Difference between revisions of "Alfred Sherman"

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Alfred Sherman, the son of Jewish immigrants, was born in Hackney in 1919. Influenced by his father's left-wing views, Sherman joined the [[Communist Party]].
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<CENTER>''" We could never have defeated socialism if it hadn't been for Sir Alfred."'' – [[Margaret Thatcher]] <ref>quoted in John Barnes, ‘[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sir-alfred-sherman-414683.html Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher]’, ''Independent'', 5 September 2006</ref></CENTER>
  
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Sherman studied chemistry at Chelsea Polytechnic but left to join the [[International Brigades]] during the Spanish Civil War.
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On his return in 1938 Sherman found work in a London electrical factory. He later joined the [[Conservative Party]] and in 1974 established the right-wing [[Centre for Policy Studies]].  
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'''Sir Alfred Sherman''' (10 November 1919 - 26 August 2006) was a journalist and neoliberal activist best known for co-founding the [[Centre for Policy Studies]] with [[Margaret Thatcher]] and [[Keith Joseph]].
  
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In her memoirs [[Margaret Thatcher]] 'herself pays tribute to Sherman&#39;s &#39;brilliance&#39;, the &#39;force and clarity of his mind&#39;, his &#39;breadth of reading and his skills as a ruthless polemicist&#39;. She credits him with a central role in her achievements, especially as Leader of the Opposition but also after she became Prime Minister.
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==Biography==
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Sherman was born on 10 November 1919 to Jacob Vladimir Sherman and Eva (née Goldental), <ref>‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U34693 SHERMAN, Sir Alfred]’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]</ref> both of whom were Russian Jewish immigrants. He attended Hackney Downs County Secondary School in North London and subsequently began studying Chemistry at the Chelsea Polytechnic.  
  
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Born in 1919 in London&#39;s East End, until 1948 Sherman was a Communist and fought in the Spanish Civil War. But he ended up an indefatigable free-market crusader. The book describes his early relationship with Sir [[Keith Joseph]] and his own role in the formation of the Centre for Policy Studies in 1974.
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Sherman’s father was a Labour councillor, and until 1948 Sherman was a Communist. <ref>both cited in Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.4</ref> At the age of 17 he abandoned his studies served in the International Brigade in the Spanish Civil War (1937-38).  
  
