World Economic Forum

This 'not-for-profit foundation' began in 1970 as an informal gathering of CEOs from Europe's biggest businesses. It became the World Economic Forum (WEF) in 1987. In fact it is an exclusive private club for the chief executives of the world’s largest corporations who meet annually at the Swiss ski resort of Davos to set the world's political, economic and business agenda for the year. The WEF also has numerous other more specialized meetings during the year, to network, hold private discussions, share information and ideas, foster alliances, and plan strategies for achieving common corporate goals.^[1]

This self-appointed elite purports to act 'in the spirit of entrepreneurship in the global public interest to further economic growth and social progress,' even though it is unelected and largely unaccountable. Membership is by invitation only and is restricted to corporations that have over $1 billion in sales, and banks that control over $1 billion in capital.^[2] It boasts over 1000 members and has been a major force behind the liberalisation of the world economy.

The WEF is not a decision-making body but one that has power through the financial power of its members. It wields influence through bringing the world’s top business people and top policy makers together at its meetings. Government leaders are invited to WEF meetings enabling business leaders to have high level access to government ministers, prime ministers and presidents.^[3]

Klaus Schwab, who presided over World Economic Forum (WEF) for almost 30 years, argued in 1999 that the ‘sovereign state has become obsolete’ and that the preference of the chief executives of large corporations is for national governments to become subservient to corporate and financial interests. ^[4]

The WEF produces a Global Competitiveness Report that ranks nations according to how business friendly their policies are. According to the WEF, competitiveness depends on having small government, minimal government intervention in or regulation of the market and good incentives for investment in new technologies.^[5]

In recent years the WEF have sought to present a more open, humane persona and to raise WEF’s public profile. Its meetings now have sessions that are open to carefully screened journalists and are reported on its web pages. These sessions are sometimes addressed by invited representatives of NGOs, some of whom are critics of unrestrained economic globalization. However the key part of the WEF meetings are the many private discussions that take place during these meetings and the WEF’s web pages have sections that are only accessible by members. ^[6]

The rapid growth of global communications, information technology and international business in the second half of the twentieth century has increased the need for a common platform where the stakeholders of society could be brought together to consider and advance the key issues on the global agenda. The World Economic Forum is that platform. Over the course of three decades, the Forum has grown from humble beginnings as a European economic conference into a unique global institution capable of gathering world leaders in business, government and civil society to address the major challenges confronting humanity. In line with changing global needs, the Forum is now evolving from its role as a facilitator to a more active role as a catalyst, with an increasing focus on ongoing collaborative projects to address global issues and challenges.

No other institution brings together the 'world's leadership team' way the Forum does. At the Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland, and at Regional Summits and meetings throughout the year, the main players on the global stage are asked to articulate the major problems facing the world, and to find solutions. They are brought together to form taskforces, to organize projects and to launch initiatives. They are fully engaged in the process of defining and advancing the global agenda. 1982

The first Informal Gathering of World Economic Leaders takes place on the occasion of the Annual Meeting in Davos, bringing together cabinet members of major countries with heads of international organizations (such as the World Bank, IMF, GATT). This serves as a model for similar initiatives in the global public interest, including: the Club of Media Leaders (editors-in-chief), annual Informal Gathering of heads of the world's foremost non- governmental economic research organizations, the Informal Gathering of Regional Leaders, the Informal Gathering of Global City Leaders, the Roundtable of Industry and International Organization Leaders. All take place on the occasion of the Annual Meeting in Davos.

A special Informal Gathering of Trade Ministers from 17 countries is organized in Lausanne by the foundation, which spurs the launch of the Uruguay Round.

1983 Governors Meetings, integrating the chief executive officers of the world's most important corporations, are created in specific industry sectors. These 'CEO clubs' add an industry orientation to the foundation's well established country-related activities. Today, ten such industry groups exist with more than 400 Governors.

