Geography Bot: New page: Order Shield of David, from the Jewish Echo, Jewish Chronicle and Jewish Year Books

2026-11-10T08:49:53Z

New page: Order Shield of David, from the Jewish Echo, Jewish Chronicle and Jewish Year Books

New page

{{short description|Jewish friendly society formerly called the Hebrew Order of Druids}}
'''Order Shield of David''' was a Jewish friendly society, described in the '''1924 ''Jewish Year Book''''' as “Order Shield of David (formerly called the [[Hebrew Order of Druids]])”, at '''Bank Chambers, 151 Whitechapel-rd., E.1'''. It was distinct from the [[Grand Order of Israel Friendly Society|Grand Order of Israel]]; the two orders subsequently became the [[Grand Order of Israel and Shield of David Friendly Society]].<ref name="y24">''[[The Jewish Year Book]]'', 1924, p. 75, entry headed ‘Order Shield of David (formerly called the Hebrew Order of Druids)’.</ref><ref name="c35n">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 11 January 1935, pp. 18/19, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/ODIwOThmNzktNjJmNC00?highlight=amalgamated%20order%20conference%201935 archive].</ref>

==Officers and activities==
The Echo of '''9 August 1929''' reported the annual conference at [[Derby Hall, Manchester]], on '''4–5 August'''. Bro. [[Ogus]], Grand President, presided, assisted by Bro. [[A. Jacobs]], Vice-President. Delegates voted for closer co-operation with other orders to establish an institute in Manchester, and for an effort to attract young members. A meeting under the auspices of [[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]] and [[Morris Bloch Lodge]] was to hear a report of proceedings.<ref name="e29">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 9 August 1929, p. 4, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19290809&page=4&article=014 BNA].</ref>

Grand President Bro. [[J. Goldberg]] and Grand Secretary Bro. [[M. Lipton]], M.A., of London visited Glasgow for the ceremonies of [[Grand Order of Israel Queen Esther Lodge, No. 77a|Queen Esther Lodge]] and [[Judean Memorial and Maurice Bloch Lodge]] reported in March 1933. The Chronicle’s August 1934 national report printed [[Jack Goldberg]], Grand President, and [[John Bearman]], Grand Vice-President, on the O.S.D. side.<ref name="e33">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 24 March 1933, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19330324&page=6&article=012 BNA].</ref><ref name="c34">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 17 August 1934, pp. 24/25, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/YjRjNjkwOWMtNzk3Ni00?highlight=amalgamated%20order%20conference%201935 archive].</ref>

The Echo’s '''24 August 1934''' conference report claimed that four new O.S.D. lodges had been established during the preceding year. [[Eva Bloom Lodge]] in Birmingham had gained over eighty new members and received the Order’s Silver Shield. These were reports of expansion and a particular lodge’s recruitment, not a national lodge or membership total.<ref name="e34">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 24 August 1934, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19340824&page=6&article=015 BNA].</ref>

==Scottish branches==
On '''27 July 1934''' the Echo named [[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]] and [[Grand Order of Israel Queen Esther Lodge, No. 77a|Queen Esther Lodge]] as “the two Scottish branches of the Order Shield of David”. They were to be represented at the '''5–6 August''' conference at the [[First Avenue Hotel]], London. Mr. [[W. Mundlak]], president of the men’s lodge, and Mr. [[Hyman]], described as one of its oldest members, were delegates; Mr. [[W. Mundlak]] was also selected to vote by proxy for the ladies’ lodge.<ref name="e34j">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 27 July 1934, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19340727&page=6&article=023 BNA].</ref>

*'''[[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]]''' was the men’s lodge. The Echo printed No. 78 in January and December 1928 and in August 1934, with the expanded name [[Judean Memorial and Maurice Bloch Lodge]] in the latter report. The 1942 Echo and Chronicle merger reports instead printed No. 78a.<ref name="e28">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 6 January 1928, p. 5, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19280106&page=5&article=031 BNA].</ref><ref name="e28d">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 7 December 1928, p. 5, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19281207&page=5&article=017 BNA].</ref><ref name="e34" /><ref name="e42m">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 29 May 1942, p. 7, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19420529&page=7&article=040 BNA].</ref><ref name="c42j">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 12 June 1942, p. 12, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/MWIwMWY5MDMtY2IxYy00?highlight=Maurice%20Bloch%20Lodge archive].</ref>
*'''[[Grand Order of Israel Queen Esther Lodge, No. 77a|Queen Esther Lodge]]''' was the ladies’ lodge, named at its March 1933 consecration. The Echo printed No. 77 in 1933 and still on 31 December 1937, but No. 77a on 18 March 1938. The 1947 ''Jewish Year Book'' listed No. 77a under the combined order.<ref name="e33" /><ref name="eMay">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 5 May 1933, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19330505&page=6&article=013 BNA].</ref><ref name="e37">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 31 December 1937, p. 9, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19371231&page=9&article=335 BNA].</ref><ref name="e38">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 18 March 1938, p. 13, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19380318&page=13&article=047 BNA].</ref><ref name="y47">''[[The Jewish Year Book]]'', 1947, pp. 87–89 Grand Order of Israel and Shield of David, Glasgow list.</ref>

