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| − | == Microsoft == | + | == History of Microsoft == |
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| − | ==Bill Gates==
| + | The company was founded by [[Bill Gates]] and [[Paul Allen]] in 1975 and generated profits of $16,000. In the 1980s microsoft flourished as it provided the operating system DOS for IBM’s PC. |
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| − | Bill H. Gates is chairman of Microsoft Corporation, the worldwide leader in software. Microsoft had revenues of US$44.28 billion for the fiscal year ending June 2006, and employs more than 71,000 people in 103 countries and regions.
| + | Today Microsoft is an international company present in 102 different countries, employing 76,000 people and generalting a profit of $44.28 billion per year. |
| − | On June 15, 2006, Microsoft announced that effective July 2008 Gates will transition out of a day-to-day role in the company to spend more time on his global health and education work at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. After July 2008 Gates will continue to serve as Microsoft’s chairman and an advisor on key development projects.
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| − | In his junior year, Gates left Harvard University to devote his energies to Microsoft, a company he had begun in 1975 with his childhood friend Paul Allen.
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| − | Microsoft has invested $6.2 billion on research and development in the 2005 fiscal year. (why? find out more)
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| − | {{ref|5}}
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| − | Steven A. Ballmer is a Harvard graduate with a degree in mathemeatics and Economics and is now Chief Executive Officer of Microsoft Corporation. Ballmer joined in 1980 and was the first business manager hired by Bill Gates. Former President, now CEO
| + | Microsoft takes up 18.3 million square feet of office building space and is ranked 15th in the world's top 500 companies. Microsoft's has driven 93% of the world's desktop computers since 1991 and its office software dominates 90% of the market and earns the company $9 billion a year. In 1990 Microsoft became the first software company to reach $1 billion in revenue. In 2003 Microsoft's revenue increased by $3.82 billion to $32.19 billion with a net income of $9993 billion. Although Microsoft have been accused of fraudulent accounting in order to show profit<ref>Corporate Watch (2004) '''Microsoft: A Corporate Profile'''[http://archive.corporatewatch.org/profiles/microsoft/microsoft4.htm Corporate Watch] (accessed 05/04/07)</ref>. |
| − | The company has seven business
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| − | After college he worked at [[Procter and Gamble]] Co for two years.
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| − | Beofore working for Microsoft he attended Stanford University Graduate School of Business. {{ref|1}}
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| | + | The company headquarters are in Redmond, Washington, USA. |
| | + | Microsoft have ownership of MSNBC cable television network, the MSN Internet portal, and the Microsoft Encarta multimedia encyclopedia. |
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| − | [[James I. Cash Jr., Ph.D.]]Dr. Cash received a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from Texas Christian University; a Master of Science in computer science from Purdue University's Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences; and a Doctor of Philosophy in Management Information Systems (MIS) from Purdue University's Krannert Graduate School of Management. He joined the Harvard Business School Faculty in 1976, and has taught in all the major HBS programs MBA, Program for Management Development (PMD), Program for Global Leadership (PGL), and Advanced Management Program (AMP). Among his administrative assignments he has served as chairman of the MBA Program from 1992 to 1995, during the schools project to redesign the MBA Program MBA: Leadership and Learning; and as Senior Associate Dean and Chairman of HBS Publishing from 1998 to 2003.
| + | The company has faced much controversy over the years as many have attributed their success to their illegal monopoly over operating systems which effectively pushes competition out of the market. The company has faced legal proceedings aroung the world and have been found guilty on the charges of holding an unfair monopoly. However, as microsoft are an extrmely rich company, the finacial penalties they face are insignificant and they often pay their way out of any legal obligations to rectify this monopoly. |
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| − | Dr. Cash's nonacademic activities include serving as a trustee or overseer for nonprofit organizations and on the board of directors for several public companies. He has worked with many companies and governments around the world in both consulting and teaching assignments. Before his graduate education and joining the Harvard Faculty, he worked as director of Data Processing for several years, which followed jobs as a systems analyst, systems programmer and application programmer. His research focused on the strategic use of information technology in the service sector.