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Sherman examines the origins and development of &#39;[[Thatcherism]]&#39;, but concludes that the Conservative administrations of the 1980s were, for the most part, an &#39;interlude&#39; and that the post-war consensus remains largely unscathed, we are back to where we started&#39;'.(From the blurb for Paradoxes of Power
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However, Sherman later experienced an ‘ideological conversion’. According to Mark Garnett, who worked with Sherman on his memoirs, ‘Instead of subsiding towards the Right in easy stages, he soon became an indefatigable freemarket crusader.’ <ref> Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude, by Alfred Sherman Edited by Mark Garnett [http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman.html])
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.4</ref>
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Sherman’s sudden departure from communism is thought to have occurred in 1948, whilst he was studying at the [[London School of Economics]]. According to the ''Daily Telegraph'' Sherman was president of the student Communist Party but when he refused to amend a paper on Tito following his split with Stalin, he was expelled from the Party. <ref>‘[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1527400/Sir-Alfred-Sherman.html Sir Alfred Sherman]’, ''Daily Telegraph'', 28 August 2009</ref>
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After graduating Sherman spent a short period as a teacher and then reportedly wrote for the Observer and the ''Jerusalem Post'' in Israel. According to the ''Independent'', ‘It was in Israel that he developed a taste for advising on free market economics, becoming an adviser to the General Zionists Party.’ <ref>John Barnes, ‘[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sir-alfred-sherman-414683.html Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher]’, ''Independent'', 5 September 2006</ref> During the 1950s Sherman was also a member of the economic advisory staff of the Israeli Government. <ref>‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U34693 SHERMAN, Sir Alfred]’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]</ref>
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From 1959 to 1986 he worked as a journalist in London, first at the ''Jewish Chronicle'' (1959–70) and then concurrently as a leader writer, and subsequently the London correspondent of the Israeli daily ''Al-Haaretz'' (1961–75). He also held various appointments at the ''Daily Telegraph'' from 1965 to 1986, and was the paper’s leader writer from 1977. <ref>‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U34693 SHERMAN, Sir Alfred]’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]</ref>
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It was whilst a local government reporter for the ''Daily Telegraph'' that Sherman first met [[Keith Joseph]]. <ref>‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2006/aug/29/guardianobituaries.conservatives Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented]’, ''Guardian'', 29 August 2006; Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.5</ref> In 1969 Sherman drafted some of Joseph's speeches celebrating free market doctrine. <ref>‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2006/aug/29/guardianobituaries.conservatives Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented]’, ''Guardian'', 29 August 2006</ref> According to Mark Garnett, [[Keith Joseph|Joseph]] ‘learned to defer to Sherman’s intellectual authority’ and by the time they co-founded the [[Centre for Policy Studies]], ‘Sherman had begun to act as Joseph’s tutor and psychological prop’. <ref>Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.5</ref>
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Sherman co-founded the CPS with [[Keith Joseph]] and [[Margaret Thathcer]] in 1974. According to the ''Independent'', Sherman ‘had conceived of the CPS as a political organisation designed to give the ideas formulated by the Institute of Economic Affairs political force’. <ref>John Barnes, ‘[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sir-alfred-sherman-414683.html Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher]’, ''Independent'', 5 September 2006</ref> According to the ''Guardian'': ‘In those “heroic” days it was little more than an office employing Sherman to draft speeches for Joseph. It attracted a number of people who had not been active Tories but became influential later, notably [[David Young]] (later Lord Young of Graffham) and [[John Hoskyns|John (later Sir) Hoskyns]].’ <ref>‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2006/aug/29/guardianobituaries.conservatives Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented]’, ''Guardian'', 29 August 2006</ref>
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Mark Garnett writes that, ‘by 1983 [[John Hoskyns |Hoskyns]], [[Norman Strauss|Strauss]] and Sherman had either departed or become disillusioned, because in their view the government had been too timid in its approach both to institutions and to policies.’ <ref>Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.8</ref> The ''Daily Telegraph'' gives the following account of Sherman’s departure from the [[Centre for Policy Studies]]:
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<blockquote style="background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt">By 1983 Lord Thomas (the historian Hugh Thomas), who had been appointed chairman of the CPS in 1979, was finding Sherman impossible to work with. In the summer of that year, following a row over the relationship of the CPS with the Tory party, Sherman was summarily sacked from the CPS in a ‘virulent’ letter from Thomas.<p>Sherman did not blame Thomas personally, but criticised ‘changed attitudes among Conservative leaders towards ideas, once back in office’, typically adding, ‘the effects on the CPS of de-Shermanisation are painfully evident in the brain death inflicted.’</p><ref>‘[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1527400/Sir-Alfred-Sherman.html Sir Alfred Sherman]’, ''Daily Telegraph'', 28 August 2009</ref></blockquote>
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==Views==
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Sherman was a fanatical neoliberal and was extremely hostile, not only to trade unionists and social democrats, but also to most of the political establishment. According to the ''Guardian'' he ‘seemed to despise most politicians and civil servants’ <ref>‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2006/aug/29/guardianobituaries.conservatives Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented]’, ''Guardian'', 29 August 2006</ref> According to Mark Garnett he viewed civil servants as ‘inveterate empire-builders, who would resist radical reform until they had been stripped of the last briefcase and bowler hat.’ <ref>Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.7</ref> The ''Sunday Telegraph'' once described Sherman as an ‘ego-maniacal, spiteful, obsessive, prone to temper tantrums which would disgrace a three-year-old’. <ref>quoted in John Barnes, ‘[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sir-alfred-sherman-414683.html Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher]’, ''Independent'', 5 September 2006</ref> Sherman was so extreme that he eventually alienated all of his Conservative allies. In his memoirs, ''Conflict of Loyalty'', [[Geoffrey Howe]] describes Sherman as a ‘zealot’, suggesting that ‘good ideas all too often lost their charm in the light of the zeal with which he espoused them.’ <ref>cited in Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.4</ref> Mark Garnett writes that, ‘[[Margaret Thatcher]] wanted to re-write the political rule-book; but Alfred Sherman wanted to see it burn.’ <ref>Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.9</ref>
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In the prologue to Sherman’s biography, [[Norman Tebbit]] writes that Sherman was not simply an economic liberal, but was ‘extremely aware that free market capitalism is a tool, not an objective’. According to [[Norman Tebbit|Tebbit]], Sherman like [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher]] believed that, ‘family and civilised values are the foundation on which the nation and its economy are built.’ <ref>Sir Alfred Sherman, ''Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude'' (Imprint Academic, 2005);
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[http://www.imprint.co.uk/books/sherman-Preface_and_foreword.pdf Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett], p.1</ref>
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Sherman was also a racist. In 1992, when secret Soviet archives were opened, it emerged that in 1984 Sherman had given an interview to Pravda in which he was quoted as saying: ‘As for the lumpen, coloured people and the Irish, let's face it, the only way to hold them in check is to have enough well armed and properly trained police.’ <ref>‘[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1527400/Sir-Alfred-Sherman.html Sir Alfred Sherman]’, ''Daily Telegraph'', 28 August 2009</ref> After his death, his former colleague at the ''Daily Telegraph'', Edward Pearce, wrote to the ''Independent'' to say that: ‘The word “racist” is over-used,’ but, ‘Alfred Sherman was the real thing.’ Pearce wrote: ‘I recall two particular remarks from editorial conference: “the American Negro army” (said in furious contempt) and “Where I was brought up, there was Irish all round and we knew they was inferior”.’ <ref>‘[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/sir-alfred-sherman-414683.html OBITUARIES: Sir Alfred Sherman]’, ''Independent'', 18 September 2006; p.35</ref>
  
