Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre

UK independent authority for all-source terrorism assessment

Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre
Type	Intelligence assessment centre
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Founded
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Dissolved
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Headquarters	Thames House, London
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Area served
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Website	MI5 JTAC page
Remarks

The Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre (JTAC) is the United Kingdom's independent authority for all-source intelligence assessment on international terrorism. It sets the UK's national terrorism threat level and issues warnings to government, law enforcement, and critical infrastructure. Although based at MI5 headquarters in Thames House and reporting to the Director General of MI5, JTAC's assessments are independent of ministers.

The Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre reports to the head of MI5 although it is not formally part of the Security Service. The MI5 website states:

The Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre, or JTAC, was created as the UK's centre for the analysis and assessment of international terrorism. It was established in June 2003 and is based in the Security Service's headquarters at Thames House in London.

History

JTAC was established in June 2003 following the 11 September 2001 attacks to improve all-source intelligence sharing across the UK intelligence community.

Key timeline

JTAC timeline

Date	Event
June 2003	Established as UK's national centre for international terrorism assessment
2003–present	Sets and reviews national terrorism threat levels
January 2015 – September 2017	Suzanne Raine serves as Head of JTAC
2021	Threat level raised to SEVERE following attacks
February 2022	Lowered to SUBSTANTIAL
April 2026	Current national threat level remains SUBSTANTIAL (an attack is likely)

Function and structure

JTAC is a multi-agency fusion centre drawing staff from MI5, MI6 (SIS), GCHQ, Defence Intelligence, Counter Terrorism Policing, and representatives from government departments including the Home Office, FCDO, and Department for Transport. It assesses intelligence on terrorist capability, intent, and timescale to set threat levels. Threat levels:

LOW: An attack is highly unlikely MODERATE: An attack is possible, but not likely SUBSTANTIAL: An attack is likely SEVERE: An attack is highly likely CRITICAL: An attack is highly likely in the near future

As of April 2026 the national threat level is SUBSTANTIAL.

Spying on students

Vikram Dodd, writing in The Guardian, reported in October 2006:

Lecturers and university staff across Britain are to be asked to spy on "Asian-looking" and Muslim students they suspect of involvement in Islamic extremism and supporting terrorist violence.

The Guardian's source was a Department of Education document. According to Dodd, the document suggests:

checks should be made on external speakers at Islamic society events: "The control of university or college Islamic societies by certain extremist individuals can play a significant role in the extent of Islamist extremism on campus."

The document, Dodd continues,

gives five real-life examples of extremism in universities. The first talks of suspicious computer use by "Asian" students, [and] … it talks of students of "Asian appearance" being suspected extremists.

Sponsoring academic research

This approach is exemplified in the conduct of MI5’s Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre (JTAC). In 2006 the Centre came under fire for its attempts to fund a research initiative through the offices of the Economic and Social Research Council which would examine Muslim communities in Britain. According to the Times Higher Education Supplement, the initiative

provoked a furious response from academics who claimed it was tantamount to asking researchers to act as spies for British intelligence. Critics claimed the move endangered the lives of researchers, particularly social scientists and their sources in Muslim countries, whether working on the project or not. ... Academics would be asked to "scope the growth in influence and membership of extremist Islamist groups in the past 20 years", "name key figures and key groups" and "understand the use of theological legitimisation for violence".

"Key topics" include "radicalisation drivers and counterstrategies in each of the countries studied" and "future trends likely to increase/decrease radicalisation". ... John Gledhill, chair of the Association of Social Anthropologists, said: "This raises fundamental ethical issues. People feel that it smacks of the Cold War use of academics in counter-insurgency activities - essentially using academics as spies."

According to Dr David Miller of the University of Strathclyde, reporting for Spinwatch on a 2006 conference in Manchester entitled, "Is it time for a Critical Terrorism Studies?", discussion at the conference indicated that the FCO/JTAC had originally approached at least one UK academic terrorism studies institute to give the money direct to a research team. But the institute concerned turned this overture down partly on the basis of ethical concerns about whether it was ‘research’ or intelligence gathering. JTAC then seems to have gone to the ESRC, with the results detailed above.

Miller reports that a JTAC representative was at the conference and seems to have been surprised by the level of criticism of government from some participants. Julia Eastman was able to discuss her views in one to one sessions, but it seems that she had been banned by the Foreign Office – even under Chatham House rules – from speaking publicly at the conference.

Blackburn report and Jack Straw

In August 2008, the Centre produced a report on Islamic extremism in Blackburn. The reported was highlighted in September 2009 by a 'security figure' briefing against Blackburn MP and Justice Secretary Jack Straw to the Sunday Times:

A senior security figure who has seen the report said it underlined concern among cabinet colleagues that Straw could be “too close” to the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB), a prominent Muslim umbrella group. The government formally severed links with the group after a blazing row over extremism earlier this year.

“Jack’s a bit too close to the MCB — he sometimes appears to suggest they are the only game in town. There is a concern that proximity to them may colour [his] judgment,” the insider said.

Leadership and officials

The Director of JTAC reports to the Director General of MI5 (currently Sir Ken McCallum). An oversight board chaired by the Cabinet Office monitors performance.

An oversight board chaired by the Cabinet Office (typically involving the Chair of the Joint Intelligence Committee) monitors performance.

External links

JTAC on MI5 website Current threat levels