Powerbase - User contributions [en]

Scotland: Portal

2009-05-29T22:34:54Z

Will:

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to the Scotland Portal</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
<table><tr><td width="48%">
Welcome to Scotland Portal on [[SpinProfiles:About|SpinProfiles]] - your guide to networks of power, lobbying and deceptive PR.
[[Image:Government-map-scotland.gif|left|298px|thumb]]
Since devolution, corporations and business groups have been very active in Scottish politics. This helps explain the emergence of numerous pro-corporate think tanks, lobbyists and corporate/state partnerships across Scottish public life. The problem with a small country such as Scotland is that big companies can exert a disproportionate influence on the political system. They have colossal lobbying influence and produce information and advice that is used by the administration to frame and formulate its policies. However this is not impartial advice from disinterested observers of the political - economic scene. This is special pleading from very interested participants who have much to gain.

Spinprofiles has a policy of [[SpinProfiles:A Guide to Referencing|strict referencing]], and is overseen by an [[User:David|editor]] and several Associate Portal editors.
</td>
<td width="40%">
===<center>Scotland’s top 20 Super-rich, 2006</center>===
:# Sir [[Tom Hunter]] Property and sports goods
:# [[Lord Laidlaw]] Conferences and media
:# [[The Grant and Gordon family]] Whisky
:# [[Keith Miller]] Construction
:# [[David Murray]] Property and football
:# Sir [[Ian Wood]] Oil services and fishing
:# [[Harry Dobson]] Mining and football
:# [[Joanne Rowling]] Novels and films
:# [[Brian Souter]] and [[Ann Gloag]] Transport
:# Sir [[Arnold Clark]] Car sales
:# [[Jim McColl]] Engineering
:# [[The Thomson family]] Media
:# [[Jim Morrison]] Mobile phones
:# [[Freddie Johnston]] Newspapers
:# [[Brian Kennedy]] Double glazing and property
:# [[Stewart Milne]] Construction
:# [[Robert Adair]] Property and oil
:# The [[Duke of Sutherland]] Land and art
:# [[Richard Emanuel]] Mobile phones and property
:# [[Graham Wylie]] Software and racehorses <ref>Source: Sunday Times Rich List, 2006, ‘Scotland’s Richest’ http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/pdfs/strlscotland.pdf</ref>

</td></tr></table>
|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #d9f7d4; background:#f6fdf5; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6fdf5;"

|-


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Elite Networks and Corporate Power</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Lobbying and PR Industry bodies==

*[[Association of Scottish Public Affairs]] - ASPA
*[[Institute of Public Relations Scotland]]

==Professional and Scientific bodies==

*[[Association for Science Education in Scotland]] [http://www.ase.org.uk].
*[[Institute of Physics]]
*[[Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] (Scottish branch) [http://www.rpsgb.org.uk].
*[[Royal Society of Chemistry]] [http://www.rsc.org].
*[[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
*[[Scottish Science Advisory Committee]]
*[[Chief Scientific Advisor to the Scottish Executive]]

==Elite Social and networking clubs==
*[[Entrepreneurial Exchange]]
*[[New Club]]
*[[Insider Elite Awards 2008]]

==Corporate Social Responsibility==
*[[Agenda]]
*[[Scottish Business in the Community]]
*[[Enviros]]

==Corporations==
*[[Halifax Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Royal Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Scottish American Investment Company]]

==Economic Consultants==

*[[Frontier Economics]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Governing Scotland</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Corporate/Government partnerships==

* [[Centre for Confidence and Well Being]]
* [[Financial Services Strategy Group]]
* [[Financial Services Advisory Board]]
* [[Futures Forum]]
* [[Forward Scotland]]
* [[Laidlaw Youth Project]]
* [[Scottish Leadership Foundation]]
* [[Scottish Parliament Business Exchange]]

==Governmental bodies==

*[[Communities Scotland]]
*[[Scottish Development International]]
*[[Scottish Enterprise]]
*[[Scottish Executive]]
*[[Scottish Parliament]]
*[[Scottish Water]]

=== Regulatory Bodies ===

*[[Water Industry Commission]] [[(WIC)]]
*[[Scottish Environmental Protection Agency]] ([[SEPA]])
*[[Waterwatch]]

|-
|}


|style="width:45%; border:1px solid #c9d7f0; background:#f6f9fd; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6f9fd;"

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">'''Priority pages on Scotland'''</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

*[[Association for Science Education in Scotland]] Their website is: http://www.ase.org.uk - What are its lobbying connections?
*[[Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] (Scottish branch) Their website is http://www.rpsgb.org.uk - Does it engage in lobbying?
*[[Scottish CBI]] - What is its relationship with the [[Scottish Government]]?
*[[Communities Scotland]]
*[[Scottish and Southern Energy]]
*[[Scottish Environmental Protection Agency]] ([[SEPA]]) - Is it protecting the environment or influenced by big business?
*[[Peter_Clarke_(journalist)|Peter Clarke]] - the right wing former Scottish correspondent of the Economist: Where is he now?
*[[Entrepreneurial Exchange]], the corporate networking club set up by [[Tom Farmer]] what does it do?
<br>

(This is a list of pages that need work - [[Special:Wantedpages|See more...]])


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Scottish Categories</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scotland Scotland]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Government Scottish Government]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:MSP MSP]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_PR_firms Scottish PR firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbying_firms Scottish lobbying firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbyists Scottish lobbyists]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Water:_Advocates_for_Privatisation_of_Scottish_water Water: Advocates for Privatisation of Scottish water]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporations Scottish Corporations]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Think_Tanks Scottish Think Tanks]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Lobby_Groups Scottish Corporate Lobby Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Elite Scottish Corporate Elite]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_NGO%27s Scottish_NGOs]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Journalists Scottish_Journalists]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Recent Changes to pages on Scotland</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scotland Scotland]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Government Scottish Government]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:MSP MSP]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_PR_firms Scottish PR firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_lobbying_firms Scottish lobbying firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_lobbyists Scottish lobbyists]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Water:_Advocates_for_Privatisation_of_Scottish_water Water: Advocates for Privatisation of Scottish water]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Corporations Scottish Corporations]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Think_Tanks Scottish Think Tanks]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Lobby_Groups Scottish Corporate Lobby Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Elite Scottish Corporate Elite]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_NGO%27s Scottish_NGOs]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Recentchangeslinked/Category:Scottish_Journalists Scottish_Journalists]

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Resources</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

|-

|}
|}


{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:-8px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#f7f3fc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f7f3fc; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#ddcef2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Getting Started</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
<h4>Looking for somewhere to start?</h4>
To learn how ''you'' can edit any article right now, visit [[Spinprofiles:About]], [[SpinProfiles:Contributing|Welcome, newcomers]], our [[Spinprofiles:Help|Help page]], [[Spinprofiles:FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]], [[SpinProfiles:Quick Guide to Editing|A quick guide to editing]] or experiment in the [[Spinprofiles:sandbox|sandbox]].

Or contribute a new article: go to [[Quick Guide to Getting Started]].

<h4>Research and Writing Tips</h4>
[[How to research front groups]] | [[Resources for studying propaganda]] | [[Research using the web]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Can you help?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
Spinprofiles can be made more effective if more people join the project. If you have research or writing skills or just spare time, you can help.

If you are unsure where to start, you could expand some of the recently created but currently very brief articles. (If you look at the [[Special:Recentchanges|recent changes page]] you will see some noted as being 'stubs' - articles that may just be a line or two and needing to be fleshed out). So if you would like to add to some of those you would be most welcome.

There is an automatically updated page which includes the pages which have been signalled by Spinprofiles users as [[Special:Wantedpages|most wanted]]. In addition there is a page which includes a list of [[SpinProfiles:Things you can do to help|Things you can do to help]].

Or if you would like some other suggestions closer to your interests you could drop Spinprofiles editor, [[User:David|David Miller]] an email. His address is editor AT spinprofiles.org

{{:Start_Menu}}

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #fffacd; background:#fffef3; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fffef3; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#fffacd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #dad26d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Spinprofiles history</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
Spinprofiles is a collaborative venture initiated by [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch] in collaboration with [http://www.lobbywatch.org Lobbywatch], [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch] [http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/ Red Star Research] and [http://www.corporatewatch.org Corporate Watch], but put into effect by a wide variety of volunteers and independent researchers.

Contributors are now working on {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles.
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
|
'''Disclaimer:''' Spinprofiles is an encyclopedia of people, issues and groups shaping the public agenda. It is a project of the [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch]—email editor AT spinprofiles.org.

'''Antispam note:''' To avoid attracting spam email robots, email addresses on Spinprofiles are written with AT in place of the usual symbol, and we have removed "mail to" links. Replace AT with the correct symbol to get a valid address. We regret the inconvenience this entails. Campaign for more effective antispam regulations.

<div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;">[[Spinprofiles:General disclaimer|Read the full disclaimer]]</div>
|}
|}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__

[[Category:Scotland]]

==Notes==
<references/>
[[Category:Scottish Elite Networking Groups]]

EU-Russia Centre

2009-04-22T14:00:00Z

Will: /* People */

==People==
[[Paddy Ashdown]]'An occasionally remunerated position as President of the [[EU-Russia Centre]] a lobbying and research organisation based in Brussels and registered under Belgian law as an NGO. The aim of the Centre is to encourage and facilitate dialogue and policy development between European governments and politicians and their opposite numbers in the Russian Federation'<ref>REGISTER OF LORDS' INTERESTS [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld/ldreg/reg04.htm ASHDOWN OF NORTON-SUB-HAMDON, Lord], Session 2006-7, accessed 27 October 2007</ref>

The EU-Russia centre is a registered lobbyist with the European Parliament, but does not appear in the European Commission's 'Register of Interest representatives'. The named parliamentary lobbyist is [[Olena Prystayko]]<ref>European Parliament Accredited Lobbyists [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/expert/lobbyAlphaOrderByOrg.do?letter=E&language=EN], accessed 22 April 2009</ref>

===ADVISORY BOARD===
====AUSTRIA====
*Dr. [[Franz Graf Batthyány]] heads [[Austrian International Consulting]] in Warsaw. He is a former first commercial attaché for Austria in London, Zurich, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf; ex-President of the [[Austrian Textile Industry]]; former Director of [[Androsch International Consulting]]/Warsaw.
====BRUSSELS / AUSTRIA====
*Dr.[[Erhard Busek]] a former Vice Chancellor of Austria, is a Special Co-ordinator of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. In addition, he is Coordinator of the [[Southeast European Cooperative Initiative]] (SECI); Special Representative of the Austrian Government for the Enlargement of the European Union; President of the [[European Forum Alpbach]], and Chairman of the [[Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe]].
====BRUSSELS / UK====
*[[Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne]], MEP. An MEP since 1999, Baroness Nicholson is Vice President of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, where her involvement focuses on Eastern Europe and the Islamic world. She is also a Member of the Subcommittee on Human Rights. Baroness Nicholson is a European Parliament Rapporteur for Jammu and Kashmir and has also served as Rapporteur for Romania and maintained a close link with this country up to its accession in 2007.
====CZECH REPUBLIC====
*[[Alexandr Vondra]] Mr. Vondra is Deputy Prime Minister for European Affairs of the Czech Republic (since January 2007) and was previously Minister of Foreign Affairs. In the past, Mr. Vondra coordinated the [[Programme of Atlantic Security Studies]] (PASS) and was involved in Prague NATO Summit and [[Forum 2000]] conference preparation. Between 1990 and 1992 he was foreign policy advisor to former president [[Václav Havel]] and served as the Czech Ambassador to the USA in 1997-2001.
====HUNGARY====
*[[György Schöpflin]], MEP. An academic and policy analyst in the UK, Mr Schöpflin retired as Jean Monnet Professor of Politics and Director of the Centre for the Study of Nationalism at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, [[University College London]], on his election as an MEP for Hungary in 2004. Mr. Schöpflin sits for the Group of the [[European People’s Party]] and European Democrats. He serves as a full member on the Parliament’s Foreign Affairs Committee, and as a substitute member on the Security and Defence Subcommittee and theConstitutional Affairs Committee.
====FRANCE====
*[[Michel Hunault]] MP, National Assembly. Mr. Hunault is Deputy (Member of Parliament) of Loire-Atlantique (UDF) and Vice-President of the [[Russia Friendship Group]]. He is a Member of the Law Select Committee; a Member of the French Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the [[Council of Europe]] and is a Judge at the High Court of Justice.
*[[Marie Mendras]] Professor at Sciences Po University and Research Fellow with the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marie Mendras is a specialist of Russia at the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales in Paris. She chairs the Observatoire de la Russie, a research group and workshop, and is the Editor of Les cahiers Russie/The Russia Papers. Her publications deal with Russian domestic politics and foreign policy.
*[[Michel Grabar]] A Lecturer in Russian literature and civilisation at the [[University of Haute Bretagne (Rennes 2)]] particularly concerned with the historical, geographical and economic problems faced by the post-Soviet states. He is a member of CREER ([[Centre de Recherche sur les Elites Europ¨¦ennes et Russes]]) at Rennes 2 University and has run a number of research projects including national ideology in Russia.
====GERMANY====
*Dr. [[Eberhard Schneider]] Dr. Schneider is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Siegen and former Senior Researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs of the “Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik,” Germany. He is accredited from the Russian State Department as a correspondent of the “EU Russia Review”.
====LITHUANIA====
*[[Laima Andrikiene]], MEP is a former Minister in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; former Director, Institute of EU Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Management, Law University of Lithuania; Past Dean, Faculty of Public Management, Law University of Lithuania.
====POLAND====
*Prof. Dr. [[Janusz Onyszkiewicz]] MEP Professor Onyszkiewicz is Vice-Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee; Member of the administration of the Centre for International Relations; Vice-Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Council; Chairman of the Council of the Institute for ‘Bridges to the East’; Chairman of the Euro-Atlantic Association Council and Chairman of the Polish Alpinism Association. He has been awarded the Manfred Wörner Medal (DE), Order of the Grand Prince Gedymin of Lithuania (LT), Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold II (BL).

====RUSSIA====
*[[Georgy Bovt]] is an independent journalist and a political observer. He has been editor in chief of “Publishing House Rodionov” business magazine group and magazine “Profil”. He previously worked as a journalist, editor and head of department of politics of daily newspaper “Kommersant” and was editorial director of newspaper “Izvestia”.
*[[Vladimir Milov]] Mr. Milov is President of the independent, non-profit, Institute of Energy Policy in Moscow. He was Deputy Minister of Energy of Russia from May to October 2002, responsible for development of the national Energy Strategy, privatisation and structural reforms within the Russian energy sector.
*[[Jens Siegert]] Mr. Siegert is Director of the Moscow office of the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Germany. He is an expert on Russian politics and particularly on Russian civil society. Prior to setting up the Heinrich Böll Foundation office in Moscow he worked more than ten years as a correspondent, mainly for German radio stations for Russia and the CIS-countries.

====SLOVAKIA====
*[[Alexander Duleba]] Mr. Duleba is Director of Research, Slovak Foreign Policy Association in Bratislava and a Member of the Academic Board of the School of Political Sciences and International Relations, University of Matej Bel in Banska Bystrica . Mr. Duleba has served as Honorary Foreign Policy Adviser to President of the Slovak Republic, Rudolf Schuster (2003 - 2004).
====SWEDEN / FINLAND====
*[[Tomas Ries]] Dr. Ries is Director of the Swedish Institute of International Affairs in Stockholm. From 1997-2004 he was Senior Researcher at the National Defence College in Finland, focussing on Finland’s security policy, EU and NATO affairs and on globalisation and security. Between 1992-1997 he was Director of the International Training Course in Geneva, Switzerland and Deputy Director of the [[Geneva Centre for Security Policy]].
====UK====
*Prof. [[Bill Bowring]] Professor Bowring is a Barrister and Professor of Law, Birkbeck, University of London and founder and first Director of the Human Rights & Social Justice Institute. He is now Chair of the European Human Rights Advocacy Centre (EHRAC). He acts as an expert on a regular basis for the Council of Europe and other international organisations on issues concerning human rights, minority rights, and rights to education.

===SUPPORT GROUP===
[[Giulietto Chiesa]] MEP (Italy)
[[Milan Gala]] MEP (Slovakia)
[[Toomas Hendrik Ilves]] President (Estonia)
[[Anne Jensen]] MEP (Denmark)
[[Cecilia Malmström]] Minister (Sweden)
[[Claude Moraes]] MEP (UK)
[[Konrad Szymanski]] MEP (Poland)
[[Inese Vaidere]] MEP (Latvia)
[[Kari Liuhto]] Turku School of Economics (Finland)
[[Rolf Fuecks]] Member of executive board, Heinrich Böll Foundation
[[Miroslav Kusy]] International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, Slovakia
[[Christian Neugebauer]] Editor of The Glocalist, Austria
[[Arpád Duka-Zólyomi]] MEP (Slovakia)
[[Milan Horáček]] MEP (Germany)

==EU-Russia Forum Members==

15 July 2007<ref>EU-Russia Centre [http://www.eu-russiacentre.org/eu-russia-forum/members EU-Russia Forum Members], Accessed 6 November 2008</ref> These are described as members of the 'Forum', the role of which is not mentioned on the Centre site. It is assumed that these are the organisations that fund the Centre.

===Corporates===
* [[AIG]]
* [[Arcelor Mittal]]
* [[Telenor]]
* [[UPS]]
* [[Statoil Hydro]]
* [[International Power]]

===Government Ministries of Foreign Affairs===

* Austria
* Finland
* Greece

==Affiliations==
*[[Precise Public Affairs]], declare the Centre as a client in 2008
==Notes==
<references/>
[[Category:Think Tanks]]

EU-Russia Centre

2009-04-22T13:52:20Z

Will: /* People */

==People==
[[Paddy Ashdown]]'An occasionally remunerated position as President of the [[EU-Russia Centre]] a lobbying and research organisation based in Brussels and registered under Belgian law as an NGO. The aim of the Centre is to encourage and facilitate dialogue and policy development between European governments and politicians and their opposite numbers in the Russian Federation'<ref>REGISTER OF LORDS' INTERESTS [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld/ldreg/reg04.htm ASHDOWN OF NORTON-SUB-HAMDON, Lord], Session 2006-7, accessed 27 October 2007</ref>

The EU-Russia centre is a registered lobbyist with the European Parliament, but does not appear in the European Commission's 'Register ofInterest representatives'. The named lobbyist is [[Olena Prystayko]]<ref>European Parliament Accredited Lobbyists [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/parliament/expert/lobbyAlphaOrderByOrg.do?letter=E&language=EN], accessed 22 April 2009</ref>

===ADVISORY BOARD===
====AUSTRIA====
*Dr. [[Franz Graf Batthyány]] heads [[Austrian International Consulting]] in Warsaw. He is a former first commercial attaché for Austria in London, Zurich, Frankfurt and Düsseldorf; ex-President of the [[Austrian Textile Industry]]; former Director of [[Androsch International Consulting]]/Warsaw.
====BRUSSELS / AUSTRIA====
*Dr.[[Erhard Busek]] a former Vice Chancellor of Austria, is a Special Co-ordinator of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. In addition, he is Coordinator of the [[Southeast European Cooperative Initiative]] (SECI); Special Representative of the Austrian Government for the Enlargement of the European Union; President of the [[European Forum Alpbach]], and Chairman of the [[Institute for the Danube Region and Central Europe]].
====BRUSSELS / UK====
*[[Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne]], MEP. An MEP since 1999, Baroness Nicholson is Vice President of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, where her involvement focuses on Eastern Europe and the Islamic world. She is also a Member of the Subcommittee on Human Rights. Baroness Nicholson is a European Parliament Rapporteur for Jammu and Kashmir and has also served as Rapporteur for Romania and maintained a close link with this country up to its accession in 2007.
====CZECH REPUBLIC====
*[[Alexandr Vondra]] Mr. Vondra is Deputy Prime Minister for European Affairs of the Czech Republic (since January 2007) and was previously Minister of Foreign Affairs. In the past, Mr. Vondra coordinated the [[Programme of Atlantic Security Studies]] (PASS) and was involved in Prague NATO Summit and [[Forum 2000]] conference preparation. Between 1990 and 1992 he was foreign policy advisor to former president [[Václav Havel]] and served as the Czech Ambassador to the USA in 1997-2001.
====HUNGARY====
*[[György Schöpflin]], MEP. An academic and policy analyst in the UK, Mr Schöpflin retired as Jean Monnet Professor of Politics and Director of the Centre for the Study of Nationalism at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, [[University College London]], on his election as an MEP for Hungary in 2004. Mr. Schöpflin sits for the Group of the [[European People’s Party]] and European Democrats. He serves as a full member on the Parliament’s Foreign Affairs Committee, and as a substitute member on the Security and Defence Subcommittee and theConstitutional Affairs Committee.
====FRANCE====
*[[Michel Hunault]] MP, National Assembly. Mr. Hunault is Deputy (Member of Parliament) of Loire-Atlantique (UDF) and Vice-President of the [[Russia Friendship Group]]. He is a Member of the Law Select Committee; a Member of the French Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the [[Council of Europe]] and is a Judge at the High Court of Justice.
*[[Marie Mendras]] Professor at Sciences Po University and Research Fellow with the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marie Mendras is a specialist of Russia at the Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches Internationales in Paris. She chairs the Observatoire de la Russie, a research group and workshop, and is the Editor of Les cahiers Russie/The Russia Papers. Her publications deal with Russian domestic politics and foreign policy.
*[[Michel Grabar]] A Lecturer in Russian literature and civilisation at the [[University of Haute Bretagne (Rennes 2)]] particularly concerned with the historical, geographical and economic problems faced by the post-Soviet states. He is a member of CREER ([[Centre de Recherche sur les Elites Europ¨¦ennes et Russes]]) at Rennes 2 University and has run a number of research projects including national ideology in Russia.
====GERMANY====
*Dr. [[Eberhard Schneider]] Dr. Schneider is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Siegen and former Senior Researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs of the “Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik,” Germany. He is accredited from the Russian State Department as a correspondent of the “EU Russia Review”.
====LITHUANIA====
*[[Laima Andrikiene]], MEP is a former Minister in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; former Director, Institute of EU Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Management, Law University of Lithuania; Past Dean, Faculty of Public Management, Law University of Lithuania.
====POLAND====
*Prof. Dr. [[Janusz Onyszkiewicz]] MEP Professor Onyszkiewicz is Vice-Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee; Member of the administration of the Centre for International Relations; Vice-Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Council; Chairman of the Council of the Institute for ‘Bridges to the East’; Chairman of the Euro-Atlantic Association Council and Chairman of the Polish Alpinism Association. He has been awarded the Manfred Wörner Medal (DE), Order of the Grand Prince Gedymin of Lithuania (LT), Grand Cross of the Order of Leopold II (BL).

====RUSSIA====
*[[Georgy Bovt]] is an independent journalist and a political observer. He has been editor in chief of “Publishing House Rodionov” business magazine group and magazine “Profil”. He previously worked as a journalist, editor and head of department of politics of daily newspaper “Kommersant” and was editorial director of newspaper “Izvestia”.
*[[Vladimir Milov]] Mr. Milov is President of the independent, non-profit, Institute of Energy Policy in Moscow. He was Deputy Minister of Energy of Russia from May to October 2002, responsible for development of the national Energy Strategy, privatisation and structural reforms within the Russian energy sector.
*[[Jens Siegert]] Mr. Siegert is Director of the Moscow office of the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Germany. He is an expert on Russian politics and particularly on Russian civil society. Prior to setting up the Heinrich Böll Foundation office in Moscow he worked more than ten years as a correspondent, mainly for German radio stations for Russia and the CIS-countries.

====SLOVAKIA====
*[[Alexander Duleba]] Mr. Duleba is Director of Research, Slovak Foreign Policy Association in Bratislava and a Member of the Academic Board of the School of Political Sciences and International Relations, University of Matej Bel in Banska Bystrica . Mr. Duleba has served as Honorary Foreign Policy Adviser to President of the Slovak Republic, Rudolf Schuster (2003 - 2004).
====SWEDEN / FINLAND====
*[[Tomas Ries]] Dr. Ries is Director of the Swedish Institute of International Affairs in Stockholm. From 1997-2004 he was Senior Researcher at the National Defence College in Finland, focussing on Finland’s security policy, EU and NATO affairs and on globalisation and security. Between 1992-1997 he was Director of the International Training Course in Geneva, Switzerland and Deputy Director of the [[Geneva Centre for Security Policy]].
====UK====
*Prof. [[Bill Bowring]] Professor Bowring is a Barrister and Professor of Law, Birkbeck, University of London and founder and first Director of the Human Rights & Social Justice Institute. He is now Chair of the European Human Rights Advocacy Centre (EHRAC). He acts as an expert on a regular basis for the Council of Europe and other international organisations on issues concerning human rights, minority rights, and rights to education.

===SUPPORT GROUP===
[[Giulietto Chiesa]] MEP (Italy)
[[Milan Gala]] MEP (Slovakia)
[[Toomas Hendrik Ilves]] President (Estonia)
[[Anne Jensen]] MEP (Denmark)
[[Cecilia Malmström]] Minister (Sweden)
[[Claude Moraes]] MEP (UK)
[[Konrad Szymanski]] MEP (Poland)
[[Inese Vaidere]] MEP (Latvia)
[[Kari Liuhto]] Turku School of Economics (Finland)
[[Rolf Fuecks]] Member of executive board, Heinrich Böll Foundation
[[Miroslav Kusy]] International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, Slovakia
[[Christian Neugebauer]] Editor of The Glocalist, Austria
[[Arpád Duka-Zólyomi]] MEP (Slovakia)
[[Milan Horáček]] MEP (Germany)

==EU-Russia Forum Members==

15 July 2007<ref>EU-Russia Centre [http://www.eu-russiacentre.org/eu-russia-forum/members EU-Russia Forum Members], Accessed 6 November 2008</ref> These are described as members of the 'Forum', the role of which is not mentioned on the Centre site. It is assumed that these are the organisations that fund the Centre.

===Corporates===
* [[AIG]]
* [[Arcelor Mittal]]
* [[Telenor]]
* [[UPS]]
* [[Statoil Hydro]]
* [[International Power]]

===Government Ministries of Foreign Affairs===

* Austria
* Finland
* Greece

==Affiliations==
*[[Precise Public Affairs]], declare the Centre as a client in 2008
==Notes==
<references/>
[[Category:Think Tanks]]

MEPedia

2009-03-10T09:14:48Z

Will:

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to the MEPedia Portal on Spinprofiles </h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

<table><tr><td width="48%">
[[Image:European_Parliament.jpg|right|thumb|200px|European Parliament]]
'''Welcome to the MEPedia Portal on [[SpinProfiles:About|SpinProfiles]]. It profiles current Members of the European Parliament focusing in particular on issues of transparency, conflict of interest and the revolving door. An A-Z list of articles on both individuals and institutions is''' [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Terrorism_Spin '''here'''].

The editors of the MEPedia Portal are [[User:Will|Will Dinan]] and [[User:Barcin_Uluisik|Barçın Uluışık]].

SpinProfiles has a policy of [[SpinProfiles:A Guide to Referencing|strict referencing]] and is overseen by a [[User:Claire Robinson|managing editor]] and a [[User:David|sysop]] and several Associate Portal editors.
</td>
|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #d9f7d4; background:#f6fdf5; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6fdf5;"


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">What is MEPedia?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

MEPedia is a resource for members of the public across Europe to find out basic information about selected MEPs, their financial and political interests, and their voting history and comments on issues related to transparency, accountability and conflicts of interest. We hope that these webpages will become a useful tool for European citizens to track the performance of their elected representatives in Brussels. At present this site is only available in English, but we hope, over time, to expand to include more languages, more profiles, and more issues.


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">European Parliament Elections 2009</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
[[Image:EU_Insigna.png|right|200px|thumb]]
European Parliament elections will take place from 04-07 June 2009. Eleven part-sessions will take place in Strasbourg and four two-day part-sessions will take place in Brussels.<ref>European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/008-29480-140-05-21-901-20080520IPR29479-19-05-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm Calendar of part-sessions 2009 - European elections 4-7 June 2009], accessed 07 March 2009.</ref>

-more info goes here-


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Research</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
text here

|-
|}


|style="width:45%; border:1px solid #c9d7f0; background:#f6f9fd; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6f9fd;"


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Categories</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

All pages associated with the MEPedia Portal are listed [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:MEPedia here.]

There are also a number of distinct categories listed below:
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:MEP MEP] - Pages on MEPs
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Conflicts_of_Interest Conflicts of Interest] - Pages on MEPs with conflicting interests
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Revolving_door Revolving Door] - Pages on people who change have taken positions in both government and private corporations


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">New pages on SpinProfiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Newest_pages_and_recent_changes}}


|-
|}
|}



<h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">References and Resources</h2>
*European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/008-29480-140-05-21-901-20080520IPR29479-19-05-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm Calendar of part-sessions 2009 - European elections 4-7 June 2009], accessed 07 March 2009.
*European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/members.do?language=en Your MEPs], accessed 07 March 2009.
*Friends of the Earth, [http://www.foeeurope.org/euvotewatch/support_docs/learnmore.php EU Vote Watch], accessed 07 March 2009.
*Rowell, Andy, "[http://spinwatch.org/images/too%20close%20for%20comfort.pdf Too Close for Comfort?]" Spinwatch, July 2008, accessed 26 November 2008.


