Middle East Media Research Institute
Marketing itself as a research institute that "explores the Middle East through the region's media,"[1] the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) translates individually selected non-English articles with the intent of distributing them to media outlets free of charge.[2]
Founded in February 1998 by Meyrav Wurmser and Colonel Yigal Carmon, MEMRI aims to "inform the debate over U.S. policy in the Middle East,"as an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit, 501(c)3 organization.[1] MEMRI has been widely criticized for an alleged bias and ulterior agenda.[2] At one time MEMRI included in its mission statement that through its research "the institute emphasizes the continuing relevance of Zionism to the Jewish people and to the state of Israel,[3] but has since removed this statement. MEMRI is based in Washington, DC, and claims to have branch offices in major cities all over the world. As a 501(c)3 non-profit organization, MEMRI is subsidized by US taxpayers.[2]
Contents
History
MEMRI was founded in 1998 by Meyrav Wurmser and Colonel Yigal Carmon, formerly of Israeli military intelligence. Wurmser left MEMRI in 2002 to join the Center of Middle East Policy at the Hudson Institute. Wurmser's position as executive director was replaced by Steven Stalinsky. All of MEMRI's principal members reportedly harbour hardline pro-Israel views.[4] Analysts argue that MEMRI gained prominence and was able to enforce its legitimacy after the events of 9/11.[4] MEMRI's translations and reports are distributed without charge, and their reports are frequently published in right-wing and neoconservative media outlets. While some analysts argue that MEMRI "could have more impact with a commercial subscription based news service business model,"[5] MEMRI's growing influence in US foreign policy is nevertheless widely acknowledged.
Founders include Romanian born Yigal Carmon who is a reserve colonel in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) (Yigal also served in the IDF/Intelligence Branch from 1968 to 1988), and Meyrav Wurmser, an Israeli-born academic and neoconservative analyst who acknowledged her role (along with other neoconservative) in manufacturing consent for the US war on Iraq in a 2003 BBC documentary.[6] Although MEMRI insists on its objectivity, the deeply political and strongly aligned background of its founders casts doubt on this claim.[4]
People
Principals
- Yigal Carmon - Co-founder, President
- Meyrav Wurmser - Co-founder, Former Executive Director
- Steve Stalinsky - Current Executive Director
- Menahem Milson - Chairman of Board of Advisors
Board of Directors
Board of Advisors
- Bernard Lewis
- James Woolsey
- Elie Wiesel
- Jose Maria Aznar
- Stephen J. Trachtenberg
- John Bolton
- Stuart Eizenstat
- Josef Joffe
- John Ashcroft
- Ehud Barak
- Irwin Cotler
- Mortimer Zuckerman
- Michael Mukasey
- Lafif Lakhdar
- Jana Hybaskova
- Norman Podhoretz
- William Bennett
- Paul Bremer
- Lord George Weidenfeld
- Yehuda Bauer
- Khaled Fouad Allam
- Alfred Moses
- Herb London
- Natan Sharansky
- James Q. Wilson
- Edgar Bronfman
- Max Kampelman
- Yohanan Friedmann
- Ikbal Al-Gharbi]
- Christopher DeMuth
- Khaled Fouad Allam
- Amel Grami
- Lafif Lakhdar
- Shaker Al-Nabulsi
- Magdi Khalil
- Faraj Sarkouhi
- Deborah Lipstadt
Directors/Editor
- Tufail Ahmad - Director of MEMRI’s Urdu-Pashtu Media Project
- Nimrod Raphael - Senior Analyst and editor of MEMRI's Economic Blog
- Mansour Al-Hadj - Director of MEMRI’s Reform in The Arab and Muslim World project
- Stephen D’Ettorre - Director of Government Affairs
Funding
MEMRI's funding first came under scrutiny when it failed to reveal the identity of its staff on its website[2] (the website now includes staff profiles), and due to questions and comments raised by professor Juan Cole in 2004. Although MEMRI claimed to have funds under $2 million, Cole insisted the organization received in the region of $60 million per annum for its operations.[7]
It has been reported that many of the funds received by MEMRI are either not accounted for, or that only the American profits are disclosed. MEMRI is a multinational organization with offices across the world. It is through these offices, Juan Cole maintains, that the estimated $60 million is accumulated.[8]
MEMRI maintains that all its funding comes directly from around 250 private donations and that it does not receive any government funding. Lynde & Harry Bradley Foundation, a right wing organization, donated $100,000 between 1992 and 2000. Ronald & Mary Ann Lachman Foundation is another private donor.