| + | == Microsoft’s Philanthropy == |
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| − | Dr. Cash is currently running an invitation-only program for chief information officers of leading companies-designed to promote peer-to-peer exchange and learning, and exposure to leading thinkers from business, government and academia – titled The Cash Concours. He also designed and implemented a leadership development program for The Concours Group which targets senior managers in large information technology organizations.{{ref|3}}
| + | Bill Gates likes to consider himself above all as a philanthropic man. At the Government Leaders Forum he quoted Carnegie: ‘he who dies rich dies disgraced.’ Although Gates found the funny side to this, saying that he was still working on it, his charity has been described as the ‘Microsoft of charities’. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation was launched by a donation from Bill Gates of £54 million in 2000. Gates has a very philanthropic public image and has joined Bono on the cover of Time magazine as Humanitarian of the year and was voted 8th in the list of “Heroes of our Time” by the New Statesman. |
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| | + | However, the ‘Microsoft of charities’ may hold alternative meanings as it has been criticised for disinvestments. In January the Los Angeles Times exposed the foundation for investing over £254 million in oil companies including [[Royal Dutch Shell]], [[Exxon Mobil]], [[Chevron]] and [[Total]] who were being accused of causing health problems in Nigeria which, ironically, is another area of funding for the trust<ref>MChinty, S (2007) '''Billionaire, benefactor...but is Bill Gates a force for good?''' [http://thescotsman.scotsman.com.index.cfm?id=161002007 The Scotsman] 31st January (accessed 28/02/07)</ref>. |
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| − | == Dina Dublon | + | == Microsoft's Partner Companies == |
| − | Former Chief Financial Officer, JPMorgan Chase ==
| + | [[Charteris plc]] |
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| | + | ==Resources== |
| | + | *[[Microsoft:Products / Projects]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft: Company Structure, Ownership, People]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft:Influence / Lobbying]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft:Corporate Crime]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft:What you can do]] |
| | + | === International role === |
| | + | Microsoft have faced criticism and legal action around the world. The main accusations are that they constitute a monopoly and effectively push competitors out of the market. Court cases in the US and Europe give some indication of how they conduct their business and political activities. |
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| − | Dina Dublon was, from December 1998 until her retirement in September 2004, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for [[JPMorgan Chase]]. Ms. Dublon was responsible for the global financial management and reporting, related technology and operations, strategy and acquisitions, corporate treasury, investor relations and tax. She was integral to the negotiation and implementation of the mergers of Chemical Bank with Manufacturers [[Hanover]], [[Chase]], [[JPMorgan]], and [[Bank One]].
| + | *[[Microsoft: US Conflicts]] |
| − | Ms. Dublon joined [[Chemical Bank's capital]] markets group as a trainee on the trading floor in 1981. From 1981 to 1996, Ms. Dublon held positions in capital markets, asset liability management and investment banking. She became Corporate Treasurer in 1994 and head of corporate planning in 1996. Prior to joining [[Chemical Bank]], Ms. Dublon worked as a research associate for the Harvard Business School and as Regional Director, Securities Division at [[Bank Hapoalim]] in Israel.
| + | *[[Microsoft: European Conflicts]] |
| − | Ms. Dublon joined the Microsoft board on March 22, 2005. She also serves on the board of directors of [[Accenture, Ltd.]], and [[PepsiCo, Inc.]] She is a founding board member of Greenstone Media, and serves on the boards of [[Carnegie]] [[Mellon University]], the Global Fund for Women and the Women's Commission for Refugee Women & Children.{{ref|5}}
| + | *[[Microsoft: UK]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft: Wales]] |
| | + | *[[Microsoft: Scotland]] |
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| − | == JerRaymond V. Gilmartin | + | ==Lobbying firms== |
| − | Former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Merck & Co., Inc. ==
| + | *[[APCO Worldwide]]<ref> [http://www.appc.org.uk/members/register/register-profile/?company=APCO%20Worldwide Register 1st September 2014 - 30th November 2014] ''APPC'', accessed 28 January 2015 </ref> |
| − | | + | *[[Edelman]]<ref> [http://www.appc.org.uk/members/register/register-profile/?company=Edelman Register 1st September 2014 - 30th November 2014] ''APPC'', accessed 29 January 2015 </ref> |
| − | Raymond V. Gilmartin is the former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of [[Merck & Co., Inc.]], a global research-driven pharmaceutical company that discovers, develops, manufactures and markets innovative vaccines and medicines. In July 2006, he joined the faculty at the Harvard Business School as Professor of Management Practice teaching in the MBA program.