{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:-8px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#f7f3fc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f7f3fc; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#ddcef2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Getting Started</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
<h4>Looking for somewhere to start?</h4>
To learn how ''you'' can edit any article right now, visit [[SpinProfiles: About]], [[SpinProfiles:Contributing|Welcome, newcomers]], our [[SpinProfiles:Help|Help page]], [[SpinProfiles:FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]], [[SpinProfiles:Quick Guide to Editing|A quick guide to editing]] or experiment in the [[SpinProfiles:sandbox|sandbox]].

Or contribute a new article: go to [[Quick Guide to Getting Started]].

<h4>Research and Writing Tips</h4>
[[How to research front groups]] | [[Resources for studying propaganda]] | [[Research using the web]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Can you help?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
SpinProfiles can be made more effective if more people join the project. If you have research or writing skills or just spare time, you can help.

If you are unsure where to start, you could expand some of the recently created but currently very brief articles. (If you look at the [[Special:Recentchanges|recent changes page]] you will see some noted as being 'stubs' - articles that may just be a line or two and needing to be fleshed out). So if you would like to add to some of those you would be most welcome.

There is an automatically updated page which includes the pages which have been signalled by SpinProfiles users as [[Special:Wantedpages|most wanted]]. In addition there is a page which includes a list of [[SpinProfiles:Things you can do to help|Things you can do to help]].

Or if you would like some other suggestions closer to your interests you could drop SpinProfiles editor, [[User:David|David Miller]] an email. His address is editor AT spinprofiles.org

{{:Start_Menu}}

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #fffacd; background:#fffef3; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fffef3; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#fffacd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #dad26d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">SpinProfiles History</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
SpinProfiles is a collaborative venture initiated by [http://www.spinwatch.org SpinWatch] in collaboration with [http://www.lobbywatch.org LobbyWatch], [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch] [http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/ Red Star Research] and [http://www.corporatewatch.org Corporate Watch], but put into effect by a wide variety of volunteers and independent researchers.

Contributors are now working on {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles.
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
|
'''Disclaimer:''' SpinProfiles is an encyclopaedia of people, issues and groups shaping the public agenda. It is a project of the [http://www.spinwatch.org SpinWatch].

'''Antispam note:''' To avoid attracting spam email robots, email addresses on SpinProfiles are written with AT in place of the usual symbol, and we have removed "mail to" links. Replace AT with the correct symbol to get a valid address. We regret the inconvenience this entails. Campaign for more effective antispam regulations.

'''Email:''' editor AT spinprofiles.org.

<div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;">[[SpinProfiles:General disclaimer|Read the full disclaimer]]</div>
|}
|}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:MEPedia]]

MEPedia

2009-03-10T09:12:31Z

Will:

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to the MEPedia Portal on Spinprofiles </h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

<table><tr><td width="48%">
[[Image:European_Parliament.jpg|right|thumb|200px|European Parliament]]
'''Welcome to the MEPedia Portal on [[SpinProfiles:About|SpinProfiles]]. It profiles current Members of the European Parliament focusing in particular on issues of transparency, conflict of interest and the revolving door. An A-Z list of articles on both individuals and institutions is''' [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Terrorism_Spin '''here'''].

The editors of the MEPedia Portal are [[User:Will|Will Dinan]] and [[User:Barcin_Uluisik|Barçın Uluışık]].

SpinProfiles has a policy of [[SpinProfiles:A Guide to Referencing|strict referencing]] and is overseen by a [[User:Claire Robinson|managing editor]] and a [[User:David|sysop]] and several Associate Portal editors.
</td>
|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #d9f7d4; background:#f6fdf5; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6fdf5;"


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">What is MEPedia?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

MEPedia is a resource for members of the public across Europe to find out basic information about selected MEPs, their financial and political interests, and their voting history and comments on issues related to transparency, accountability and conflicts of interest. We hope that these webpages will become a useful tool for European citizens to track the eprformance of their elected representatives in Brussels. At present this site is only available in English, but we hope, over time, to expand to include more languages, more profiles, and more issues.


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">European Parliament Elections 2009</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
[[Image:EU_Insigna.png|right|200px|thumb]]
European Parliament elections will take place from 04-07 June 2009. Eleven part-sessions will take place in Strasbourg and four two-day part-sessions will take place in Brussels.<ref>European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/008-29480-140-05-21-901-20080520IPR29479-19-05-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm Calendar of part-sessions 2009 - European elections 4-7 June 2009], accessed 07 March 2009.</ref>

-more info goes here-


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Research</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
text here

|-
|}


|style="width:45%; border:1px solid #c9d7f0; background:#f6f9fd; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6f9fd;"


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Categories</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

All pages associated with the MEPedia Portal are listed [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:MEPedia here.]

There are also a number of distinct categories listed below:
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:MEP MEP] - Pages on MEPs
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Conflicts_of_Interest Conflicts of Interest] - Pages on MEPs with conflicting interests
* [http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Revolving_door Revolving Door] - Pages on people who change have taken positions in both government and private corporations


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">New pages on SpinProfiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Newest_pages_and_recent_changes}}


|-
|}
|}



<h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">References and Resources</h2>
*European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/008-29480-140-05-21-901-20080520IPR29479-19-05-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm Calendar of part-sessions 2009 - European elections 4-7 June 2009], accessed 07 March 2009.
*European Parliament, [http://www.europarl.europa.eu/members.do?language=en Your MEPs], accessed 07 March 2009.
*Friends of the Earth, [http://www.foeeurope.org/euvotewatch/support_docs/learnmore.php EU Vote Watch], accessed 07 March 2009.
*Rowell, Andy, "[http://spinwatch.org/images/too%20close%20for%20comfort.pdf Too Close for Comfort?]" Spinwatch, July 2008, accessed 26 November 2008.


{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:-8px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#f7f3fc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f7f3fc; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#ddcef2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Getting Started</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
<h4>Looking for somewhere to start?</h4>
To learn how ''you'' can edit any article right now, visit [[SpinProfiles: About]], [[SpinProfiles:Contributing|Welcome, newcomers]], our [[SpinProfiles:Help|Help page]], [[SpinProfiles:FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]], [[SpinProfiles:Quick Guide to Editing|A quick guide to editing]] or experiment in the [[SpinProfiles:sandbox|sandbox]].

Or contribute a new article: go to [[Quick Guide to Getting Started]].

<h4>Research and Writing Tips</h4>
[[How to research front groups]] | [[Resources for studying propaganda]] | [[Research using the web]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Can you help?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
SpinProfiles can be made more effective if more people join the project. If you have research or writing skills or just spare time, you can help.

If you are unsure where to start, you could expand some of the recently created but currently very brief articles. (If you look at the [[Special:Recentchanges|recent changes page]] you will see some noted as being 'stubs' - articles that may just be a line or two and needing to be fleshed out). So if you would like to add to some of those you would be most welcome.

There is an automatically updated page which includes the pages which have been signalled by SpinProfiles users as [[Special:Wantedpages|most wanted]]. In addition there is a page which includes a list of [[SpinProfiles:Things you can do to help|Things you can do to help]].

Or if you would like some other suggestions closer to your interests you could drop SpinProfiles editor, [[User:David|David Miller]] an email. His address is editor AT spinprofiles.org

{{:Start_Menu}}

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #fffacd; background:#fffef3; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fffef3; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#fffacd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #dad26d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">SpinProfiles History</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
SpinProfiles is a collaborative venture initiated by [http://www.spinwatch.org SpinWatch] in collaboration with [http://www.lobbywatch.org LobbyWatch], [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch] [http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/ Red Star Research] and [http://www.corporatewatch.org Corporate Watch], but put into effect by a wide variety of volunteers and independent researchers.

Contributors are now working on {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles.
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
|
'''Disclaimer:''' SpinProfiles is an encyclopaedia of people, issues and groups shaping the public agenda. It is a project of the [http://www.spinwatch.org SpinWatch].

'''Antispam note:''' To avoid attracting spam email robots, email addresses on SpinProfiles are written with AT in place of the usual symbol, and we have removed "mail to" links. Replace AT with the correct symbol to get a valid address. We regret the inconvenience this entails. Campaign for more effective antispam regulations.

'''Email:''' editor AT spinprofiles.org.

<div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;">[[SpinProfiles:General disclaimer|Read the full disclaimer]]</div>
|}
|}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:MEPedia]]

Scottish American Investment Company

2008-11-02T04:48:35Z

Will:

[[Menzies Campbell]] register of interests, February 2008, declares a directorship of Scottish American Investment Company PLC worth between £15,001-£20,000
http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?d=2008-02-26#10088

[[Janet Morgan]] is non executive board member and author of 'The Secrets of Rue St Roch', which "tells the exciting story of Captain George Bruce (later Lord Balfour of Burleigh and father of the present Lord Balfour) and the underground espionage mission which he set up behind enemy lines."
http://www.clacksweb.org.uk/council/press/?release=1217

Scottish American Investment Company

2008-11-02T04:48:07Z

Will:

[[Menzies Campbell]] register of interests, February 2008, declares a directorship of Scottish American Investment Company PLC worth between £15,001-£20,000
http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?d=2008-02-26#10088

[[Janet Morgan]]non executive board member and author of 'The Secrets of Rue St Roch', which "tells the exciting story of Captain George Bruce (later Lord Balfour of Burleigh and father of the present Lord Balfour) and the underground espionage mission which he set up behind enemy lines."
http://www.clacksweb.org.uk/council/press/?release=1217

Scottish American Investment Company

2008-11-02T04:35:45Z

Will:

Scottish American Investment Company

2008-11-02T04:30:46Z

Will:

[[Menzies Campbell]] register of interests, February 2008, reveals Scottish American Investment Company PLC (£15,001-£20,000)

Scotland: Portal

2008-11-02T04:13:28Z

Will:

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to Spinprofiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

<table><tr><td width="48%">
Welcome to Scotland Portal on [[SpinProfiles:About|Spinprofiles]]—your guide to networks of power, lobbying and deceptive PR.

Since devolution, corporations and business groups have been very active in Scottish politics. This helps explain the emergence of numerous pro-corporate think tanks, lobbyists and corporate/state partnerships across Scottish public life.

Spinprofiles has a policy of [[SpinProfiles:A Guide to Referencing|strict referencing]], and is overseen by an [[User:David|editor]] and several Associate Portal editors.
</td>
<td width="50%">
<center>'''Tag and Category Cloud'''</center>
{{:Tag_Cloud}}


</td></tr></table>
|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #d9f7d4; background:#f6fdf5; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6fdf5;"

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Scottish Categories</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Categories==
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scotland Scotland]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish Government Scottish Government]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_PR_firms Scottish PR firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbying_firms Scottish lobbying firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbyists Scottish lobbyists]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Water:_Advocates_for_Privatisation_of_Scottish_water Water: Advocates for Privatisation of Scottish water]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporations Scottish Corporations]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Think_Tanks Scottish Think Tanks]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Lobby_Groups Scottish Corporate Lobby Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Elite Scottish Corporate Elite]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups]

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Elite Networks and Corporate Power</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

== Think tanks ==

* [[David Hume Institute]]
* [[Fraser of Allander Institute]]
* [[International Futures Forum]]
* [[International Institute for Environment and Development]]
* [[John Wheatley Centre]]
* [[Policy Institute]]
* [[Scottish Council Foundation]]

==Corporate lobby groups==
* [[Scottish Financial Enterprise]]
* [[Scottish Quality Salmon]]

==Lobbying and PR Industry bodies==

*[[Association of Scottish Public Affairs]] - ASPA
*[[Institute of Public Relations Scotland]]

==Professional and Scientific bodies==

*[[Association for Science Education in Scotland]] [http://www.ase.org.uk].
*[[Institute of Physics]]
*[[Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] (Scottish branch) [http://www.rpsgb.org.uk].
*[[Royal Society of Chemistry]] [http://www.rsc.org].
*[[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
*[[Scottish Science Advisory Committee]]
*[[Chief Scientific Advisor to the Scottish Executive]]

==Elite Social and networking clubs==
*[[Entrepreneurial Exchange]]
*[[New Club]]

==Corporate Social Responsibility==
*[[Agenda]]
*[[Scottish Business in the Community]]
*[[Enviros]]

==Corporations==
*[[British Energy]]
*[[FirstGroup]]
*[[Halifax Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Royal Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Scottish Power]]
*[[Scottish and Newcastle]]
*[[Scottish and Southern Energy]]
*[[Standard Life Assurance]]
*[[Scottish American Investment Company]]

==Economic Consultants==

*[[Frontier Economics]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Governing Scotland</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Corporate/Government partnerships==

* [[Centre for Confidence and Well Being]]
* [[Financial Services Strategy Group]]
* [[Financial Services Advisory Board]]
* [[Futures Forum]]
* [[Forward Scotland]]
* [[Laidlaw Youth Project]]
* [[Scottish Leadership Foundation]]
* [[Scottish Parliament Business Exchange]]

==Governmental bodies==

*[[Communities Scotland]]
*[[Scottish Development International]]
*[[Scottish Enterprise]]
*[[Scottish Executive]]
*[[Scottish Parliament]]
*[[Scottish Water]]

=== Regulatory Bodies ===

*[[Water Industry Commission]] [[(WIC)]]
*[[Scottish Environmental Protection Agency]] [[(SEPA)]]
*[[Waterwatch]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Recent Articles on Scotland SpinWatch</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Rss_Scotland_News}}



|-
|}


|style="width:45%; border:1px solid #c9d7f0; background:#f6f9fd; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6f9fd;"

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">New pages on Spinprofiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Newest_pages_and_recent_changes}}



|-


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Popular articles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
To see which pages are most read check the list of [[Special:Popularpages|most popular pages]] on Spinprofiles. To see the pages which do not exist but are most wanted by Spinprofiles users see the [[Special:Wantedpages|Most Wanted pages]]. The [[Priority profiles]] page lists organisations that Spinprofiles users would like contributors to help with.

<table><tr><td>
<DynamicArticleList>
title=Most Popular Articles
type=hot
count=10
<br>
[[Special:Popularpages|See More...]]
</DynamicArticleList>
</td><td>
==Most Wanted pages==
# [[Conservative Party]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Conservative_Party 46 links])
# [[George W. Bush]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=George_W._Bush 39 links])
# [[Ronald Reagan]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Ronald_Reagan 35 links])
# [[General Motors]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=General_Motors 34 links])
# [[Bill Clinton]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Bill_Clinton 33 links])
# [[United Nations]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=United_Nations 32 links])
# [[AT&T]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=AT&T 32 links])
# [[John Major]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=John_Major 28 links])
# [[National Security Council]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=National_Security_Council 28 links])
# [[The Times]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=The_Times 28 links])
<br>
[[Special:Wantedpages|See more...]]
</td></tr>
</table>
|-

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:-8px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#f7f3fc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f7f3fc; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#ddcef2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Getting Started</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
<h4>Looking for somewhere to start?</h4>
To learn how ''you'' can edit any article right now, visit [[Spinprofiles:About]], [[SpinProfiles:Contributing|Welcome, newcomers]], our [[Spinprofiles:Help|Help page]], [[Spinprofiles:FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]], [[SpinProfiles:Quick Guide to Editing|A quick guide to editing]] or experiment in the [[Spinprofiles:sandbox|sandbox]].

<h4>Research and Writing Tips</h4>
[[Spinprofiles:Article guidelines|Article guidelines]] | [[How to research front groups]] | [[Resources for studying propaganda]] | [[Research using the web]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Can you help?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
Spinprofiles can be made more effective if more people join the project. If you have research or writing skills or just spare time, you can help.

If you are unsure where to start, you could expand some of the recently created but currently very brief articles. (If you look at the [[Special:Recentchanges|recent changes page]] you will see some noted as being 'stubs' - articles that may just be a line or two and needing to be fleshed out). So if you would like to add to some of those you would be most welcome.

There is an automatically updated page which includes the pages which have been signalled by Spinprofiles users as [[Special:Wantedpages|most wanted]]. In addition there is a page which includes a list of [[SpinProfiles:Things you can do to help|Things you can do to help]].

Or if you would like some other suggestions closer to your interests you could drop Spinprofiles editor, [[User:David|David Miller]] an email. His address is editor AT spinprofiles.org

{{:Start_Menu}}

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #fffacd; background:#fffef3; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fffef3; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#fffacd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #dad26d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Spinprofiles history</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
Spinprofiles is a collaborative venture initiated by [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch] in collaboration with [http://www.lobbywatch.org Lobbywatch], [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch] [http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/ Red Star Research] and [http://www.corporatewatch.org Corporate Watch], but put into effect by a wide variety of volunteers and independent researchers.

Contributors are now working on {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles.
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
|
'''Disclaimer:''' Spinprofiles is an encyclopedia of people, issues and groups shaping the public agenda. It is a project of the [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch]—email editor AT spinprofiles.org.

'''Antispam note:''' To avoid attracting spam email robots, email addresses on Spinprofiles are written with AT in place of the usual symbol, and we have removed "mail to" links. Replace AT with the correct symbol to get a valid address. We regret the inconvenience this entails. Campaign for more effective antispam regulations.

<div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;">[[Spinprofiles:General disclaimer|Read the full disclaimer]]</div>
|}
|}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__

[[Category:Scotland]]

==Notes==
<references/>
[[Category:Scottish Elite Networking Groups]]

BP: Scottish Advisory Board

2008-11-02T04:05:43Z

Will:

In 1998 the Scottish Advisory Board of BP was as follows:

*Sir [[Robin Duthie]] CBE, Vice Chairman, BP Scottish Advisory Board;
*The [[Lord Gordon of Strathblane]] CBE, Chairman, Scottish Radio Holdings plc;
*Sir [[Angus Grossart]] CBE, Chairman and Managing Director, Noble Grossart;
*Mrs [[Barbara Kelly]] CBE, President, Rural Forum Scotland;
*Mr [[James Miller]] CBE, Chairman and Managing Director, Miller Group Limited;
*Mr [[Kenneth Munro]], Head of Representation in Scotland, European Commission;
*Baroness [[Elizabeth Smith]], Member of the House of Lords;
*Mr [[Alan Bilsland]], Works General Manager, BP Chemicals Limited;
*Mr [[Alan Jones]], Director, BP Scotland;
*Mr [[Richard Newton]], Regional Director, BP Europe and Algeria;
*Mr [[John Williams]], General Manager, BP Oil Grangemouth Refinery Limited; and
*Mr [[Crawford Gordon]], Secretary to BP Scottish Advisory Board.
Source: http://www.scottishpolicynet.org.uk/scf/publications/paper_8/appendix.shtml
[[Category: Transnational Corporations]][[Category: Oil Industry]][[Category:Scottish Corporations]]

Scotland: Portal

2008-11-01T23:17:27Z

Will:

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Welcome to Spinprofiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

<table><tr><td width="48%">
Welcome to Scotland Portal on [[SpinProfiles:About|Spinprofiles]]—your guide to networks of power, lobbying and deceptive PR.

Since devolution, corporations and business groups have been very active in Scottish politics. This helps explain the emergence of numerous pro-corporate think tanks, lobbyists and corporate/state partnerships across Scottish public life.

Spinprofiles has a policy of [[SpinProfiles:A Guide to Referencing|strict referencing]], and is overseen by an [[User:David|editor]] and several Associate Portal editors.
</td>
<td width="50%">
<center>'''Tag and Category Cloud'''</center>
{{:Tag_Cloud}}


</td></tr></table>
|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #d9f7d4; background:#f6fdf5; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6fdf5;"

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Scottish Categories</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Categories==
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scotland Scotland]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish Government Scottish Government]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_PR_firms Scottish PR firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbying_firms Scottish lobbying firms]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_lobbyists Scottish lobbyists]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Water:_Advocates_for_Privatisation_of_Scottish_water Water: Advocates for Privatisation of Scottish water]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporations Scottish Corporations]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Think_Tanks Scottish Think Tanks]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Lobby_Groups Scottish Corporate Lobby Groups]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Corporate_Elite Scottish Corporate Elite]
*[http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Category:Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups Scottish_Elite_Networking_Groups]

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Elite Networks and Corporate Power</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

== Think tanks ==

* [[David Hume Institute]]
* [[Fraser of Allander Institute]]
* [[International Futures Forum]]
* [[International Institute for Environment and Development]]
* [[John Wheatley Centre]]
* [[Policy Institute]]
* [[Scottish Council Foundation]]

==Corporate lobby groups==
* [[Scottish Financial Enterprise]]
* [[Scottish Quality Salmon]]

==Lobbying and PR Industry bodies==

*[[Association of Scottish Public Affairs]] - ASPA
*[[Institute of Public Relations Scotland]]

==Professional and Scientific bodies==

*[[Association for Science Education in Scotland]] [http://www.ase.org.uk].
*[[Institute of Physics]]
*[[Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] (Scottish branch) [http://www.rpsgb.org.uk].
*[[Royal Society of Chemistry]] [http://www.rsc.org].
*[[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
*[[Scottish Science Advisory Committee]]
*[[Chief Scientific Advisor to the Scottish Executive]]

==Elite Social and networking clubs==
*[[Entrepreneurial Exchange]]
*[[New Club]]

==Corporate Social Responsibility==
*[[Agenda]]
*[[Scottish Business in the Community]]
*[[Enviros]]

==Corporations==
*[[British Energy]]
*[[FirstGroup]]
*[[Halifax Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Royal Bank of Scotland]]
*[[Scottish Power]]
*[[Scottish and Newcastle]]
*[[Scottish and Southern Energy]]
*[[Standard Life Assurance]]

==Economic Consultants==

*[[Frontier Economics]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Governing Scotland</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|

==Corporate/Government partnerships==

* [[Centre for Confidence and Well Being]]
* [[Financial Services Strategy Group]]
* [[Financial Services Advisory Board]]
* [[Futures Forum]]
* [[Forward Scotland]]
* [[Laidlaw Youth Project]]
* [[Scottish Leadership Foundation]]
* [[Scottish Parliament Business Exchange]]

==Governmental bodies==

*[[Communities Scotland]]
*[[Scottish Development International]]
*[[Scottish Enterprise]]
*[[Scottish Executive]]
*[[Scottish Parliament]]
*[[Scottish Water]]

=== Regulatory Bodies ===

*[[Water Industry Commission]] [[(WIC)]]
*[[Scottish Environmental Protection Agency]] [[(SEPA)]]
*[[Waterwatch]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#d9f7d4; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #7ba06d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Recent Articles on Scotland SpinWatch</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Rss_Scotland_News}}



|-
|}


|style="width:45%; border:1px solid #c9d7f0; background:#f6f9fd; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f6f9fd;"

|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">New pages on Spinprofiles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
{{:Newest_pages_and_recent_changes}}



|-


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Popular articles</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
To see which pages are most read check the list of [[Special:Popularpages|most popular pages]] on Spinprofiles. To see the pages which do not exist but are most wanted by Spinprofiles users see the [[Special:Wantedpages|Most Wanted pages]]. The [[Priority profiles]] page lists organisations that Spinprofiles users would like contributors to help with.

<table><tr><td>
<DynamicArticleList>
title=Most Popular Articles
type=hot
count=10
<br>
[[Special:Popularpages|See More...]]
</DynamicArticleList>
</td><td>
==Most Wanted pages==
# [[Conservative Party]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Conservative_Party 46 links])
# [[George W. Bush]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=George_W._Bush 39 links])
# [[Ronald Reagan]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Ronald_Reagan 35 links])
# [[General Motors]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=General_Motors 34 links])
# [[Bill Clinton]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=Bill_Clinton 33 links])
# [[United Nations]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=United_Nations 32 links])
# [[AT&T]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=AT&T 32 links])
# [[John Major]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=John_Major 28 links])
# [[National Security Council]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=National_Security_Council 28 links])
# [[The Times]] ([http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Special:Whatlinkshere&target=The_Times 28 links])
<br>
[[Special:Wantedpages|See more...]]
</td></tr>
</table>
|-

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:-8px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #ddcef2; background:#f7f3fc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f7f3fc; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#ddcef2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #afa3bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Getting Started</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
<h4>Looking for somewhere to start?</h4>
To learn how ''you'' can edit any article right now, visit [[Spinprofiles:About]], [[SpinProfiles:Contributing|Welcome, newcomers]], our [[Spinprofiles:Help|Help page]], [[Spinprofiles:FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]], [[SpinProfiles:Quick Guide to Editing|A quick guide to editing]] or experiment in the [[Spinprofiles:sandbox|sandbox]].

<h4>Research and Writing Tips</h4>
[[Spinprofiles:Article guidelines|Article guidelines]] | [[How to research front groups]] | [[Resources for studying propaganda]] | [[Research using the web]]


|-
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#c9d7f0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #435c7a; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Can you help?</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000;"|
Spinprofiles can be made more effective if more people join the project. If you have research or writing skills or just spare time, you can help.

If you are unsure where to start, you could expand some of the recently created but currently very brief articles. (If you look at the [[Special:Recentchanges|recent changes page]] you will see some noted as being 'stubs' - articles that may just be a line or two and needing to be fleshed out). So if you would like to add to some of those you would be most welcome.

There is an automatically updated page which includes the pages which have been signalled by Spinprofiles users as [[Special:Wantedpages|most wanted]]. In addition there is a page which includes a list of [[SpinProfiles:Things you can do to help|Things you can do to help]].

Or if you would like some other suggestions closer to your interests you could drop Spinprofiles editor, [[User:David|David Miller]] an email. His address is editor AT spinprofiles.org

{{:Start_Menu}}

|}
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:100%; border:1px solid #fffacd; background:#fffef3; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fffef3; color:#000"
! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#fffacd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #dad26d; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Spinprofiles history</h2>
|-
|style="color:#000; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;"|
Spinprofiles is a collaborative venture initiated by [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch] in collaboration with [http://www.lobbywatch.org Lobbywatch], [http://www.gmwatch.org GM Watch] [http://www.red-star-research.org.uk/ Red Star Research] and [http://www.corporatewatch.org Corporate Watch], but put into effect by a wide variety of volunteers and independent researchers.

Contributors are now working on {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles.
|}

{| style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
|style="width:49%; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#fcfcfc; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#fcfcfc;"
|-
|
'''Disclaimer:''' Spinprofiles is an encyclopedia of people, issues and groups shaping the public agenda. It is a project of the [http://www.spinwatch.org Spinwatch]—email editor AT spinprofiles.org.

'''Antispam note:''' To avoid attracting spam email robots, email addresses on Spinprofiles are written with AT in place of the usual symbol, and we have removed "mail to" links. Replace AT with the correct symbol to get a valid address. We regret the inconvenience this entails. Campaign for more effective antispam regulations.

<div style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;">[[Spinprofiles:General disclaimer|Read the full disclaimer]]</div>
|}
|}
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__

[[Category:Scotland]]

==Notes==
<references/>
[[Category:Scottish Elite Networking Groups]]

Centre for Scottish Public Policy

2008-11-01T22:56:38Z

Will: /* Orientation */

According to its [http://www.cspp.org.uk/index.html website] The '''Centre for Scottish Public Policy''' 'is an independent think-tank formerly known as the [[John Wheatley Centre]], established to provide a focus for imaginative and innovative policy debate on the key issues facing Scotland.'

