Hard Power - Revision history

James Gallagher: /* Coercive Diplomacy */

2015-03-25T11:10:19Z

Coercive Diplomacy

James Gallagher: /* Coercive Diplomacy */

2015-03-25T11:09:18Z

Coercive Diplomacy

James Gallagher at 22:08, 24 March 2015

2015-03-24T22:08:10Z

James Gallagher: Created page with "{{Template:Propaganda badge}} Hard Power describes a nation or political body's ability to use economic incentives or military strength to influence other actors’ behav..."

2015-03-24T18:54:30Z

Created page with "{{Template:Propaganda badge}} Hard Power describes a nation or political body's ability to use economic incentives or military strength to influence other actors’ behav..."

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[[Hard Power]] describes a nation or political body's ability to use economic incentives or military strength to influence other actors’ behaviours<ref name="PublicDiplomacyWikia">Public Diplomacy Wikia, [http://publicdiplomacy.wikia.com/wiki/Hard_Power Hard Power], Public Diplomacy Wikia website, accessed 24 March 2015</ref>. In this way it is the ability to use the carrots and sticks of economic and military might to make others follow your will<ref>Joseph Nye (2004), "Smart Power in the Global Information Age: From Realism to Globalization. London, New York: Routledge</ref>.

Hard Power strategies include a wide range of measures geared toward coercing or threatening others into compliance. However, it has been argued that shows of Hard Power are much more commonly geared towards military strength rather than providing economic incentives, overemphasising military intervention, economic sanctions and coercive diplomacy<ref>Ernest Wilson (2008), "Hard Power, Soft Power, Smart Power." ''The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', March 2008, pp.110-124, Sage Publications: Los Angeles</ref>

[[Smart Power]] involves a mix of Hard Power and [[Soft Power]], the ability to attract, persuade or co-opt others<ref name="Nye2011">Joseph Nye (2011), "The Future of Power", New York: PublicAffairs, p.84</ref>.

==Resources==
*Public Diplomacy Wikia, [http://publicdiplomacy.wikia.com/wiki/Hard_Power Hard Power]: Definition and History of Hard Power
*Jan-Philipp Wagner, [http://www.e-ir.info/2014/05/14/the-effectiveness-of-soft-hard-power-in-contemporary-international-relations/ The Effectiveness of Soft & Hard Power in Contemporary International Relations]: Discussion of the Effectiveness of Hard Power

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:Propaganda Techniques]]
[[Category:Propaganda]]

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 In some cases, just the threat of military action or economic sanctions can be as useful as the real thing. This strategy, often called Coercive Diplomacy, involves an organisation reinforcing its demands to an opposing force with a threat of punishment for non-compliance that is seen as credible and potent enough to make compliance inevitable. Whether the threat of military or economic sanctions is implicit or overt, it still serves to compel others to change their behaviour<ref>Alexander George (2004), 'Coercive Diplomacy' in Robert Art and Kenneth Waltz (eds) "The Use of Force: Military Power and International Politics". U.S.A.: Roman & Littlefield, Inc.</ref>.
-Illustrations of coercive diplomacy in action can be seen in Kosovo in 1998 and between China and the United States in the early 1990’s. The President of Kosovo's consent to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199 in the Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement was influenced, according to some, by the threat of an air campaign in Kosovo by the North Atlantic Treaty Agreement ([[NATO]])<ref name="PublicDiplomacyWikia"/>. Similarly, the Memorandums of Understanding between the U.S. and China in the early 1990’s regarding IP rights were produced only after each simultaneously threatened trade sanctions<ref>Charles Baum (2001),[http://web.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa/journal1/china4.pdf Trade Sanctions and the Rule of Law: Lessons From China], Stanford University website, accessed 24 March 2015. ''Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs'' 1, February/March, pp.46-72</ref>.
+Illustrations of coercive diplomacy in action can be seen in Kosovo in 1998 and between China and the United States in the early 1990’s. The President of Kosovo's consent to the [[United Nations]] Security Council Resolution 1199 in the Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement was influenced, according to some, by the threat of an air campaign in Kosovo by the North Atlantic Treaty Agreement ([[NATO]])<ref name="PublicDiplomacyWikia"/>. Similarly, the Memorandums of Understanding between the U.S. and China in the early 1990’s regarding IP rights were produced only after each simultaneously threatened trade sanctions<ref>Charles Baum (2001),[http://web.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa/journal1/china4.pdf Trade Sanctions and the Rule of Law: Lessons From China], Stanford University website, accessed 24 March 2015. ''Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs'' 1, February/March, pp.46-72</ref>.
 ==Resources==

@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 In some cases, just the threat of military action or economic sanctions can be as useful as the real thing. This strategy, often called Coercive Diplomacy, involves an organisation reinforcing its demands to an opposing force with a threat of punishment for non-compliance that is seen as credible and potent enough to make compliance inevitable. Whether the threat of military or economic sanctions is implicit or overt, it still serves to compel others to change their behaviour<ref>Alexander George (2004), 'Coercive Diplomacy' in Robert Art and Kenneth Waltz (eds) "The Use of Force: Military Power and International Politics". U.S.A.: Roman & Littlefield, Inc.</ref>.
-Illustrations of coercive diplomacy in action can be seen in Kosovo in 1998 and between China and the United States in the early 1990’s. The President of Kosovo's consent to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199 in the Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement was influenced, according to some, by the threat of an air campaign in Kosovo by the [[North Atlantic Treaty Agreement]] (NATO)<ref name="PublicDiplomacyWikia"/>. Similarly, the Memorandums of Understanding between the U.S. and China in the early 1990’s regarding IP rights were produced only after each simultaneously threatened trade sanctions<ref>Charles Baum (2001),[http://web.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa/journal1/china4.pdf Trade Sanctions and the Rule of Law: Lessons From China], Stanford University website, accessed 24 March 2015. ''Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs'' 1, February/March, pp.46-72</ref>.
+Illustrations of coercive diplomacy in action can be seen in Kosovo in 1998 and between China and the United States in the early 1990’s. The President of Kosovo's consent to the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199 in the Milosevic-Holbrooke agreement was influenced, according to some, by the threat of an air campaign in Kosovo by the North Atlantic Treaty Agreement ([[NATO]])<ref name="PublicDiplomacyWikia"/>. Similarly, the Memorandums of Understanding between the U.S. and China in the early 1990’s regarding IP rights were produced only after each simultaneously threatened trade sanctions<ref>Charles Baum (2001),[http://web.stanford.edu/group/sjeaa/journal1/china4.pdf Trade Sanctions and the Rule of Law: Lessons From China], Stanford University website, accessed 24 March 2015. ''Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs'' 1, February/March, pp.46-72</ref>.
 ==Resources==

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Hard Power strategies include a wide range of measures geared toward coercing or threatening others into compliance. However, it has been argued that shows of Hard Power are much more commonly geared towards military strength rather than providing economic incentives, overemphasising military intervention, economic sanctions and coercive diplomacy<ref>Ernest Wilson (2008), "Hard Power, Soft Power, Smart Power." ''The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', March 2008, pp.110-124, Sage Publications: Los Angeles</ref>
@@ Line 13: / Line 45: @@
 *Public Diplomacy Wikia, [http://publicdiplomacy.wikia.com/wiki/Hard_Power Hard Power]: Definition and History of Hard Power
 *Jan-Philipp Wagner, [http://www.e-ir.info/2014/05/14/the-effectiveness-of-soft-hard-power-in-contemporary-international-relations/ The Effectiveness of Soft & Hard Power in Contemporary International Relations]: Discussion of the Effectiveness of Hard Power