Difference between revisions of "Whitney Hart Shepardson"
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| − | [[Whitney Hart Shepardson]] was a US businessman, diplomat and lawyer.<ref>Mark Lincoln Chawin, The Hawks of World War II, University of North Caroline Press, 1968, p.57.</ref> | + | [[Whitney Hart Shepardson]] (October 30, 1890 – May 29, 1966) was a US businessman, diplomat and lawyer.<ref>Mark Lincoln Chawin, The Hawks of World War II, University of North Caroline Press, 1968, p.57.</ref> He headed the [[Secret Intelligence Branch]] of the [[Office of Strategic Services]] during [[World War II]].<ref>{{testcite |
| + | |url=http://www.cfr.org/about/giving/shepardson.html | ||
| + | |title=The Whitney H. Shepardson Fellowship | ||
| + | |publisher=Council on Foreign Relations | ||
| + | |quote=Shepardson headed the Secret Intelligence unit of the Office of Strategic Services}}</ref>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Shepardson was born in [[Worcester, Massachusetts]]. He attended Colgate Academy, where his father was principal.<ref>{{testcite | ||
| + | |url=http://www4.colgate.edu/scene/mar1999/rhodes.html | ||
| + | |title=Colgate's first Rhodes Scholar | ||
| + | |publisher=Colgate University | ||
| + | |quote=His father was then principal of Colgate Academy}}</ref> He graduated from [[Colgate University]] before attending [[Balliol College, Oxford]] as a [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholar]]. He completed his education at [[Harvard Law School]]. He would practice law only briefly, serving as an attorney for the [[United States Shipping Board]] between May 1917 and July 1918.<ref name=fdrlib>{{testcite | ||
| + | |url=http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu:8000/findbrow.cgi?collection=Shepardson%2C+Whitney+Hart | ||
| + | |title=The Papers of Whitney Hart Shepardson | ||
| + | |publisher=Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library}}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Shepardson's involvement in international relations began when sent to the 1919 [[Paris Peace Conference, 1919|Paris Peace Conference]] by the [[United States Department of State|State Department]] as an aide to [[Edward M. House]], where he became secretary to the commission responsible for drafting the [[Covenant of the League of Nations]]. He was secretary also to a group of Americans seeking to organize the international relations institute which would become the [[Council on Foreign Relations]]. Shepardson was a founding member of the board. From 1920, he wrote for the ''[[The Round Table Journal|Round Table]]'', a British journal edited by former Beit Lecturer in Colonial History, [[Lionel George Curtis|Lionel Curtis]].<ref>{{testcitebook | ||
| + | |title=From Empire to International Commonwealth: A Biography of Lionel Curtis | ||
| + | |author=Deborah Lavin | ||
| + | |date=1995 | ||
| + | |isbn=0198126166 | ||
| + | |publisher=Oxford University Press | ||
| + | |pages=160 | ||
| + | |quote=wrote regularly for the Round Table until his death in 1920 when Shepardson succeeded him}}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Following the war, he worked in Vienna as European manager for American shipping agency P.N. Gray and Co.<ref>{{testcite|url=http://docs.fdrlibrary.marist.edu:8000/findbrow.cgi?collection=Shepardson,+Whitney+Hart|title=Whitney Hart Shepardson|publisher=fdrlibrary.marist.edu}}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Between 1925 and 1927 he served as a director on [[John D. Rockefeller]]'s [[General Education Board]], specialising in the development of agricultural and biological research.<ref name=fdrlib/> He was a director of the [[Woodrow Wilson Foundation]].<ref>{{testcite | ||
| + | |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70E16F8345D1B7B93CAAB1789D95F428385F9 | ||
| + | |title=Wilson Birthday Today; Foundation Will Observe 80th Anniversary of War President | ||
| + | |publisher=New York Times | ||
| + | |date=December 28, 1936}}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Shepardson was president of Bates International Bag Company from 1928 to 1930. He was vice-president of International Railways of Central America, a transport arm of the [[United Fruit Company]], from 1931 until 1942.<ref>{{testcitebook | ||
| + | |title=The International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's who | ||
| + | |date=1953}}</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | After the outbreak of war in Europe he was appointed to lead the political group of the CFR's ''[[War and Peace Studies]]'' project. Following the involvement of the United States in war, he served with the Office of Strategic Services in Washington and London. In London, he was special assistant to the U.S. ambassador, and became first London head of Secret Intelligence.<ref>{{testcitebook | ||
| + | |title=OSS Against the Reich: World War Two Diaries | ||
| + | |author=David K.E. Bruce | ||
| + | |date=1992 | ||
| + | |isbn=087338427X | ||
| + | |publisher=Kent State University Press | ||
