Andrew Roberts

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Andrew Roberts (born 1963) is a British historian and journalist. [1] He is one of the Founder Members of the neoconservative Israel lobby group The Friends of Israel Initiative. [2]

Early life

The Telegraph describes Roberts' background as follows:

Roberts was born in 1963, the eldest son of a prosperous Surrey businessman, who inherited the Job's Dairy milk business. This he sold to Unilever in 1987, at the very top of the market. But, to the continuing glee of those who wish to mock Roberts, the other source of the family's fortune was a number of franchises for Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurants.[3]

Roberts was educated at Cranleigh School and at a Cambridge crammer.[4]

Cambridge

Roberts took a first class honours degree in Modern History at Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge, where he is an honorary senior scholar.[5] During his time as an undergraduate, Roberts chaired the Cambridge University Conservative Association and led demonstrations against the miners' strike.[6]

Robert Fleming

Following his graduation in 1985, Roberts joined the merchant bankers Robert Fleming. He told the Telegraph that his time there was not a success:

"I was functionally innumerate. After two-and-three-quarter years there, I still couldn't read a balance sheet. All my investments were rubbish. The only time I ever made any money, it was by insider dealing."[7]

MI6 Approach

Roberts was approached in 1987 by a Cambridge contact to join the 'FCO Co-ordinating Staff', a euphemism for MI6. He went through the selection process, but decided not to join. [8]

On the same day he was accepted by MI6, he was offered a £3,000 advance by Weidenfeld & Nicolson to write a biography of Lord Halifax. It was this opportunity which he decided to take up.[9]

Monckton connection

In an 'author's note' to his May 1987 AIDS Report Christopher Monckton thanked 'those who have read the manuscript and have made constructive comments' including Andrew Roberts, of Robert Fleming Securities Ltd.[10]

Journalistic career

After leaving Robert Fleming, Roberts became a leader writer at The Sunday Telegraph, also contributing leaders and articles to The Spectator. Between 1991 and 1994, he was a political commentator for the Daily Mail and a book reviewer for the Spectator and Sunday Telegraph. From 1996 to 1999, he wrote a political column for the Sunday Times.[11]

'Unionist study group' - Friends of the Union

Roberts has been linked to a group of right-wing unionists:

The things that don't matter to Roberts include everything from CrossRail to the conditions of the underclass. D'Ancona is a different creature, surprising for his liberal stance on many issues. He talks passionately about community, the need for improvement in state education and even about the fatwa against Salman Rushdie. But his liberalism does not extend to Northern Ireland. Two weeks ago he was revealed as being associated with a group called the Friends of the Union. Through one of the group's members, David Burnside, a hard-line Unionist who is well connected in Whitehall, he obtained a document that, after publication in the Times, nearly blew up the peace process in Northern Ireland. He was roundly criticised by the press and by Number 10 for irresponsibility.[12]

According to the Mail on Sunday the group was responsible for the leaking of a draft Framework Document in the early stages of the Irish peace process.

Last night it was becoming clear that a caucus of fervent Loyalists under the umbrella of a Unionist study group is closely associated with the leaker. It is made up of PR man David Burnside, D'Ancona himself; Dean Godson, a Daily Telegraph staff reporter; Paul Goodman, Northern Ireland correspondent on the Sunday Telegraph; Noel Malcolm, a historian and Daily Telegraph political columnist; Andrew McHallam, executive director of the Institute for European Defence and Strategic Studies; Charles Moore, editor of the Sunday Telegraph; Simon Pearce, a Conservative election candidate; company director Justin Shaw and historian Andrew Roberts. One of the group said last night: 'We didn't want the position when the framework document was published of being out in the cold as we were over the Anglo-Irish Agreement in 1985. There was a coming together of minds over what should be done.'[13]

Springbok Club

In November 2001, Roberts was guest of honour at a Springbok Club dinner to mark the anniversary of Rhodesia's unilateral declaration of independence. The Club's website gave the following account of the event:

