Yosef Harmelin - Revision history

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First period at Shin Bet

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[[Yosef Harmelin]] (1922-1994) was twice head of Israel's [[Shin Bet]] security agency.

==Early Life==
Harmelin was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1922. He was a member of the Zionist youth movement "Young Maccabi".<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref> Following the Anschluss with Germany, his parents fled to Mexico.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.167.</ref>

Harmelin instead immigrated to Israel in 1939, with the Youth Immigration program, and arrived at the Ben Shemen youth village, and later became a member of Kibbutz Neve Yam. In 1948 he joined the IDF and fought in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

==First period at Shin Bet==
Harmelin joined the [[Shin Bet]] in 1949 and served in several senior positions. He was appointed Deputy Director in 1960, and Director in 1964.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

Harmelin supported the abolition of military administration in Arab areas of Israel in 1966, with the aim of encouraging Arabs to integrate into Israeli society.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

Harmelin represented [[Shin Bet]] at a [[Varash]] meeting on 19 June 1967, where the agency acquired responsibility for the occupied territories conquered in the Six Day War.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.168.</ref>

He retired in 1974.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

==Subsequent career==
In the twelve years between his two periods in the ISA, Harmelin served as chairman of an oil company; Israeli ambassador in Iran and South Africa; and the supervisor of the security establishment in the office of the State Comptroller.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

==Return to Shin Bet==
Haremlin returned as head of the [[Shin Bet]] in 1986 in order to rehabilitate the organization following the "Bus 300" Affair. He retired once more in 1988.He died in 1994 at the age of 72.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:Spooks|Harmaelin, Yosef]][[Category:Israel|Harmelin, Yosef]]

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	Harmelin represented [[Shin Bet]] at a [[Varash]] meeting on 19 June 1967, where the agency acquired responsibility for the occupied territories conquered in the Six Day War.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.168.</ref>		Harmelin represented [[Shin Bet]] at a [[Varash]] meeting on 19 June 1967, where the agency acquired responsibility for the occupied territories conquered in the Six Day War.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.168.</ref>
		+
		+	In 1971, Harmelin agreed that his men would lie to the Israeli courts.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.297.</ref>

	He retired in 1974.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>		He retired in 1974.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>

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 ==Return to Shin Bet==
-Haremlin returned as head of the [[Shin Bet]] in 1986 in order to rehabilitate the organization following the "Bus 300" Affair. He retired once more in 1988.He died in 1994 at the age of 72.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>
+Harmelin returned as head of the [[Shin Bet]] in 1986 in order to rehabilitate the organization following the "Bus 300" Affair and the Landau Commission.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref><ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.299.</ref> His appointment, despite the fact that many of the practices condemned by the Landau Report had developed during his first term, was intended to restore morale at the agency.<ref>Yossi Melman and Dan Raviv, ''Every Spy a Prince: The Secret History of Israel's Intelligence Community'', Houghton Mifflin, 1991, p.299.</ref>
 ==Notes==

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 ==Subsequent career==
 In the twelve years between his two periods in the ISA, Harmelin served as chairman of an oil company; Israeli ambassador in Iran and South Africa; and the supervisor of the security establishment in the office of the State Comptroller.<ref name="Shabak">[http://www.shabak.gov.il/English/History/heads/Pages/YosefHarmelin.aspx Yosef Harmelin], Israel Security Agency, accessed 9 April 2013.</ref>
 ==Return to Shin Bet==