and an active member of the all-party Kashmir group. <ref>geraldhoward.org.uk, [http://www.geraldhowarth.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&ID=12 About Gerald] (accessed 21 January 2009)</ref>
+
==External resources==
 +
*LevelBusiness [http://www.levelbusiness.com/doc/person/uk/00990099 JAMES GERALD DOUGLAS HOWARTH MP]
 +
*Rupert Neate, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2011/oct/25/defence-minister-met-firm-funding-werritty Defence minister Gerald Howarth met firm funding Werritty trips], guardian.co.uk, 25 October 2011.
 +
*Rupert Neate, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2011/oct/26/labour-demands-inquiry-adam-werritty Labour demands inquiry into second minister's links to Adam Werritty], guardian.co.uk, 26 October 2011.
  
 
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
−
[[Cateogry:Politician|Howarth, Gerald]]
+
[[Category:Old Haileyburians|Howarth, Gerald]][[Category:MP|Howarth, Gerald]] [[Category:British Politician|Howarth, Gerald]]

Latest revision as of 08:45, 28 December 2017

Brexit badge.png Part of the Powerbase Brexit Portal.
Gerald Howarth

(James) Gerald (Douglas) Howarth (born 12 September 1947) known as Gerald Howarth is a former Conservative Party MP and right-wing operative. In May 2010, he was appointed parliamentary under secretary of state for the Ministry of Defence with the title of Minister for International Security Strategy.[1][2] He left the Government in September 2012.[3] He is a former banker and pro-apartheid campaigner.

In the 2015 general election, Howarth was re-elected with 51 per cent of the vote and a majority of 14,901. [4] He stepped down ahead of the 2017 snap general election called by Theresa May.

Howarth was a member of the Leave Means Leave pro-Brexit lobby group.

Biography

Howarth was educated at Haileybury and ISC Junior School in Windsor and Bloxham School in Banbury. He read English at the University of Southampton where he served with the University Air Squadron and was commissioned into the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1968. [5]

Pro-Apartheid and anti-immigration campaigning

Since the late 1960s Howarth has been extremely conservative. He supported the American attack on Vietnam, opposed immigration and supported Apartheid in South Africa.

In the late 1960s Howarth became General Secretary of the Society for Individual Freedom, [6] an organisation whose chairman had once called for the repatriation of black immigrants. [7] According to an account later given by an agent of The South African Bureau Of State Security (BOSS): "Most of the people associated with it were eminently respectable, and at least four of them were titled." The author was told by a colleague that: "at least two senior British intelligence operatives are members and it’s almost certainly a British intelligence front organization which is mainly used for disseminating Establishment-type propaganda." [8]

In 1971 Howarth began a career in international banking whilst remaining active in right-wing politics. He worked for Bank of America International Ltd (1971-1977), the European Arab Bank (1977-81) and in 1981 he was appointed Manager, Loan Syndications at Standard Chartered Bank, responsible for arranging major international loans. [9]

From 1973-77 he was the honorary director of Freedom Under Law, an organisation formed to counter the anti-apartheid movement and the boycott campaigns in particular. Francis Bennion, who was also a member of Freedom Under Law, [10] in 1972 had brought a private prosecution against the young Peter Hain for criminal conspiracy in relation to Hain's activities as chairman of the Stop the Seventy Tour Campaign.

In 1975 Howarth and Francis Bennion established a conservative organisation called the Dicey Trust to ‘encourage the rule of law’ through lectures and presentations at schools and colleges. [11] Other members of the Trust included the conservative academic Antony Flew and the Conservative MP Rhodes Boyson. [12]

In 1982 Howarth was elected a member of Hounslow Borough Council and in 1983 was elected Conservative MP for Cannock and Burntwood. [13]

Attacking the BBC

Together with fellow Conservative MP Neil Hamilton, Howarth brought a libel action against the BBC over the Panorama programme, 'Maggie's Militant Tendency'. The case came to the High Court in October 1986 and the BBC subsequently settled, [14] according to the BBC Director-General Alasdair Milne because he was instructed to by the Governors. It cost the BBC £50,000 in damages and £250,000 in costs after "the governors instructed me to pull out". [15] This was followed by a Commons motion signed by 100 Tory MPs calling on the DG to resign. [16]

The libel action was supported by Ralph Harris, director of the right-wing think-tank the Institute of Economic Affairs. Lord Harris has said: 'I remember at the time Neil [Hamilton] came to me and raised the question of financing the libel action. I managed to raise around £100,000, enabling Neil at the time to go after the BBC.' [17] A major donor to the fund was the right-wing financier Sir James Goldsmith. [18]

Political appointments

His first official political appointment was as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Michael Spicer MP, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department of Energy (1987-90), then Minister of State for the Department of the Environment (1990-91). He became PPS to Margaret Thatcher from December 1991 to April 1992. Between 1983 and 1992 he was an officer of the Conservative Parliamentary Aviation Committee and was a Founder Member of the No Turning Back group. [19]