According to [http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf Hartwig Pautz]

:In summer 2004, [[Ross Martin]], a former Labour Councillor and failed Labour-candidate for a seat in the Scottish Parliament in 1999... was appointed Executive Director. He followed [[Gerry Hassan]], who was previously Head of Communications at the [[Scottish Council for Development and Industry]] lobby group (SCDI), and who is now working with think-tank [[Demos]] on the 'scenario-building' project Scotland 2020[http://www.demos.co.uk/events/scotland20202/]. Prior to his new position at the CenSPP, Martin was head of the [[Scottish Forum for Modern Government]] at Aberdeen's Robert Gordon University. This institute, set up in November 1999, has effectively ceased to exist. Martin wants the CenSPP 'to act as a bridgehead between the government and the people they seek to govern by providing opportunities for engagement, by challenging vested interests'<ref>Edinburgh ''Evening News''. (22 June 2004) 'Ross Martin to head up left-of-centre think tank'</ref>. He wants the institute to be seen as 'centre-left'(Interview with Martin, 2004), although not aligned to a political party. The CenSPP's aim is the 'promotion of an imaginative public policy debate' by 'organising opportunities for politicians, policy thinkers and practitioners to meet and to learn from each other'([http://www.cspp.org.uk/] Accessed 3 February 2005). In cooperation with the [[Scottish Council Foundation]], the CenSPP is pursuing research into 'public sector reform in Scotland' <ref>[http://www.cspp.org.uk/what.html] Accessed 3 February 2005.</ref>

==Personnel==

===The Board 2008===

*[[Gordon Dalyell]] Partner, Digby Brown & Co, Solicitors
*[[Rajiv Joshi]] (Intern Programme Manager), Director, CIVICUS: World Alliance for Citizen Participation
*[[Melvyn Ingleson]] Chief Executive, MJI Business Solutions
*[[Professor Richard Kerley]] Vice Principal, Queen Margaret University
*[[Mark Lazarowicz]] Member of Parliament for Edinburgh North & Leith, Advocate
*[[Richard Norris]] Director, [[Scottish Health Council]]
*[[Amy Rodger]] Director Scotland, Electoral Reform Society
*[[Lesley Sutherland]] Finance Convener, Engender
*[[Rt Hon the Lord Wallace of Tankerness]]

===Staff 2008===

*[[Elaine Bone]], Events & Centre Co-ordinator
*[[Adrian Colwell]], City Regions Consultant
*[[Gabrielle Crane]], Research Associate
*[[Trevor Davies]], City Regions Consultant
*[[Lynn Dickson]], Assistant Co-ordinator
*[[Pat Herd]], City Regions (Capital & Borders) Event Organiser
*[[Robert MacBean]], City Regions Consultant
*[[Matthew Marr]], Consultant
*[[Ross Martin]], Policy Director
*[[Barry McCulloch]], Policy Officer
*[[Keith Robson]], Fringe Programme Co-ordinator
*[[Daniel Wylie]], Research Associate (Brussels)

===Advisory board===
*[[Margaret Ramsay]]
*[[Douglas Alexander]] <ref>[http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199798/cmregmem/memi03.htm]</ref>
*[[Paul Thompson]] <ref>[http://forba.at/files/news/abstracts/thompson_bio.html]</ref>

===Former members===
*[[Alice Brown]]
*[[Rosemary McKenna]] MP

==Orientation==

The CSPP used to be called The [[John Wheatley Centre]], and was named after the respected [[Independent Labour Party]] MP who passed through legislation enabling government action on Glasgow's Housing Problem, arguably the chief cause of misery in the city at the time. Old socialists (and their socialism) are not welcome round these here parts no more - and the name has been changed along with the purpose.

The web page for their event "The New Scotland" stated that: "The centre is not aligned to any political party." Their brochure described the CSPP as "independent of political parties." and "...managed by a Board drawn from a wide cross-section of Scottish society." Judge for yourself - this is the board according to the Centre:

*Prof. [[Alice Brown]]: Scotland's Public Appointments Ombudsman, former member of the (Neill) [[Committee on Standards in Public Life]], and on extended leave from the Dept. of Politics Edinburgh University. She was an early supporter of the [[Scottish Parliament Business Exchange]].
*[[Gordon Dalyell]]: Solicitor, Wheatley Centre on Law Reform.
*[[Mark Lazarowicz]]: An Advocate, and former Labour councillor. He stood in the '92 election as a Parliamentary Labour candidate in the Edinburgh Pentlands seat, losing to Malcolm Rifkind by 4,290 votes. It had previously, in 87, been a Labour majority of 1,859. He is the convener of the CSPP.
*[[Anne McGuire]]: Labour MP for Stirling, was appointed Donald Dewar's Parliamentary Private Secretary. Shortly after the conference she was the principle "gate keeper" who drew up the list of prospective (i.e. acceptably right-wing) Labour candidates for the new parliament. An ardent sycophant she took the opportunity of PM"s question time to ask: "Does the prime minister recognise that our emphasis over the past year on the economy, health and education has kept faith with the voters." She has since held ministerial posts in the Scotland Office, the Department of Constitutional Affairs and the Department of Work and Pensions.
*[[Rosemary McKenna]]: Labour MP. On the House of Commons Scottish Affairs Committee which is enquiring into "welfare to work." The Herald of 24/3/97 reported that McKenna's appointment to the seat of Cumbernauld and Kilsyth was accompanied by the purge of the Home rule faction of the local party at the conference in Inverness. Fears were voiced that this had been "engineered to give a clear run to councillor Rosemary McKenna, who is a leading figure in Network, the pro-leadership grouping which orchestrated the Inverness slate". The Network has been described as "garrulous college leavers anxious to be seen doing the leader's bidding." Its origins are said to be in [[Jim Murphy]], another new MP and responsible for the acceptance of student loans while President of the NUS. He was assigned as "special projects officer" by those in the Scottish Labour Party hierarchy anxious to bee seen as Blairite. The big "success" of the network was McKenna's election. Jim Murphy also spoke at the conference.
*[[Henry McLeish]]: Disgraced Labour MP was the late [[Donald Dewar]]'s second in command. Minister for Home Affairs, Devolution and Transport, was opposition spokesman on social security i.e. the country's chief exponent of workfare. McLeish succeeded Dewar as Scotland's First Minister in 2000 but had to resign in controversial circumstances over constitutency office expenses, a murky saga he described as 'a muddle not a fiddle'.
*[[David Martin]]: Labour MEP and has been Vice-president of the European Parliament, (which funds the CSPP) for ten yearsÃ¢â‚¬â€?an ex-stockbroker"s assistant.
*[[David Millar]]: Formerly a clerk in the house of Commons, then director of research at the European Parliament, now with the [[Europa Institute]], Edinburgh University.
*[[Kenneth Munro]]: European Commission.
*[[Matt Smith]]: Scottish Secretary of Unison one of the biggest unions in Scotland and the UK.

The Thatcher period was marked by scores of "non-partisan" but ideologically directed research institutes, who financed and publicised the work of approved "experts." The CSPP's political connections suggests similar forms of activity.

:As a result of the conference, the CSPP has an advisory board and a board of directors totalling thirty-eight people. There are eight new directors including [[Paul Thompson]]: the editor of [[Renewal]] (a New Labour magazine), [[Ronnie Smith]]: the General Secretary of the EIS, [[Grant Baird]]: the Chief executive of [[Scottish Financial Enterprise]], and some academics. The advisory board has been padded out with Councillors from Glasgow and Edinburgh and more academics. Twenty-nine of the total of thirty-eight spoke at the conference, which had fifty-five speakers on day one and seventy-four on the other. CSPP members were scattered throughout the three sessions each with eight different seminars per day. More or less half of the talks were non-political and largely arbitrary cultural themes and these ones they avoided. Some talks contained nothing but CSPP members. I think it is fair to say we were somewhat shepherded into hearing the views the organisation is pushing. No one mentioned this in the press.

The CSPP aim to set agendas for the [[Scottish Parliament]], attack home rule, advocate coalition politics and promote the EU (without actually asking what good it does) - where the Social Democrats and the Labour Party merge into one in the European Parliament.

==Membership==
Annual membership rates:
Individuals: £30 + £5.25 VAT = £35.25
Unwaged: £15 + £2.63 VAT = £17.63

Corporate:
Charities, voluntary organisations and local organisations: £50 + VAT = £58.75
Local authorities: £250 + £43.75 VAT = £293.75
Large national organisations: £500 + £87.50 VAT = £587.50
Others: £100 + £17.50 VAT = £117.5

Membership benefits:

1. Advance notice of events
2. Discounted delegate rates at conferences and seminars
3. Priority invitation to the new Annual Lecture
4. Copies of our publications
5. Exclusive member-only policy events

==Funding==
*[[BAA]] Scotland,
*[[European Parliament]]
*German Social Democratic Party's [[Friedrich Ebert Foundation]]
Source: http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf

==Activities==

Achieving the Vision: The Edinburgh City Region Conference 2005
Edinburgh, Thursday 26 May

Keynote speaker:
[[Tom McCabe]] MSP, Minister for Finance and Public Service Reform in association with [[City of Edinburgh Council]]
[[Scottish Enterprise]] Edinburgh and Lothian, Media sponsor: The [[Scotsman]] Conference sponsors: [[BT]], [[First]], [[Citigate Public Affairs]]

==Reports==
Reports available:

Delivering Transport Policy for Scotland
Working Together for a Sustainable Scotland
A Healthy Scotland
Public Service Reform in Scotland
Scotland's role in the Enlarged Europe
The Implications and Consequences of Introducing STV for the Scottish Parliament Elections

==Contact==
[[Chisholm House]]
1 Surgeon Square
High School Yards
Edinburgh EH1 1LZ

Tel/Fax: 0131 558 8179
mail@cspp.demon.co.uk

==External links==

* [http://www.cspp.org.uk/what.html CSPP website]

*Hartwig Pautz 'Think-Tanks in Scotland' Paper for the 55th Political Studies Association Annual conference, 4-7 April 2005, University of Leeds, [http://www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf www.psa.ac.uk/2005/pps/Pautz.pdf]

* William Clark [http://www.variant.randomstate.org/6texts/William_Clark.html Dumbocracy: The New Scotland] ''Variant'' issue 6
<references/>
[[Category:Scottish Think Tanks]]

User talk:Will

2008-01-30T11:51:56Z

Will: PAUL GREEN

here is the message I have now posted on all of their pages:
Hi,

this is your discussion/talk page where people can leave you messages. you can leave messages for other people by going to their talk page (use the URL above and insert their username instead of your own. User names are here: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Special:Listusers) To leave me a message go here: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/User_talk:David

Your first task should be to go to your user page and fill in some brief biographical details about yourself. You can link to a web page too if you want. Your page is here: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=User:Christopher_McLean&action=edit

The next task is to go to the [[Investigative Research]] page and discuss with Will what your specific task should be.

For general help with formatting and references click on the 'help' option to the left or go here: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Help:Contents

That's all for now.

To get a time stamped signature like the one belo just click on the button second from the right above (looks a bit like a signature)

--[[User:David|David]] 10:17, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

good stuff on [[Lorna Fitzsimons]], but er.... can you find a source for the sex and Blair quotes...?

Also I have corrected your references. have a look at the formatting... --[[User:David|David]] 08:14, 13 Jun 2007 (BST)

I am starting with the Spinprofiles work today. I'll be doing 4 hours daily for the next 15 days. I'll focus on things that coincide with my own research as well, but if there are anything in particular you would want me to look at send me a list. --[[User:Idrees|Idrees]] 13:54, 10 Jul 2007 (BST)

== PAUL GREEN ==

Paul Green has a significant property potfolio in Glasgow including the pollok shopping centre, recently revamped and renamed The Silverburn Centre. Despite extracting regular income from the Scottish economy he is registered for tax purposes in Jersey and thus avoids personal and corporate taxation.

Mr Green came into focus recently as the New Labour donor who contributed to the parliamentary election campaign of Charlie Gordon and the leadership election campaign of Scottish leader Wendy Alexander.

What is known about Paul Green? Is there evidence that his closeness to new Labour in Glasgow assisted his property development expansion, particularly given his association with Charlie Gordon, who was of course Glasgow City Council leader for a considerable period throughout the late 1990's and up to around 2004?

Also what record exists of the level of public monies being transferred to assist Mr Green's various profitable projects given his tax aviodance status? Should those avoiding personal and corporate taxation within the UK be able to benefit from pulic funds?

Does anyone have more information on Paul Green and his business activities and, perhaps inter-related personal friendships with New Labour politicians?

This is a posting by Tommy Sheridan using Will's site.

User:Tommy Sheridan

2008-01-30T10:59:44Z

Will:

Hi I'm Tommy Sheridan, born in Glasgow on 7th March, 1964

I attended St Monicas primary, Lourdes sec and Stirling University from 1981 to 1985 and graduated with a joint honours degree in Econmics and Politics.

I am a socialist and magpie Marxist. I was an elected socialist councillor on Glasgow City Council between 1992 and 2003 and a socialist member of the Scottish Parliament between 1999 and 2007.

I am currently a joint convenor of the socialist party Solidarity, in Scotland, studying for a Masters degree in Social Research at Strathclyde University and a part time radio presenter on Talk 107 every Saturday and Sunday mornings.

I am married with a gorgeous wee daughter called Gabrielle.

William McGurn

2007-11-21T00:57:33Z

Will:

[[Image:Mcgurn.jpg|right]]
William McGurn is a White House Assistant to the President for Speechwriting for which he is paid $261,000, the same as Karl Rove<ref>http://rawstory.com/news/2005/Rove_gets_r_0727.html</ref>.

Formerly he was an executive in the Office of the Chairman at [[News Corporation]], parent company for the New York Post, Fox News, and The Times, the Weekly Standard and BSkyB and McGurn was the speechwriter for News Corporation chairman Rupert Murdoch<ref>http://newsinfo.nd.edu/content.cfm?topicId=11716</ref>. Previously he was chief editorial writer for the Wall Street Journal and a member of the Journal’s editorial board. From 1992 to 1998, he served as senior editor for the Dow Jones-owned Far Eastern Economic Review in Hong Kong. Prior to joining FEER, McGurn worked in Washington as bureau chief for National Review and had spent five years with the Wall Street Journal’s editorial pages overseas: first in Brussels and then in Hong Kong.

During his first tour in Hong Kong, McGurn edited a volume on the territory’s post-colonial future entitled Basic Law, Basic Questions: The Debate Continues and wrote what his Whitehouse biography calls "a prescient monograph for the London-based [[Institute for European Defence and Strategic Studies]] entitled Terrorist or Freedom Fighter."

This 1987 IEDSS pamphlet asserted it was "inconstestable that groups such as the Provisional IRA and the PLO are terrorist", but the Mujahedin resistance in Afghanistan and other groups supported by President Reagan, are not, McGurn argued:

:"They cannot easily be categorised as terrorists, because they have generally demonstrated discrimination in their choice of targets and their conduct of operations. [...] Even in the case of the Contras, hard evidence is thin and often indistinguishable from the profusion of Sandinista propaganda. By contrast, the duplicity of the Sandinista government; its own attacks on innocent civilians, and the use of its soil as a base for Salvadorean rebels are well documented."<ref>Peter Murtagh (1987) West charged with hypocrisy on terror, April 21,The Guardian</ref>

McGurn recently wrote in Crisis Magazine:

:My children always want to know, "Is this the good guy?" or "Is that man the bad guy?" As they get older and come to look back on the atrocity of September 11, the one thing I would like them always to retain is the understanding that what hit their schoolmates was evil itself, even in the most explicit sense of nothingness: the nothingness that Osama bin Laden and his henchmen put in place of the flesh-and-blood fathers of children they go to school with.<ref>William McGurn (2001)[http://www.crisismagazine.com/november2001/feature2.htm Aftershock: Something Out of Nothing, Reflections on September 11, 2001]], Crisis Magazine. See also the [presidential speech September 6, 2006 http://blogs.suntimes.com/sweet/2006/09/post_38.html] on the torture of Abu Zubaydah.</ref>

Crisis magazine's advisory board contains [[Richard V. Allen]], William J. Bennett, Daniel L. Casey, [[Edwin J. Feulner]] Jr., [[Alexander M. Haig]], [[Paul Johnson]], Peggy Noonan, Vin Weber, [[Paul Weyrich]] (who set up the [[Heritage Foundation]]), James Q. Wilson. In exploring how conservatives came to be so badly mistaken critics have pointed to the Heritage Foundation's line:

:"...they paid only the slightest attention to the ideology of the mujahedin. And, when they did consider political Islam, they didn't treat it as a serious doctrine but, rather, the expression of noble savages and epic warriors. In 1982, the Heritage Foundation's James Phillips wrote, "The Afghans' courage is fortified by traditional Islamic beliefs: if he kills an enemy in the jihad (holy war) and he is revered as a ghazi (Islamic warrior) and if he falls in battle he becomes a shaheed (martyr) who reaps great rewards in paradise." After the 1983 bombing of the U.S. Marine barracks in Lebanon, it became clear where this eschatology could lead. But conservatives didn't want to ask the kind of questions that might tarnish their heroes. In lieu of an honest evaluation, they remade the Afghans into foreign versions of themselves, religious victims of secular zealotry. William McGurn, now The Wall Street Journal's chief editorial writer, described the mujahedin as "simply ornery mountain folk who have not cottoned to a foreign power" that "attacked their faith.""<ref> Franklin Foer (2003) [http://www.gnxp.com/MT2/archives/000857.html Founding Fakers], The New Republic</ref>

Noam Chomsky cited McGurn as an example of someone who reinforces the cultural gap between the general population and educated elites. Using the example of Robert McNamara's memoirs, that included reflections on the Veitnam war, Chomsky suggests it might have been "fundamentally wrong and immoral," not "a mistake":

:"The preferred picture of public attitudes is different. Thus senior editor William McGurn of the Far Eastern Economic Review, writing in the Wall Street Journal, harshly condemns President Clinton and others who "feel vindicated" by McNamara's defection to their side. It is this "liberal establishment" that is responsible for the "national humiliation" in Vietnam and all that we have suffered since, because they "believe the whole enterprise `immoral'" and thus abandoned the "decent America" that continues to support the war as right and just, if perhaps a mistake because of the lack of "hardheaded assessment" of the costs to us."<ref>Noam Chomsky (1995) [http://www.chomsky.info/articles/199508--.htm] Memories, Z Magazine, July-August.</ref>

McGurn is also author of Perfidious Albion: The Abandonment of Hong Kong 1997, published five years before the handover. More recently he co-authored Is the Market Moral? A Dialogue on Religion, Economics & Justice published in March 2004 by the Brookings Institution Press. During 1992 presidential elections, McGurn wrote a column for New York Newsday. His articles have been published in a variety of periodicals including Newsweek, Esquire, The Spectator (of London), The Sunday Telegraph, the National Catholic Register, The Sunday Telegraph, The New Criterion, The Washington Post, the South China Morning Post and others. A graduate of both the University of Notre Dame and Boston University, he is a member of the University of Notre Dame’s Asian Studies Advisory Committee, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the President’s Commission on White House Fellowships. He is also a Hoover media fellow.

==References==
<references/>
[[Image:Example.jpg]]

File:Mcgurn.jpg

2007-11-21T00:48:56Z

Will:

Beattie Media

2007-11-21T00:34:26Z

Will:

Beattie Media was founded by former journalist [[Gordon Beattie]]. The company has grown to be one of the largest independent PR businesses in Scotland, and until a scandal related to the lobbying side of the business in 1999, Beattie Media enjoyed remarkable success in attracting clients from across the Scottish public sector.

==Lobbygate==
Beattie Media launched [[Public Affairs Europe]] in April 1998, a joint venture with the commercial lawyers [[Maclay, Murray and Spens]]. [[Jack McConnell]] (who later became Scottish First Minister), the former general secretary of the Scottish Labour Party was recruited as a director, as was [[George McKechnie]], a former editor of The Herald.

McConnell's links with Beattie Media were later to become central to the [[Scottish Parliament Standards Committee]]'s investigation of the [[Lobbygate]] affair. He was recruited by Beattie Media because of his political connections and prospects:'We appointed Jack McConnell to head up our public affairs consultancy, in the certain knowledge that Jack would get a safe seat from the Labour Party, and in the hope and expectation that he would also get a cabinet position within the new administration. So we knew that Jack was going to leave us. (Observer transcript 1999: 2). Concern centred on the probity of such an overtly political appointment given the history of sleaze at Westminster. Damian Killeen, Director of the Poverty Alliance in Glasgow, wrote to The Herald expressing his fears:

:The growth in the number of lobbying companies in Scotland, in advance of the Scottish Parliament, is happening with relatively little critical comment. Some of these companies are staffed by people who recently or currently have occupied prominent political positions. There is little doubt that their access to senior politicians is an important part of these companies' sales pitch. Government in Scotland has, so far, done little to disassociate itself from these developments. What signals does this send out to those who are looking to the new Parliament to provide a level of accessibility and inclusiveness? (Killeen 1998: 16)

==National Semiconductor spy scandal==

Below is a copy of the communications plan drawn up by PR firm Beattie Media and [[National Semiconductor]] and leaked to union activist [[Jim McCourt]] on whom the company was spying. This document was scanned into a text file from the original. Every effort has been made to ensure that it is an exact replica. consequently spelling and grammatical mistakes have not been corrected.

The Sunday Herald reported:
:STRATHCLYDE police are investigating a dirty tricks campaign orchestrated by the PR firm Beattie Media on behalf of the giant American company, [[National Semiconductor]]. It is alleged that National Semiconductor and Beattie Media spied on trade unionists who were investigating a spate of miscarriages, cancers and fertility problems among female staff, and that there was an attempt to sabotage an investigation by BBC Scotland's Frontline programme into the company' health record.

:The company targetted Jim McCourt, a Greenock TUC activist, for surveillance. He had set up Phase II (People for Health and Safety in Electronics), the umbrella group representing sick employees.

:The US firm hired Beattie Media, the company at the centre of the Lobbygate and West of Scotland Water affairs, to co-ordinate its campaign. A confidential National Semiconductor report shows McCourt was put under surveillance, and that Beattie Media's female staff 'posed' as workers 'to elicit information .directly from Frontline Scotland'.

:Beattie Media and another PR consultancy firm are now arguing over which firm should take responsibility for drafting the undercover plan. At the time the document was written in January 1998, [[Graham Isdale]] was the Beattie Media director in charge of the contract. He later left the firm and set up his own agency, The Big Partnership, taking the contract with him.

:However, the [[Big Partnership]] claims the daily running of the contract was handled by [[Nicola Tennant]], who still works for Beattie Media.

:McCourt said:.'This is a total violation. I will consider suing National Semiconductor. Private companies can not spy on trade unionists as if they were MI5.' {{ref|Mackay}}

==Spinwatch Resources==

CONFIDENTIAL, NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR (U.K.) Ltd. (Greenock) [http://www.spinprofiles.org/images/4/4c/CONFIDENTIAL.doc COMMUNICATIONS PLAN] 19 January, 1998 [http://www.spinwatch.org//spaw/images/docs/CONFIDENTIAL.doc]

==External links==
*National Semiconductor [http://www.national.com/]
*[http://www.beattiemedia.co.uk/splash/splash.asp Beattie Media]
*[http://www.svtc.org Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition]
*[http://www.igc.org/svtc/natsemi.htm Global Semiconductor Health Hazards Exposed!] CANCER CLUSTER DETECTED IN SCOTTISH HIGH-TECH WORKERS SAYS <i>WALL STREET JOURNAL</i>, DANGEROUS IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. WORKERS
*SVTC Action Archive Spring, 1998 [http://www.igc.org/svtc/resource/news_let/scotland.htm Nightmare in Silicon Glen] by Leslie Byster
*To watch the BBC2 Newsnight report on National Semiconductor poisoning their workers, 15 October 2003, click [http://www.spinwatch.org/files/wiki/NatSemi-Newsnight15Oct03.ram '''here''']

==References==

*{{note|Mackay}} Neil Mackay[http://www.svtc.org/listserv/letter92.htm National Semiconductor Spies on Union Man] US computer firm hired Beattie Media to spy on workers', <i>Sunday Herald</i> August 12, 2001.

Food and Drink Federation: Influence and lobbying

2007-07-10T15:44:55Z

Will:

The [[Food and Drink Federation]] is a corporate-controlled lobby group which promotes corporate interests in three ways:
*Producing biased information for the public domain
*Lobbying government for corporate-friendly legislation and regulation.
*Placing industry people on relevant government panels to ensure that industry itself decides how or if it should be regulated.

There is ample evidence for all three of these processes. A more subtle current running through the promotion of corporate interests, is the placing of industry representatives on research funding councils and in supposedly independent research institutions.

==Influencing the public==

The Foodfuture programme and the debate on genetically modified crops (www.foodfuture.org.uk)

The FDF claims to provide 'transparent and objective dialogue' to improve public understanding of biotechnology. Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], Director General of the FDF, claims that the FDF is 'neither for, nor against, genetic modification in food production'{{ref|13}}. However, whilst posing as an impartial body, the FDF is by no means undecided as to the benefits of biotechnology for its members. As far back as 1998/1999, an FDF memorandum to a government Select Committee stated:
'FDF believes that the use of genetic modification of food production can provide benefits throughout the food chain: to primary producers; food processors and consumers we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods'{{ref|14}}

When asked how the FDF is helping to 'improve the whole question of public acceptance of this technology [biotechnology]'{{ref|15}}, [[Iain Ferguson]], who holds several positions in the FDF (see below), replied that it could be achieved by providing 'unbiased, transparent information available to people'. The Foodfuture programme 'is also about making available material for journalists to incorporate in their articles giving an unbiased source of information and running a whole series of exhibitions and roadshows.'

But is this information unbiased or independent? What does 'transparent information' mean? If anything, it suggests that we should know who wrote Foodfuture publications. In reality, we don't know who has written the Foodfuture publications, only that they are published by the FDF, one of them with the support of the [[NFU]]. Neither of these groups is a scientific organisation; instead, both represent corporate interests intent on the intensification of agriculture. The analysis below should expose how far the FDF falls short of being an unbiased or transparent source of information.

An analysis of FDF publication 'GM Crops and the Environment: Benefits and Risks' (2000)
(FDF publication, with the support of the NFU; available on request from the FDF).

===Introduction===
'Growing crops is not a natural process'; therefore we need to ask 'how the benefits and risks of GM crops compare with existing farming practices'.

====Organic farming====
Organic farming has 'decided not to adopt the [GM] technology'; we are told organic methods can have 'negative effects on the environment : organic pesticides require careful handling to avoid killing insects and birds. On the farm, mechanical methods of weed control (ploughing and tilling) can be more harmful than pesticides; copper sulphate [an organic pesticide] is toxic'.

None of these statements is dirctly untrue but they neglect to look at the reality of organic practices or to compare that to practices using conventional pesticide use, which is generally much more harmful to the environment.

====Benefits of GM-agriculture====
'[M]any people want farmers to use fewer chemicals'. GM crops fulfil the role by requiring fewer applications of chemicals which the crop is designed to be resistant to; as an added bonus, 'the use of tractor diesel is reduced as fewer sprayings means fewer trips across the fields'.

True, if you believe industry propaganda. The experience of farmers in the USA, tells another story. Increasing resistance to glyphosate, the main herbicide used the growing of GM crops has led to a need for more applications both of glyphosate and other pesticides such as atrazine.{{ref|16}}

====Feeding the world with GM crops====
[[Professor Burke]], writing in the Food Futures quarterly journal claims that it is 'perverse, even criminal, to walk away from an increased source of food when we need it desperately'{{ref|17}} He states '100 million people starving and 800 million people hungry in the world today'. Their presumption is that starvation results from a shortage of food, which only GM crops can solve through higher yields. This argument has been categorically denounced by social scientists working in the field. Starvation is in most cases caused by lack of access to food, not a food shortage globally. Foodfuture's obvious conclusion is to use GM-technology to grow more food, whilst actually contributing to the problem by making larger areas of the world dependent on low farm-wages, possible unemployment, and subsequent starvation.

The Foodfuture publication goes on to claim that the major criticism of GM technology is that not all the world will have access to it. The challenge becomes one of spreading the technology around the world. We are then assured that 'Some of the large corporations who own the technology have freely donated certain applications to developing countries.' This is in the long term interests of the biotechnology corporations, who are keen to see their practices spread worldwide. Note that they only donate 'certain applications', i.e. the farmer still has to buy the seeds and/or the chemicals and/or the machinery.

====The dangers of cross pollination====
One of the problems of GM-technology is the possible cross-pollination of GM-crops to non-GM crops, and wild relatives of GM crops. This can lead to, for example, herbicide-resistant weeds and volunteers. Rather than refute this widely-accepted possibility, Foodfuture tries to play down the importance of the cross-pollination of GM and non-GM crops:
'In the UK we already fight with Giant Hogweed, Japanese Knotweed and other weeds accidentally introduced from other countries - these may be more of a problem than weeds derived from cross-pollination with GM plants.'

====Risk of intensive agriculture to biodiversity====
The FDF admits that intensive, monocultural agriculture reduces biodiversity levels in rural regions. Therefore they argue that 'the more efficient we make agriculture the less pressure there will be on 'wild habitats', neglecting the possiblity that maintaining biodiversity can be an integral and useful part of farming techniques.

These documents are available on the Foodfuture website or in their free publication (just e-mail and ask). The FDF also takes their views around the country at exhibitions and roadshows.

==Lobbying Government==

Examples of how the FDF has distorted the political process are found in the 'Corporate crimes' section.
Here is just one example of how the FDF have exerted their influence in their own interest rather than in the interest of the long term health of the planet.

===The Climate Change Levy===
The FDF has recently secured an agreement with the government such that its members avoid paying 80% of the climate change levy (CCL). The UK government introduced the CCL in April 2001, aiming it at non-domestic energy-users and encouraging them to be more energy efficient. The FDF 'lobbied hard' to achieve dramatic levy-reductions in exchange for rather more modest energy-reductions over 10 years (11.4% reduction by 2010){{ref|18}}. This skilful piece of lobbying saved the industry approximately �250 million per year.

===Influence through the Industry/Government partnership===

Below is a list of FDF people (past and present) who have represented industry whilst also sitting on government committees. The list is by no means exhaustive. For one, the FDF is not obliged to publish details of all the people it employs; rather, it chooses which names to post on its website, although this selection misses out the most 'interconnected' people. This information was mainly sourced from government websites (Parliament Committee Reports ) and the Regulatory News Service (which provides information on industry job positions).

*[[Iain Ferguson]]
The FDF website does not mention Iain Ferguson, even though he is Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the FDF{{ref|19}}. Further research shows that Iain Ferguson is a key industry pro-GM supporter, responsible for developing companies' future directions, representing those directions to government, and listening to those directions whilst sitting on government committees.