Criticism
- MEMRI is often criticized for "cherry-picking" the articles it translates. A journalist who regularly receives MEMRI translations writes:
- The second thing that makes me uneasy is that the stories selected by Memri for translation follow a familiar pattern: either they reflect badly on the character of Arabs or they in some way further the political agenda of Israel. I am not alone in this unease.[2]
- MEMRI has also been criticized for misrepresenting and inaccurately translating non-English articles. Brian Whittaker emphasizes the importance of accuracy in translation for international relations:
- As far as relations between the west and the Arab world are concerned, language is a barrier that perpetuates ignorance and can easily foster misunderstanding.
- All it takes is a small but active group of Israelis to exploit that barrier for their own ends and start changing western perceptions of Arabs for the worse.[2]
- US academic and Middle East scholar Juan Cole has referred to MEMRI as a "neoconservative organ" due to its founders' political affiliations and links with prominent neoconservative institutions and individuals.
- Cole has also accused the organization of selectivity in their translation and misrepresentation of the actual content they choose to translate. In one case Cole was threatened with a lawsuit by MEMRI (which was never carried out) after Cole argued that MEMRI had misrepresented the meaning of words used by Osama Bin Laden in a video message.[9][7]
- In his response to MEMRI's SLAPP action against him Cole also identified another criticism of MEMRI, namely, that it violates the intellectual property of Arab writers by:
...appropriating their content without paying for it, storing it on their servers, and then claiming copyright in the work as translated! This is a shameful way of proceeding. Where the source articles are published in a country that is signatory to the major international copyright agreements, it may be illegal. All sites dealing in other languages do quote or translate from time to time, which falls under fair use. But MEMRI has a much more systematic set of appropriations going.[7]
Brian Whitaker maintains that MEMRI articles follow a distinct pattern of 'reflecting badly on the character of Arabs or they in some way further the political agenda of Israel.'[2]
Ibrahim Hooper in an interview with the Washington Post claimed; 'Memri's intent is to find the worst possible quotes from the Muslim world and disseminate them as widely as possible.[2]
In response to MEMRI's threats against Juan Cole, US academic and analyst Marc Lynch wrote:
- MEMRI routinely selects articles which show the worst of Arab discourse, even where this represents only a minority of actually expressed opinion, while almost never acknowledging the actual distribution of opinion. As for the Reform Project, it tends to select statements by pro-American reformers who concentrate on criticizing other Arabs, again with little regard for the real debates going on among Arabs. Your selective translations therefore offer a doubly warped perspective on the Arab debates: first, over-emphasizing the presence of radical and noxious voices; and second, over-emphasizing the importance of a small and marginal group of Arabs who share your own prejudices. What you leave out is almost the entire Arab political debate which really matters to Arabs: a lively debate on satellite stations such as al Jazeera and al Arabiya and in the elite Arab press about reform, international relations, political Islam, democracy, and Arab culture which English-speaking readers would greatly benefit from knowing about.[10]
- Former US ambassador in the Middle East William Rugh stated that MEMRI portrays Arabs as hating Jews and refusing any peaceful settlement of Palestine issues:
- "This service does not present a balanced or complete picture of the Arab print media," Rugh said. "Its owners are pro-Israeli and anti-Arab. Quotes are selected to portray Arabs as preaching hatred against Jews and westerners, praising violence and refusing any peaceful settlement of the Palestinian issue."[11]
Users of MEMRI materials (alpha order)
- Jonathan Freedland, The Guardian columnist, writes:
- "On the other hand, few challenge the accuracy of MEMRI's translations: unpalatable though they are, the texts MEMRI finds are all too real."[1]
- Thomas Friedman – New York Times columnist.
- "The role that MEMRI is playing in bringing the voices of the Arab and Muslim Reform – from Arabic into English, to the world – has been absolutely invaluable for everyone who cares about this process and wants to follow it."
- Thomas Friedman, May 6, 2003 [2]
- "The role that MEMRI is playing in bringing the voices of the Arab and Muslim Reform – from Arabic into English, to the world – has been absolutely invaluable for everyone who cares about this process and wants to follow it."
- Kevin Myers – writes for the Irish Times and The Telegraph. He writes:
- "I receive an invaluable service from the Middle East Media Research Institute, which translates material from the region. What is impossible to appreciate without such translations is the sheer scale of genocidal anti-Semitism which infuses Palestinian Authority propaganda.[3]
- "In the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where the ultraextreme sect of Wahhabism is the state religion, various sermons and other declamations were heard, alleging that Allah punished the Hindus, Christians, Buddhists, and non-Wahhabi Muslims of the South Asian countries for their failure to accept Islam, above all in its Saudi form (as recorded and translated by the Middle East Media Research Institute).[4]
- United States Commission on International Religious Freedom 2003 Report on Saudi Arabia (pdf) Eight endnotes credit material to MEMRI or Stalinski.
