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| − | '''Vizhnitz''' (sometimes '''Viznitz''' or '''Wiznitz''') is the name of a [[Hasidic dynasty]] founded by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. Vizhnitz ('''ויז׳ניץ''' or '''וויזשניץ''') is the [[Yiddish]] name of [[Vyzhnytsia]], a town in present-day [[Ukraine]] (then, a village in Austrian [[Bukovina]]).
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| − | Followers of the [[rebbe]]s of Vizhnitz are called ''Vizhnitzer [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidim]]''.
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| − | ==History of dynastic leadership==
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| − | ===Menachem Mendel Hager===
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| − | Menachem Mendel Hager was born on May 17, 1830, in [[Kosiv]]. He was the son of Rabbi Chaim Hager of Kosiv, and the son-in-law of Rabbi [[Israel Friedman of Ruzhyn]]. He was appointed Rebbe at the age of 24, and soon after, he moved to Vyzhnytsia, a small town close to Kosiv. As his reputation grew, so did his followers. He became known and admired for his charitable acts, sincerity in prayer, and love for [[Eretz Yisrael]]. In his older years, he endeavored to emigrate there. He had two sons, Reb Boruch and another, Reb Yaakov Dovid, who died during his lifetime. His son-in-law was the son of Rabbi [[Yehoshua Rokeach]] of [[Belz]], Reb Shmuel of Sokal. His Torah thoughts were published under the title ''Tzemach Tzaddik''. He died on October 18, 1884, and was buried in Vyzhnytsia. His son Reb Boruch took his place, becoming the second Rebbe of Vizhnitz.
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| − | ===Boruch Hager===
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| − | Boruch Hager was born in 1845 and was named after Rabbi [[Boruch of Medzhybizh]] at the behest of his grandfather, [[Yisrael Friedman of Ruzhin|Yisroel Friedman]] of [[Ruzhin (Hasidic dynasty)|Ruzhyn]]. In 1885, aged 40, he inherited the mantle of leadership from his father, Menachem Mendel Hager, and became rebbe to thousands of Hasidim. He led them for only eight years until his death in 1892. His Torah thoughts were collected in ''Imrei Boruch'' by his son-in-law. Eight of his sons became rebbes in different locals: His eldest, Reb Yisroel, succeeded him in Vyzhnytsia; Reb Chaim became rebbe in [[Ottynia]]; Reb Moshe in [[Suceava]]; Reb Shmuel Avrohom Abba in [[Horodenka]]; Reb Yaakov Yitzchok Dovid in [[Storozhynets]]; Reb Pinchos in [[Borşa|Borsha]]; Reb Feivish in Zelishtshik; Reb Yechiel Michel succeeded his brother in Horodenka. Another son, Reb Sholom, died in his youth. His sons-in-law were Reb Shmuel Dov Chodorov of Petriva; Reb Mordechai Chodorov of [[Kolomea]], who published ''Imrey Boruch''; Reb Sholom Yosef Friedman of Sadigur-Chernovitz.
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| − | ===Yisroel Hager===
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| − | Yisroel Hager was born on August 20, 1860. He was the first-born son of Rabbi Boruch Hager. He married the daughter of Rabbi [[Ropshitz (Hasidic dynasty)#Lineage|Meir Horowitz]] of [[Tarnobrzeg|Dzhikov]]. In 1875, he moved to his father-in-law's house and studied at great length with his brother-in-law Rabbi Yehoshua of Dzikov. Three years later he returned to Vyzhnytsia and became very close to his grandfather, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. In 1893 he was appointed as rebbe in Vyzhnytsia. The young rebbe invigorated the dynasty and attracted many more followers from the surrounding provinces. He established many [[Talmud Torah]]s, and also a yeshiva, to which he appointed his son Rabbi Menachem Mendel as [[rosh yeshiva]]. When [[World War I]] broke out he was forced to move to Grosswardein ([[Oradea]]). He lived there until his death on 2 June 1936.<ref>[http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2008/38052/original/Israelit_1936_23.pdf ''Der Israelit'', 4 June 1936, p. 13] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719103629/http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2008/38052/original/Israelit_1936_23.pdf |date=July 19, 2011 }}</ref> In 1949, his remains were transferred to Israel and re-interred in Zichron Meir, [[Bnei Brak]].