 
==Affiliations==
 
==Affiliations==

Revision as of 17:10, 10 December 2009

" We could never have defeated socialism if it hadn't been for Sir Alfred." – Margaret Thatcher [1]

Sir Alfred Sherman (10 November 1919 - 26 August 2006) was a journalist and neoliberal activist best known for co-founding the Centre for Policy Studies with Margaret Thatcher and Keith Joseph.

Biography

Sherman was born on 10 November 1919 to Jacob Vladimir Sherman and Eva (née Goldental), [2] both of whom were Russian Jewish immigrants. He attended Hackney Downs County Secondary School in North London and subsequently began studying Chemistry at the Chelsea Polytechnic.

Sherman’s father was a Labour councillor, and until 1948 Sherman was a Communist. [3] At the age of 17 he abandoned his studies served in the International Brigade in the Spanish Civil War (1937-38).

However, Sherman later experienced an ‘ideological conversion’. According to Mark Garnett, who worked with Sherman on his memoirs, ‘Instead of subsiding towards the Right in easy stages, he soon became an indefatigable freemarket crusader.’ [4]

Sherman’s sudden departure from communism is thought to have occurred in 1948, whilst he was studying at the London School of Economics. According to the Daily Telegraph Sherman was president of the student Communist Party but when he refused to amend a paper on Tito following his split with Stalin, he was expelled from the Party. [5]

After graduating Sherman spent a short period as a teacher and then reportedly wrote for the Observer and the Jerusalem Post in Israel. According to the Independent, ‘It was in Israel that he developed a taste for advising on free market economics, becoming an adviser to the General Zionists Party.’ [6] During the 1950s Sherman was also a member of the economic advisory staff of the Israeli Government. [7]

From 1959 to 1986 he worked as a journalist in London, first at the Jewish Chronicle (1959–70) and then concurrently as a leader writer, and subsequently the London correspondent of the Israeli daily Al-Haaretz (1961–75). He also held various appointments at the Daily Telegraph from 1965 to 1986, and was the paper’s leader writer from 1977. [8]

It was whilst a local government reporter for the Daily Telegraph that Sherman first met Keith Joseph. [9] In 1969 Sherman drafted some of Joseph's speeches celebrating free market doctrine. [10] According to Mark Garnett, Joseph ‘learned to defer to Sherman’s intellectual authority’ and by the time they co-founded the Centre for Policy Studies, ‘Sherman had begun to act as Joseph’s tutor and psychological prop’. [11]

Sherman co-founded the CPS with Keith Joseph and Margaret Thathcer in 1974. According to the Independent, Sherman ‘had conceived of the CPS as a political organisation designed to give the ideas formulated by the Institute of Economic Affairs political force’. [12] According to the Guardian: ‘In those “heroic” days it was little more than an office employing Sherman to draft speeches for Joseph. It attracted a number of people who had not been active Tories but became influential later, notably David Young (later Lord Young of Graffham) and John (later Sir) Hoskyns.’ [13]

Mark Garnett writes that, ‘by 1983 Hoskyns, Strauss and Sherman had either departed or become disillusioned, because in their view the government had been too timid in its approach both to institutions and to policies.’ [14] The Daily Telegraph gives the following account of Sherman’s departure from the Centre for Policy Studies:

By 1983 Lord Thomas (the historian Hugh Thomas), who had been appointed chairman of the CPS in 1979, was finding Sherman impossible to work with. In the summer of that year, following a row over the relationship of the CPS with the Tory party, Sherman was summarily sacked from the CPS in a ‘virulent’ letter from Thomas.