Industry positions
- Senior Vice-President, Corporate Development, of [[Unilever]] plc, where he is responsible for 'corporate strategy and new business development throughout Unilever' {{ref|20}}. This puts him in a key decision-making position for the future direction of Unilever.
- Over the last 15 years with Unilever he has held various senior positions, including Chair of [[Birds Eye Wall]]'s, Chair of [[Unilever Plantations and Plant Science Group]], and Technical Director of [[BOCM Silcock]]. During his time as Chair of the Unilever Plantations Group, 'he was responsible for 90,000 employees living and working in oil palm, tea, coffee, and flower plantations in 12 countries around the world'{{ref|21}}.
- Non-executive director of [[Syngen International plc]], a global company which applies genomics and biotechnology to animal breeding{{ref|22}}. It previously specialised in pigs but is now moving into poultry, beef and fish markets.

Industry-representative positions:
- Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the Food and Drink Federation
- Chair of the Food Policy and Resources Committee of the Food and Drink Federation. This is a significant committee, composed of 15 chief executives of the major food companies, which examines food regulations and policies{{ref|23}}.
- Fellow of the [[Institute of Grocery Distribution]] (the UK food retailing trade body).
- Vice-President of the Institute of Grocery Distribution (from January 2003 he will be President).
- Non-executive director of the [[British Nutrition Foundation]].
- Non-executive director of [[Rothamsted Experimental Station Limited]]. Rothamsted is the main site of the [[Institute of Arable Crops Research]] (IACR); it is the largest agricultural research centre in the UK and is possibly the oldest research station in the world. Rothampsted and the IACR have researched and promoted intensive agricultural production from the post-War development of chemical pesticides to the use of biotechnology. Their partners include [[Aventis]], [[DuPont]], [[Novartis]] and [[Syngenta]]. The IACR promotes biotechnology, arguing that 'New [crop] varieties and products will ultimately benefit consumers and maintain a competitive advantage for UK agriculture and associated industries.'{{ref|24}}

Government-related positions:
- Commissioner on the UK Government's Policy on the Future of Farming and Food, resulting in the Curry Report.
- Member of the UK's [[DTI Foresight Group]] This programme is managed by the Office of Science and Technology; it 'brings together key people, knowledge and ideas to look beyond normal commercial time horizons to identify potential opportunities from new science and technologies and actions to help realise those potentials.'{{ref|25}} Although it is meant to be an independent government body, it is infiltrated with industry GM-promoters and has heavily supported biotechnology and other novel food that will provide new avenues for food manufacturers.
- In particular, Iain Ferguson sits on the 'Institute of Physics: Industry and Business Foresight: Food Chain and Crops for Industry' Panel, where he joins Professor [[Janet Bainbridge]], a well-known GM-supporter.{{ref|26}} This panel forms one of the many panels in the Foresight programme which develops 'visions of the future to guide people who make today's decisions in business, academia and government.'

*Dr [[Geraldine Schofield]]
Dr Schofield, a microbiologist, is involved in industry research and industry representation at national and international level, as well as sitting on government committees that are meant to regulate exactly the things that she lobbies for. She is active nationally and internationally, promoting biotechnology to academia, industry, and governing bodies.

A keen GM supporter, her publications include: 'Challenges in Marketing Novel Products' {{ref|27}}; 'Why Biotechnology?'{{ref|28}}; and 'Corporate Perspectives on Uncertainty'{{ref|29}}.

In 2002 she was awarded an MBE for her services to 'biotechnology transfer'{{ref|30}}. She is a key figure in the biotechnology regulatory and lobbying scene.

Industry positions:
- Head of Regulatory Affairs at [[Unilever Research UK]]. {{ref|31}}
- Academic and public health positions in microbial ecology and taxonomy, biotechnology, biosafety and risk assessment{{ref|32}}.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Novel Foods and Biotechnology Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation{{ref|33}}.
- Honorary Treasurer and Trustee of the [[Society for Applied Microbiology]] (SFAM). This charity works to 'advance the study of microbiology, particularly in its application to the environment, agriculture and industry'{{ref|34}}. It is of little surprise that its research interests include bioengineering; and food safety and technology. In 1999, the SFAM accepted corporate membership.
- Editor of Journal of Commercial Biotechnology{{ref|35}}.
- Member of the steering group on behalf of Unilever for the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Bangkok Meeting on 'New Biotechnology Foods and Crops: Science, Safety and Society' (July 2001).
- Vice-Chair of [[BIAC]] (Business and Industry Advisory Committee) expert group on Biotechnology{{ref|36}}. BIAC describes itself as 'The voice of the business community at the OECD'.{{ref|37}}

Government-related positions
- Panel member of the [[Measurement Advisory Committee Working Group]] for the DTI's NMS's (National Measurement System) Science and Technology Programme: Biotechnology. This panel was set up to help UK biotechnology industries maintain their lead over European competitors by introducing comparative measurement which 'balances and harmonises' regulation between countries (i.e. ensuring the minimum legislation for the UK such that biotechnology firms located in the UK may benefit from looser GM-laws). Another explicit aim of this panel is to try to 'help improve public confidence, particularly in the agro-food applications of biotechnology.'{{ref|38}}
- Member of the Health & Safety Commission{{ref|39}} (there is no information on her role in this Commission).
- According to one source{{ref|40}}, she is or has been a Member of the UK Government's [[Advisory Committee on Genetic Modification]] and a member of the [[Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment]] (ACRE).

*[[Neville Craddock]]
Another key individual involved in GM-regulatory issues. Like Dr Schofield, he easily straddles the industry and government divide. In his own words, he represents 'industry sectors and my company at both national and EU level in discussions with Government, the Commission, Parliaments and other interest parties.' {{ref|41}}
As part of his industry role, he lectures internationally on GM-labelling issues to businesses implementing labelling legislation 'in the most cost-efficient manner'. He has spoken out against EU attempts to enforce stricter labelling laws on GM ingredients (see 'Corporate Crimes' section).

Industry positions:
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK (see Corporate Watch's profile on Nestle) where he is responsible for the legal compliance of Nestle's United Kingdom Business, and for external representation of the company in respect of environmental and regulatory developments (including GM-food issues){{ref|42}}
- Previously, he has held 'a series of increasingly senior, technical and management positions with [[British Petroleum]] (agricultural, fermentation and animal feed projects), [[Dalgety-Spillers]] (foods, food ingredients and petfoods) and [[Bowyers/Northern Foods]] (meat products) before joining Nestle UK Ltd in August 1986'.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee for the Food and Drink Federation. This is the principal technical, scientific and regulatory committee of the FDF made up of the chairs of the FDF's specialist sub-committees (such as the [[Novel Foods]] and [[Biotechnology]] Sub-Committee){{ref|43}}.
- Gave evidence defending industry representation on government panels to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (see 'Corporate Crimes' section). This amounts to defending the vested interests of certain government committee members.
- Member of the [[Institute of Food Science and Technology]] (IFST). This is 'the independent incorporated professional qualifying body for food scientists and technologists'; its objectives include 'to serve the public interest by furthering the application of science and technology to all aspects of the supply of safe, wholesome, nutritious and attractive food, nationally and internationally'; and 'to assist members in their career and personal development within the profession'{{ref|44}}.
- Contributor of the UK Royal Society's paper entitled 'Genetically Modified Plants for food use' (September 1998), which is exceedingly supportive of biotechnology{{ref|45}}.
- Author of 'Risk, Precaution and the Food Business', in Governing Food: Science, Safety and Trade (2002; Phillips and Wolfe Eds.)
- FDF-representative to the [[American National Food Processors Association]]{{ref|46}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the Food Advisory Committee (FAC), November 1995 (when it was with MAFF{{ref|47}}) to December 2001 (when it was abolished).
- Member of the [[Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes]] (ACNFP). This committee forms part of the Food Standards Agency (FSA), a government agency which claims to work at 'arm's length' from government so as to be an independent food safety watchdog which can publish any advice it issues. However, it is widely suspected of being over-involvd with industry. Craddock was one of six new members to be appointed to ACNFP in February 2002 (the new contracts last until December 2004), accompanied by loud FSA claims to be increasing 'lay representation on this advisory committee', 'putting the consumer first', and being 'independent'{{ref|48}}. Craddock was publicised as 'an expert in food technology and quality assurance'; his industry positions were mot mentioned.
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager of the [[Agricultural and Countermeasures Working Group]]. This is one stakeholder group of five national stakeholder groups that form part of the [[European Atomic Energy Community Programme]] called 'FARMING'. This stands for 'Food and Agriculture Restoration Management Involving Networked Groups'. Its main objective is to 'create a European network of stakeholder groups....to assist in the development of robust and practicable strategies for restoring and managing rural areas contaminated by radioactivity'{{ref|49}}.
- Participator in the EU Commission Working Groups on Food Additives and in the EU Advisory Veterinary Committee examining Food Hygiene legislation {{ref|50}}.

*[[Valerie Saint]]

Industry positions:
- Legal Adviser to Unilever UK.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Labelling Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Legislation and Technical Committee of the [[Ice Cream Federation]]{{ref|51}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the [[Enforcement Liaison Group]] (ELG). The ELG works with local authority food law enforcement on issues such as: food hygiene; food standards; feeding stuffs enforcement officials{{ref|52}}.
- Member of the 'ad hoc' Clear Labelling Taskforce created in January 2001 to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|53}} Surprisingly (!), the taskforce, made up of people with a 'wide range of expertise, experience and interests', decided that being informed of any GM-ingredients in food was not one of the pieces of information that 'consumers need to make informed purchase decisions'.

*Professor [[Peter John Aggett]] MSc, MB,ChB, FRCP(L)(E)(G), DCH
Professor Aggett, head of [[Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health]], has accumulated an enormous list of work he has done for companies with an interest in biotechnology. He is a member of the FDF, and also sits on the government panels where he lobbies from his industry position.
The commercial interests listed below are by no means complete - they just give a glimpse of the industry-paid work that he and his department have carried out over the last few years.
Professor Aggett's research interests include 'human nutrition and metabolism and food-related activities'{{ref|54}}.

Industry related Positions
N.B. The sources of information for each of his commercial interests have been listed for accuracy's sake, although they may not be of relevance to many readers. Listed are the years that the commercial interest were recorded (usually in the annual report), then the committee with which the interest was recorded, and finally the type of interest. A 'Personal Company Interest' is one which involves payment to the member personally. A 'Non-Personal Company Interest' involves payment which benefits a department for which a member is responsible (such as Aggett's Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health).
N.B. From the 2000 'COT' register of Commercial Interests, no differentiation was made between Personal and Non-Personal Interests.
For an explanation of the acronyms ('COT' etc), see under Professor Aggett's Government-related positions.

- [[SMA Nutrition]] (1996/Select Committee on Agriculture/ Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|55}})
- [[Nestec]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|56}} and 2000/ACNFP/Personal Company Interest{{ref|57}} and 2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|58}})
- [[Wyeth]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest and 2000/ ACNFP/Personal Company Interest). Wyeth is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the largest biotechnology companies in the world{{ref|59}}.
- [[Kelloggs]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Milupa]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Nutricia]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Ajinomoto]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Unilever]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|60}})
- [[Nestle]] (1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest)
- [[Borax]] (2000/COT/Personal Company Interest){{ref|61}}. Borax, a member of the Rio Tinto group, is the 'acknowledged world leader in borate technology, research and development'. Borax mines boron for use in polymer additives, agriculture, and timber preservation. According to Borax, 'boron is an essential micronutrient for plants, vital to their growth and development. Without sufficient boron, plant fertilization, seeding and fruiting are not possible In areas of acute deficiency, borates can increase crop yields by 30 to 40 percent.'{{ref|62}}
- [[Unilever]] (2000/COT) {{ref|63}}
- [[Abbott]] (2000/COT). Abbott is a health care company, employing more than 5,000 scientists around the world and investing $1bn each year into R&D to develop 'new, innovative health care technologies' in their key therapeutic areas (diabetes, pain management, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS, men's and women's health, paediatrics and animal health). Abbott is involved in biotechnological research{{ref|64}}.
- [[Abbott EU]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Astra-Zeneca]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Smith Nephew]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[ILSI]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Welcome]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Yakult]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- 'Many other food, pharmaceutical and chemical companies' (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)

Industry-representative positions
- Member of the FDF (2000/COT), although his position and job description is unknown.
- Member of [[Institute of Food Research]] (IFR). The IFR ('Science you can trust') is a company with charitable status, sponsored by the [[Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council]], that carries out research into food safety, diet and health, and food materials and ingredients, as well as GMOs. They are focused towards the application of their work in industry: 'to exploit and/or apply the output of our research for the benefit of our stakeholders.'{{ref|65}} as their mision statement says. To emphasise the IFR's interest in biotechnology, the Director of the John Innes Centre (the UK's leading plant biotech institute) said that the IFR would suffer badly from a moratorium on GM{{ref|66}}.
- Member of the Meat and Livestock Commission.

Government-related positions
- Deputy-Chair (2002) of Committee on [[Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment]] (COT){{ref|67}}
- Member of Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA) from 1997{{ref|68}}.
- Member of Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) from August 1998.

*[[John (Graham) Wood]] OBE
Wood seems to have no direct industry connections. However, this does not stop him actively promoting biotechnology. He believes that 'modern biotechnology offers many potential benefits and will be a key factor in improving the quality and quantity of the food supply. It has the capacity to make a positive impact on many aspects of life - on food, health and the environment.' {{ref|69}} For views such as these, in 2002 he received an OBE for services to the FDF and to food safety.

Industry-representative position:
- Employed by FDF since 1985 (when it was founded), where he has been involved in a wide range of scientific and technical issues, particularly relating to UK and European Union (EU) food law. He may also have worked for other food trade associations ({{ref|70}}).
- He is presently Head of Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Division for the Food and Drink Federation, where his responsibilities embrace technical food legislation, research and development, environmental issues and consumer issues with a technical or scientific content.
- Member of Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST).
- Represented the FDF to the Food Standards Select Committee, which created the [[Food Standards Agency]] (1998-1999). The minutes show that the FDF lobbied hard for an FSA that focused on dealing with consumer concern over contentious issues: 'listeria, salmonella, e.coli, BSE, and perhaps the introduction of novel foods We do feel that this is the area, rather than nutritional adequacy of the diet or the nutrient value of individual food products, that is the issue.'{{ref|71}} Once the FSA was stuffed full of industry-representatives (as it is), the FSA could become a powerful corporate-controlled government organisation which gave advice to the public and regulated biotechnology.

*[[Bobby Lawes]]{{ref|72}}

Industry positions
- Deputy Chair of [[Pritchett Foods]].

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Milk Working Party for the Food and Drink Federation.

Government-related positions:
- Member of UK Government Milk Task Force (December 2000)

*[[David Lattimore]]{{ref|73}}

Industry positions:
- Director of Milk and Trade Relations at [[Unigate European Foods Limited]].

Industry-representative positions:
- Member of CAP Working Group for the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Liquid Milk Committee of the [[European Dairy Association]]

Government-related position:
- Member of [[Milk Development Council of Great Britain]] (as of February 2001).
- Member of the [[DIF]] Council

*[[Guy Walker]] CBE MA {{ref|74}}
(These positions are probably all past positions)

Industry positions:
- Chair of [[Van den Bergh Foods Ltd]]

Industry-representaive positions:
- President of the Food and Drink Federation
- Member of Advisory Board of the [[Institute of Food Research]].

Government-related positions:
- Member of DTI's (Department of Trade and Industry) [[Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council]] (BBSRC), 1 April 1997 to 31 March 2000.

*[[Helen Messenger]] {{ref|75}}

Industry positions:
- Head of Corporate Affairs for [[Milupa]], one of the two top companies in the baby food market (2000 - ?). She was employed to help counter public concerns about dried milk and processed baby foods and to fight demands for tighter controls on the marketing and contents of baby foods. Milupa is also one of the four leading suppliers of powdered baby milk in the UK, a market worth around �170 million a year with over a third of UK mothers using baby milk formulas from birth

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the [[Infant and Dietetic Foods Association]], a unit of the [[Food and Drink Federation]], funded by major baby milk and food manufacturers (1997 - 2000). While there, she played a leading role in defending baby food and drinks manufacturers from claims that some products contain excessive sugar and starches, offer poor nutritional value and carry inadequate label information.

*[[Mike Warrander]] {{ref|76}}
(Probably all previous positions).

Industry positions
- Retired Utilities Co-ordination Executive, [[Allied Domecq plc]]

Industry-representastive positions
- Member of Food and Drink Federation and [[Energy and Water Panel]]
- Acting Chair for Water Forum of Utilities Buyers' Forum
- Member CBI Energy Policy Committee

Government-related positions
- Member of [[OFWAT]] local water watchdog committee (1998 - ?)
- Member of [[OFGAS]] Metering Steering Group

Other:
- Chair, Four Oaks Branch Sutton Coldfield Conservative Association; (West Midlands) (first appointed 8/8/96).

==Summary==

This section has brought to light many 'behind-the-scene' players who do not appear on the FDF or other industry websites, but who have to be listed when sitting on government committees. These people play an important role in bring corporate interests and control into the heart of the political process. A position in the FDF provides easy entry into government, both at the lobbying level and for direct representation.

What is also amply clear from this list is the linkages between industry and the scientific research, thus ensuring the research agenda closely matches the needs of industry.

==Notes==
*{{note|13}} Sylvia Jay speaking, reported in 'New identity-preserved standard aims to make sourcing, supplying non-GM simpler and cheaper.' Author: just-food.com editorial team, 11 Sep 2001 ( http://just-food.com/features_detail.asp?art=512&c=1)
*{{note|14}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/11we19.htm
*{{note|15}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|16}} See for example 'Seeds of Doubt' report for the Soil Association compiled by Hugh Warwick. Sept 2002.
*{{note|17}} Professor Burke, writing for Foodfuture quarterly magazine and at http://www.foodfuture.org.uk/newindex.html
*{{note|18}} Peter Blackburn, FDF President, in http://www.fdf.org.uk/speeches/speech010308a.pdf
*{{note|19}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|20}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|21}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|22}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|23}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|24}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|25}} www.foresight.gov.uk
*{{note|26}} http://194.200.94.127/IOP/Foresight/foodchain.html
*{{note|27}} http://www.biology4all.com/SummerSchoolupdatedforweb.doc
*{{note|28}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/1998/paper_417.htm
*{{note|29}} http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/STPP.nsf/web/biotech-conf
*{{note|30}} http://society.guardian.co.uk/societyguardian/story/0,7843,629397,00.html
*{{note|31}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|32}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm
*{{note|33}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|34}} http://www.sfam.org.uk/society/corpmem.htm
*{{note|35}} http://www.henrystewart.com/journals/cb/edboard.html
*{{note|36}} http://www.biac.org/biacdir/commbiotech.htm (July 2001)
*{{note|37}} http://www.biac.org/Framepos.htm
*{{note|38}} http://www.dti.gov.uk/nms/prog/new/biotech.pdf
*{{note|39}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Writtens-10.html
*{{note|40}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm (April 2001)
*{{note|41}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|42}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|43}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|44}} http://www.ifst.org/whatsnew.htm
*{{note|45}} http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/files/statfiles/document-56.pdf
*{{note|46}} http://www.nfpa-food.org/News_Release/042601FoodPolicyConfnewsrelease.htm
*{{note|47}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|48}} http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/48007
*{{note|49}} http://www.ec-farming.net/
*{{note|50}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|51}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/inf/newsrel/1998/980423a.htm
*{{note|52}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/enforcement/role/laelg/laelgmemberstor
*{{note|53}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|54}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmpubadm/209/9061503.htm
#{{note|55}} www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199798/cmselect/cmagric/753/80519p05.htm
#{{note|56}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma97.pdf
*{{note|57}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/food/novel/interest.htm
*{{note|58}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/science/ouradvisors/toxicity/moreinfo/43531
*{{note|59}} http://www.wyeth.com/about/index.asp
*{{note|60}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma99.pdf
*{{note|61}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coc/2000ar.pdf
*{{note|62}} http://www.borax.com
*{{note|63}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|64}} http://abbott.com/corporate/corporate_overview.html
*{{note|65}} http://www.ifr.bbsrc.ac.uk
*{{note|66}} www.members.tripod.com/~ngin/scigag.htm
*{{note|67}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|68}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coma/about.htm#tor
*{{note|69}}www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm"> www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm (1998)
*{{note|70}} http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm
*{{note|71}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmfoods/276/9031006.htmv
*{{note|72}} M2 PressWIRE December 15, 2000
*{{note|73}} M2 PressWIRE March 6, 2001
*{{note|74}} M2 PRESSWIRE April 30, 1997
*{{note|75}} Haymarket Publishing Services Ltd PR Week August 4, 1995
*{{note|76}} M2 PRESSWIRE May 6, 1998

Food and Drink Federation: Influence and lobbying

2007-07-10T15:41:47Z

Will:

The [[Food and Drink Federation]] is a corporate-controlled lobby group which promotes corporate interests in three ways:
*Producing biased information for the public domain
*Lobbying government for corporate-friendly legislation and regulation.
*Placing industry people on relevant government panels to ensure that industry itself decides how or if it should be regulated.

There is ample evidence for all three of these processes. A more subtle current running through the promotion of corporate interests, is the placing of industry representatives on research funding councils and in supposedly independent research institutions.

==Influencing the public==

The Foodfuture programme and the debate on genetically modified crops (www.foodfuture.org.uk)

The FDF claims to provide 'transparent and objective dialogue' to improve public understanding of biotechnology. Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], Director General of the FDF, claims that the FDF is 'neither for, nor against, genetic modification in food production'{{ref|13}}. However, whilst posing as an impartial body, the FDF is by no means undecided as to the benefits of biotechnology for its members. As far back as 1998/1999, an FDF memorandum to a government Select Committee stated:
'FDF believes that the use of genetic modification of food production can provide benefits throughout the food chain: to primary producers; food processors and consumers we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods'{{ref|14}}

When asked how the FDF is helping to 'improve the whole question of public acceptance of this technology [biotechnology]'{{ref|15}}, [[Iain Ferguson]], who holds several positions in the FDF (see below), replied that it could be achieved by providing 'unbiased, transparent information available to people'. The Foodfuture programme 'is also about making available material for journalists to incorporate in their articles giving an unbiased source of information and running a whole series of exhibitions and roadshows.'

But is this information unbiased or independent? What does 'transparent information' mean? If anything, it suggests that we should know who wrote Foodfuture publications. In reality, we don't know who has written the Foodfuture publications, only that they are published by the FDF, one of them with the support of the [[NFU]]. Neither of these groups is a scientific organisation; instead, both represent corporate interests intent on the intensification of agriculture. The analysis below should expose how far the FDF falls short of being an unbiased or transparent source of information.

An analysis of FDF publication 'GM Crops and the Environment: Benefits and Risks' (2000)
(FDF publication, with the support of the NFU; available on request from the FDF).

===Introduction===
'Growing crops is not a natural process'; therefore we need to ask 'how the benefits and risks of GM crops compare with existing farming practices'.

====Organic farming====
Organic farming has 'decided not to adopt the [GM] technology'; we are told organic methods can have 'negative effects on the environment : organic pesticides require careful handling to avoid killing insects and birds. On the farm, mechanical methods of weed control (ploughing and tilling) can be more harmful than pesticides; copper sulphate [an organic pesticide] is toxic'.

None of these statements is dirctly untrue but they neglect to look at the reality of organic practices or to compare that to practices using conventional pesticide use, which is generally much more harmful to the environment.

====Benefits of GM-agriculture====
'[M]any people want farmers to use fewer chemicals'. GM crops fulfil the role by requiring fewer applications of chemicals which the crop is designed to be resistant to; as an added bonus, 'the use of tractor diesel is reduced as fewer sprayings means fewer trips across the fields'.

True, if you believe industry propaganda. The experience of farmers in the USA, tells another story. Increasing resistance to glyphosate, the main herbicide used the growing of GM crops has led to a need for more applications both of glyphosate and other pesticides such as atrazine.{{ref|16}}

====Feeding the world with GM crops====
[[Professor Burke]], writing in the Food Futures quarterly journal claims that it is 'perverse, even criminal, to walk away from an increased source of food when we need it desperately'{{ref|17}} He states '100 million people starving and 800 million people hungry in the world today'. Their presumption is that starvation results from a shortage of food, which only GM crops can solve through higher yields. This argument has been categorically denounced by social scientists working in the field. Starvation is in most cases caused by lack of access to food, not a food shortage globally. Foodfuture's obvious conclusion is to use GM-technology to grow more food, whilst actually contributing to the problem by making larger areas of the world dependent on low farm-wages, possible unemployment, and subsequent starvation.

The Foodfuture publication goes on to claim that the major criticism of GM technology is that not all the world will have access to it. The challenge becomes one of spreading the technology around the world. We are then assured that 'Some of the large corporations who own the technology have freely donated certain applications to developing countries.' This is in the long term interests of the biotechnology corporations, who are keen to see their practices spread worldwide. Note that they only donate 'certain applications', i.e. the farmer still has to buy the seeds and/or the chemicals and/or the machinery.

====The dangers of cross pollination====
One of the problems of GM-technology is the possible cross-pollination of GM-crops to non-GM crops, and wild relatives of GM crops. This can lead to, for example, herbicide-resistant weeds and volunteers. Rather than refute this widely-accepted possibility, Foodfuture tries to play down the importance of the cross-pollination of GM and non-GM crops:
'In the UK we already fight with Giant Hogweed, Japanese Knotweed and other weeds accidentally introduced from other countries - these may be more of a problem than weeds derived from cross-pollination with GM plants.'

====Risk of intensive agriculture to biodiversity====
The FDF admits that intensive, monocultural agriculture reduces biodiversity levels in rural regions. Therefore they argue that 'the more efficient we make agriculture the less pressure there will be on 'wild habitats', neglecting the possiblity that maintaining biodiversity can be an integral and useful part of farming techniques.

These documents are available on the Foodfuture website or in their free publication (just e-mail and ask). The FDF also takes their views around the country at exhibitions and roadshows.

==Lobbying Government==

Examples of how the FDF has distorted the political process are found in the 'Corporate crimes' section.
Here is just one example of how the FDF have exerted their influence in their own interest rather than in the interest of the long term health of the planet.

===The Climate Change Levy===
The FDF has recently secured an agreement with the government such that its members avoid paying 80% of the climate change levy (CCL). The UK government introduced the CCL in April 2001, aiming it at non-domestic energy-users and encouraging them to be more energy efficient. The FDF 'lobbied hard' to achieve dramatic levy-reductions in exchange for rather more modest energy-reductions over 10 years (11.4% reduction by 2010){{ref|18}}. This skilful piece of lobbying saved the industry approximately �250 million per year.

===Influence through the Industry/Government partnership===

Below is a list of FDF people (past and present) who have represented industry whilst also sitting on government committees. The list is by no means exhaustive. For one, the FDF is not obliged to publish details of all the people it employs; rather, it chooses which names to post on its website, although this selection misses out the most 'interconnected' people. This information was mainly sourced from government websites (Parliament Committee Reports ) and the Regulatory News Service (which provides information on industry job positions).

*[[Iain Ferguson]]
The FDF website does not mention Iain Ferguson, even though he is Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the FDF{{ref|19}}. Further research shows that Iain Ferguson is a key industry pro-GM supporter, responsible for developing companies' future directions, representing those directions to government, and listening to those directions whilst sitting on government committees.

Industry positions
- Senior Vice-President, Corporate Development, of [[Unilever]] plc, where he is responsible for 'corporate strategy and new business development throughout Unilever' {{ref|20}}. This puts him in a key decision-making position for the future direction of Unilever.
- Over the last 15 years with Unilever he has held various senior positions, including Chair of [[Birds Eye Wall]]'s, Chair of [[Unilever Plantations and Plant Science Group]], and Technical Director of [[BOCM Silcock]]. During his time as Chair of the Unilever Plantations Group, 'he was responsible for 90,000 employees living and working in oil palm, tea, coffee, and flower plantations in 12 countries around the world'{{ref|21}}.
- Non-executive director of [[Syngen International plc]], a global company which applies genomics and biotechnology to animal breeding{{ref|22}}. It previously specialised in pigs but is now moving into poultry, beef and fish markets.