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| − | Hager had 5 sons and six daughters. Four of his sons became Rebbes:
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| − | *Reb '''Menachem Mendel of [[Vişeu de Sus|Visheve]]'''
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| − | *Reb '''[[Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)#Chaim Meir Hager|Chaim Meir]]''' (Chayim Meir'l), who inherited his father's position in Grosswardein
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| − | *Reb '''Eliezer of Vyzhnytsia''', author of ''Demesek Eliezer''
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| − | *Reb '''Boruch of [[Siret]]''', founder of the Seret-Vizhnitz Hasidic dynasty
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| − | ===Chaim Meir Hager===
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| − | After the [[Holocaust]], Reb Chaim Meir settled in [[Bnei Brak]], [[Israel]], to build a community there. Disciples from pre-war Europe gathered around him, and formed a comprehensive net of educational and communal institutions. He became a spiritual mentor of the [[Agudat Yisrael|Agudas Yisrael]] party in the Israeli [[Knesset]]. Agudas Yisrael won substantial government aid for Bnei Brak and affiliated communities, in return for its support in coalition governments.<ref name="nyc-architecture1">[http://www.nyc-architecture.com/WBG/wbg-jewish.htm The Roots of Hasidism: The Two Viznitz's (nyc-architecture.com)] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123205040/http://www.nyc-architecture.com/WBG/wbg-jewish.htm |date=January 23, 2011 }}</ref>
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| − | Reb Chaim Meir had two sons: the older Moshe (Reb Moshelle), and the younger Mordechai (Reb Mottele).<ref name="nyc-architecture1"/>
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| − | Reb Chaim Meir's sons-in-law include Rabbis [[Yidele Horowitz]], [[Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss]] (both were married to Reb Chaim Meir's daughter, Miriam),<ref>[https://www.hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=35390&st=&pgnum=435&hilite= Invitation written by Reb Yisroel Hager to the wedding of his granddaughter Miriam and Reb Yidele Horowitz] (in [[Hebrew]])</ref> and [[Yisrael Friedman (Pashkaner Rebbe)|Yisrael Friedman]] (married to Reb Chaim Meir's daughter, Tziporah. Their son is [[Hoshea Friedman]]).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ehrlich|first=Aryeh|date=6 October 2014|title=Legacy of Many Threads|url=http://www.mishpacha.com/Browse/Article/4529/Legacy-of-Many-Threads|journal=[[Mishpacha]]|issue=530|access-date=21 October 2014}}</ref>
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| − | ===Moshe Yehoshua Hager===
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| − | Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua Hager, was the Vizhnitser Rebbe in Bnei Brak. He died on March 13, 2012, aged 95.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/16/nyregion/rabbi-moshe-y-hager-hasidic-leader-dies-at-95.html?_r=3 Rabbi Moshe Hager, a Hasidic Leader, Dies at 95 ]</ref> He had two sons and four daughters. His elder son is Rabbi [[Yisroel Hager (The second)|Yisroel]], named after his grandfather, the "Ahavas Yisroel"; his other son is Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Hager|Menachem Mendel]], named after the founding Vizhnitzer Rebbe, author of ''Tzemach Tzaddik''. Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua's sons-in-law are famous rabbis. The eldest daughter married Rabbi [[David Twersky (Skverer Rebbe)|David Twersky]], the [[Skver (Hasidic dynasty)|Skverer]] Rebbe of [[New Square, New York|New Square]], New York. One daughter married Rabbi [[Yissachar Dov Rokeach (fifth Belzer rebbe)|Yissachar Dov Rokeach]], the [[Belz (Hasidic dynasty)|Belzer]] Rebbe from [[Jerusalem]]. One daughter married Rabbi [[Aaron Teitelbaum]], the [[Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)|Satmar]] Rebbe from [[Kiryas Joel]], New York. The youngest daughter married Rabbi Menachem Ernster, the [[rosh yeshiva]] of the Vizhnitz [[Yeshiva]] in Bnei Brak.<ref name="israelnationalnews">{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/153741|title=Vizhnitzer Rebbe Passes Away at 95|last=Benari|first=Elad|date=14 March 2012|access-date=19 March 2012|work=[[Arutz Sheva]]}} The head [[rabbi]]s, also known as ''Admorim'' ({{lang-he|אדמו"ר}}, which is the [[acronym]] for "אדונינו מורינו ורבינו" ''"Adoneinu Moreinu V'Rabeinu"'', "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), are located currently in [[Bnei Brak]] and [[Haifa]] in [[Israel]], and in [[Monsey, New York]]. Rabbi Yisroel Hager has inherited his father's community. He is known for his love and devotion to עם ישראל, just like his great grand father who he's named after. He has around 7,500 followers worldwide. He has three sons and four daughters; his oldest son, Rabbi Chaim Meir, leads a kehilla in [[Borough Park, Brooklyn, New York]]. His other two sons live in Bnei Brak; his oldest daughter married Rabbi Boruch Shamshon Hager, son of the Viznitzer Rebbe in [[Beit Shemesh]]; his second daughter married Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Meizlish, Rav of shikun Satmar in [[Bnei Brak]]; his third daughter is married to Reb Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum from Beit Shemesh; and his youngest daughter is married to Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager from Bnei Brak.