That report does not name a third Scottish lodge of the order.

==Amalgamation with the Grand Order of Israel==
The newspaper reports describe successive decisions, rules conferences and implementation, rather than a single announcement ending the O.S.D.

===Ratification reported in January 1933===
Under “Amalgamation carried between G.O.I. and O.S.D.”, the Chronicle of '''6 January 1933''' stated: “The amalgamation between the [[Grand Order of Israel Friendly Society|Grand Order of Israel]] and the [[Order Shield of David]] has now been ratified by the contracting bodies.” The G.O.I. conference approved terms for the two Orders and their Health Insurance Sections with one dissenter. The O.S.D. met concurrently; its Grand President, [[Jack Goldberg]], outlined proposals, and its poll was reported as '''57 to 17'''. The combined Health Insurance Sections were to have a membership roll of '''14,400'''; that was not an O.S.D.-only membership figure. The report did not state that the O.S.D. had ceased.<ref name="c33">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 6 January 1933, p. 16, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/NTFlMzYzYmItMGIxZS00 archive].</ref>

===The Echo’s retrospective account, July 1934===
The Echo of '''27 July 1934''' said that “the decision to amalgamate was ratified at the London conference in December of last year at the [[Adler Hall]]”. In that article’s wording, “last year” means '''December 1933'''. This retrospective statement is separate from the Chronicle’s January 1933 report.<ref name="e34j" />

===Resolution and rules, August 1934===
In its '''17 August 1934''' report of a meeting of the [[Jewish Ex-Servicemen's Branch of the British Legion|Jewish Ex-Servicemen’s Branch]], the Echo said the conference had formally accepted a resolution recommending amalgamation of the two orders. Bro. [[Benjamin]] said the combined bodies would be known as the “[[Grand Order of Israel and Shield of David Friendly Society]]”, with headquarters at the [[G.O.I. Institute]], '''Adler Street, London'''. A further conference to accept new rules was still “to be held shortly”. The article then gave total membership of “the Order” as '''6,000'''. That figure followed the combined-name passage and cannot be assigned to the pre-merger O.S.D. alone.<ref name="e34a">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 17 August 1934, p. 7, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19340817&page=7&article=014 BNA].</ref>

The Chronicle of '''17 August 1934''' reported that special conferences had approved the terms as embodied in rules framed under the auspices of the [[Registry of Friendly Societies]] and [[Ministry of Health]]. The G.O.I. vote was unanimous; the O.S.D. resolution passed '''75 to 9'''. Confirmatory conferences were still due later in August, with complete fusion expected “by the beginning of 1935”. The O.S.D. confirmatory meeting was set for 26 August.<ref name="c34" />

The Echo of '''24 August 1934''' reported Bro. [[Mundlake]]’s account to [[Judean Memorial and Maurice Bloch Lodge]] of the London conference held on '''5–6 August''': the rules governing amalgamation had been accepted almost unanimously. On the local position, he said that the '''five G.O.I.''' and '''two O.S.D.''' Glasgow lodges would “continue to function separately until the New Year”, with ultimate fusion into one body “highly probable”. This was a forecast, not proof of local fusion at New Year.<ref name="e34" />

===“Amalgamation Accomplished”, January 1935===
The Chronicle of '''11 January 1935''' reported “Amalgamation Accomplished”. A celebration dinner was held at the [[G.O.I. Institute|Institute]], Adler Street, E.; a joint conference that morning elected officers of the united Orders:
*Grand Master — [[E. Goldman]]
*Grand Vice-Master — [[Jack Goldberg]]
*Joint Grand Treasurers — [[G. Jones]] and [[J. F. Sagar]]
The reported '''combined membership of 22,000''' belonged to the united Order, not the O.S.D. alone.<ref name="c35n" />