Industry-representative positions:
- Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the Food and Drink Federation
- Chair of the Food Policy and Resources Committee of the Food and Drink Federation. This is a significant committee, composed of 15 chief executives of the major food companies, which examines food regulations and policies{{ref|23}}.
- Fellow of the [[Institute of Grocery Distribution]] (the UK food retailing trade body).
- Vice-President of the Institute of Grocery Distribution (from January 2003 he will be President).
- Non-executive director of the [[British Nutrition Foundation]].
- Non-executive director of [[Rothamsted Experimental Station Limited]]. Rothamsted is the main site of the [[Institute of Arable Crops Research]] (IACR); it is the largest agricultural research centre in the UK and is possibly the oldest research station in the world. Rothampsted and the IACR have researched and promoted intensive agricultural production from the post-War development of chemical pesticides to the use of biotechnology. Their partners include [[Aventis]], [[DuPont]], [[Novartis]] and [[Syngenta]]. The IACR promotes biotechnology, arguing that 'New [crop] varieties and products will ultimately benefit consumers and maintain a competitive advantage for UK agriculture and associated industries.'{{ref|24}}

Government-related positions:
- Commissioner on the UK Government's Policy on the Future of Farming and Food, resulting in the Curry Report.
- Member of the UK's [[DTI Foresight Group]] This programme is managed by the Office of Science and Technology; it 'brings together key people, knowledge and ideas to look beyond normal commercial time horizons to identify potential opportunities from new science and technologies and actions to help realise those potentials.'{{ref|25}} Although it is meant to be an independent government body, it is infiltrated with industry GM-promoters and has heavily supported biotechnology and other novel food that will provide new avenues for food manufacturers.
- In particular, Iain Ferguson sits on the 'Institute of Physics: Industry and Business Foresight: Food Chain and Crops for Industry' Panel, where he joins Professor [[Janet Bainbridge]], a well-known GM-supporter.{{ref|26}} This panel forms one of the many panels in the Foresight programme which develops 'visions of the future to guide people who make today's decisions in business, academia and government.'

*Dr [[Geraldine Schofield]]
Dr Schofield, a microbiologist, is involved in industry research and industry representation at national and international level, as well as sitting on government committees that are meant to regulate exactly the things that she lobbies for. She is active nationally and internationally, promoting biotechnology to academia, industry, and governing bodies.

A keen GM supporter, her publications include: 'Challenges in Marketing Novel Products' {{ref|27}}; 'Why Biotechnology?'{{ref|28}}; and 'Corporate Perspectives on Uncertainty'{{ref|29}}.

In 2002 she was awarded an MBE for her services to 'biotechnology transfer'{{ref|30}}. She is a key figure in the biotechnology regulatory and lobbying scene.

Industry positions:
- Head of Regulatory Affairs at [[Unilever Research UK]]. {{ref|31}}
- Academic and public health positions in microbial ecology and taxonomy, biotechnology, biosafety and risk assessment{{ref|32}}.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Novel Foods and Biotechnology Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation{{ref|33}}.
- Honorary Treasurer and Trustee of the [[Society for Applied Microbiology]] (SFAM). This charity works to 'advance the study of microbiology, particularly in its application to the environment, agriculture and industry'{{ref|34}}. It is of little surprise that its research interests include bioengineering; and food safety and technology. In 1999, the SFAM accepted corporate membership.
- Editor of Journal of Commercial Biotechnology{{ref|35}}.
- Member of the steering group on behalf of Unilever for the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Bangkok Meeting on 'New Biotechnology Foods and Crops: Science, Safety and Society' (July 2001).
- Vice-Chair of [[BIAC]] (Business and Industry Advisory Committee) expert group on Biotechnology{{ref|36}}. BIAC describes itself as 'The voice of the business community at the OECD'.{{ref|37}}

Government-related positions
- Panel member of the [[Measurement Advisory Committee Working Group]] for the DTI's NMS's (National Measurement System) Science and Technology Programme: Biotechnology. This panel was set up to help UK biotechnology industries maintain their lead over European competitors by introducing comparative measurement which 'balances and harmonises' regulation between countries (i.e. ensuring the minimum legislation for the UK such that biotechnology firms located in the UK may benefit from looser GM-laws). Another explicit aim of this panel is to try to 'help improve public confidence, particularly in the agro-food applications of biotechnology.'{{ref|38}}
- Member of the Health & Safety Commission{{ref|39}} (there is no information on her role in this Commission).
- According to one source{{ref|40}}, she is or has been a Member of the UK Government's [[Advisory Committee on Genetic Modification]] and a member of the [[Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment]] (ACRE).

*[[Neville Craddock]]
Another key individual involved in GM-regulatory issues. Like Dr Schofield, he easily straddles the industry and government divide. In his own words, he represents 'industry sectors and my company at both national and EU level in discussions with Government, the Commission, Parliaments and other interest parties.' {{ref|41}}
As part of his industry role, he lectures internationally on GM-labelling issues to businesses implementing labelling legislation 'in the most cost-efficient manner'. He has spoken out against EU attempts to enforce stricter labelling laws on GM ingredients (see 'Corporate Crimes' section).

Industry positions:
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK (see Corporate Watch's profile on Nestle) where he is responsible for the legal compliance of Nestle's United Kingdom Business, and for external representation of the company in respect of environmental and regulatory developments (including GM-food issues){{ref|42}}
- Previously, he has held 'a series of increasingly senior, technical and management positions with [[British Petroleum]] (agricultural, fermentation and animal feed projects), [[Dalgety-Spillers]] (foods, food ingredients and petfoods) and [[Bowyers/Northern Foods]] (meat products) before joining Nestle UK Ltd in August 1986'.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee for the Food and Drink Federation. This is the principal technical, scientific and regulatory committee of the FDF made up of the chairs of the FDF's specialist sub-committees (such as the [[Novel Foods]] and [[Biotechnology]] Sub-Committee){{ref|43}}.
- Gave evidence defending industry representation on government panels to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (see 'Corporate Crimes' section). This amounts to defending the vested interests of certain government committee members.
- Member of the [[Institute of Food Science and Technology]] (IFST). This is 'the independent incorporated professional qualifying body for food scientists and technologists'; its objectives include 'to serve the public interest by furthering the application of science and technology to all aspects of the supply of safe, wholesome, nutritious and attractive food, nationally and internationally'; and 'to assist members in their career and personal development within the profession'{{ref|44}}.
- Contributor of the UK Royal Society's paper entitled 'Genetically Modified Plants for food use' (September 1998), which is exceedingly supportive of biotechnology{{ref|45}}.
- Author of 'Risk, Precaution and the Food Business', in Governing Food: Science, Safety and Trade (2002; Phillips and Wolfe Eds.)
- FDF-representative to the [[American National Food Processors Association]]{{ref|46}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the Food Advisory Committee (FAC), November 1995 (when it was with MAFF{{ref|47}}) to December 2001 (when it was abolished).
- Member of the [[Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes]] (ACNFP). This committee forms part of the Food Standards Agency (FSA), a government agency which claims to work at 'arm's length' from government so as to be an independent food safety watchdog which can publish any advice it issues. However, it is widely suspected of being over-involvd with industry. Craddock was one of six new members to be appointed to ACNFP in February 2002 (the new contracts last until December 2004), accompanied by loud FSA claims to be increasing 'lay representation on this advisory committee', 'putting the consumer first', and being 'independent'{{ref|48}}. Craddock was publicised as 'an expert in food technology and quality assurance'; his industry positions were mot mentioned.
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager of the [[Agricultural and Countermeasures Working Group]]. This is one stakeholder group of five national stakeholder groups that form part of the [[European Atomic Energy Community Programme]] called 'FARMING'. This stands for 'Food and Agriculture Restoration Management Involving Networked Groups'. Its main objective is to 'create a European network of stakeholder groups....to assist in the development of robust and practicable strategies for restoring and managing rural areas contaminated by radioactivity'{{ref|49}}.
- Participator in the EU Commission Working Groups on Food Additives and in the EU Advisory Veterinary Committee examining Food Hygiene legislation {{ref|50}}.

*[[Valerie Saint]]

Industry positions:
- Legal Adviser to Unilever UK.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Labelling Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Legislation and Technical Committee of the [[Ice Cream Federation]]{{ref|51}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the [[Enforcement Liaison Group]] (ELG). The ELG works with local authority food law enforcement on issues such as: food hygiene; food standards; feeding stuffs enforcement officials{{ref|52}}.
- Member of the 'ad hoc' Clear Labelling Taskforce created in January 2001 to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|53}} Surprisingly (!), the taskforce, made up of people with a 'wide range of expertise, experience and interests', decided that being informed of any GM-ingredients in food was not one of the pieces of information that 'consumers need to make informed purchase decisions'.

*Professor [[Peter John Aggett]] MSc, MB,ChB, FRCP(L)(E)(G), DCH
Professor Aggett, head of [[Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health]], has accumulated an enormous list of work he has done for companies with an interest in biotechnology. He is a member of the FDF, and also sits on the government panels where he lobbies from his industry position.
The commercial interests listed below are by no means complete - they just give a glimpse of the industry-paid work that he and his department have carried out over the last few years.
Professor Aggett's research interests include 'human nutrition and metabolism and food-related activities'{{ref|54}}.

Industry related Positions
N.B. The sources of information for each of his commercial interests have been listed for accuracy's sake, although they may not be of relevance to many readers. Listed are the years that the commercial interest were recorded (usually in the annual report), then the committee with which the interest was recorded, and finally the type of interest. A 'Personal Company Interest' is one which involves payment to the member personally. A 'Non-Personal Company Interest' involves payment which benefits a department for which a member is responsible (such as Aggett's Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health).
N.B. From the 2000 'COT' register of Commercial Interests, no differentiation was made between Personal and Non-Personal Interests.
For an explanation of the acronyms ('COT' etc), see under Professor Aggett's Government-related positions.

- [[SMA Nutrition]] (1996/Select Committee on Agriculture/ Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|55}})
- [[Nestec]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|56}} and 2000/ACNFP/Personal Company Interest{{ref|57}} and 2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|58}})
- [[Wyeth]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest and 2000/ ACNFP/Personal Company Interest). Wyeth is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the largest biotechnology companies in the world{{ref|59}}.
- [[Kelloggs]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Milupa]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Nutricia]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Ajinomoto]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Unilever]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|60}})
- [[Nestle]] (1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest)
- [[Borax]] (2000/COT/Personal Company Interest){{ref|61}}. Borax, a member of the Rio Tinto group, is the 'acknowledged world leader in borate technology, research and development'. Borax mines boron for use in polymer additives, agriculture, and timber preservation. According to Borax, 'boron is an essential micronutrient for plants, vital to their growth and development. Without sufficient boron, plant fertilization, seeding and fruiting are not possible In areas of acute deficiency, borates can increase crop yields by 30 to 40 percent.'{{ref|62}}
- [[Unilever]] (2000/COT) {{ref|63}}
- [[Abbott]] (2000/COT). Abbott is a health care company, employing more than 5,000 scientists around the world and investing $1bn each year into R&D to develop 'new, innovative health care technologies' in their key therapeutic areas (diabetes, pain management, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS, men's and women's health, paediatrics and animal health). Abbott is involved in biotechnological research{{ref|64}}.
- [[Abbott EU]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Astra-Zeneca]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Smith Nephew]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[ILSI]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Welcome]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Yakult]] (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- 'Many other food, pharmaceutical and chemical companies' (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)

Industry-representative positions
- Member of the FDF (2000/COT), although his position and job description is unknown.
- Member of [[Institute of Food Research]] (IFR). The IFR ('Science you can trust') is a company with charitable status, sponsored by the [[Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council]], that carries out research into food safety, diet and health, and food materials and ingredients, as well as GMOs. They are focused towards the application of their work in industry: 'to exploit and/or apply the output of our research for the benefit of our stakeholders.'{{ref|65}} as their mision statement says. To emphasise the IFR's interest in biotechnology, the Director of the John Innes Centre (the UK's leading plant biotech institute) said that the IFR would suffer badly from a moratorium on GM{{ref|66}}.
- Member of the Meat and Livestock Commission.

Government-related positions
- Deputy-Chair (2002) of Committee on [[Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment]] (COT){{ref|67}}
- Member of Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA) from 1997{{ref|68}}.
- Member of Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) from August 1998.

*[[John (Graham) Wood]] OBE
Wood seems to have no direct industry connections. However, this does not stop him actively promoting biotechnology. He believes that 'modern biotechnology offers many potential benefits and will be a key factor in improving the quality and quantity of the food supply. It has the capacity to make a positive impact on many aspects of life - on food, health and the environment.' {{ref|69}} For views such as these, in 2002 he received an OBE for services to the FDF and to food safety.

Industry-representative position:
- Employed by FDF since 1985 (when it was founded), where he has been involved in a wide range of scientific and technical issues, particularly relating to UK and European Union (EU) food law. He may also have worked for other food trade associations ({{ref|70}}).
- He is presently Head of Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Division for the Food and Drink Federation, where his responsibilities embrace technical food legislation, research and development, environmental issues and consumer issues with a technical or scientific content.
- Member of Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST).
- Represented the FDF to the Food Standards Select Committee, which created the [[Food Standards Agency]] (1998-1999). The minutes show that the FDF lobbied hard for an FSA that focused on dealing with consumer concern over contentious issues: 'listeria, salmonella, e.coli, BSE, and perhaps the introduction of novel foods We do feel that this is the area, rather than nutritional adequacy of the diet or the nutrient value of individual food products, that is the issue.'{{ref|71}} Once the FSA was stuffed full of industry-representatives (as it is), the FSA could become a powerful corporate-controlled government organisation which gave advice to the public and regulated biotechnology.

*[[Bobby Lawes]]{{ref|72}}

Industry positions
- Deputy Chair of [[Pritchett Foods]].

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Milk Working Party for the Food and Drink Federation.

Government-related positions:
- Member of UK Government Milk Task Force (December 2000)

*[[David Lattimore]]{{ref|73}}

Industry positions:
- Director of Milk and Trade Relations at [[Unigate European Foods Limited]].

Industry-representative positions:
- Member of CAP Working Group for the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Liquid Milk Committee of the [[European Dairy Association]]

Government-related position:
- Member of [[Milk Development Council of Great Britain]] (as of February 2001).
- Member of the [[DIF]] Council

*[[Guy Walker]] CBE MA {{ref|74}}
(These positions are probably all past positions)

Industry positions:
- Chair of [[Van den Bergh Foods Ltd]]

Industry-representaive positions:
- President of the Food and Drink Federation
- Member of Advisory Board of the [[Institute of Food Research]].

Government-related positions:
- Member of DTI's (Department of Trade and Industry) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), 1 April 1997 to 31 March 2000.

*[[Helen Messenger]] {{ref|75}}

Industry positions:
- Head of Corporate Affairs for Milupa, one of the two top companies in the baby food market (2000 - ?). She was employed to help counter public concerns about dried milk and processed baby foods and to fight demands for tighter controls on the marketing and contents of baby foods. Milupa is also one of the four leading suppliers of powdered baby milk in the UK, a market worth around �170 million a year with over a third of UK mothers using baby milk formulas from birth

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Infant and Dietetic Foods Association, a unit of the Food and Drink Federation, funded by major baby milk and food manufacturers (1997 - 2000). While there, she played a leading role in defending baby food and drinks manufacturers from claims that some products contain excessive sugar and starches, offer poor nutritional value and carry inadequate label information.

*[[Mike Warrander]] {{ref|76}}
(Probably all previous positions).

Industry positions
- Retired Utilities Co-ordination Executive, Allied Domecq plc

Industry-representastive positions
- Member of Food and Drink Federation and Energy and Water Panel
- Acting Chair for Water Forum of Utilities Buyers' Forum
- Member CBI Energy Policy Committee

Government-related positions
- Member of OFWAT local water watchdog committee (1998 - ?)
- Member of OFGAS Metering Steering Group

Other:
- Chair, Four Oaks Branch Sutton Coldfield Conservative Association; (West Midlands) (first appointed 8/8/96).

==Summary==

This section has brought to light many 'behind-the-scene' players who do not appear on the FDF or other industry websites, but who have to be listed when sitting on government committees. These people play an important role in bring corporate interests and control into the heart of the political process. A position in the FDF provides easy entry into government, both at the lobbying level and for direct representation.

What is also amply clear from this list is the linkages between industry and the scientific research, thus ensuring the research agenda closely matches the needs of industry.

==Notes==
*{{note|13}} Sylvia Jay speaking, reported in 'New identity-preserved standard aims to make sourcing, supplying non-GM simpler and cheaper.' Author: just-food.com editorial team, 11 Sep 2001 ( http://just-food.com/features_detail.asp?art=512&c=1)
*{{note|14}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/11we19.htm
*{{note|15}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|16}} See for example 'Seeds of Doubt' report for the Soil Association compiled by Hugh Warwick. Sept 2002.
*{{note|17}} Professor Burke, writing for Foodfuture quarterly magazine and at http://www.foodfuture.org.uk/newindex.html
*{{note|18}} Peter Blackburn, FDF President, in http://www.fdf.org.uk/speeches/speech010308a.pdf
*{{note|19}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|20}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|21}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|22}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|23}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|24}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|25}} www.foresight.gov.uk
*{{note|26}} http://194.200.94.127/IOP/Foresight/foodchain.html
*{{note|27}} http://www.biology4all.com/SummerSchoolupdatedforweb.doc
*{{note|28}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/1998/paper_417.htm
*{{note|29}} http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/STPP.nsf/web/biotech-conf
*{{note|30}} http://society.guardian.co.uk/societyguardian/story/0,7843,629397,00.html
*{{note|31}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|32}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm
*{{note|33}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|34}} http://www.sfam.org.uk/society/corpmem.htm
*{{note|35}} http://www.henrystewart.com/journals/cb/edboard.html
*{{note|36}} http://www.biac.org/biacdir/commbiotech.htm (July 2001)
*{{note|37}} http://www.biac.org/Framepos.htm
*{{note|38}} http://www.dti.gov.uk/nms/prog/new/biotech.pdf
*{{note|39}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Writtens-10.html
*{{note|40}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm (April 2001)
*{{note|41}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|42}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|43}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|44}} http://www.ifst.org/whatsnew.htm
*{{note|45}} http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/files/statfiles/document-56.pdf
*{{note|46}} http://www.nfpa-food.org/News_Release/042601FoodPolicyConfnewsrelease.htm
*{{note|47}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|48}} http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/48007
*{{note|49}} http://www.ec-farming.net/
*{{note|50}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|51}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/inf/newsrel/1998/980423a.htm
*{{note|52}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/enforcement/role/laelg/laelgmemberstor
*{{note|53}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|54}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmpubadm/209/9061503.htm
#{{note|55}} www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199798/cmselect/cmagric/753/80519p05.htm
#{{note|56}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma97.pdf
*{{note|57}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/food/novel/interest.htm
*{{note|58}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/science/ouradvisors/toxicity/moreinfo/43531
*{{note|59}} http://www.wyeth.com/about/index.asp
*{{note|60}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma99.pdf
*{{note|61}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coc/2000ar.pdf
*{{note|62}} http://www.borax.com
*{{note|63}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|64}} http://abbott.com/corporate/corporate_overview.html
*{{note|65}} http://www.ifr.bbsrc.ac.uk
*{{note|66}} www.members.tripod.com/~ngin/scigag.htm
*{{note|67}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|68}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coma/about.htm#tor
*{{note|69}}www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm"> www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm (1998)
*{{note|70}} http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm
*{{note|71}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmfoods/276/9031006.htmv
*{{note|72}} M2 PressWIRE December 15, 2000
*{{note|73}} M2 PressWIRE March 6, 2001
*{{note|74}} M2 PRESSWIRE April 30, 1997
*{{note|75}} Haymarket Publishing Services Ltd PR Week August 4, 1995
*{{note|76}} M2 PRESSWIRE May 6, 1998

Food and Drink Federation: Influence and lobbying

2007-07-10T15:33:46Z

Will:

The [[Food and Drink Federation]] is a corporate-controlled lobby group which promotes corporate interests in three ways:
*Producing biased information for the public domain
*Lobbying government for corporate-friendly legislation and regulation.
*Placing industry people on relevant government panels to ensure that industry itself decides how or if it should be regulated.

There is ample evidence for all three of these processes. A more subtle current running through the promotion of corporate interests, is the placing of industry representatives on research funding councils and in supposedly independent research institutions.

==Influencing the public==

The Foodfuture programme and the debate on genetically modified crops (www.foodfuture.org.uk)

The FDF claims to provide 'transparent and objective dialogue' to improve public understanding of biotechnology. Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], Director General of the FDF, claims that the FDF is 'neither for, nor against, genetic modification in food production'{{ref|13}}. However, whilst posing as an impartial body, the FDF is by no means undecided as to the benefits of biotechnology for its members. As far back as 1998/1999, an FDF memorandum to a government Select Committee stated:
'FDF believes that the use of genetic modification of food production can provide benefits throughout the food chain: to primary producers; food processors and consumers we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods'{{ref|14}}

When asked how the FDF is helping to 'improve the whole question of public acceptance of this technology [biotechnology]'{{ref|15}}, [[Iain Ferguson]], who holds several positions in the FDF (see below), replied that it could be achieved by providing 'unbiased, transparent information available to people'. The Foodfuture programme 'is also about making available material for journalists to incorporate in their articles giving an unbiased source of information and running a whole series of exhibitions and roadshows.'

But is this information unbiased or independent? What does 'transparent information' mean? If anything, it suggests that we should know who wrote Foodfuture publications. In reality, we don't know who has written the Foodfuture publications, only that they are published by the FDF, one of them with the support of the [[NFU]]. Neither of these groups is a scientific organisation; instead, both represent corporate interests intent on the intensification of agriculture. The analysis below should expose how far the FDF falls short of being an unbiased or transparent source of information.

An analysis of FDF publication 'GM Crops and the Environment: Benefits and Risks' (2000)
(FDF publication, with the support of the NFU; available on request from the FDF).

===Introduction===
'Growing crops is not a natural process'; therefore we need to ask 'how the benefits and risks of GM crops compare with existing farming practices'.

====Organic farming====
Organic farming has 'decided not to adopt the [GM] technology'; we are told organic methods can have 'negative effects on the environment : organic pesticides require careful handling to avoid killing insects and birds. On the farm, mechanical methods of weed control (ploughing and tilling) can be more harmful than pesticides; copper sulphate [an organic pesticide] is toxic'.

None of these statements is dirctly untrue but they neglect to look at the reality of organic practices or to compare that to practices using conventional pesticide use, which is generally much more harmful to the environment.

====Benefits of GM-agriculture====
'[M]any people want farmers to use fewer chemicals'. GM crops fulfil the role by requiring fewer applications of chemicals which the crop is designed to be resistant to; as an added bonus, 'the use of tractor diesel is reduced as fewer sprayings means fewer trips across the fields'.

True, if you believe industry propaganda. The experience of farmers in the USA, tells another story. Increasing resistance to glyphosate, the main herbicide used the growing of GM crops has led to a need for more applications both of glyphosate and other pesticides such as atrazine.{{ref|16}}

====Feeding the world with GM crops====
[[Professor Burke]], writing in the Food Futures quarterly journal claims that it is 'perverse, even criminal, to walk away from an increased source of food when we need it desperately'{{ref|17}} He states '100 million people starving and 800 million people hungry in the world today'. Their presumption is that starvation results from a shortage of food, which only GM crops can solve through higher yields. This argument has been categorically denounced by social scientists working in the field. Starvation is in most cases caused by lack of access to food, not a food shortage globally. Foodfuture's obvious conclusion is to use GM-technology to grow more food, whilst actually contributing to the problem by making larger areas of the world dependent on low farm-wages, possible unemployment, and subsequent starvation.

The Foodfuture publication goes on to claim that the major criticism of GM technology is that not all the world will have access to it. The challenge becomes one of spreading the technology around the world. We are then assured that 'Some of the large corporations who own the technology have freely donated certain applications to developing countries.' This is in the long term interests of the biotechnology corporations, who are keen to see their practices spread worldwide. Note that they only donate 'certain applications', i.e. the farmer still has to buy the seeds and/or the chemicals and/or the machinery.

====The dangers of cross pollination====
One of the problems of GM-technology is the possible cross-pollination of GM-crops to non-GM crops, and wild relatives of GM crops. This can lead to, for example, herbicide-resistant weeds and volunteers. Rather than refute this widely-accepted possibility, Foodfuture tries to play down the importance of the cross-pollination of GM and non-GM crops:
'In the UK we already fight with Giant Hogweed, Japanese Knotweed and other weeds accidentally introduced from other countries - these may be more of a problem than weeds derived from cross-pollination with GM plants.'

====Risk of intensive agriculture to biodiversity====
The FDF admits that intensive, monocultural agriculture reduces biodiversity levels in rural regions. Therefore they argue that 'the more efficient we make agriculture the less pressure there will be on 'wild habitats', neglecting the possiblity that maintaining biodiversity can be an integral and useful part of farming techniques.

These documents are available on the Foodfuture website or in their free publication (just e-mail and ask). The FDF also takes their views around the country at exhibitions and roadshows.

==Lobbying Government==

Examples of how the FDF has distorted the political process are found in the 'Corporate crimes' section.
Here is just one example of how the FDF have exerted their influence in their own interest rather than in the interest of the long term health of the planet.

===The Climate Change Levy===
The FDF has recently secured an agreement with the government such that its members avoid paying 80% of the climate change levy (CCL). The UK government introduced the CCL in April 2001, aiming it at non-domestic energy-users and encouraging them to be more energy efficient. The FDF 'lobbied hard' to achieve dramatic levy-reductions in exchange for rather more modest energy-reductions over 10 years (11.4% reduction by 2010){{ref|18}}. This skilful piece of lobbying saved the industry approximately �250 million per year.

===Influence through the Industry/Government partnership===

Below is a list of FDF people (past and present) who have represented industry whilst also sitting on government committees. The list is by no means exhaustive. For one, the FDF is not obliged to publish details of all the people it employs; rather, it chooses which names to post on its website, although this selection misses out the most 'interconnected' people. This information was mainly sourced from government websites (Parliament Committee Reports ) and the Regulatory News Service (which provides information on industry job positions).

*[[Iain Ferguson]]
The FDF website does not mention Iain Ferguson, even though he is Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the FDF{{ref|19}}. Further research shows that Iain Ferguson is a key industry pro-GM supporter, responsible for developing companies' future directions, representing those directions to government, and listening to those directions whilst sitting on government committees.

Industry positions
- Senior Vice-President, Corporate Development, of [[Unilever]] plc, where he is responsible for 'corporate strategy and new business development throughout Unilever' {{ref|20}}. This puts him in a key decision-making position for the future direction of Unilever.
- Over the last 15 years with Unilever he has held various senior positions, including Chair of [[Birds Eye Wall]]'s, Chair of [[Unilever Plantations and Plant Science Group]], and Technical Director of [[BOCM Silcock]]. During his time as Chair of the Unilever Plantations Group, 'he was responsible for 90,000 employees living and working in oil palm, tea, coffee, and flower plantations in 12 countries around the world'{{ref|21}}.
- Non-executive director of [[Syngen International plc]], a global company which applies genomics and biotechnology to animal breeding{{ref|22}}. It previously specialised in pigs but is now moving into poultry, beef and fish markets.

Industry-representative positions:
- Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the Food and Drink Federation
- Chair of the Food Policy and Resources Committee of the Food and Drink Federation. This is a significant committee, composed of 15 chief executives of the major food companies, which examines food regulations and policies{{ref|23}}.
- Fellow of the [[Institute of Grocery Distribution]] (the UK food retailing trade body).
- Vice-President of the Institute of Grocery Distribution (from January 2003 he will be President).
- Non-executive director of the [[British Nutrition Foundation]].
- Non-executive director of [[Rothamsted Experimental Station Limited]]. Rothamsted is the main site of the [[Institute of Arable Crops Research]] (IACR); it is the largest agricultural research centre in the UK and is possibly the oldest research station in the world. Rothampsted and the IACR have researched and promoted intensive agricultural production from the post-War development of chemical pesticides to the use of biotechnology. Their partners include [[Aventis]], [[DuPont]], [[Novartis]] and [[Syngenta]]. The IACR promotes biotechnology, arguing that 'New [crop] varieties and products will ultimately benefit consumers and maintain a competitive advantage for UK agriculture and associated industries.'{{ref|24}}

Government-related positions:
- Commissioner on the UK Government's Policy on the Future of Farming and Food, resulting in the Curry Report.
- Member of the UK's [[DTI Foresight Group]] This programme is managed by the Office of Science and Technology; it 'brings together key people, knowledge and ideas to look beyond normal commercial time horizons to identify potential opportunities from new science and technologies and actions to help realise those potentials.'{{ref|25}} Although it is meant to be an independent government body, it is infiltrated with industry GM-promoters and has heavily supported biotechnology and other novel food that will provide new avenues for food manufacturers.
- In particular, Iain Ferguson sits on the 'Institute of Physics: Industry and Business Foresight: Food Chain and Crops for Industry' Panel, where he joins Professor [[Janet Bainbridge]], a well-known GM-supporter.{{ref|26}} This panel forms one of the many panels in the Foresight programme which develops 'visions of the future to guide people who make today's decisions in business, academia and government.'

*Dr [[Geraldine Schofield]]
Dr Schofield, a microbiologist, is involved in industry research and industry representation at national and international level, as well as sitting on government committees that are meant to regulate exactly the things that she lobbies for. She is active nationally and internationally, promoting biotechnology to academia, industry, and governing bodies.

A keen GM supporter, her publications include: 'Challenges in Marketing Novel Products' {{ref|27}}; 'Why Biotechnology?'{{ref|28}}; and 'Corporate Perspectives on Uncertainty'{{ref|29}}.

In 2002 she was awarded an MBE for her services to 'biotechnology transfer'{{ref|30}}. She is a key figure in the biotechnology regulatory and lobbying scene.