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| − | </ref>
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| − | ===Mordechai Hager===
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| − | [[File:The Great Synagogue of Vizhnitz Beit Shemesh.jpg|thumb|The Great Synagogue of Vizhnitz [[Beit Shemesh]], with a new [[Holy Ark]]]]
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| − | {{Main|Mordechai Hager}}
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| − | Rabbi Mordechai Hager [[zt"l]], born in 1922, was the Vizhnitzer Rebbe in [[Monsey, New York|Monsey]] until his passing in 2018.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://5tjt.com/vizhnitz-simcha-complications/ | title=Vizhnitz Simcha Complications | date=18 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/235287|title=Second Vizhnitz Rebbe Falls Ill|publisher=[[Israel National News]]|date=20 March 2012|access-date=22 March 2012}}</ref> Following the death of his father [[Rabbi]] [[Chaim Meir Hager]] of [[Bnei Brak, Israel]], tens of thousands of Vizhnitz hasidim followed him. At the time of his passing, he was the oldest hasidic rabbi in the world. He was known for his devotion to learning Torah: he studied 18 hours a day and asked his Chasidim to study at least two hours every day. He had about 30,000 followers internationally.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/16/obituaries/rabbi-mordechai-hager-dead-led-large-hasidic-sect.html|title=Rabbi Mordechai Hager, Leader of Large Hasidic Sect, Dies at 95|last=Berger|first=Joseph|date=2018-03-16|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-03-23|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
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| − | Rabbi Mordechai died on March 16, 2018 (29 Adar 5778), at [[Mount Sinai Hospital (Manhattan)|Mount Sinai Hospital]].<ref>http://hamodia.com/2018/03/16/vizhnitzer-rebbe-harav-mordechai-hager/</ref> The funeral was held with the attendance of 100,000 mourners.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://westchester.news12.com/story/37744891/mourners-say-final-farewell-to-grand-rabbi-in-monsey | title=Mourners say final farewell to grand rabbi in Monsey }}</ref> He was buried in the Vishnitzer Cemetery in [[Monsey, New York|Monsey]], New York.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/general/1491750/boruch-dayan-haemmes-levaya-of-vishnitzer-rebbe-of-monsey-zatzal.html | title=BORUCH DAYAN HA'EMMES: Levaya of Vishnitzer Rebbe of Monsey ZATZAL [UPDATED 12:00PM] | date=16 March 2018 }}</ref>
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| − | Rabbi Mordechai bore 14 children, 8 sons and 6 daughters. His sons and grandson serve as leaders of his followers in the United States and internationally: Rabbi Yisroel in [[Monsey, New York]]; Rabbi Mendel in [[Kiamesha Lake, New York]]; and Rabbi Yitzchok Yochonon in [[Williamsburg, Brooklyn]]. The other sons serve internationally: Rabbi Eliezer in [[Jerusalem, Israel]]; Rabbi Dovid in London; Rabbi Aharon in Canada headquartered in [[Montreal, Quebec]], his youngest son, Rabbi Buroch Shamshon, in [[Beit Shemesh]], Israel; and his grandson Rabbi Yakov Yosef, son of eldest son Rabbi Pinchus Shulem, in [[Boro Park]], Brooklyn.
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| − | ==UK==
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| − | *[[Vishnitz Girls School]] | [[Wiznitz Cheder School]]
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| − | ==Resources==
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| − | *https://www.jewishnews.co.uk/grand-rabbi-in-israel-pandemic-is-from-god-and-has-nothing-to-do-with-nature/
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| − | == See also ==
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| − | * [[Vyzhnytsia]]
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| − | * [[Hasidic dynasties]]
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| − | == References ==
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| − | <references/>
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| − | * [https://books.google.com/books?id=tumlOiOZvSUC&pg=PA1405 The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust. Page 1405]
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | * [http://hasidicnews.com/Viznitz.shtml The Two Vizhnitz (Rabbis)]
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| − | * [http://www.wiznitz.com/ Rav Mendel Hager - The Av Beis Din - exclusive website]
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| − | * [http://www.rebbeclips.com/search/label/seret%20viznitz Videos of the Seret Viznitz Rebbe ztz"l]
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