The '''15 February 1935''' obituary of [[E. Goldman]] called the amalgamated Order “formed early this year”. Its [[G.O.I. Institute|Club and Institute]] in '''Adler Street, Commercial Road''' also housed headquarters. Mr. [[J. Solomon]] was named Grand Secretary of the [[Grand Order of Israel and Shield of David Friendly Society]]. These statements describe the combined body without erasing the earlier ratification and rules stages.<ref name="c35f">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 15 February 1935, p. 10, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/ZGM2MjhmMmQtMjhhNi00?highlight=Grand%20Order%20of%20Israel%20and%20Shield%20of%20David%20Friendly%20Society archive].</ref>

===First annual conference reported in August 1935===
The Echo of '''16 August 1935''' reported a meeting of the [[Grand Order of Israel Scottish Subsidiary Grand Lodge|Scottish Subsidiary Grand Lodge]] at Abbotsford Place which heard an account of the '''first annual conference''' of the amalgamated order, held the previous week in London. It welcomed completion of the long negotiations and stated: “Many fusions of local G.O.I. and O.S.D. Lodges had also taken place”, calling such a step highly desirable in Glasgow. It also recorded affiliation of the two Glasgow O.S.D. lodges to the Scottish group. Bros. [[B. Linskill]] and [[J. B. Schain]] represented [[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]]; Sis. [[S. Brodie]] represented [[Grand Order of Israel Queen Esther Lodge, No. 77a|Queen Esther Lodge]].<ref name="e35">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 16 August 1935, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19350816&page=6&article=016 BNA].</ref>

==Distinct local amalgamations==
These local events were separate from the national order’s merger:
*'''1931:''' [[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]] and [[Morris Bloch Lodge]], both O.S.D. lodges, united under the name [[Judean Memorial and Morris Bloch Lodge]], according to the Echo of 10 April.<ref name="e31">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 10 April 1931, p. 6, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19310410&page=6&article=014 BNA].</ref>
*'''1933:''' the Echo of 24 March said Bro. [[Lipton]] complimented [[Judean Memorial and Maurice Bloch Lodge]] “upon its far-sightedness in amalgamating with the local Lodge of the [[Grand Order of Israel Friendly Society|Grand Order of Israel]]” and upon establishing the ladies’ lodge. The other local lodge was not named; the passage does not identify [[Grand Order of Israel Lord Rothschild Lodge, No. 18|Lord Rothschild Lodge]] or [[Grand Order of Israel Amalgamated Lodge, No. 18|Glasgow Amalgamated Lodge, No. 18]].<ref name="e33" />
*'''1942:''' [[Grand Order of Israel Lord Rothschild Lodge, No. 18|Lord Rothschild Lodge]] accepted a merger with “the Judean Memorial Maurice Bloch Lodge, No. 78a”, to commence on '''1 July 1942''', according to the Echo of 29 May. The Chronicle reported agreement on 12 June and a completed merger on 14 August, but gave no effective date. The Echo of 6 November treated the union as completed. The details belong to the history of [[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]], not the national amalgamation.<ref name="e42m" /><ref name="c42j" /><ref name="c42a">''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', 14 August 1942, pp. 10/11, [https://www.thejc.com/archive/MDhiMGNlNjctNzM0Zi00?highlight=Judean%20Memorial archive].</ref><ref name="e42n">''[[Jewish Echo]]'', 6 November 1942, p. 4, [https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.com/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0006134%2F19421106&page=4&article=011 BNA].</ref>

==See also==
*[[Grand Order of Israel Judean Memorial Lodge, No. 78|Judean Memorial Lodge]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel Queen Esther Lodge, No. 77a|Queen Esther Lodge]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel Friendly Society|Grand Order of Israel]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel and Shield of David Friendly Society]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel Scottish Subsidiary Grand Lodge|Scottish Subsidiary Grand Lodge]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel Lady Rothschild Lodge, No. 67]]
*[[Grand Order of Israel Lord Rothschild Lodge, No. 18|Lord Rothschild Lodge]]

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:Jewish organisations in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Friendly societies]]

Order Shield of David - Revision history

Geography Bot: New page: Order Shield of David, from the Jewish Echo, Jewish Chronicle and Jewish Year Books