- "Numerous articles and commentary in the Saudi press are openly anti-Jewish, offensive, and discriminatory: the "Zionist movement" is labeled as evil; blood libel accusations are made; hatred toward Jews is encouraged; Jews are said to be trying to take over the world; and the existence of the Holocaust is denied.[60]
- [60]See multiple translated articles with anti-Semitic and discriminatory language from the Saudi press at the Middle East Media Research Institute ( MEMRI ) Web site: [followed by four links]
- Elie Wiesel – Professional Holocaust survivor (as Uri Avnery refers to him), member of the Irgun Zvei Leumi [5], and professional moralist.
- "I hope you receive MEMRI's publications. I do. I find its material – translations and analyses of poisonous articles, hate-filled statements and slanderous accusations – vitally needed for the fight against antisemitism in the Arab world. Policy makers, legislators, teachers, and news commentators greatly benefit from its efforts to use truth in the service of peace."
- Elie Wiesel, May 22, 2003[6]
- "I hope you receive MEMRI's publications. I do. I find its material – translations and analyses of poisonous articles, hate-filled statements and slanderous accusations – vitally needed for the fight against antisemitism in the Arab world. Policy makers, legislators, teachers, and news commentators greatly benefit from its efforts to use truth in the service of peace."
- James Woolsey – former CIA director
- "… the excellent Middle East Media Research Institute"
-Former CIA director James Woolsey, June 10, 2002 [7]
- "… the excellent Middle East Media Research Institute"
Contact, References and Resources
Contact
The only address provided is one to send donations to and is as follows:
- MEMRI
- P.O. Box 27837
- Washington, DC 20038-7837
- Phone: (202) 955-9070
- Fax: (202) 955-9077
- Website: www.memri.org/, (Accessed 25t April 2006)
- Additional URLs: http://www.memri.info; http://www.memri.net
- MEMRI-TV:http://www.memritv.org/
- MEMRI blog:http://www.thememriblog.org/
- The MEMRI blog on Twitter:http://twitter.com/memrireports
- MEMRI Jihad and Terrorism Threat Monitor:http://www.memrijttm.org/
- MEMRI on Youtube:http://www.youtube.com/user/MEMRITVVideos
- MEMRI on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Middle-East-Media-Research-Institute-MEMRI/14310874716
- MEMRI on Flickr:http://www.flickr.com/people/memri/
Resources
- David Tell, "The Baby Face of Hate -- MEMRI releases an astonishing example of the "true Muslim" faith", The Daily Standard, June 12, 2002.
- Brian Whitaker , Selective Memri, Guardian Unlimited, August 12, 2002. "Investigates whether the 'independent' media institute that translates the Arabic newspapers is quite what it seems."
- Brian Whitaker and Yigal Carmon, "Email debate: Yigal Carmon and Brian Whitaker", Guardian, Jan 23 2004.
- "The truth about MEMRI" from Palestine Media Watch, August 13, 2002.
- Sarah Maserati, "Terror TV / MEMRI brings English-speakers the world of Arab hate", National Review Online, November 14, 2002.
- Craig Cox, "Making a MEMRI", Utne Web Watch, Archives.
- Leah Harris, "A Note on MEMRI & Translations", CounterPunch, 15 January 2003.
- Ori Nir, "Arab Envoys Planning Translation Service / Information Ministers Hope To Counter Success of Memri", Forward, 24 January 2003.
- Mohammed El Oifi, "Gained in translation: Why the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) is a source of English versions of Arabic texts that are designed to mislead and disinform", Le Monde Diplomatique, October 2005.
- CounterPunch News Service, Fake Saddam Interview Put Out By Israel Lobby Catspaw…, CounterPunch, 29 March 2006.
- Brian Whitaker, Arabic under fire, The Guardian, 16 May 2007.
Profiles
- Rightweb Middle East Media Research Institute
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 MEMRI, "About", MEMRI Wesbite, accessed on 28 September 2010
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Brian Whitaker, "Selective MEMRI", Guardian, 12 August 2002
- ↑ MEMRI, "About The Institute: Mission Statement ", MEMRI website (web archive), accessed on 28 September 2010
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Right Web, Profile of Meyrav Wurmser, Right Web, accessed on 19 April 2006
- ↑ IRmep, "America’s Middle East Policy Think Tanks: What Went Wrong?", IRmep website, accessed on 28 September 2010
- ↑ BBC News, Panorama: The War Party, BBC Website, 18 May 2003 (accessed on 28 September 2010
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Juan Cole, "Repressive Memri", AntiWar.com, 24 November 2004
- ↑ Juan Cole, MEMRI Funding, Informed Comment, 24 November 2004
- ↑ Juan Cole, "Osama Threatening Red States?", Antiwar.com, 3 November 2004
- ↑ Marc Lynch, "Dear MEMRI", Abu Aardvark, 24 November 2004
- ↑ Brian Whitaker, "Language Matters", Guardian, 28 September 2005