| + | *[[Weber Shandwick]]<ref> [http://www.appc.org.uk/members/register/register-profile/?company=Weber%20Shandwick Register 1st September 2014 - 30th November 2014] ''APPC'', accessed 29 January 2015 </ref> |
| − | Mr. Gilmartin joined Merck as President and Chief Executive Officer in June 1994, was named to the additional position of Chairman of the Board in November 1994. He served in those capacities until May 2005 when he relinquished those titles as part of the succession planning process leading up to his planned retirement in April 2006. In the interim, he served as Special Advisor to the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.
| + | *[[Hanover Communications]] <ref>[https://registerofconsultantlobbyists.force.com/CLR_Public_Profile?id=0012400000600D4AAI Hanover Communications profile 2016], ''Register of consultant lobbyists'', accessed 25 April 2016</ref> |
| − | Prior to joining Merck, Mr. Gilmartin served as Chairman, President and CEO of [[Becton Dickinson]], a global company that develops, manufactures and markets medical devices and diagnostic products. He joined that company in 1976 as vice president, strategic planning, and took on positions of increasing responsibility over the next eighteen years.
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| − | Mr. Gilmartin serves on the board of [[General Mills, Inc.]] He is chairman of the Board of Directors of The United Negro College Fund and serves on the Board of Dean’s Advisors for the Harvard Business School.
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| − | An active participant in health industry affairs worldwide, Mr. Gilmartin is a stakeholder in the Harvard Program for Health System Improvement, is a past chair of the Healthcare Leadership Council and was a board member of the Alliance for Healthcare Reform. In addition, he is a past chair of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America and a past president of the [[International Federation of the Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations]].
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| − | Mr. Gilmartin also has been involved in global economic and trade issues that concern the pharmaceutical industry. He was a member of the President’s Export Council and is a past chair of the Council on Competitiveness. He was a member of the Transatlantic Business Dialogue and of the Trade and Poverty Forum, a project of the German Marshall Fund.
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| − | Mr. Gilmartin received a BS in electrical engineering from Union College in 1963 and an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1968.
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| − | usalem and a Masters degree from the Business School at Carnegie Mellon University.{{ref|6}}
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| − | == David F. Marquardt
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| − | General Partner, August Capital ==
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| − | Mr. Marquardt is a founding general partner of [[August Capital]], a private venture capital firm in Menlo Park, California, organized in 1995. Mr. Marquardt entered the venture capital business in 1979 as an associate at [[Institutional Venture Associates]] (IVA).
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| − | During his tenure at IVA, he led successful investments in [[Seagate]], [[Archive and SpectraLogic]] (acquired by Seagate) and [[Stratus Computer]]. In 1980, Mr. Marquardt became a founding partner in Technology Venture Investors, four highly successful venture funds that invested in more than 100 start-up and emerging growth companies.
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| − | During his venture career, Mr. Marquardt has led investments in more than 35 companies, serving on 20 boards of directors. In addition to the companies mentioned above, his venture successes include [[Adaptec]], [[Auspex]], [[Grand Junction Networks]] (acquired by Cisco), [[Linear Technology]], Microsoft (where Dave was the sole venture investor) and [[Sun Microsystems]].{{ref|7}}
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| − | == Charles H. Noski | |
| − | Former Vice Chairman, AT&T Corporation ==
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| − | From 1999 to 2002, Mr. Noski served as senior executive vice president and chief financial officer of [[AT&T]]Corporation and was named vice chairman of AT&T's Board of Directors in February 2002. He retired from AT&T upon the completion of its restructuring in November 2002. From December 2003 to March 2005, Mr. Noski served as Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of [[Northrop Grumman Corporation]], and was a director from November 2002 to May 2005.
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| − | Prior to joining AT&T, Mr. Noski was president, chief operating officer, and a member of the Board of Directors of [[Hughes Electronics Corporation]], a publicly-traded subsidiary of General Motors Corporation in the satellite and wireless communications business. He is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and Financial Executives International, and is a past member of the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council. Mr. Noski also serves as a director of the Los Angeles County Music Center and the California State University, Northridge Foundation.
