Mossad le-Aliyah Bet
The Mossad le-Aliyah Bet was an organisation founded by the Haganah in 1937 to bring Jewish migrants to Mandate Palestine in violation of British imposed immigration controls.[1][2]
In the final year of the Second World War, MI6 officers in Istanbul, Colonel Harold Gibson and Major Arthur Whittal maintained close links with Aliyah B.[3]
Operation Magic Carpet
In 1948 and 1949, the Near East Aircraft Corporation, an American airline with close ties to the Israeli government flew 50,000 Jews from Aden and Yemen to Israel.[4]
Operation Ezra and Nehemiah
Between 1950 and 1952, Near East Aircraft Corporation flew nearly 150,000 Iraqi Jews to Israel.[5]
Disbandment
Aliya B was disbanded in 1952. Responsibility for covert immigration from Arab countries passed to Mossad under Reuven Shiloah.[6] According to Patrick and Leslie Cockburn, some of its directors then became directors of the Zim shipping line, which took over Aliyah B's fleet.[7]
People
- Shaul Avigur - head[1]
- Amos Manor
- Asher Ben-Natan - Vienna[8]
- Zion Cohen - Iran[9]
- Shlomo Hillel[10]
- Aryeh Eliav[11]
- Nehemiah Levanon[12]
- Yaakov Frank - New York[13]
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Early Operations of Israeli Intelligence, The Jewish Agency for Israel, accessed 18 January 2013.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.19.
- ↑ Stephen Dorril, MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service, Fourth Estate Limited, 2000, p.543.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.36.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.37.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, pp.38-39.
- ↑ Andrew and Leslie Cockburn, Dangerous Liaison, The Bodley Head, 1992, p.23.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.26.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.33.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.36.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.105.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, pp.225-226.
- ↑ Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community, Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.32.