Industry positions:
- Head of Regulatory Affairs at [[Unilever Research UK]]. {{ref|31}}
- Academic and public health positions in microbial ecology and taxonomy, biotechnology, biosafety and risk assessment{{ref|32}}.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Novel Foods and Biotechnology Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation{{ref|33}}.
- Honorary Treasurer and Trustee of the [[Society for Applied Microbiology]] (SFAM). This charity works to 'advance the study of microbiology, particularly in its application to the environment, agriculture and industry'{{ref|34}}. It is of little surprise that its research interests include bioengineering; and food safety and technology. In 1999, the SFAM accepted corporate membership.
- Editor of Journal of Commercial Biotechnology{{ref|35}}.
- Member of the steering group on behalf of Unilever for the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Bangkok Meeting on 'New Biotechnology Foods and Crops: Science, Safety and Society' (July 2001).
- Vice-Chair of [[BIAC]] (Business and Industry Advisory Committee) expert group on Biotechnology{{ref|36}}. BIAC describes itself as 'The voice of the business community at the OECD'.{{ref|37}}

Government-related positions
- Panel member of the [[Measurement Advisory Committee Working Group]] for the DTI's NMS's (National Measurement System) Science and Technology Programme: Biotechnology. This panel was set up to help UK biotechnology industries maintain their lead over European competitors by introducing comparative measurement which 'balances and harmonises' regulation between countries (i.e. ensuring the minimum legislation for the UK such that biotechnology firms located in the UK may benefit from looser GM-laws). Another explicit aim of this panel is to try to 'help improve public confidence, particularly in the agro-food applications of biotechnology.'{{ref|38}}
- Member of the Health & Safety Commission{{ref|39}} (there is no information on her role in this Commission).
- According to one source{{ref|40}}, she is or has been a Member of the UK Government's [[Advisory Committee on Genetic Modification]] and a member of the [[Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment]] (ACRE).

*[[Neville Craddock]]
Another key individual involved in GM-regulatory issues. Like Dr Schofield, he easily straddles the industry and government divide. In his own words, he represents 'industry sectors and my company at both national and EU level in discussions with Government, the Commission, Parliaments and other interest parties.' {{ref|41}}
As part of his industry role, he lectures internationally on GM-labelling issues to businesses implementing labelling legislation 'in the most cost-efficient manner'. He has spoken out against EU attempts to enforce stricter labelling laws on GM ingredients (see 'Corporate Crimes' section).

Industry positions:
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK (see Corporate Watch's profile on Nestle) where he is responsible for the legal compliance of Nestle's United Kingdom Business, and for external representation of the company in respect of environmental and regulatory developments (including GM-food issues){{ref|42}}
- Previously, he has held 'a series of increasingly senior, technical and management positions with [[British Petroleum]] (agricultural, fermentation and animal feed projects), [[Dalgety-Spillers]] (foods, food ingredients and petfoods) and [[Bowyers/Northern Foods]] (meat products) before joining Nestle UK Ltd in August 1986'.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee for the Food and Drink Federation. This is the principal technical, scientific and regulatory committee of the FDF made up of the chairs of the FDF's specialist sub-committees (such as the [[Novel Foods]] and [[Biotechnology]] Sub-Committee){{ref|43}}.
- Gave evidence defending industry representation on government panels to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (see 'Corporate Crimes' section). This amounts to defending the vested interests of certain government committee members.
- Member of the [[Institute of Food Science and Technology]] (IFST). This is 'the independent incorporated professional qualifying body for food scientists and technologists'; its objectives include 'to serve the public interest by furthering the application of science and technology to all aspects of the supply of safe, wholesome, nutritious and attractive food, nationally and internationally'; and 'to assist members in their career and personal development within the profession'{{ref|44}}.
- Contributor of the UK Royal Society's paper entitled 'Genetically Modified Plants for food use' (September 1998), which is exceedingly supportive of biotechnology{{ref|45}}.
- Author of 'Risk, Precaution and the Food Business', in Governing Food: Science, Safety and Trade (2002; Phillips and Wolfe Eds.)
- FDF-representative to the [[American National Food Processors Association]]{{ref|46}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the Food Advisory Committee (FAC), November 1995 (when it was with MAFF{{ref|47}}) to December 2001 (when it was abolished).
- Member of the [[Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes]] (ACNFP). This committee forms part of the Food Standards Agency (FSA), a government agency which claims to work at 'arm's length' from government so as to be an independent food safety watchdog which can publish any advice it issues. However, it is widely suspected of being over-involvd with industry. Craddock was one of six new members to be appointed to ACNFP in February 2002 (the new contracts last until December 2004), accompanied by loud FSA claims to be increasing 'lay representation on this advisory committee', 'putting the consumer first', and being 'independent'{{ref|48}}. Craddock was publicised as 'an expert in food technology and quality assurance'; his industry positions were mot mentioned.
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager of the [[Agricultural and Countermeasures Working Group]]. This is one stakeholder group of five national stakeholder groups that form part of the [[European Atomic Energy Community Programme]] called 'FARMING'. This stands for 'Food and Agriculture Restoration Management Involving Networked Groups'. Its main objective is to 'create a European network of stakeholder groups....to assist in the development of robust and practicable strategies for restoring and managing rural areas contaminated by radioactivity'{{ref|49}}.
- Participator in the EU Commission Working Groups on Food Additives and in the EU Advisory Veterinary Committee examining Food Hygiene legislation {{ref|50}}.

*[[Valerie Saint]]

Industry positions:
- Legal Adviser to Unilever UK.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Labelling Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Legislation and Technical Committee of the [[Ice Cream Federation]]{{ref|51}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the [[Enforcement Liaison Group]] (ELG). The ELG works with local authority food law enforcement on issues such as: food hygiene; food standards; feeding stuffs enforcement officials{{ref|52}}.
- Member of the 'ad hoc' Clear Labelling Taskforce created in January 2001 to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|53}} Surprisingly (!), the taskforce, made up of people with a 'wide range of expertise, experience and interests', decided that being informed of any GM-ingredients in food was not one of the pieces of information that 'consumers need to make informed purchase decisions'.

*Professor [[Peter John Aggett]] MSc, MB,ChB, FRCP(L)(E)(G), DCH
Professor Aggett, head of [[Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health]], has accumulated an enormous list of work he has done for companies with an interest in biotechnology. He is a member of the FDF, and also sits on the government panels where he lobbies from his industry position.
The commercial interests listed below are by no means complete - they just give a glimpse of the industry-paid work that he and his department have carried out over the last few years.
Professor Aggett's research interests include 'human nutrition and metabolism and food-related activities'{{ref|54}}.

Industry related Positions
N.B. The sources of information for each of his commercial interests have been listed for accuracy's sake, although they may not be of relevance to many readers. Listed are the years that the commercial interest were recorded (usually in the annual report), then the committee with which the interest was recorded, and finally the type of interest. A 'Personal Company Interest' is one which involves payment to the member personally. A 'Non-Personal Company Interest' involves payment which benefits a department for which a member is responsible (such as Aggett's Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health).
N.B. From the 2000 'COT' register of Commercial Interests, no differentiation was made between Personal and Non-Personal Interests.
For an explanation of the acronyms ('COT' etc), see under Professor Aggett's Government-related positions.

- [[SMA Nutrition]] (1996/Select Committee on Agriculture/ Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|55}})
- [[Nestec]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|56}} and 2000/ACNFP/Personal Company Interest{{ref|57}} and 2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|58}})
- [[Wyeth]] (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest and 2000/ ACNFP/Personal Company Interest). Wyeth is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the largest biotechnology companies in the world{{ref|59}}.
- [[Kelloggs]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Milupa]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Nutricia]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Ajinomoto]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- [[Unilever]] (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|60}})
- [[Nestle]] (1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest)
- [[Borax]] (2000/COT/Personal Company Interest){{ref|61}}. Borax, a member of the Rio Tinto group, is the 'acknowledged world leader in borate technology, research and development'. Borax mines boron for use in polymer additives, agriculture, and timber preservation. According to Borax, 'boron is an essential micronutrient for plants, vital to their growth and development. Without sufficient boron, plant fertilization, seeding and fruiting are not possible In areas of acute deficiency, borates can increase crop yields by 30 to 40 percent.'{{ref|62}}
- Unilever (2000/COT) {{ref|63}}
- Abbott (2000/COT). Abbott is a health care company, employing more than 5,000 scientists around the world and investing $1bn each year into R&D to develop 'new, innovative health care technologies' in their key therapeutic areas (diabetes, pain management, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS, men's and women's health, paediatrics and animal health). Abbott is involved in biotechnological research{{ref|64}}.
- Abbott EU (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Astra-Zeneca (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Smith Nephew (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- ILSI (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Welcome (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Yakult (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- 'Many other food, pharmaceutical and chemical companies' (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)

Industry-representative positions
- Member of the FDF (2000/COT), although his position and job description is unknown.
- Member of Institute of Food Research (IFR). The IFR ('Science you can trust') is a company with charitable status, sponsored by the Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council, that carries out research into food safety, diet and health, and food materials and ingredients, as well as GMOs. They are focused towards the application of their work in industry: 'to exploit and/or apply the output of our research for the benefit of our stakeholders.'{{ref|65}} as their mision statement says. To emphasise the IFR's interest in biotechnology, the Director of the John Innes Centre (the UK's leading plant biotech institute) said that the IFR would suffer badly from a moratorium on GM{{ref|66}}.
- Member of the Meat and Livestock Commission.

Government-related positions
- Deputy-Chair (2002) of Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT){{ref|67}}
- Member of Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA) from 1997{{ref|68}}.
- Member of Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) from August 1998.

*[[John (Graham) Wood]] OBE
Wood seems to have no direct industry connections. However, this does not stop him actively promoting biotechnology. He believes that 'modern biotechnology offers many potential benefits and will be a key factor in improving the quality and quantity of the food supply. It has the capacity to make a positive impact on many aspects of life - on food, health and the environment.' {{ref|69}} For views such as these, in 2002 he received an OBE for services to the FDF and to food safety.

Industry-representative position:
- Employed by FDF since 1985 (when it was founded), where he has been involved in a wide range of scientific and technical issues, particularly relating to UK and European Union (EU) food law. He may also have worked for other food trade associations ({{ref|70}}).
- He is presently Head of Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Division for the Food and Drink Federation, where his responsibilities embrace technical food legislation, research and development, environmental issues and consumer issues with a technical or scientific content.
- Member of Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST).
- Represented the FDF to the Food Standards Select Committee, which created the Food Standards Agency (1998-1999). The minutes show that the FDF lobbied hard for an FSA that focused on dealing with consumer concern over contentious issues: 'listeria, salmonella, e.coli, BSE, and perhaps the introduction of novel foods We do feel that this is the area, rather than nutritional adequacy of the diet or the nutrient value of individual food products, that is the issue.'{{ref|71}} Once the FSA was stuffed full of industry-representatives (as it is), the FSA could become a powerful corporate-controlled government organisation which gave advice to the public and regulated biotechnology.

*[[Bobby Lawes]]{{ref|72}}

Industry positions
- Deputy Chair of Pritchett Foods.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Milk Working Party for the Food and Drink Federation.

Government-related positions:
- Member of UK Government Milk Task Force (December 2000)

*[[David Lattimore]]{{ref|73}}

Industry positions:
- Director of Milk and Trade Relations at Unigate European Foods Limited.

Industry-representative positions:
- Member of CAP Working Group for the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Liquid Milk Committee of the European Dairy Association

Government-related position:
- Member of Milk Development Council of Great Britain (as of February 2001).
- Member of the DIF Council

*[[Guy Walker]] CBE MA {{ref|74}}
(These positions are probably all past positions)

Industry positions:
- Chair of Van den Bergh Foods Ltd

Industry-representaive positions:
- President of the Food and Drink Federation
- Member of Advisory Board of the Institute of Food Research.

Government-related positions:
- Member of DTI's (Department of Trade and Industry) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), 1 April 1997 to 31 March 2000.

*[[Helen Messenger]] {{ref|75}}

Industry positions:
- Head of Corporate Affairs for Milupa, one of the two top companies in the baby food market (2000 - ?). She was employed to help counter public concerns about dried milk and processed baby foods and to fight demands for tighter controls on the marketing and contents of baby foods. Milupa is also one of the four leading suppliers of powdered baby milk in the UK, a market worth around �170 million a year with over a third of UK mothers using baby milk formulas from birth

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Infant and Dietetic Foods Association, a unit of the Food and Drink Federation, funded by major baby milk and food manufacturers (1997 - 2000). While there, she played a leading role in defending baby food and drinks manufacturers from claims that some products contain excessive sugar and starches, offer poor nutritional value and carry inadequate label information.

*[[Mike Warrander]] {{ref|76}}
(Probably all previous positions).

Industry positions
- Retired Utilities Co-ordination Executive, Allied Domecq plc

Industry-representastive positions
- Member of Food and Drink Federation and Energy and Water Panel
- Acting Chair for Water Forum of Utilities Buyers' Forum
- Member CBI Energy Policy Committee

Government-related positions
- Member of OFWAT local water watchdog committee (1998 - ?)
- Member of OFGAS Metering Steering Group

Other:
- Chair, Four Oaks Branch Sutton Coldfield Conservative Association; (West Midlands) (first appointed 8/8/96).

==Summary==

This section has brought to light many 'behind-the-scene' players who do not appear on the FDF or other industry websites, but who have to be listed when sitting on government committees. These people play an important role in bring corporate interests and control into the heart of the political process. A position in the FDF provides easy entry into government, both at the lobbying level and for direct representation.

What is also amply clear from this list is the linkages between industry and the scientific research, thus ensuring the research agenda closely matches the needs of industry.

==Notes==
*{{note|13}} Sylvia Jay speaking, reported in 'New identity-preserved standard aims to make sourcing, supplying non-GM simpler and cheaper.' Author: just-food.com editorial team, 11 Sep 2001 ( http://just-food.com/features_detail.asp?art=512&c=1)
*{{note|14}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/11we19.htm
*{{note|15}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|16}} See for example 'Seeds of Doubt' report for the Soil Association compiled by Hugh Warwick. Sept 2002.
*{{note|17}} Professor Burke, writing for Foodfuture quarterly magazine and at http://www.foodfuture.org.uk/newindex.html
*{{note|18}} Peter Blackburn, FDF President, in http://www.fdf.org.uk/speeches/speech010308a.pdf
*{{note|19}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|20}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|21}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|22}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|23}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|24}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|25}} www.foresight.gov.uk
*{{note|26}} http://194.200.94.127/IOP/Foresight/foodchain.html
*{{note|27}} http://www.biology4all.com/SummerSchoolupdatedforweb.doc
*{{note|28}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/1998/paper_417.htm
*{{note|29}} http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/STPP.nsf/web/biotech-conf
*{{note|30}} http://society.guardian.co.uk/societyguardian/story/0,7843,629397,00.html
*{{note|31}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|32}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm
*{{note|33}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|34}} http://www.sfam.org.uk/society/corpmem.htm
*{{note|35}} http://www.henrystewart.com/journals/cb/edboard.html
*{{note|36}} http://www.biac.org/biacdir/commbiotech.htm (July 2001)
*{{note|37}} http://www.biac.org/Framepos.htm
*{{note|38}} http://www.dti.gov.uk/nms/prog/new/biotech.pdf
*{{note|39}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Writtens-10.html
*{{note|40}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm (April 2001)
*{{note|41}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|42}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|43}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|44}} http://www.ifst.org/whatsnew.htm
*{{note|45}} http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/files/statfiles/document-56.pdf
*{{note|46}} http://www.nfpa-food.org/News_Release/042601FoodPolicyConfnewsrelease.htm
*{{note|47}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|48}} http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/48007
*{{note|49}} http://www.ec-farming.net/
*{{note|50}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|51}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/inf/newsrel/1998/980423a.htm
*{{note|52}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/enforcement/role/laelg/laelgmemberstor
*{{note|53}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|54}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmpubadm/209/9061503.htm
#{{note|55}} www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199798/cmselect/cmagric/753/80519p05.htm
#{{note|56}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma97.pdf
*{{note|57}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/food/novel/interest.htm
*{{note|58}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/science/ouradvisors/toxicity/moreinfo/43531
*{{note|59}} http://www.wyeth.com/about/index.asp
*{{note|60}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma99.pdf
*{{note|61}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coc/2000ar.pdf
*{{note|62}} http://www.borax.com
*{{note|63}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|64}} http://abbott.com/corporate/corporate_overview.html
*{{note|65}} http://www.ifr.bbsrc.ac.uk
*{{note|66}} www.members.tripod.com/~ngin/scigag.htm
*{{note|67}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|68}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coma/about.htm#tor
*{{note|69}}www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm"> www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm (1998)
*{{note|70}} http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm
*{{note|71}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmfoods/276/9031006.htmv
*{{note|72}} M2 PressWIRE December 15, 2000
*{{note|73}} M2 PressWIRE March 6, 2001
*{{note|74}} M2 PRESSWIRE April 30, 1997
*{{note|75}} Haymarket Publishing Services Ltd PR Week August 4, 1995
*{{note|76}} M2 PRESSWIRE May 6, 1998

Food and Drink Federation: Influence and lobbying

2007-07-10T15:18:12Z

Will:

The [[Food and Drink Federation]] is a corporate-controlled lobby group which promotes corporate interests in three ways:
*Producing biased information for the public domain
*Lobbying government for corporate-friendly legislation and regulation.
*Placing industry people on relevant government panels to ensure that industry itself decides how or if it should be regulated.

There is ample evidence for all three of these processes. A more subtle current running through the promotion of corporate interests, is the placing of industry representatives on research funding councils and in supposedly independent research institutions.

==Influencing the public==

The Foodfuture programme and the debate on genetically modified crops (www.foodfuture.org.uk)

The FDF claims to provide 'transparent and objective dialogue' to improve public understanding of biotechnology. Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], Director General of the FDF, claims that the FDF is 'neither for, nor against, genetic modification in food production'{{ref|13}}. However, whilst posing as an impartial body, the FDF is by no means undecided as to the benefits of biotechnology for its members. As far back as 1998/1999, an FDF memorandum to a government Select Committee stated:
'FDF believes that the use of genetic modification of food production can provide benefits throughout the food chain: to primary producers; food processors and consumers we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods'{{ref|14}}

When asked how the FDF is helping to 'improve the whole question of public acceptance of this technology [biotechnology]'{{ref|15}}, [[Iain Ferguson]], who holds several positions in the FDF (see below), replied that it could be achieved by providing 'unbiased, transparent information available to people'. The Foodfuture programme 'is also about making available material for journalists to incorporate in their articles giving an unbiased source of information and running a whole series of exhibitions and roadshows.'

But is this information unbiased or independent? What does 'transparent information' mean? If anything, it suggests that we should know who wrote Foodfuture publications. In reality, we don't know who has written the Foodfuture publications, only that they are published by the FDF, one of them with the support of the [[NFU]]. Neither of these groups is a scientific organisation; instead, both represent corporate interests intent on the intensification of agriculture. The analysis below should expose how far the FDF falls short of being an unbiased or transparent source of information.

An analysis of FDF publication 'GM Crops and the Environment: Benefits and Risks' (2000)
(FDF publication, with the support of the NFU; available on request from the FDF).

===Introduction===
'Growing crops is not a natural process'; therefore we need to ask 'how the benefits and risks of GM crops compare with existing farming practices'.

====Organic farming====
Organic farming has 'decided not to adopt the [GM] technology'; we are told organic methods can have 'negative effects on the environment : organic pesticides require careful handling to avoid killing insects and birds. On the farm, mechanical methods of weed control (ploughing and tilling) can be more harmful than pesticides; copper sulphate [an organic pesticide] is toxic'.

None of these statements is dirctly untrue but they neglect to look at the reality of organic practices or to compare that to practices using conventional pesticide use, which is generally much more harmful to the environment.

====Benefits of GM-agriculture====
'[M]any people want farmers to use fewer chemicals'. GM crops fulfil the role by requiring fewer applications of chemicals which the crop is designed to be resistant to; as an added bonus, 'the use of tractor diesel is reduced as fewer sprayings means fewer trips across the fields'.

True, if you believe industry propaganda. The experience of farmers in the USA, tells another story. Increasing resistance to glyphosate, the main herbicide used the growing of GM crops has led to a need for more applications both of glyphosate and other pesticides such as atrazine.{{ref|16}}

====Feeding the world with GM crops====
[[Professor Burke]], writing in the Food Futures quarterly journal claims that it is 'perverse, even criminal, to walk away from an increased source of food when we need it desperately'{{ref|17}} He states '100 million people starving and 800 million people hungry in the world today'. Their presumption is that starvation results from a shortage of food, which only GM crops can solve through higher yields. This argument has been categorically denounced by social scientists working in the field. Starvation is in most cases caused by lack of access to food, not a food shortage globally. Foodfuture's obvious conclusion is to use GM-technology to grow more food, whilst actually contributing to the problem by making larger areas of the world dependent on low farm-wages, possible unemployment, and subsequent starvation.

The Foodfuture publication goes on to claim that the major criticism of GM technology is that not all the world will have access to it. The challenge becomes one of spreading the technology around the world. We are then assured that 'Some of the large corporations who own the technology have freely donated certain applications to developing countries.' This is in the long term interests of the biotechnology corporations, who are keen to see their practices spread worldwide. Note that they only donate 'certain applications', i.e. the farmer still has to buy the seeds and/or the chemicals and/or the machinery.

====The dangers of cross pollination====
One of the problems of GM-technology is the possible cross-pollination of GM-crops to non-GM crops, and wild relatives of GM crops. This can lead to, for example, herbicide-resistant weeds and volunteers. Rather than refute this widely-accepted possibility, Foodfuture tries to play down the importance of the cross-pollination of GM and non-GM crops:
'In the UK we already fight with Giant Hogweed, Japanese Knotweed and other weeds accidentally introduced from other countries - these may be more of a problem than weeds derived from cross-pollination with GM plants.'

====Risk of intensive agriculture to biodiversity====
The FDF admits that intensive, monocultural agriculture reduces biodiversity levels in rural regions. Therefore they argue that 'the more efficient we make agriculture the less pressure there will be on 'wild habitats', neglecting the possiblity that maintaining biodiversity can be an integral and useful part of farming techniques.

These documents are available on the Foodfuture website or in their free publication (just e-mail and ask). The FDF also takes their views around the country at exhibitions and roadshows.

==Lobbying Government==

Examples of how the FDF has distorted the political process are found in the 'Corporate crimes' section.
Here is just one example of how the FDF have exerted their influence in their own interest rather than in the interest of the long term health of the planet.

===The Climate Change Levy===
The FDF has recently secured an agreement with the government such that its members avoid paying 80% of the climate change levy (CCL). The UK government introduced the CCL in April 2001, aiming it at non-domestic energy-users and encouraging them to be more energy efficient. The FDF 'lobbied hard' to achieve dramatic levy-reductions in exchange for rather more modest energy-reductions over 10 years (11.4% reduction by 2010){{ref|18}}. This skilful piece of lobbying saved the industry approximately �250 million per year.

===Influence through the Industry/Government partnership===

Below is a list of FDF people (past and present) who have represented industry whilst also sitting on government committees. The list is by no means exhaustive. For one, the FDF is not obliged to publish details of all the people it employs; rather, it chooses which names to post on its website, although this selection misses out the most 'interconnected' people. This information was mainly sourced from government websites (Parliament Committee Reports ) and the Regulatory News Service (which provides information on industry job positions).

*[[Iain Ferguson]]
The FDF website does not mention Iain Ferguson, even though he is Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the FDF{{ref|19}}. Further research shows that Iain Ferguson is a key industry pro-GM supporter, responsible for developing companies' future directions, representing those directions to government, and listening to those directions whilst sitting on government committees.

Industry positions
- Senior Vice-President, Corporate Development, of [[Unilever]] plc, where he is responsible for 'corporate strategy and new business development throughout Unilever' {{ref|20}}. This puts him in a key decision-making position for the future direction of Unilever.
- Over the last 15 years with Unilever he has held various senior positions, including Chair of [[Birds Eye Wall]]'s, Chair of [[Unilever Plantations and Plant Science Group]], and Technical Director of [[BOCM Silcock]]. During his time as Chair of the Unilever Plantations Group, 'he was responsible for 90,000 employees living and working in oil palm, tea, coffee, and flower plantations in 12 countries around the world'{{ref|21}}.
- Non-executive director of [[Syngen International plc]], a global company which applies genomics and biotechnology to animal breeding{{ref|22}}. It previously specialised in pigs but is now moving into poultry, beef and fish markets.

Industry-representative positions:
- Honorary Treasurer and Chair of the Finance Committee of the Food and Drink Federation
- Chair of the Food Policy and Resources Committee of the Food and Drink Federation. This is a significant committee, composed of 15 chief executives of the major food companies, which examines food regulations and policies{{ref|23}}.
- Fellow of the Institute of Grocery Distribution (the UK food retailing trade body).
- Vice-President of the Institute of Grocery Distribution (from January 2003 he will be President).
- Non-executive director of the British Nutrition Foundation.
- Non-executive director of Rothamsted Experimental Station Limited. Rothamsted is the main site of the Institute of Arable Crops Research (IACR); it is the largest agricultural research centre in the UK and is possibly the oldest research station in the world. Rothampsted and the IACR have researched and promoted intensive agricultural production from the post-War development of chemical pesticides to the use of biotechnology. Their partners include Aventis, DuPont, Novartis and Syngenta. The IACR promotes biotechnology, arguing that 'New [crop] varieties and products will ultimately benefit consumers and maintain a competitive advantage for UK agriculture and associated industries.'{{ref|24}}

Government-related positions:
- Commissioner on the UK Government's Policy on the Future of Farming and Food, resulting in the Curry Report.
- Member of the UK's DTI Foresight Group This programme is managed by the Office of Science and Technology; it 'brings together key people, knowledge and ideas to look beyond normal commercial time horizons to identify potential opportunities from new science and technologies and actions to help realise those potentials.'{{ref|25}} Although it is meant to be an independent government body, it is infiltrated with industry GM-promoters and has heavily supported biotechnology and other novel food that will provide new avenues for food manufacturers.
- In particular, Iain Ferguson sits on the 'Institute of Physics: Industry and Business Foresight: Food Chain and Crops for Industry' Panel, where he joins Professor Janet Bainbridge, a well-known GM-supporter.{{ref|26}} This panel forms one of the many panels in the Foresight programme which develops 'visions of the future to guide people who make today's decisions in business, academia and government.'

*Dr [[Geraldine Schofield]]
Dr Schofield, a microbiologist, is involved in industry research and industry representation at national and international level, as well as sitting on government committees that are meant to regulate exactly the things that she lobbies for. She is active nationally and internationally, promoting biotechnology to academia, industry, and governing bodies.

A keen GM supporter, her publications include: 'Challenges in Marketing Novel Products' {{ref|27}}; 'Why Biotechnology?'{{ref|28}}; and 'Corporate Perspectives on Uncertainty'{{ref|29}}.

In 2002 she was awarded an MBE for her services to 'biotechnology transfer'{{ref|30}}. She is a key figure in the biotechnology regulatory and lobbying scene.

Industry positions:
- Head of Regulatory Affairs at Unilever Research UK. {{ref|31}}
- Academic and public health positions in microbial ecology and taxonomy, biotechnology, biosafety and risk assessment{{ref|32}}.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Novel Foods and Biotechnology Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation{{ref|33}}.
- Honorary Treasurer and Trustee of the Society for Applied Microbiology (SFAM). This charity works to 'advance the study of microbiology, particularly in its application to the environment, agriculture and industry'{{ref|34}}. It is of little surprise that its research interests include bioengineering; and food safety and technology. In 1999, the SFAM accepted corporate membership.
- Editor of Journal of Commercial Biotechnology{{ref|35}}.
- Member of the steering group on behalf of Unilever for the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Bangkok Meeting on 'New Biotechnology Foods and Crops: Science, Safety and Society' (July 2001).
- Vice-Chair of BIAC (Business and Industry Advisory Committee) expert group on Biotechnology{{ref|36}}. BIAC describes itself as 'The voice of the business community at the OECD'.{{ref|37}}

Government-related positions
- Panel member of the Measurement Advisory Committee Working Group for the DTI's NMS's (National Measurement System) Science and Technology Programme: Biotechnology. This panel was set up to help UK biotechnology industries maintain their lead over European competitors by introducing comparative measurement which 'balances and harmonises' regulation between countries (i.e. ensuring the minimum legislation for the UK such that biotechnology firms located in the UK may benefit from looser GM-laws). Another explicit aim of this panel is to try to 'help improve public confidence, particularly in the agro-food applications of biotechnology.'{{ref|38}}
- Member of the Health & Safety Commission{{ref|39}} (there is no information on her role in this Commission).
- According to one source{{ref|40}}, she is or has been a Member of the UK Government's Advisory Committee on Genetic Modification and a member of the Advisory Committee on Releases to the Environment (ACRE).

*[[Neville Craddock]]
Another key individual involved in GM-regulatory issues. Like Dr Schofield, he easily straddles the industry and government divide. In his own words, he represents 'industry sectors and my company at both national and EU level in discussions with Government, the Commission, Parliaments and other interest parties.' {{ref|41}}
As part of his industry role, he lectures internationally on GM-labelling issues to businesses implementing labelling legislation 'in the most cost-efficient manner'. He has spoken out against EU attempts to enforce stricter labelling laws on GM ingredients (see 'Corporate Crimes' section).