The Springbok Club held a most successful dinner to mark UDI Day in November 2001, when we were most honoured to welcome Mr. Andrew Roberts, the acclaimed historian and author, as our guest of honour. Mr. Roberts gave an inspiring after-dinner speech in which he outlined the history of 19th century British colonial expansionism and the foundation of Rhodesia, detailing the events which made UDI inevitable in 1965, and bringing the story up to date by reminding everyone of the disasters of modern-day Zimbabwe. He finished his speech by proposing a toast to the Springbok Club, which he said he considered the heir to previous imperial achievements.[14]

Roberts' attendance was strongly criticised by journalist Johann Hari:

When I first pointed out this connection, Roberts said he gave a "historical speech", hadn't realised the Springbok Club was a racist organisation, and didn't recall anyone saying anything racist. Wasn't the apartheid flag, and the fact they were there specifically to celebrate the anniversary of a white supremacist declaration, a hint?[15]

Redwood advisor

It is reported that 'in the 1995 Conservative Party leadership election, Roberts ... was a close aide and spokesman for John Redwood.'[16]

Writings

Salisbury biography

Roberts was commissioned by Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 6th Marquess of Salisbury to write the Authorised Life of Robert, Third Marquess of Salisbury.[17][18] He was given free run of the Hatfield Archive at the family's ancestral seat.[19]

What Might Have Been

Roberts edited the 2004 volume What Might Have Been: imaginary history from 12 leading historians.[20] Tristram Hunt suggested that this was an inherently conservative exercise, focussing on the role of powerful individuals: "it is a story of what generals, presidents and revolutionaries did or did not do. The contribution of bureaucracies, ideas or social class is nothing to the personal fickleness of Josef Stalin or the constitution of Franz Ferdinand."[21]

History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900

Roberts' History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900 was the subject of a Heritage Foundation in February 2007.[22]

The book was also the subject of a March 2007 seminar in George W. Bush's White House that was reported by Irwin Stelzer:

Among those joining the president and Roberts at last week's White House lunch were the distinguished Victorian historian Gertrude Himmelfarb, neocon intellectual Norman Podhoretz, Paul Gigot, editor of the Wall Street Journal's influential editorial page, theologian Michael Novak, and a smattering of journalists.[23]

Roberts' account of British concentration camps during the Boer War was strongly criticised by Johann Hari:

Anybody who wishes to can turn to page 31 of the latter book. There, they will find Roberts dismissing the "war crime" against the Boers in scare quotes and referring to the abuse that killed more than 35,000 people as "the supposed ill-treatment of the women and children in camps there."[24]

Views

Jonathan Rutherford identifies Roberts as a successor to Enoch Powell's views on empire and the British geopolitical role:

In recent years a number of right-wing historians have adopted a Powellite, nationalist interpretation of postwar British geopolitics. Two in particular herald an attempt to assert a right-wing hegemony over the history of post war Britain: John Charmley in Churchill's Grand Alliance: The Anglo-American Special Relationship, 1940-57, 1995, and Andrew Roberts in Eminent Churchillians, 1994. This right wing intellectual offensive parallels the fortunes of the Tory right.[25]

On Iraq

Roberts supported the imminent invasion of Iraq in a February 2003 Guardian survey of historians:

In the face of a danger that the left, the Church of England, much of the establishment, the press and the French denied really existed, a lone voice told the truth unashamedly again and again until events forced the rest of the nation to listen. This brave politician faced public obloquy and collapsing political popularity, until he was proved right, when he became the most popular prime minister in recent memory. For Churchill, this apotheosis came in 1940; for Tony Blair, it will come when Iraq is successfully invaded and hundreds of weapons of mass destruction are unearthed from where they have been hidden by Saddam's henchmen.[26]

Affiliations

Connections

Contact

Publications

Books

  • The Holy Fox: A Biography of Lord Halifax, Wiedenfeld & Nicolson , 1991.
  • Eminent Churchillians, Simon & Schuster, 1995.
  • The Aachen Memorandum, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1996.
  • The Authorised Life of Robert, Third Marquis of Salisbury, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999.
  • Napoleon & Wellington, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002.
  • Hitler & Churchill: Secrets of Leadership, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003.
  • Edited What Might Have Been: Imaginary history from 12 leading historians, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004.
  • A History of the English-Speaking Peoples since 1900, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2006.
  • Masters and Commanders: How Churchill, Roosevelt, Alanbrooke and Marshall won the War in the West, Penguin, 2008.
  • Storm of War: A New History of the Second World War, Penguin, 2009.