1993 In order to reinforce the club character of its networks, the foundation limits its activities to members and to their special guests only. The foundation starts the concept of Forum Fellows nominating some 300 top experts in the political, economic, social, cultural and technological fields as pertinent advisers and contributors to its activities. The Informal Gathering of Editorialists and Commentators is created to provide the media with its own networks and with the opportunity to interact intensively with the other constituents of the Forum.

People

Executive Chairman

Klaus Schwab - Founder and Executive Chairman of the WEF.

Managing Board

In 2009, WEF's Managing Board are listed as follows^[7]:

Børge Brende - Managing Director, Regional teams, Governments and Constituents. Brende joined WEF in 2008. He has been a member of the Norwegian parliament for more than 10 years, has served as Cabinet minister of the Environment (2001-04) and as Cabinet minister of Trade and Industry (2004-05). He also served as Chairman of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (2003-04). Børge's political career began with his involvement with the Norwegian Young Conservatives in the 1980's. In the early 1990's he became CFO for KB Entreprenør (a Norwegian contracting firm) then went on to serve the Norwegian Conservative party (were he became deputy Chairman) and was a member of the Storting (the Norwegian parliament) from 1997 to 2007.
Robert Greenhill - Chief Business Officer and Managing Director (with effect of Aug 2008). Greenhill also serves as Alternate Governor for Canada on the Board of Governors of the World Bank Group and sits on the Board of Governors of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC). HIs carrer began by serving McKinsey & Company before joining Canadian aerospace and rail-transportation manufacturer, Bombardier Inc in 1995 (where he undertook several senior posts). He went on to be appointed President of the Canadian International Development Agency in 2005.
Richard Samans - Managing Director, Centre for Public-Private Partnerships. Samans joined WEF in 2001 after serving the Clinton Administration as Special Assistant to the United States President for International Economic Policy (from 1999-2001). Prior to this he was a member of the House Committee on Ways and Means (1985-88), served the Senate Banking Committee (until 1991), the Council on Foreign Relations (in London and Washington DC between 1992-93), the Competitiveness Policy Council (1993-96) and was Economic Policy Adviser to the Senate Minority Leader until 1999. Samans began his career with Credit Lyonnais USA in 1982.
André Schneider - Managing Director and Chief Operating Officer.

Funding

The WEF is funded in 3 ways, through membership fees (CHF 42,500) from the 1,000 foremost companies who are the Forum's members and partners, from partnership fees from Strategic Partners (companies that play a leading role in the Forum) and from partners in the Forum's events and from participation fees for the Annual Meeting and for regional meetings and summits.^[8]

Affiliations

Members & Partners

The WEF describes its members as being the 'companies that are driving the world economy forward. The typical Member company is a global enterprise with more than 5 billion dollars in turnover'. Their members 'Rank among the top companies within their industry and/or country' which 'Play a leading role in shaping the future of their industry and/or region'^[9]

Strategic Partners

The WEF also have 'Strategic Partners' which are described as a 'key force' in the WEF's activities at the global, regional and industry levelsCite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag

In 2009, WEF's Strategic Partners are listed as being^[10]:

Industry Partners

In addition, the WEF have Industry Partnerships which are described as serving as the World Economic Forum’s primary means for engaging its corporate partners and leveraging the Forum’s platform and global networks. According to the WEF website, 'Industry Partnership offers select industry leaders privileged access to the Forum's networks across business, government, academia and non-governmental organizations. In practice this leads to enhanced speaking opportunities, access to exclusive meetings, and a key role in shaping the Forum's agenda'.^[11]. The heads of these companies are able to attend high level WEF meetings, mandate activities in the Governors’ meeting in Davos and attend other meetings and summits such as the Annual Meeting of New Champions in China: which is held in partnership with the Chinese Government to bring them together with 'leading industry players' of the 'world’s leading fast growth companies'. Leaders of these companies will also be able to attend WEF 'private partnership meetings at regional summits throughout the year in five global regions (Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, the Middle East).'