Industry positions:
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK (see Corporate Watch's profile on Nestle) where he is responsible for the legal compliance of Nestle's United Kingdom Business, and for external representation of the company in respect of environmental and regulatory developments (including GM-food issues){{ref|42}}
- Previously, he has held 'a series of increasingly senior, technical and management positions with British Petroleum (agricultural, fermentation and animal feed projects), Dalgety-Spillers (foods, food ingredients and petfoods) and Bowyers/Northern Foods (meat products) before joining Nestle UK Ltd in August 1986'.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee for the Food and Drink Federation. This is the principal technical, scientific and regulatory committee of the FDF made up of the chairs of the FDF's specialist sub-committees (such as the Novel Foods and Biotechnology Sub-Committee){{ref|43}}.
- Gave evidence defending industry representation on government panels to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (see 'Corporate Crimes' section). This amounts to defending the vested interests of certain government committee members.
- Member of the Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST). This is 'the independent incorporated professional qualifying body for food scientists and technologists'; its objectives include 'to serve the public interest by furthering the application of science and technology to all aspects of the supply of safe, wholesome, nutritious and attractive food, nationally and internationally'; and 'to assist members in their career and personal development within the profession'{{ref|44}}.
- Contributor of the UK Royal Society's paper entitled 'Genetically Modified Plants for food use' (September 1998), which is exceedingly supportive of biotechnology{{ref|45}}.
- Author of 'Risk, Precaution and the Food Business', in Governing Food: Science, Safety and Trade (2002; Phillips and Wolfe Eds.)
- FDF-representative to the American National Food Processors Association{{ref|46}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the Food Advisory Committee (FAC), November 1995 (when it was with MAFF{{ref|47}}) to December 2001 (when it was abolished).
- Member of the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP). This committee forms part of the Food Standards Agency (FSA), a government agency which claims to work at 'arm's length' from government so as to be an independent food safety watchdog which can publish any advice it issues. However, it is widely suspected of being over-involvd with industry. Craddock was one of six new members to be appointed to ACNFP in February 2002 (the new contracts last until December 2004), accompanied by loud FSA claims to be increasing 'lay representation on this advisory committee', 'putting the consumer first', and being 'independent'{{ref|48}}. Craddock was publicised as 'an expert in food technology and quality assurance'; his industry positions were mot mentioned.
- Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager of the Agricultural and Countermeasures Working Group. This is one stakeholder group of five national stakeholder groups that form part of the European Atomic Energy Community Programme called 'FARMING'. This stands for 'Food and Agriculture Restoration Management Involving Networked Groups'. Its main objective is to 'create a European network of stakeholder groups....to assist in the development of robust and practicable strategies for restoring and managing rural areas contaminated by radioactivity'{{ref|49}}.
- Participator in the EU Commission Working Groups on Food Additives and in the EU Advisory Veterinary Committee examining Food Hygiene legislation {{ref|50}}.

*[[Valerie Saint]]

Industry positions:
- Legal Adviser to Unilever UK.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Labelling Sub-Committee of the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Legislation and Technical Committee of the Ice Cream Federation{{ref|51}}.

Government-related positions:
- Member of the Enforcement Liaison Group (ELG). The ELG works with local authority food law enforcement on issues such as: food hygiene; food standards; feeding stuffs enforcement officials{{ref|52}}.
- Member of the 'ad hoc' Clear Labelling Taskforce created in January 2001 to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|53}} Surprisingly (!), the taskforce, made up of people with a 'wide range of expertise, experience and interests', decided that being informed of any GM-ingredients in food was not one of the pieces of information that 'consumers need to make informed purchase decisions'.

*Professor [[Peter John Aggett]] MSc, MB,ChB, FRCP(L)(E)(G), DCH
Professor Aggett, head of Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health, has accumulated an enormous list of work he has done for companies with an interest in biotechnology. He is a member of the FDF, and also sits on the government panels where he lobbies from his industry position.
The commercial interests listed below are by no means complete - they just give a glimpse of the industry-paid work that he and his department have carried out over the last few years.
Professor Aggett's research interests include 'human nutrition and metabolism and food-related activities'{{ref|54}}.

Industry related Positions
N.B. The sources of information for each of his commercial interests have been listed for accuracy's sake, although they may not be of relevance to many readers. Listed are the years that the commercial interest were recorded (usually in the annual report), then the committee with which the interest was recorded, and finally the type of interest. A 'Personal Company Interest' is one which involves payment to the member personally. A 'Non-Personal Company Interest' involves payment which benefits a department for which a member is responsible (such as Aggett's Lancashire Postgraduate School of Medicine and Health).
N.B. From the 2000 'COT' register of Commercial Interests, no differentiation was made between Personal and Non-Personal Interests.
For an explanation of the acronyms ('COT' etc), see under Professor Aggett's Government-related positions.

- SMA Nutrition (1996/Select Committee on Agriculture/ Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|55}})
- Nestec (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|56}} and 2000/ACNFP/Personal Company Interest{{ref|57}} and 2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest{{ref|58}})
- Wyeth (1997/COMA/Personal Company Interest and 2000/ ACNFP/Personal Company Interest). Wyeth is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the largest biotechnology companies in the world{{ref|59}}.
- Kelloggs (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Milupa (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Nutricia (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Ajinomoto (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 2000/ACNFP/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Unilever (1997/COMA/Non-Personal Company Interest and 1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest{{ref|60}})
- Nestle (1999/COMA/Personal Company Interest)
- Borax (2000/COT/Personal Company Interest){{ref|61}}. Borax, a member of the Rio Tinto group, is the 'acknowledged world leader in borate technology, research and development'. Borax mines boron for use in polymer additives, agriculture, and timber preservation. According to Borax, 'boron is an essential micronutrient for plants, vital to their growth and development. Without sufficient boron, plant fertilization, seeding and fruiting are not possible In areas of acute deficiency, borates can increase crop yields by 30 to 40 percent.'{{ref|62}}
- Unilever (2000/COT) {{ref|63}}
- Abbott (2000/COT). Abbott is a health care company, employing more than 5,000 scientists around the world and investing $1bn each year into R&D to develop 'new, innovative health care technologies' in their key therapeutic areas (diabetes, pain management, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS, men's and women's health, paediatrics and animal health). Abbott is involved in biotechnological research{{ref|64}}.
- Abbott EU (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Astra-Zeneca (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Smith Nephew (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- ILSI (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Welcome (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- Yakult (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)
- 'Many other food, pharmaceutical and chemical companies' (2002/COT/Non-Personal Company Interest)

Industry-representative positions
- Member of the FDF (2000/COT), although his position and job description is unknown.
- Member of Institute of Food Research (IFR). The IFR ('Science you can trust') is a company with charitable status, sponsored by the Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council, that carries out research into food safety, diet and health, and food materials and ingredients, as well as GMOs. They are focused towards the application of their work in industry: 'to exploit and/or apply the output of our research for the benefit of our stakeholders.'{{ref|65}} as their mision statement says. To emphasise the IFR's interest in biotechnology, the Director of the John Innes Centre (the UK's leading plant biotech institute) said that the IFR would suffer badly from a moratorium on GM{{ref|66}}.
- Member of the Meat and Livestock Commission.

Government-related positions
- Deputy-Chair (2002) of Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT){{ref|67}}
- Member of Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA) from 1997{{ref|68}}.
- Member of Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) from August 1998.

*[[John (Graham) Wood]] OBE
Wood seems to have no direct industry connections. However, this does not stop him actively promoting biotechnology. He believes that 'modern biotechnology offers many potential benefits and will be a key factor in improving the quality and quantity of the food supply. It has the capacity to make a positive impact on many aspects of life - on food, health and the environment.' {{ref|69}} For views such as these, in 2002 he received an OBE for services to the FDF and to food safety.

Industry-representative position:
- Employed by FDF since 1985 (when it was founded), where he has been involved in a wide range of scientific and technical issues, particularly relating to UK and European Union (EU) food law. He may also have worked for other food trade associations ({{ref|70}}).
- He is presently Head of Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Division for the Food and Drink Federation, where his responsibilities embrace technical food legislation, research and development, environmental issues and consumer issues with a technical or scientific content.
- Member of Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST).
- Represented the FDF to the Food Standards Select Committee, which created the Food Standards Agency (1998-1999). The minutes show that the FDF lobbied hard for an FSA that focused on dealing with consumer concern over contentious issues: 'listeria, salmonella, e.coli, BSE, and perhaps the introduction of novel foods We do feel that this is the area, rather than nutritional adequacy of the diet or the nutrient value of individual food products, that is the issue.'{{ref|71}} Once the FSA was stuffed full of industry-representatives (as it is), the FSA could become a powerful corporate-controlled government organisation which gave advice to the public and regulated biotechnology.

*[[Bobby Lawes]]{{ref|72}}

Industry positions
- Deputy Chair of Pritchett Foods.

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Milk Working Party for the Food and Drink Federation.

Government-related positions:
- Member of UK Government Milk Task Force (December 2000)

*[[David Lattimore]]{{ref|73}}

Industry positions:
- Director of Milk and Trade Relations at Unigate European Foods Limited.

Industry-representative positions:
- Member of CAP Working Group for the Food and Drink Federation.
- Chair of the Liquid Milk Committee of the European Dairy Association

Government-related position:
- Member of Milk Development Council of Great Britain (as of February 2001).
- Member of the DIF Council

*[[Guy Walker]] CBE MA {{ref|74}}
(These positions are probably all past positions)

Industry positions:
- Chair of Van den Bergh Foods Ltd

Industry-representaive positions:
- President of the Food and Drink Federation
- Member of Advisory Board of the Institute of Food Research.

Government-related positions:
- Member of DTI's (Department of Trade and Industry) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), 1 April 1997 to 31 March 2000.

*[[Helen Messenger]] {{ref|75}}

Industry positions:
- Head of Corporate Affairs for Milupa, one of the two top companies in the baby food market (2000 - ?). She was employed to help counter public concerns about dried milk and processed baby foods and to fight demands for tighter controls on the marketing and contents of baby foods. Milupa is also one of the four leading suppliers of powdered baby milk in the UK, a market worth around �170 million a year with over a third of UK mothers using baby milk formulas from birth

Industry-representative positions:
- Chair of the Infant and Dietetic Foods Association, a unit of the Food and Drink Federation, funded by major baby milk and food manufacturers (1997 - 2000). While there, she played a leading role in defending baby food and drinks manufacturers from claims that some products contain excessive sugar and starches, offer poor nutritional value and carry inadequate label information.

*[[Mike Warrander]] {{ref|76}}
(Probably all previous positions).

Industry positions
- Retired Utilities Co-ordination Executive, Allied Domecq plc

Industry-representastive positions
- Member of Food and Drink Federation and Energy and Water Panel
- Acting Chair for Water Forum of Utilities Buyers' Forum
- Member CBI Energy Policy Committee

Government-related positions
- Member of OFWAT local water watchdog committee (1998 - ?)
- Member of OFGAS Metering Steering Group

Other:
- Chair, Four Oaks Branch Sutton Coldfield Conservative Association; (West Midlands) (first appointed 8/8/96).

==Summary==

This section has brought to light many 'behind-the-scene' players who do not appear on the FDF or other industry websites, but who have to be listed when sitting on government committees. These people play an important role in bring corporate interests and control into the heart of the political process. A position in the FDF provides easy entry into government, both at the lobbying level and for direct representation.

What is also amply clear from this list is the linkages between industry and the scientific research, thus ensuring the research agenda closely matches the needs of industry.

==Notes==
*{{note|13}} Sylvia Jay speaking, reported in 'New identity-preserved standard aims to make sourcing, supplying non-GM simpler and cheaper.' Author: just-food.com editorial team, 11 Sep 2001 ( http://just-food.com/features_detail.asp?art=512&c=1)
*{{note|14}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/11we19.htm
*{{note|15}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|16}} See for example 'Seeds of Doubt' report for the Soil Association compiled by Hugh Warwick. Sept 2002.
*{{note|17}} Professor Burke, writing for Foodfuture quarterly magazine and at http://www.foodfuture.org.uk/newindex.html
*{{note|18}} Peter Blackburn, FDF President, in http://www.fdf.org.uk/speeches/speech010308a.pdf
*{{note|19}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|20}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|21}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|22}} The Regulatory News Service; June 18, 2002
*{{note|23}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|24}} http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/corporate/manstructure/tstructure.html
*{{note|25}} www.foresight.gov.uk
*{{note|26}} http://194.200.94.127/IOP/Foresight/foodchain.html
*{{note|27}} http://www.biology4all.com/SummerSchoolupdatedforweb.doc
*{{note|28}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/1998/paper_417.htm
*{{note|29}} http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/STPP.nsf/web/biotech-conf
*{{note|30}} http://society.guardian.co.uk/societyguardian/story/0,7843,629397,00.html
*{{note|31}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|32}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm
*{{note|33}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|34}} http://www.sfam.org.uk/society/corpmem.htm
*{{note|35}} http://www.henrystewart.com/journals/cb/edboard.html
*{{note|36}} http://www.biac.org/biacdir/commbiotech.htm (July 2001)
*{{note|37}} http://www.biac.org/Framepos.htm
*{{note|38}} http://www.dti.gov.uk/nms/prog/new/biotech.pdf
*{{note|39}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199394/cmhansrd/1994-03-15/Writtens-10.html
*{{note|40}} http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/conferences/biotech/BiosFINAL.htm (April 2001)
*{{note|41}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|42}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|43}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8101402.htm
*{{note|44}} http://www.ifst.org/whatsnew.htm
*{{note|45}} http://www.royalsoc.ac.uk/files/statfiles/document-56.pdf
*{{note|46}} http://www.nfpa-food.org/News_Release/042601FoodPolicyConfnewsrelease.htm
*{{note|47}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|48}} http://www.food.gov.uk/news/newsarchive/48007
*{{note|49}} http://www.ec-farming.net/
*{{note|50}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
*{{note|51}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/inf/newsrel/1998/980423a.htm
*{{note|52}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/enforcement/role/laelg/laelgmemberstor
*{{note|53}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|54}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmpubadm/209/9061503.htm
#{{note|55}} www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199798/cmselect/cmagric/753/80519p05.htm
#{{note|56}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma97.pdf
*{{note|57}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/maff/archive/food/novel/interest.htm
*{{note|58}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/science/ouradvisors/toxicity/moreinfo/43531
*{{note|59}} http://www.wyeth.com/about/index.asp
*{{note|60}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/pub/docs/doh/coma99.pdf
*{{note|61}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coc/2000ar.pdf
*{{note|62}} http://www.borax.com
*{{note|63}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|64}} http://abbott.com/corporate/corporate_overview.html
*{{note|65}} http://www.ifr.bbsrc.ac.uk
*{{note|66}} www.members.tripod.com/~ngin/scigag.htm
*{{note|67}} http://archive.food.gov.uk/dept_health/archive/cot/cot_intere2000.pdf
*{{note|68}} http://www.doh.gov.uk/coma/about.htm#tor
*{{note|69}}www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm"> www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm (1998)
*{{note|70}} http://www.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/exhibitions/bio-future/wood.htm
*{{note|71}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmfoods/276/9031006.htmv
*{{note|72}} M2 PressWIRE December 15, 2000
*{{note|73}} M2 PressWIRE March 6, 2001
*{{note|74}} M2 PRESSWIRE April 30, 1997
*{{note|75}} Haymarket Publishing Services Ltd PR Week August 4, 1995
*{{note|76}} M2 PRESSWIRE May 6, 1998

Food and Drink Federation: Corporate Crimes

2007-07-10T15:08:50Z

Will:

[[Food and Drink Federation]]

==Perverting the foot and mouth vaccination plan==
{{ref|77}}

During the height of the foot and mouth crisis, in mid-April 2001, the government had seemingly decided on a limited vaccination policy for Cumbria and possibly Devon. The vaccination option could have saved tens of thousands of animals from being needlessly slaughtered, often under inhumane conditions. It could also have saved the taxpayer hundreds of thousands of pounds in compensation, culling, and burial costs.

The major supermarkets and consumer associations had given support to the vaccination programme. However, fierce lobbying from the food industry forced a U-turn: both [[Peter Blackburn]], the then chief executive of [[Nestle UK]] as well as president of the [[FDF]], and Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], a former civil servant at the Department for International Development and director general of the FDF, stubbornly resisted the government's vaccination programme.

In a letter written to [[Tony Blair]], Blackburn explained that the industry opposed vaccination because 'we were very afraid of the consequences on all meat and dairy exports'; he later added that vaccination could have could have risked its exports of powdered milk to developing countries. Yet the use of vaccinated milk in food production was not at threat, since 'the retailers and food manufacturers had already said they would cope' ([[Lord Haskins]]).

One might expect the FDF to be retrospectively ashamed that their president, Peter Blackburn, ferociously lobbied against vaccination when he was only protecting the interests of his own company, Nestle UK, who were concerned for the exports from just one milk-producing factory. The FDF made a major contribution (along with the National Farmer's Union) in turning about the government's vaccination policy which could have saved Cumbrian farmers from the nightmare of the culling policy.

Yet rather than be ashamed of this action, Sylvia Jay of the FDF uses their involvement over the foot and mouth crisis as an example of their power within government, boasting that 'FDF's senior officers have frequent discussions with Ministers on a range of issues and were consulted by the Prime Minister during the height of the FMD crisis.'{{ref|78}}

==Lobbying against the labelling of GM-ingredients in food==

The FDF opposes the labelling of GM-foods. In a 1998/1999 memorandum to a government Select Committee, the FDF said that 'we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods, and we believe they should be subject to the same type of risk assessment as any other new food product and its intended use, rather than its method of development.'{{ref|79}}

Although the FDF claims that it is keen to support the consumer's wishes of having GM-free food, it is simultaneously campaigning heavily against any further 'tightening up' of the labelling laws. As recently as September 2001, Sylvia Jay of the FDF said:

'As soon as it became clear that most consumers did not want to eat food containing genetically modified ingredients,
UK food and drink manufacturers started to seek supplies of conventional crops.'{{ref|80}}

However, the more recent proposals by the European Commission seem too much for the FDF to bear. At present, food sold in the EU must be labelled as 'GM' if more than 1% of its ingredients are genetically modified. The European Commission has now proposed lowering this cut-off figure to 0.5%, including in the calculation ingredients that are derived from GM sources, regardless of whether they contain GM DNA or protein. For example, oil derived from GM-soya or maize (which contains no DNA at all) would now be defined and labelled as GM-oil. This move has been welcomed by those who oppose GM-food production. [[Peter Riley]] of [[Friends of the Earth]] explains that the current labelling laws are 'far too weak and allow the biotech industry to introduce GMOs into our food by stealth.'{{ref|81}}

However, the FDF and FSA both slammed the recent proposal, declaring it to be 'ridiculous', 'open to fraud', and having 'no bearing to reality'{{ref|82}}. An FDF spokesperson has spoken of their intention to lobby the Council of Ministers to oppose the Commission's proposal. Neville Craddock of the FDF called it 'unworkable', even though the European Commission responded by saying that the proposal was 'far less complex than you're suggesting'{{ref|83}}.

[[Neville Craddock]] has been an industry employee most of his working life; he is presently Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK, as well as Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee of the FDF. Most interesting are his links to the [[Food Standards Agency]] where he sits on the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP).

[[Valerie Saint]] (of the FDF and of [[Unilever)]] recently sat on the government's Clear Labelling Taskforce whose remit is to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|84}} The taskforce concluded that consumers would not need to know the GM-content of their food in order to make 'informed purchase decisions', although it also warned food manufacturers of 'other statutory information' which would have to be given by law, which may include GM-content.

==Protecting processed and unhealthy food==

On numerous occasions the FDF has defended companies who produce food that is high in salts, fats, sugars, additives and preservatives.

===Unhealthy food===
When a survey of 800 parents labelled foods such as Sunny Delight as 'vile', 'sugary' and 'over-processed', [[Martin Paterson]] (Deputy Director General and Director of Communications for the FDF) retaliated by saying that 'No one food is bad. Balance is the key and demonising individual products which are marketed as snacks or treats may be unhelpful to both parents and children.'

==='Fat-tax'===
{{ref|85}}
When [[Demos]], a UK think-tank, proposed that foods with a high fat and sugar content, and in particular processed and fast-foods, should be taxed to subsidise healthier foods (such as fruit and vegetables), [[Martin Paterson]] of the FDF again retaliated in defence of the food processing industry, arguing that:
'A so-called 'fat tax' would hit lower income families, be patronising to consumers, and be a tax on choice.'
A tax on unhealthy food has been likened to the tax used to discourage smoking and drinking. Demos also argues that the tax would encourage low-income families to choose healthier options.

===Premium labels ===
{{ref|86}}
When a Which? Report criticised the quality of supermarkets' premium own label ranges, saying that the extra price paid for these ranges does not guarantee better tasting food, the FDF again stepped in, arguing that:
'Consumers aren't fools. They are very savvy and if a shopper feels they are being had, they won't buy that product again.'

===Salt in food===
{{ref|87}}
The daily requirement for salt is only about 5g a day, yet the majority of people in the UK eat twice as much. Too much salt is bad for the body and the sodium in salt has been implicated in causing high blood pressure, which is linked to coronary heart disease and strokes. Excessive salt intake is also linked to osteoporosis and stomach cancer. Recently, the pressure group [[Consensus Action on Salt and Health]], a group of doctors and chefs, called for food manufacturers to reduce drastically the amount of 'hidden' salt in our foods.

Salt is used as a preservative and flavour-enhancer in adult and children's food alike. One pack of Dairylea Lunchables contains 3g salt. A 205g tin of Tesco Spaghetti letters contains 2.5g salt. A chicken and mushroom Pot Noodle contains 4g salt. Ready-meals can contain up to 7g of salt.

Once again, the FDF stepped in (this time [[Jackie Dowthwaite]]), defending the industry's decision to use high amounts of salt in their food:
'Do you think consumers would be fooled into thinking cheap meat was a prime cut just by adding a bit of salt?'

===Children's foods ===
{{ref|88}}
A report carried out by [[Organix]], a baby food company, found that 3-4 of children's foods surveyed contained artificial flavourings or flavour enhancers, such as monosodium glutamate, which are banned for use in baby food. 1/3 of foods contained colourings, including dyes banned in Scandinavia and America. Despite this startling revelation, the FDF characteristically replied that:

'It is scaremongering nonsense to suggest that children's food is not subject to strict regulation. All food in the UK has to be safe. That's the law'.
[[Professor Aggett]] of the FDF, who has had personal interests with [[SMA Nutrition]], [[Kelloggs]], [[Nestle]], [[Unilever]] and many other food companies, is also Deputy-Chair of the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, [[Consumer Products and the Environment]] (COT). He has been a member of the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA).

===Breakfast bars ===
{{ref|89}}
Breakfast cereal bars, the fastest growing category of breakfast products, are designed for people who do not have time for breakfast and are marketed as lunch-box fillers for children. Many of these products are loaded with fat, contain more sugar than chocolate and could not be approved for healthy eating. The report by the Food Commission, which tested 18 of the breakfast bars including Frosties, Coco Pops and Trackers, says it would never recommend them due to their poor nutritional content. They added, 'Breakfast substitutes should offer the healthiest alternative not a worse option.' The Commission are concerned that the bars are a particular danger to teeth, encouraging maximum damage.

Amazingly, the Food and Drink Federation disputed the suggestion that cereal bars were not nutritious. On their 'Foodfitness' website, the FDF tells people interested in a healthy lifestyle that:
'Snacks are also a useful source of carbohydrates and other nutrients ...But remember to check out food labels to keep track of the fat content.'{{ref|90}}
The 'Foodfitness' website offers no actual guidelines on 'fat content', making the above advice almost useless.

==Greenwashing the 'food miles' argument.==

One of many concerns raised by the current system of 'free trade' in agriculture is the unnecessary amount of miles that food travels. See for example, the Green Party publication 'The Great Food Swap' and the SUSTAIN publication ' Eating Oil' Besides the general argument that transport increases energy consumption, there is a serious concern that trade related air freight is the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions, which cause climate change. There are also serious concerns about the social impact of farmers from around the world being played off against each other for the lowest price and the effects this has on labour rights and wages, let alone the environmental damage of growing monocultures of crops for export.

In a recent press release,{{ref|91}} the FDF claimed that concern about 'food miles' is a red herring, and that in terms of energy consumption, domestic refrigeration and cooking is far more energy intensive. The FDF also said that consumers would not support any moves to restrict the year-round availability of seasonal fruit and vegetables, even though imports must travel thousands of miles.

The FDF published this claim in their 'blueprint for sustainability', prepared for the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. They claim that the amount of energy used in transporting food and drink to shops from farms and factories was relatively small, and that the manufacture of food and drink accounted for more than 13 times as much energy. And domestic refrigeration and cooking used more than eight times as much. This of course entirely misses the point.

In what could be seen as a retort to food purists who criticise 'ready meals', the FDF also said it made environmental sense to do as much food preparation as possible in factories since industrial-scale cooking equipment was more energy efficient than the domestic equivalent. As the FDF is a trade association representing food processor's interests, it was very likely to come up with this argument.

==Corrupting Organic standards==

The [[Organic Food Manufacturers Liaison Group]] represents over 50 food manufacturers. It was set up in 2001 to 'ensure high quality standards' as well as support the future development of new certification standards, based on consumer needs. One assumes this means the additives, preservatives and colourings that are so much a part of processed food manufacturing, though not part of most people's vision of organic foods as healthy and chemical-free.

In a press statement, Sylvia Jay re-affirmed this differing vision for organic food between many small producers and the industry, who have spotted an emerging and fast growing market. 'Organic food is no longer just box schemes and health food shops. It is now a mainstream, global market'. In the UK, the total organic food market is now estimated to be worth in excess of �800 million an increase of 278% since 1996. If current growth rates are maintained the market will reach �1billon by 2002 and more than 5% of the grocery market by 2005-6. [[Tesco]] and [[Sainsbury]]'s have over 600 lines of organic produce in major stores.{{ref|92}} Its not surprising that the food manufacturing industry see the co-option of the organic market as a key market.

==Dictating the research agenda==

The food processing and manufacturing sector developed out of a recognition that the demand for food is fairly inelastic i.e. there is only so much food we can eat, however cheap it is. However, through innovation and technological 'advances' we can add value to food, thus always ensuring there are new products and new demand. Over the years, such innovation has taken the form of preservatives, enzymes, additives, flavourings, colourings, new processing techniques and ready meals. There have also been staggering advances in the processing of food, ensuring that it is ever more efficient, that the supply of raw materials is constant and the price of raw materials is lower - to this end GM technology appeals to the food processors as it creates oversupply. Furthermore, the promise of GM technology with processing traits, such as bread wheat with higher gluten levels so that gluten does not need to be added in the baking stage, seems very appealing to the industry.

Evidently, the industry invests heavily in research and development, however, it makes more financial sense to get the government to fund research. Representatives of the FDF sit, and have sat on the board of the [[Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council]], as well as the government Foresight committees, that are developing new visions for food technology on behalf of the government and at the Rothampsted research institute, that focuses on agronomic research, including biotechnology. Other associates of the FDF work with independent research institutes, such as the [[Institute of Food Research]] and the [[Institute of Food Science and Technology]] that are beneficiaries of government funding (See section on 'Influence and Lobbying').

With government funding so focused on research useful for industry, this narrows the amount available for independent research, for exampleon the health risks of new food technologies. This, of course, can only be viewed as a good thing by the industry.

==Shamelessly defending industry representation on government committees==

In April 1998, [[Neville Craddock]] of the FDF (see above) gave evidence to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (HSE). The HSE's overall purpose is to 'to ensure that risks to people's health and safety from work activities are properly controlled'. This particular select committee also examined the process by which government committees, such as the [[Food Advisory Committee]] (FAC), takes advice from industry sources. Craddock felt that he, being someone who represented industry whilst sitting on government committees, was in a 'strong and relevant position to offer comments to the Committee's Inquiry, with particular reference to the role and position of so-called 'Industry Representatives' on Advisory Committees.'{{ref|93}}

The text of his memorandum contains the following quotes{{ref|94}}:

* 'Advice to Ministers must continue to be of the highest possible calibre, beyond question and be seen to be independent of any vested interests.
*The balance and source of Committee membership must be objectively addressed. Industry employees may not be unique in having direct or indirect financial interests in matters under discussion. [I.e. it's OK for committee members to be industry-employees, since other committee members, although not industry employees, may still have financial interests such as shares in relevant industries. This is not comforting.]

*The Terms of Reference of the FAC [Food Advisory Committee], in particular, can best and, perhaps, only be met by having amongst its membership, individuals with relevant, practical, first-hand experience [i.e. industry-employees] in appropriate areas, in order to ensure the widest possible basis for advice to Ministers.

For corporate lobby groups, having a representative on a government advisory committee, is exactly where they can wield their power best. Advisory committees are where legislation and regulation is debated and proposed. This is where their behaviour could be restricted and potentially, their profits curtailed.