In 1993, a year after losing his seat in Staffordshire, Gerald was selected as the candidate for Aldershot where he succeeded Sir Julian Critchley in 1997. Since then, he has served on the Home Affairs Select Committee (1997-2001) and as Vice-Chairman of the Defence Select Committee (2001-03). For a while, he was a member of the Executive of the 1922 Committee of Conservative backbenchers. [20]

In 2002, he was appointed as a Shadow Defence Minister with responsibility for defence procurement and the Royal Air Force. In addition to his frontbench duties he was also Convenor (Chairman) of the all party RAF Group, an officer of the All-Party Parliamentary Aerospace Group, Chairman of the 92 Group of Conservative MPs, and an active member of the All-Party Parliamentary Kashmir Group.[21]

Howarth was appointed a Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Ministry of Defence in the incoming coalition government in May 2010.[22] He left the Government in September 2012.[23]

Werritty meeting

Following the resignation of Liam Fox as Defence Secretary over his links with Adam Werritty in October 2011, Fox's successor Philip Hammond stated that Howarth was one of two junior Ministers who had also met Werritty:

Mr Howarth has met Adam Werritty on three occasions, two of which were large social gatherings. Adam Werritty was also present at a meeting between Mr Howarth and a representative of IRG Ltd regarding information that could be useful to the Department relating to Iraq. The discussion centred on the economic and political landscape in Iraq. No further contact or action has taken place.[24]

The Guardian, reported that the IRG representative was Stephen Crouch:

Fox arranged for Crouch to meet Gerald Howarth, the arms sales minister, and Werritty at the Commons. No civil servants were present at the meeting – an apparent breach of the ministerial code. No record of the 27 September meeting was kept, but the MoD said the three men talked about "the economic and political landscape in Iraq".[25]

Views

On Muslims:

"If they don't like our way of life, there is a simple remedy: go to another country, get out. There are plenty of other countries whose way of life would appear to be more conducive to what they aspire to. They would be happy and we would be happy" - Gerald Howarth, 2005 [26]

Affiliations

External resources

Notes

  1. ↑ Minister for International Security Strategy, Ministry of Defence, accessed 26 October 2011.
  2. ↑ Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job, BBC News, 4 September 2012.
  3. ↑ Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job, BBC News, 4 September 2012.
  4. ↑ Gerald Howarth Express, accessed 15 May 2015
  5. ↑ geraldhoward.org.uk, About Gerald (accessed 21 January 2009)
  6. ↑ Letter to The Times, Monday, Nov 17, 1969; pg. 11; Issue 57719; col D
  7. ↑ Extract from Gordon Winter, Inside Boss (Penguin Books Ltd 1981) p.382
  8. ↑ Extract from Gordon Winter, Inside Boss (Penguin Books Ltd 1981) p.382
  9. ↑ geraldhoward.org.uk, About Gerald (accessed 21 January 2009)
  10. ↑ ‘BENNION, Francis Alan Roscoe’, Who's Who 2009, A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008
  11. ↑ ’Trust to back rule of law’, The Guardian, 11 March 1975 pg. 7
  12. ↑ ’Trust to back rule of law’, The Guardian, 11 March 1975 pg. 7
  13. ↑ ‘HOWARTH, (James) Gerald (Douglas)’, Who's Who 2009, A & C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008
  14. ↑ Tom O'Malley, Closedown? (Pluto Press, 1994), p.61
  15. ↑ Knives are out for the BBC bosses, Independent, 9 January 2006
  16. ↑ Tom O'Malley, Closedown? (Pluto Press, 1994), p.61
  17. ↑ quoted in Kim Sengupta, 'The Hamilton Affair: The cost - Right-wing donors united by their loathing of Fayed', Independent, 22 December 1999
  18. ↑ Patricia Wynn Davies, '[The Cash-for-Questions Affair: The miners' grandson who found a niche in the right]', Independent, 21 October 1994; p.3
  19. ↑ geraldhoward.org.uk, About Gerald (accessed 21 January 2009)
  20. ↑ geraldhoward.org.uk, About Gerald (accessed 21 January 2009)
  21. ↑ geraldhoward.org.uk, About Gerald (accessed 21 January 2009)
  22. ↑ Her Majesty's Government, number10.gov.uk, 19 May 2010.
  23. ↑ Cabinet reshuffle: Lansley replaced by Hunt in health job, BBC News, 4 September 2012.
  24. ↑ Defence: Adam Werritty, Written Answers to Questions, Hansard, www.parliament.uk, 24 October 2011.
  25. ↑ Rupert Neate, Rajeev Syal and David Leigh, Cameron under pressure to renew investigation into Adam Werritty, guardian.co.uk, 26 October 2011.
  26. ↑ Gerri Peev, 'Muslims who hate us can get out, says Tory', The Scotsman, 3 August 2005
  27. ↑ 'Freedom Declared: Who we are', Freedom Declared website, undated, accessed 6 November 2015
  28. ↑ Honour Based Abuse APPG,www.parliament.uk, accessed 18 November 2015
  29. ↑ Egypt APPG, www.parliament.uk, accessed 19 November 2015
  30. ↑ Aerospace APPG Register Feb 16, www.parliament.uk, accessed 17 February 2016
Retrieved from "https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Gerald_Howarth&oldid=249853"