In 2009, these Industry Partners were listed as^[12]:

* Industry Associates

Water

The World Economic Forum has in recent times recognised the urgency of the Water crisis facing the world. As such, they have prioritised Water as an urgent policy issue. Similar to other like-minded organisations, such as the World Business Council For Sustainable Development, the World Economic Forum argues for market solutions to the problems of unequal water allocation and water scarcity. These principles include placing a proper (higher) value on water. This proposal will result in their members definitely being able to afford water, with many others in the world not being able to. A situation that would in effect see their members seizing de-facto control of water. In addition, given that the vast majority of people who do without water are those who can't afford to pay, the proposal to put a higher economic value on water will exacerbate this situation and will not help the achievement of the Millenium Development Goals, which aspire to decrease the numbers of people who do without clean water and sanitation.

David Cameron Speaking at the Forum's Annual Meeting 2008

In January 2008, David Cameron participated in the World Economic Forum's annual meeting at Davos as a speaker. The House of Commons Register of Interests lists hospitality, car use, a conference pass and 'hospitality' being supplied by the Forum, with flights and accomodations supplied by the Conservative Party^[13].

References

↑ Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves: How Corporations Drive the Global Agenda, Earthscan, London, 2006, p. 1.
↑ One of the Greatest Shows on Earth, Forbes, 2 December, 1996.
↑ Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves, p. 112.
↑ Quoted in Dyan Machan, ‘Power Broker’, Forbes, 15 November, 1999 and Charles Overbeck, Davos 98: The World Economic Forum Strikes Again, ParaScope, accessed 5 September 1998.
↑ WEF, Global Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum, (accessed 6 February 2005); Craig N. Murphy, ‘Inequality, Turmoil and Democracy: Global Political-Economic Visions at the End of the Century’, New Political Economy, vol 4, no 2, 1999.
↑ Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves, p. 199.
↑ World Economic Forum Leadership Team Accessed 30th April 2009
↑ World Economic Forum FAQs:Funding Accessed 29th April 2009
↑ World Economic Forum Members and Parners Accessed 29th April 2009
↑ World Economic Forum Strategic Partners Accessed 29th April 2009
↑ World Economic Forum Industry Partnership Programme Accessed 29th April 2009
↑ World Economic Forum Industry Partners Accessed 29th April 2009
↑ UK Partliament Register of Interests Accessed 16th December 2008

[1] Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves: How Corporations Drive the Global Agenda, Earthscan, London, 2006, p. 1.

[2] One of the Greatest Shows on Earth, Forbes, 2 December, 1996.

[3] Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves, p. 112.

[4] Quoted in Dyan Machan, ‘Power Broker’, Forbes, 15 November, 1999 and Charles Overbeck, Davos 98: The World Economic Forum Strikes Again, ParaScope, accessed 5 September 1998.

[5] WEF, Global Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum, (accessed 6 February 2005); Craig N. Murphy, ‘Inequality, Turmoil and Democracy: Global Political-Economic Visions at the End of the Century’, New Political Economy, vol 4, no 2, 1999.

[6] Sharon Beder, Suiting Themselves, p. 199.

[7] World Economic Forum Leadership Team Accessed 30th April 2009

[8] World Economic Forum FAQs:Funding Accessed 29th April 2009

[9] World Economic Forum Members and Parners Accessed 29th April 2009

[10] World Economic Forum Strategic Partners Accessed 29th April 2009

[11] World Economic Forum Industry Partnership Programme Accessed 29th April 2009

[12] World Economic Forum Industry Partners Accessed 29th April 2009

[13] UK Partliament Register of Interests Accessed 16th December 2008

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World Economic Forum

Contents

From the WEF website:

People

Executive Chairman

Managing Board

Funding

Affiliations

Members & Partners

Strategic Partners

Industry Partners

Water

David Cameron Speaking at the Forum's Annual Meeting 2008

References

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