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| − | Mr. Noski joined the Microsoft Board on November 11, 2003. He also serves on the boards of directors of [[Air Products & Chemicals, Inc.]], and [[Morgan Stanley]].{{ref|8}}
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| − | == Dr. Helmut Panke
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| − | Former Chairman of the Board of Management, BMW AG ==
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| − | Dr. Panke joined the Microsoft Board as a nonexecutive director on November 11, 2003. He also serves on the board of directors of [[UBS AG]], Switzerland.
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| − | Dr. Panke has been with [[BMW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG]] since 1982 in a variety of positions and, from May 2002 through August 2006, served as Chairman of the Board of Management.
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| − | From 1999 to 2002, he served as Member of the Board of Management for Finance. From 1996 to 1999, Dr. Panke was Member of the Board of Management for Human Resources and Information Technology. In his role as Chairman and CEO of BMW (US) Holding Corp. from 1993 to 1996 he was responsible for the company's North American activities. {{ref|9}}
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| − | == Jon A. Shirley
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| − | Former President and Chief Operating Officer, Microsoft Corporation ==
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| − | Jon A. Shirley was born in San Diego in 1938, graduated from The Hill School in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, and then attended MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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| − | He was with [[Tandy Corporation]] for 25 years in many positions, last as vice president Computer Merchandising when he left in 1983 to move to Seattle and become president, chief operating officer and a director of Microsoft Corporation. He retired from Microsoft in 1990 but remains a director. He is also a director of [[Manzanita Capital]], a private financial services company in Seattle.{{ref|10}}
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| − | == Microsoft Governement Leaders Forum ==
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| − | The annual forum brings together Prime Ministers, Ministers, EU Commissioners and policy advisers from across Europe, marking one of the most senior gatherings of European leaders Scotland has seen.
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| − | The Government Leaders’ Forum Europe is one of Microsoft’s flagship events for government, parliamentarians, education and business leaders across the continent and is being supported by a partnership of the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish Executive.
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| − | The event provides a forum to formulate successful strategies in key areas relating to connected government, digital learning, employability skills and the transition to the knowledge economy. This year will reflect a number of Scotland’s experiences as the host country
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| − | Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament, George Reid MSP said:
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| − | “Our Parliament is committed to the widest possible engagement with the people, one important element in this being the use of technology. From my attendance at this year’s forum in Lisbon, it is clear that the Scottish experience has much to share with the political institutions of Europe.
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| − | “This conference provides an opportunity to debate key issues of engagement and economic development which affect citizens and states across Europe.
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| − | “I look forward to welcoming the Microsoft Government Leaders’ Forum. Once again, Holyrood will provide the stage that puts Scotland at the heart of international debate.”
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| − | The President of Microsoft International, Jean-Philippe Courtois said:
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| − | “The Scottish Parliament offers a unique setting to hold a very interactive and participative Government Leaders’ Forum. This event offers an excellent opportunity to bring together top policy makers and industry leaders from across the continent to facilitate a discussion around the impact of ICT on parliaments and their citizens. Microsoft is grateful to both the Scottish Parliament and the Scottish Executive for their support and cooperation in bringing the GLF to Edinburgh.” {{ref|2}}
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| − | [[Microsoft Government Leaders Forum]]
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| − | Microsoft says Scottish NHS must curb IT spend {{ref|4}}
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| | == Notes == | | == Notes == |
| | + | <references/> |
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| − | #{{note|1}} Microsoft website [http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/steve/default.mspx Board of Directors]accessed 30/01/07
| + | [[Category:Media Industry]][[Category:Transnational Corporations]] |
| − | #{{note|2}} ''Scottish Parliament to host the UK’s first Microsoft Government Leaders’ Forum'' | 20 September 2006.[http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/nmCentre/news/news-06/pa06-068.htm]
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| − | #{{note|3}} Microsoft website, [http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/bod/jcash/default.mspx Board of Directors]
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| − | #{{note|4}} Lucy Sherriff [http://209.85.129.104/search?q=cache:ObadE5UNRR0J:www.theregister.co.uk/2005/01/05/scottish_it_spending_spree/+microsoft+scotland&hl=en&gl=uk&ct=clnk&cd=1 Microsoft says Scottish NHS must curb IT spend: Unusual advice from a vendor] ''The Register'', Published Wednesday 5th January 2005 13:25 GMT
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| − | #{{note|5}}Microsoft website, [http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/bod/jcash/default.mspx Board of Directors]
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