| + | |quote=first OSS Secret Intelligence chief in London}}</ref> He became head of the agency's Secret Intelligence Branch in 1943,<ref>{{testcite | ||
| + | |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/oss/art06.htm | ||
| + | |title=Secret Intelligence | ||
| + | |publisher=United States Central Intelligence Agency | ||
| + | |quote=Headed from 1943 on by international executive and lawyer Whitney H. Shepardson}}</ref> staying with the organization which would ultimately become part of the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] until 1946. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Post-war, he became director of the [[Carnegie Corporation of New York|Carnegie Corporation]]'s British Dominions and Colonies Fund. | ||
| + | |||
| + | From 1953 to 1956 Shepardson served as president of the [[National Committee for a Free Europe]]. | ||
==Affiliations== | ==Affiliations== | ||
| Line 10: | Line 60: | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| + | *{{testcite | ||
| + | |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20E12F63D55117B93C3A9178DD85F428685F9 | ||
| + | |title=Whitney Shepardson, 75, Dies | ||
| + | |date=June 1st, 1966 | ||
| + | |work=New York Times}} | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
| + | |||
[[Category:WWII Hawks|Shepardson, Whitney, Hart]] | [[Category:WWII Hawks|Shepardson, Whitney, Hart]] | ||
[[Category:Spooks|Shepardson, Whitney Hart]] | [[Category:Spooks|Shepardson, Whitney Hart]] | ||
[[Category:OSS|Shepardson, Whitney Hart]] | [[Category:OSS|Shepardson, Whitney Hart]] | ||
Revision as of 12:49, 16 February 2011
Whitney Hart Shepardson (October 30, 1890 – May 29, 1966) was a US businessman, diplomat and lawyer.[1] He headed the Secret Intelligence Branch of the Office of Strategic Services during World War II.[2].
Shepardson was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He attended Colgate Academy, where his father was principal.[3] He graduated from Colgate University before attending Balliol College, Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar. He completed his education at Harvard Law School. He would practice law only briefly, serving as an attorney for the United States Shipping Board between May 1917 and July 1918.[4]
Shepardson's involvement in international relations began when sent to the 1919 Paris Peace Conference by the State Department as an aide to Edward M. House, where he became secretary to the commission responsible for drafting the Covenant of the League of Nations. He was secretary also to a group of Americans seeking to organize the international relations institute which would become the Council on Foreign Relations. Shepardson was a founding member of the board. From 1920, he wrote for the Round Table, a British journal edited by former Beit Lecturer in Colonial History, Lionel Curtis.[5]
Following the war, he worked in Vienna as European manager for American shipping agency P.N. Gray and Co.[6]
Between 1925 and 1927 he served as a director on John D. Rockefeller's General Education Board, specialising in the development of agricultural and biological research.[4] He was a director of the Woodrow Wilson Foundation.[7]
Shepardson was president of Bates International Bag Company from 1928 to 1930. He was vice-president of International Railways of Central America, a transport arm of the United Fruit Company, from 1931 until 1942.[8]
After the outbreak of war in Europe he was appointed to lead the political group of the CFR's War and Peace Studies project. Following the involvement of the United States in war, he served with the Office of Strategic Services in Washington and London. In London, he was special assistant to the U.S. ambassador, and became first London head of Secret Intelligence.[9] He became head of the agency's Secret Intelligence Branch in 1943,[10] staying with the organization which would ultimately become part of the Central Intelligence Agency until 1946.
Post-war, he became director of the Carnegie Corporation's British Dominions and Colonies Fund.
From 1953 to 1956 Shepardson served as president of the National Committee for a Free Europe.
Affiliations
External Resources
- Namebase SHEPARDSON WHITNEY H
Notes
- Whitney Shepardson, 75, Dies. New York Times.
- ↑ Mark Lincoln Chawin, The Hawks of World War II, University of North Caroline Press, 1968, p.57.
- ↑ The Whitney H. Shepardson Fellowship. Council on Foreign Relations.
- ↑ Colgate's first Rhodes Scholar. Colgate University.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 The Papers of Whitney Hart Shepardson. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library.
- ↑ From Empire to International Commonwealth: A Biography of Lionel Curtis, Deborah Lavin (160)
- ↑ Whitney Hart Shepardson. fdrlibrary.marist.edu.
- ↑ Wilson Birthday Today; Foundation Will Observe 80th Anniversary of War President. New York Times.
- ↑ The International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's who, {{{author}}} ({{{pages}}})
- ↑ OSS Against the Reich: World War Two Diaries, David K.E. Bruce ({{{pages}}})
- ↑ Secret Intelligence. United States Central Intelligence Agency.