Sherman did not blame Thomas personally, but criticised ‘changed attitudes among Conservative leaders towards ideas, once back in office’, typically adding, ‘the effects on the CPS of de-Shermanisation are painfully evident in the brain death inflicted.’

[15]

Views

Sherman was a fanatical neoliberal and was extremely hostile, not only to trade unionists and social democrats, but also to most of the political establishment. According to the Guardian he ‘seemed to despise most politicians and civil servants’ [16] According to Mark Garnett he viewed civil servants as ‘inveterate empire-builders, who would resist radical reform until they had been stripped of the last briefcase and bowler hat.’ [17] The Sunday Telegraph once described Sherman as an ‘ego-maniacal, spiteful, obsessive, prone to temper tantrums which would disgrace a three-year-old’. [18] Sherman was so extreme that he eventually alienated all of his Conservative allies. In his memoirs, Conflict of Loyalty, Geoffrey Howe describes Sherman as a ‘zealot’, suggesting that ‘good ideas all too often lost their charm in the light of the zeal with which he espoused them.’ [19] Mark Garnett writes that, ‘Margaret Thatcher wanted to re-write the political rule-book; but Alfred Sherman wanted to see it burn.’ [20]

In the prologue to Sherman’s biography, Norman Tebbit writes that Sherman was not simply an economic liberal, but was ‘extremely aware that free market capitalism is a tool, not an objective’. According to Tebbit, Sherman like Thatcher believed that, ‘family and civilised values are the foundation on which the nation and its economy are built.’ [21]

Sherman was also a racist. In 1992, when secret Soviet archives were opened, it emerged that in 1984 Sherman had given an interview to Pravda in which he was quoted as saying: ‘As for the lumpen, coloured people and the Irish, let's face it, the only way to hold them in check is to have enough well armed and properly trained police.’ [22] After his death, his former colleague at the Daily Telegraph, Edward Pearce, wrote to the Independent to say that: ‘The word “racist” is over-used,’ but, ‘Alfred Sherman was the real thing.’ Pearce wrote: ‘I recall two particular remarks from editorial conference: “the American Negro army” (said in furious contempt) and “Where I was brought up, there was Irish all round and we knew they was inferior”.’ [23]

Affiliations

Resources

Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett

Notes

  1. ↑ quoted in John Barnes, ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher’, Independent, 5 September 2006
  2. ↑ ‘SHERMAN, Sir Alfred’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]
  3. ↑ both cited in Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.4
  4. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.4
  5. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman’, Daily Telegraph, 28 August 2009
  6. ↑ John Barnes, ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher’, Independent, 5 September 2006
  7. ↑ ‘SHERMAN, Sir Alfred’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]
  8. ↑ ‘SHERMAN, Sir Alfred’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, [Accessed 10 Dec 2009]
  9. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented’, Guardian, 29 August 2006; Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.5
  10. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented’, Guardian, 29 August 2006
  11. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.5
  12. ↑ John Barnes, ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher’, Independent, 5 September 2006
  13. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented’, Guardian, 29 August 2006
  14. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.8
  15. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman’, Daily Telegraph, 28 August 2009
  16. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Adviser who preached Thatcherism before the term was invented’, Guardian, 29 August 2006
  17. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.7
  18. ↑ quoted in John Barnes, ‘Sir Alfred Sherman – Political adviser to Thatcher’, Independent, 5 September 2006
  19. ↑ cited in Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.4
  20. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.9
  21. ↑ Sir Alfred Sherman, Paradoxes of Power - Reflections on the Thatcher Interlude (Imprint Academic, 2005); Preface, by Norman Tebbit & Editor’s Foreword, by Mark Garnett, p.1
  22. ↑ ‘Sir Alfred Sherman’, Daily Telegraph, 28 August 2009
  23. ↑ ‘OBITUARIES: Sir Alfred Sherman’, Independent, 18 September 2006; p.35
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