Selected articles

Resources

Notes

  1. ↑ Andrew Roberts - Curriculum Vitae, accessed 30 December 2007
  2. ↑ PDF Copy of The Friends of Israel Initiative > About > Founder Members <http://www.friendsofisraelinitiative.org/about-advisors.php> created 15 July 2010.
  3. ↑ David Thomas, Churchill, Hitler and me, Telegraph, 11 February 2010.
  4. ↑ David Thomas, Churchill, Hitler and me, Telegraph, 11 February 2010.
  5. ↑ Andrew Roberts - Curriculum Vitae, accessed 30 December 2007
  6. ↑ David Thomas, Churchill, Hitler and me, Telegraph, 11 February 2010.
  7. ↑ David Thomas, Churchill, Hitler and me, Telegraph, 11 February 2010.
  8. ↑ MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service, by Stephen Dorril, Touchstone, 2002, p.783.
  9. ↑ David Thomas, Churchill, Hitler and me, Telegraph, 11 February 2010.
  10. ↑ Christopher Monckton, The Aids Report: An examination of public health policy on AIDS, London: Policy Search, 14 Tufton Street, Westminster, SW1, May 1987.
  11. ↑ Andrew Roberts, Capel & Land, accessed 4 April 2010.
  12. ↑ Henry Porter CHURCHILL'S CHILDREN; Out with Major, Europe, the Welfare State and political correctness - waiting in the wings are the 21st-century Tories whose gameplan for the future has little truck with the present. Henry Porter talks to The Group The Guardian (London) February 22, 1995 SECTION: THE GUARDIAN FEATURES PAGE; Pg. T2
  13. ↑ Mail on Sunday (London)February 5, 1995, Top-level conspirator who'll never be found HISTORIAN: Roberts DIRECTOR: McHallam CONSERVATIVE: Pearce; HOW ULSTER LEAK PLOTTERS BEAT SECURITY TO PROTECT SECRET SOURCE OF LEAK, BYLINE: Adrian Lithgow, SECTION: Pg. 6.
  14. ↑ The Springbok Club, accessed 5 April 2010.
  15. ↑ Johann Hari, Johann Hari: The dark side of Andrew Roberts, Independent on Sunday, 31 July 2009.
  16. ↑ Jonathan Rutherford 'Enoch Powell's Island Story', in Forever England: Reflections on Race, Masculinity and Empire London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2008, p. 138
  17. ↑ Andrew Roberts, Capel & Land, accessed 4 April 2010.
  18. ↑ John Barnes, The Marquess of Salisbury, The Independent, 19 July 2003.
  19. ↑ Jane Ridley, Seeing Salisbury plain, The Spectator, 18 September 1999.
  20. ↑ Parlour games, New Statesman, 26 April 2004.
  21. ↑ Tristram Hunt, Comment & Analysis: Pasting over the past: Far from being a harmless intellectual pursuit, 'what if' history is pushing a dangerous rightwing agenda, The Guardian, 7 April 2004.
  22. ↑ A History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900, Heritage Foundation, accessed 7 April 2010.
  23. ↑ Irwin M. Stelzer, Reader of the Free World, Weekly Standard, 12 March 2007.
  24. ↑ Rule Britannia, The New Republic, 16 April 2007.
  25. ↑ Jonathan Rutherford 'Enoch Powell's Island Story', in Forever England: Reflections on Race, Masculinity and Empire London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2008, p. 138
  26. ↑ Matt Seaton, Blast from the past, The Guardian, 19 February 2003.
  27. ↑ PDF Copy of The Friends of Israel Initiative > About > Founder Members <http://www.friendsofisraelinitiative.org/about-advisors.php> created 15 July 2010.
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