Steven Milloy

Steven Milloy is best known as the founder and publisher of the Junk Science website. He defines 'junk science' as "bad science used by lawsuit-happy trial lawyers, the 'food police,' environmental Chicken Littles, power-drunk regulators, and unethical-to-dishonest scientists to fuel specious lawsuits, wacky social and political agendas, and the quest for personal fame and fortune." In reality it is a label that industry supporters use to attack any science that shows that industrial products and activities may be harmful to health or the environment. For example, the site has been named as a "leading debunker" of global warming by Rolling Stone magazine.

Milloy is an 'adjunct scholar' at the Cato Institute, which has published three of his books (see Publications below). He is also a columnist for FoxNews.com.

Milloy's attacks on the scientific expertise and ethics of any scientist whose views or results threaten the interests of American corporations have always been marked by extreme sarcasm and aggression. When Dr. David Rall, founder of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, was fatally injured in a car accident, Milloy posted this 'obituary of the day' on his Junk Science website: 'Scratch one junk scientist.... He was a bad guy when he was alive [and] death did not improve his track record.' When pressed to apologise to Rall's family, Milloy refused.

Industry Connections

The self-styled 'Junkman' worked in the 1990s for PR companies when he lobbied for, amongst others, the American Petroleum Institute, the International Food Additives Council, and Monsanto on the subject of 'food safety and labeling', i.e. biotech foods. He continues to attack critics of the safety of genetically engineered products and oppose the labelling of GM foods.

Evidence exists that Milloy's 'junk science' internet mission was founded with Philip Morris tobacco money as part of their campaign to undermine industry-critical research. The Philip Morris campaign was waged via front organisations such as The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition (TASSC), of which Milloy was executive director, and which is listed as the originator of the Junk Science website. Milloy himself "received a total of $180,000 in payments from Philip Morris for consulting services" in 2000 and 2001.. Not surprisingly he is a strong defender of the tobacco industry.

ExxonMobil has also funded various Milloy projects including the Free Enterprise Action Institute and the Advancement of Sound Science Center, both located in Milloy's home. Milloy is also a key player in the Global Climate Science Team set up by ExxonMobil for the purpose of promoting the uncertainties surrounding climate science..

Other Websites

The publisher of the Junk Science website is a front group called Citizens for the Integrity of Science, (CFIS). The Board of CFIS includes Milloy and Michael Gough of the Competitive Enterprise Institute and the Cato Institute and operates out of the former address of TASSC. CFIS, has published various websites to dispute scientific claims that corporations wished to dispute including:

• IGF-1, Milk and Cancer: False & Misleading Claims from the Fear Profiteers
• Aspartame Archives, a site promoting the safety of the artificial sweetner Aspartame,

Milloy was key player and spokesperson for the shortlived NoMoreScares.com web site that was launched in August 2000. Its role was primarily to defend biotech products and malign Fenton Communications, one of the only PR firms in Washington DC willing to work with non-profit public interest groups and their relatively small PR budgets. Other coalition members listed included Elizabeth Whelan of the American Council on Science and Health, Alex Avery and Michael Fumento of the Hudson Institute, and Michael Gough of the Cato Institute.

NoMoreScares.com was used to launch the book The Fear Profiteers by Milloy, Fumento, Gough, Whelan, John Carlisle and Henry I. Miller. It claims to uncover a "tangled web of non-profit advocacy groups with a public relations ring leader playing spider". The latter is a reference to Fenton Communications. These groups together with Fenton Communications are accused of being behind 'food scares' such as the concern over Monsanto's genetically-engineered growth hormone Bovine somatotropin (BST). This is injected into cows by some American farmers in order to boost milk production. BST is banned in all other major industrialised countries because of either human health or animal welfare concerns.

Their other main publication was Organic Industry Groups Spread Fear for Profit, later reissued as Marketing & The Organic Food Industry: A history of food fears, market manipulation and misleadin consumers. It was written by Graydon Forrer, Alex Avery and John Carlisle. The detailed biographies of the 3 authors provided in the document fails to mention that less than a year earlier Forrer was director of Executive Communications for the Monsanto Corporation.

NoMoreScares was replaced by StopLabelingLies.com in 2002. StopLabelingLies.com continued to promote the two books and Milloy continued as spokesperson. The website claims to be "independent from any commercial or for-profit interests", which cannot be said of its participating organisations:.

• The Center for Global Food Issues
• Consumer Alert
• American Council on Science and Health
• The National Center for Public Policy Research
• Food Security Network
• The Competitive Enterprise Institute
• Citizens for the Integrity of Science

Publications

Milloy claims to have written "hundreds of columns and articles published in newspapers and online" as well as the following books:

• Junk Science Judo: Self-defense Against Health Scares and Scams, (Cato Institute, 2001)
• Silencing Science, with co-author Michael Gough (Cato Institute, 1999)
• Science Without Sense: The Risky Business of Public Health Research, (Cato Institute, 1995)
• Science-Based Risk Assessment: A Piece of the Superfund Puzzle, (National Environmental Policy Institute, 1995)