For all the claims of 'independence from any vested interests', lobbyists can't help but work in the interests of their corporate members, since they are paid to represent them. They are hardly likely to call for tough when this is going to penalise their members, with the exception, of course, of cases in which regulation can be made to work for their interests, for example by forcing smaller producers out of the market.

==Notes==

#{{note|77}} Information from the Guardian, p7., September 8, 2001
#{{note|78}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/2001autumn/paper_460.htm
#{{note|79}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8121501.htm
#{{note|80}} Sylvia Jay quoted in Belfast News Letter September 8, 2001
#{{note|81}} M2 PRESSWIRE September 7, 2001
#{{note|82}} The Grocer July 06, 2002
#{{note|83}} http://www.foodfen.org.uk/news12.asp
#{{note|84}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|85}} The Independent, July 16, 2002
#{{note|86}} The Grocer, March 09, 2002
#{{note|87}} Daily Mail, February 5, 2002
#{{note|88}} The Daily Telegraph, January 24, 2002
#{{note|89}} The Express, October 23, 2001
#{{note|90}} http://www.foodfitness.org.uk/tips4assess.htm
#{{note|91}} Food transport 'not the worst' energy culprit' by Fiona Harvey and Adam Jones, Financial Times 19/8/02
#{{note|92}} www.epolitix.com/data/companies/images/companies/Food-and-Drink-Federation/040501.htm
#{{note|93}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
#{{note|94}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm

Food and Drink Federation: Corporate Crimes

2007-07-10T15:02:50Z

Will:

[[Food and Drink Federation]]

==Perverting the foot and mouth vaccination plan==
{{ref|77}}

During the height of the foot and mouth crisis, in mid-April 2001, the government had seemingly decided on a limited vaccination policy for Cumbria and possibly Devon. The vaccination option could have saved tens of thousands of animals from being needlessly slaughtered, often under inhumane conditions. It could also have saved the taxpayer hundreds of thousands of pounds in compensation, culling, and burial costs.

The major supermarkets and consumer associations had given support to the vaccination programme. However, fierce lobbying from the food industry forced a U-turn: both [[Peter Blackburn]], the then chief executive of [[Nestle UK]] as well as president of the [[FDF]], and Lady [[Sylvia Jay]], a former civil servant at the Department for International Development and director general of the FDF, stubbornly resisted the government's vaccination programme.

In a letter written to [[Tony Blair]], Blackburn explained that the industry opposed vaccination because 'we were very afraid of the consequences on all meat and dairy exports'; he later added that vaccination could have could have risked its exports of powdered milk to developing countries. Yet the use of vaccinated milk in food production was not at threat, since 'the retailers and food manufacturers had already said they would cope' ([[Lord Haskins]]).

One might expect the FDF to be retrospectively ashamed that their president, Peter Blackburn, ferociously lobbied against vaccination when he was only protecting the interests of his own company, Nestle UK, who were concerned for the exports from just one milk-producing factory. The FDF made a major contribution (along with the National Farmer's Union) in turning about the government's vaccination policy which could have saved Cumbrian farmers from the nightmare of the culling policy.

Yet rather than be ashamed of this action, Sylvia Jay of the FDF uses their involvement over the foot and mouth crisis as an example of their power within government, boasting that 'FDF's senior officers have frequent discussions with Ministers on a range of issues and were consulted by the Prime Minister during the height of the FMD crisis.'{{ref|78}}

==Lobbying against the labelling of GM-ingredients in food==

The FDF opposes the labelling of GM-foods. In a 1998/1999 memorandum to a government Select Committee, the FDF said that 'we do not believe that genetic modification per se presents any food safety risk or that foods produced using GMOs represent a special class of new foods, and we believe they should be subject to the same type of risk assessment as any other new food product and its intended use, rather than its method of development.'{{ref|79}}

Although the FDF claims that it is keen to support the consumer's wishes of having GM-free food, it is simultaneously campaigning heavily against any further 'tightening up' of the labelling laws. As recently as September 2001, Sylvia Jay of the FDF said:

'As soon as it became clear that most consumers did not want to eat food containing genetically modified ingredients,
UK food and drink manufacturers started to seek supplies of conventional crops.'{{ref|80}}

However, the more recent proposals by the European Commission seem too much for the FDF to bear. At present, food sold in the EU must be labelled as 'GM' if more than 1% of its ingredients are genetically modified. The European Commission has now proposed lowering this cut-off figure to 0.5%, including in the calculation ingredients that are derived from GM sources, regardless of whether they contain GM DNA or protein. For example, oil derived from GM-soya or maize (which contains no DNA at all) would now be defined and labelled as GM-oil. This move has been welcomed by those who oppose GM-food production. [[Peter Riley]] of [[Friends of the Earth]] explains that the current labelling laws are 'far too weak and allow the biotech industry to introduce GMOs into our food by stealth.'{{ref|81}}

However, the FDF and FSA both slammed the recent proposal, declaring it to be 'ridiculous', 'open to fraud', and having 'no bearing to reality'{{ref|82}}. An FDF spokesperson has spoken of their intention to lobby the Council of Ministers to oppose the Commission's proposal. Neville Craddock of the FDF called it 'unworkable', even though the European Commission responded by saying that the proposal was 'far less complex than you're suggesting'{{ref|83}}.

[[Neville Craddock]] has been an industry employee most of his working life; he is presently Group Regulatory and Environmental Affairs Manager for Nestle UK, as well as Chair of the Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Committee of the FDF. Most interesting are his links to the [[Food Standards Agency]] where he sits on the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP).

[[Valerie Saint]] (of the FDF and of [[Unilever)]] recently sat on the government's Clear Labelling Taskforce whose remit is to 'review the ease with which consumers are currently able to obtain information of concern to them from food labels.'{{ref|84}} The taskforce concluded that consumers would not need to know the GM-content of their food in order to make 'informed purchase decisions', although it also warned food manufacturers of 'other statutory information' which would have to be given by law, which may include GM-content.

==Protecting processed and unhealthy food==

On numerous occasions the FDF has defended companies who produce food that is high in salts, fats, sugars, additives and preservatives.

===Unhealthy food===
When a survey of 800 parents labelled foods such as Sunny Delight as 'vile', 'sugary' and 'over-processed', [[Martin Paterson]] (Deputy Director General and Director of Communications for the FDF) retaliated by saying that 'No one food is bad. Balance is the key and demonising individual products which are marketed as snacks or treats may be unhelpful to both parents and children.'

==='Fat-tax'===
{{ref|85}}
When [[Demos]], a UK think-tank, proposed that foods with a high fat and sugar content, and in particular processed and fast-foods, should be taxed to subsidise healthier foods (such as fruit and vegetables), [[Martin Paterson]] of the FDF again retaliated in defence of the food processing industry, arguing that:
'A so-called 'fat tax' would hit lower income families, be patronising to consumers, and be a tax on choice.'
A tax on unhealthy food has been likened to the tax used to discourage smoking and drinking. Demos also argues that the tax would encourage low-income families to choose healthier options.

===Premium labels ===
{{ref|86}}
When a Which? Report criticised the quality of supermarkets' premium own label ranges, saying that the extra price paid for these ranges does not guarantee better tasting food, the FDF again stepped in, arguing that:
'Consumers aren't fools. They are very savvy and if a shopper feels they are being had, they won't buy that product again.'

===Salt in food===
{{ref|87}}
The daily requirement for salt is only about 5g a day, yet the majority of people in the UK eat twice as much. Too much salt is bad for the body and the sodium in salt has been implicated in causing high blood pressure, which is linked to coronary heart disease and strokes. Excessive salt intake is also linked to osteoporosis and stomach cancer. Recently, the pressure group [[Consensus Action on Salt and Health]], a group of doctors and chefs, called for food manufacturers to reduce drastically the amount of 'hidden' salt in our foods.

Salt is used as a preservative and flavour-enhancer in adult and children's food alike. One pack of Dairylea Lunchables contains 3g salt. A 205g tin of Tesco Spaghetti letters contains 2.5g salt. A chicken and mushroom Pot Noodle contains 4g salt. Ready-meals can contain up to 7g of salt.

Once again, the FDF stepped in (this time [[Jackie Dowthwaite]]), defending the industry's decision to use high amounts of salt in their food:
'Do you think consumers would be fooled into thinking cheap meat was a prime cut just by adding a bit of salt?'

===Children's foods ===
{{ref|88}}
A report carried out by [[Organix]], a baby food company, found that 3-4 of children's foods surveyed contained artificial flavourings or flavour enhancers, such as monosodium glutamate, which are banned for use in baby food. 1/3 of foods contained colourings, including dyes banned in Scandinavia and America. Despite this startling revelation, the FDF characteristically replied that:

'It is scaremongering nonsense to suggest that children's food is not subject to strict regulation. All food in the UK has to be safe. That's the law'.
[[Professor Aggett]] of the FDF, who has had personal interests with [[SMA Nutrition]], [[Kelloggs]], [[Nestle]], [[Unilever]] and many other food companies, is also Deputy-Chair of the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, [[Consumer Products and the Environment]] (COT). He has been a member of the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy (COMA).

===Breakfast bars ===
{{ref|89}}
Breakfast cereal bars, the fastest growing category of breakfast products, are designed for people who do not have time for breakfast and are marketed as lunch-box fillers for children. Many of these products are loaded with fat, contain more sugar than chocolate and could not be approved for healthy eating. The report by the Food Commission, which tested 18 of the breakfast bars including Frosties, Coco Pops and Trackers, says it would never recommend them due to their poor nutritional content. They added, 'Breakfast substitutes should offer the healthiest alternative not a worse option.' The Commission are concerned that the bars are a particular danger to teeth, encouraging maximum damage.

Amazingly, the Food and Drink Federation disputed the suggestion that cereal bars were not nutritious. On their 'Foodfitness' website, the FDF tells people interested in a healthy lifestyle that:
'Snacks are also a useful source of carbohydrates and other nutrients ...But remember to check out food labels to keep track of the fat content.'{{ref|90}}
The 'Foodfitness' website offers no actual guidelines on 'fat content', making the above advice almost useless.

==Greenwashing the 'food miles' argument.==

One of many concerns raised by the current system of 'free trade' in agriculture is the unnecessary amount of miles that food travels. See for example, the Green Party publication 'The Great Food Swap' and the SUSTAIN publication ' Eating Oil' Besides the general argument that transport increases energy consumption, there is a serious concern that trade related air freight is the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions, which cause climate change. There are also serious concerns about the social impact of farmers from around the world being played off against each other for the lowest price and the effects this has on labour rights and wages, let alone the environmental damage of growing monocultures of crops for export.

In a recent press release,{{ref|91}} the FDF claimed that concern about 'food miles' is a red herring, and that in terms of energy consumption, domestic refrigeration and cooking is far more energy intensive. The FDF also said that consumers would not support any moves to restrict the year-round availability of seasonal fruit and vegetables, even though imports must travel thousands of miles.

The FDF published this claim in their 'blueprint for sustainability', prepared for the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. They claim that the amount of energy used in transporting food and drink to shops from farms and factories was relatively small, and that the manufacture of food and drink accounted for more than 13 times as much energy. And domestic refrigeration and cooking used more than eight times as much. This of course entirely misses the point.

In what could be seen as a retort to food purists who criticise 'ready meals', the FDF also said it made environmental sense to do as much food preparation as possible in factories since industrial-scale cooking equipment was more energy efficient than the domestic equivalent. As the FDF is a trade association representing food processor's interests, it was very likely to come up with this argument.

==Corrupting Organic standards==

The Organic Food Manufacturers Liaison Group represents over 50 food manufacturers. It was set up in 2001 to 'ensure high quality standards' as well as support the future development of new certification standards, based on consumer needs. One assumes this means the additives, preservatives and colourings that are so much a part of processed food manufacturing, though not part of most people's vision of organic foods as healthy and chemical-free.

In a press statement, Sylvia Jay re-affirmed this differing vision for organic food between many small producers and the industry, who have spotted an emerging and fast growing market. 'Organic food is no longer just box schemes and health food shops. It is now a mainstream, global market'. In the UK, the total organic food market is now estimated to be worth in excess of �800 million an increase of 278% since 1996. If current growth rates are maintained the market will reach �1billon by 2002 and more than 5% of the grocery market by 2005-6. Tesco and Sainsbury's have over 600 lines of organic produce in major stores.{{ref|92}} Its not surprising that the food manufacturing industry see the co-option of the organic market as a key market.

==Dictating the research agenda==

The food processing and manufacturing sector developed out of a recognition that the demand for food is fairly inelastic i.e. there is only so much food we can eat, however cheap it is. However, through innovation and technological 'advances' we can add value to food, thus always ensuring there are new products and new demand. Over the years, such innovation has taken the form of preservatives, enzymes, additives, flavourings, colourings, new processing techniques and ready meals. There have also been staggering advances in the processing of food, ensuring that it is ever more efficient, that the supply of raw materials is constant and the price of raw materials is lower - to this end GM technology appeals to the food processors as it creates oversupply. Furthermore, the promise of GM technology with processing traits, such as bread wheat with higher gluten levels so that gluten does not need to be added in the baking stage, seems very appealing to the industry.

Evidently, the industry invests heavily in research and development, however, it makes more financial sense to get the government to fund research. Representatives of the FDF sit, and have sat on the board of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, as well as the government Foresight committees, that are developing new visions for food technology on behalf of the government and at the Rothampsted research institute, that focuses on agronomic research, including biotechnology. Other associates of the FDF work with independent research institutes, such as the Institute of Food Research and the Institute of Food Science and Technology that are beneficiaries of government funding (See section on 'Influence and Lobbying').

With government funding so focused on research useful for industry, this narrows the amount available for independent research, for exampleon the health risks of new food technologies. This, of course, can only be viewed as a good thing by the industry.

==Shamelessly defending industry representation on government committees==

In April 1998, Neville Craddock of the FDF (see above) gave evidence to the UK government's Health and Safety Executive (HSE). The HSE's overall purpose is to 'to ensure that risks to people's health and safety from work activities are properly controlled'. This particular select committee also examined the process by which government committees, such as the Food Advisory Committee (FAC), takes advice from industry sources. Craddock felt that he, being someone who represented industry whilst sitting on government committees, was in a 'strong and relevant position to offer comments to the Committee's Inquiry, with particular reference to the role and position of so-called 'Industry Representatives' on Advisory Committees.'{{ref|93}}

The text of his memorandum contains the following quotes{{ref|94}}:

* 'Advice to Ministers must continue to be of the highest possible calibre, beyond question and be seen to be independent of any vested interests.
*The balance and source of Committee membership must be objectively addressed. Industry employees may not be unique in having direct or indirect financial interests in matters under discussion. [I.e. it's OK for committee members to be industry-employees, since other committee members, although not industry employees, may still have financial interests such as shares in relevant industries. This is not comforting.]

*The Terms of Reference of the FAC [Food Advisory Committee], in particular, can best and, perhaps, only be met by having amongst its membership, individuals with relevant, practical, first-hand experience [i.e. industry-employees] in appropriate areas, in order to ensure the widest possible basis for advice to Ministers.

For corporate lobby groups, having a representative on a government advisory committee, is exactly where they can wield their power best. Advisory committees are where legislation and regulation is debated and proposed. This is where their behaviour could be restricted and potentially, their profits curtailed.

For all the claims of 'independence from any vested interests', lobbyists can't help but work in the interests of their corporate members, since they are paid to represent them. They are hardly likely to call for tough when this is going to penalise their members, with the exception, of course, of cases in which regulation can be made to work for their interests, for example by forcing smaller producers out of the market.

==Notes==

#{{note|77}} Information from the Guardian, p7., September 8, 2001
#{{note|78}} http://www.bsb.org.uk/members/library/conferences/2001autumn/paper_460.htm
#{{note|79}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld199899/ldselect/ldeucom/11/8121501.htm
#{{note|80}} Sylvia Jay quoted in Belfast News Letter September 8, 2001
#{{note|81}} M2 PRESSWIRE September 7, 2001
#{{note|82}} The Grocer July 06, 2002
#{{note|83}} http://www.foodfen.org.uk/news12.asp
#{{note|84}} http://www.foodstandards.gov.uk/foodlabelling/policiesandregulations/49321/
#{{note|85}} The Independent, July 16, 2002
#{{note|86}} The Grocer, March 09, 2002
#{{note|87}} Daily Mail, February 5, 2002
#{{note|88}} The Daily Telegraph, January 24, 2002
#{{note|89}} The Express, October 23, 2001
#{{note|90}} http://www.foodfitness.org.uk/tips4assess.htm
#{{note|91}} Food transport 'not the worst' energy culprit' by Fiona Harvey and Adam Jones, Financial Times 19/8/02
#{{note|92}} www.epolitix.com/data/companies/images/companies/Food-and-Drink-Federation/040501.htm
#{{note|93}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm
#{{note|94}} http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmsctech/465/465m04.htm

Talk:First Group PLC

2007-07-10T14:51:54Z

Will:

page wikified.

First Group PLC

2007-07-10T14:50:30Z

Will:

FirstGroup is one of Britain’s largest transport companies, operating bus services, passenger and freight rail services in the UK and yellow school bus and other services in the US. The group’s UK rail interests include [[First Great Western]], [[First Scot]], [[TransPennine Express]], [[Hull Trains]], [[First Great Western Link]], [[First North Western]] and [[GB Railfreight]]. First Group operates local and national transport networks and is the largest provider of local travel needs, servicing the public transport network. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

== Address ==

[[First Group PLC]]

incipal and Registered Office:
395 King Street,
Aberdeen,
AB24 5RP.
Telephone: 01224 650 100
Facsimile:01224 650 140

Registered in Scotland Number: SC157176

== Board of Directors ==

[[Martin Gilbert]]
Chairman; Chairman of the Nomination Committee

[[Moir Lockhead]]
Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive; Chairman of the Safety Committee

[[Dean Finch]]
Finance Director; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[David Leeder]]
Director of International Development and Marketing; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[Sidney Barrie]]
Commercial Director and Company Secretary; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[David Dunn]]
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director; Chairman of the Audit Committee; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[James Forbes]]
Non-Executive Director; Chairman of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[John Sievwright]]
Non–Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

Professor [[David Begg]]
Non-Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[Martyn Williams]]
Non-Executive Employee Director

[[Audrey Baxter]]
Non-Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee {{ref|1}}

== [[First Group America (US and Canada)]] ==

Corporate Headquarters
705 Central Ave.
Suite 300
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Phone: 513-241-2200
Fax: 513-381-0149

=== [[First Student]] ===

[[Carey Paster]]
President

[[Gary Waits]]
Chief Financial Officer

[[Charles Bruce]]
Vice-President, Sales & Marketing

[[Rick Vilines]]
Vice-President, Human Resources

[[Gary Catapano]]
Vice-President, Safety

[[Richard Noble]]
Vice-President, Maintenance

[[Jim Castelli]]
Senior Region Vice-President, East

[[Ron Howard]]
Senior Region Vice-President, Midwest

[[Cal Hull]]
Senior Region Vice-President, West

[[Jim Hadfield]]
President, [[FirstBus Canada Limited]]

=== [[First Transit]] ===

[[Rick Dunning]]
Senior Vice President, Transit Management

[[Christian Gartner]]
CFO

[[Lisa Gatwood]]
Director, Sales Support Services

[[Gayle Gray]]
Vice President, Human Resources

[[Todd Hawkins]]
Vice President, Maintenance
[[
David Hines]]
Region Vice President, Southeast

[[Robert Jones]]
Region Vice President, Northeast

[[Ryan Minges]]
Director, Transit Solutions

[[Mike Murray]]
President

[[Rick Pulido]]
Region Vice President, Southwest
Business Development, Shuttle and New Markets

[[Don Swain]]
Region Vice President, Northwest

[[Bradley Thomas]]
Senior Vice President, East

[[Frank Tobey]]
Region Vice President, Mountain Region

[[Steve Wallace]]
Vice President, Safety

[[Bill Williamson]]
Region Vice President, Atlantic

[[Laura Wilson]]
Director, Business Analysis

[[Matt Wood]]
Vice President, Transportation Services

[[John Woodford]]
Vice President, Transit Management Services

[[First Vehicle Services]]

== NOTES ==

#{{Note|1}} First Group [http://www.firstgroup.com/corpfirst/investor/board.php The Board of Directors]

First Group PLC

2007-07-10T14:48:03Z

Will:

FirstGroup is one of Britain’s largest transport companies, operating bus services, passenger and freight rail services in the UK and yellow school bus and other services in the US. The group’s UK rail interests include [[First Great Western]], [[First Scot]], [[TransPennine Express]], [[Hull Trains]], [[First Great Western Link]], [[First North Western]] and [[GB Railfreight]]. First Group operates local and national transport networks and is the largest provider of local travel needs, servicing the public transport network. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

== Address ==

[[First Group PLC]]

incipal and Registered Office:
395 King Street,
Aberdeen,
AB24 5RP.
Telephone: 01224 650 100
Facsimile:01224 650 140

Registered in Scotland Number: SC157176

== Board of Directors ==

[[Martin Gilbert]]
Chairman; Chairman of the Nomination Committee

[[Moir Lockhead]]
Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive; Chairman of the Safety Committee

[[Dean Finch]]
Finance Director; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[David Leeder]]
Director of International Development and Marketing; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[Sidney Barrie]]
Commercial Director and Company Secretary; Member of the Safety Committee; Member of the Executive Committee

[[David Dunn]]
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director; Chairman of the Audit Committee; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[James Forbes]]
Non-Executive Director; Chairman of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[John Sievwright]]
Non–Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

Professor [[David Begg]]
Non-Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee

[[Martyn Williams]]
Non-Executive Employee Director

[[Audrey Baxter]]
Non-Executive Director; Member of the Audit Committee; Member of the Remuneration Committee; Member of the Nomination Committee {{ref|1}}

== [[First Group America (US and Canada)]] ==

Corporate Headquarters
705 Central Ave.
Suite 300
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Phone: 513-241-2200
Fax: 513-381-0149

=== [[First Student]] ===

[[Carey Paster]]
President

[[Gary Waits]]
Chief Financial Officer

[[Charles Bruce]]
Vice-President, Sales & Marketing

[[Rick Vilines]]
Vice-President, Human Resources

[[Gary Catapano]]
Vice-President, Safety

[[Richard Noble]]
Vice-President, Maintenance

[[Jim Castelli]]
Senior Region Vice-President, East

[[Ron Howard]]
Senior Region Vice-President, Midwest

[[Cal Hull]]
Senior Region Vice-President, West

[[Jim Hadfield]]
President, [[FirstBus Canada Limited]]

=== [[First Transit]] ===

[[Rick Dunning]]
Senior Vice President, Transit Management

[[Christian Gartner]]
CFO

[[Lisa Gatwood]]
Director, Sales Support Services

[[Gayle Gray]]
Vice President, Human Resources

[[Todd Hawkins]]
Vice President, Maintenance

David Hines
Region Vice President, Southeast

Robert Jones
Region Vice President, Northeast

Ryan Minges
Director, Transit Solutions

Mike Murray
President

Rick Pulido
Region Vice President, Southwest
Business Development, Shuttle and New Markets

Don Swain
Region Vice President, Northwest

Bradley Thomas
Senior Vice President, East

Frank Tobey
Region Vice President, Mountain Region

Steve Wallace
Vice President, Safety

Bill Williamson
Region Vice President, Atlantic

Laura Wilson
Director, Business Analysis

Matt Wood
Vice President, Transportation Services

John Woodford
Vice President, Transit Management Services

First Vehicle Services

== NOTES ==

#{{Note|1}} First Group [http://www.firstgroup.com/corpfirst/investor/board.php The Board of Directors]

Talk:Fairtrade Foundation UK

2007-07-10T13:48:14Z

Will:

board/shareholders wikified.

Fairtrade Foundation UK

2007-07-10T13:46:39Z

Will:

==Background==

[[The Fairtrade Foundation]] was established in 1992 by [[CAFOD]], [[Christian Aid]], [[New Consumer]], [[Oxfam]], [[Traidcraft]] and the [[World Development Movement]]. These founding organisations were later joined by Britain's largest women's organisation, the [[Women's Institute]].

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk]

==Function==

The Fairtrade Foundation works in the UK developing awareness and deepen understanding of the Fairtrade Mark adn increase sales of Fairtrade products. It also licenses the Fairtrade Mark to products in the UK and works alongside the [[Fairtrade Labelling Organisations (FLO)]] to develop Fairtrade criteria and update standards.

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/about_us.htm]

==Organisation==

The Foundation is a company limited by guarantee and a charity registered in England and Wales. It is governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association as adopted on 2 July 1992 and amended on 25 January 1994 and 20 May 2003.
The Articles of Association provide for the founder members to elect up to four Trustees and up to a further four Trustees to be elected by the full membership. The Board then has the power to co-opt further Trustees, providing that the maximum number of Trustees does not exceed 10. One third of elected Trustees are required to stand down each year, and Trustees can serve for up to two three year terms.
The Board meets five times a year to determine Foundation strategies and policies and to monitor progress against objectives. There are two sub committees of the Board – the Executive Committee,(formerly the Finance and Personnel Committee), consisting of three Board members and a specialist adviser on Personnel issues which meets up to five times a year, and a Certification Committee, consisting of one Board member and three external experts which meets four times a year. Minutes of both sub committees are reported to the full Board at the subsequent Board meeting.
Day-to-day operations of the charity are managed through a senior management team consisting of
the Director, Deputy Director (with specific responsibility for Commercial Relations) and three team leaders with responsibility for Communications, Certification, and Finance and Resources.

The Fairtrade Foundation is a registered charity (no. 1043886). It is also a company registered in England and Wales (no. 2733136).

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/downloads/pdf/accounts2004.pdf]

==Charity Shareholders, Patrons and Board Members==

'''Charity Shareholders'''

*[[Banana Link]]
*[[CAFOD]]
*[[Christian Aid]]
*[[Methodist Relief and Development Fund]]
*[[NFWI]] (National Federation of Women's Institutes of England, Wales, Jersey, Guernsey and Isle of Man
*[[Nicaragua Solidarity Campaign]]
*[[Oxfam]]
*[[People and Planet]]
*[[Shared Interest Foundation]]
*[[SCIAF]] (Scottish Catholic International Aid Fund)
*[[Traidcraft Exchange]]
*[[United Reformed Church]]
*[[WDM]] (World Development Movement)

'''Patron'''

*[[George Alagiah]]

'''Board Members'''

*Chair: [[Mike Gidney]] (Traidcraft Exchange)
*Treasurer: [[Lynne Gregory]] ([[Childline]])
*[[Cathy Keable Elliott]] (CAFOD)
*[[Janice Langley]] (National Federation of Women’s Institutes)
*[[Rosemary Byrde]] ([[Oxfam]])
*[[Peter Lockyer]] (Christian Aid)
*[[Ed Mayo]] (National Consumer Council)
*[[Sue Osborne]] (Shared Interest)
*[[Bert Schouwenburg]] ([[GMB]] London Region)
*[[Nabs Suma]] (consultant on organic and certification issues)
*[[Jez Frampton]] (Chief Executive, [[Interbrand]])

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/about_us.htm]

==External Links==

http://www.fairtrade.org.uk

The Fairtrade Foundation UK Annual report and Financial Statments for year ended 31 December 2004 [http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/downloads/pdf/accounts2004.pdf]

Link back to [[Fairtrade]] main page

Fairtrade Foundation UK

2007-07-10T13:44:46Z

Will:

==Background==

[[The Fairtrade Foundation]] was established in 1992 by [[CAFOD]], [[Christian Aid]], [[New Consumer]], [[Oxfam]], [[Traidcraft]] and the [[World Development Movement]]. These founding organisations were later joined by Britain's largest women's organisation, the [[Women's Institute]].

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk]

==Function==

The Fairtrade Foundation works in the UK developing awareness and deepen understanding of the Fairtrade Mark adn increase sales of Fairtrade products. It also licenses the Fairtrade Mark to products in the UK and works alongside the [[Fairtrade Labelling Organisations (FLO)]] to develop Fairtrade criteria and update standards.

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/about_us.htm]

==Organisation==

The Foundation is a company limited by guarantee and a charity registered in England and Wales. It is governed by its Memorandum and Articles of Association as adopted on 2 July 1992 and amended on 25 January 1994 and 20 May 2003.
The Articles of Association provide for the founder members to elect up to four Trustees and up to a further four Trustees to be elected by the full membership. The Board then has the power to co-opt further Trustees, providing that the maximum number of Trustees does not exceed 10. One third of elected Trustees are required to stand down each year, and Trustees can serve for up to two three year terms.
The Board meets five times a year to determine Foundation strategies and policies and to monitor progress against objectives. There are two sub committees of the Board – the Executive Committee,(formerly the Finance and Personnel Committee), consisting of three Board members and a specialist adviser on Personnel issues which meets up to five times a year, and a Certification Committee, consisting of one Board member and three external experts which meets four times a year. Minutes of both sub committees are reported to the full Board at the subsequent Board meeting.
Day-to-day operations of the charity are managed through a senior management team consisting of
the Director, Deputy Director (with specific responsibility for Commercial Relations) and three team leaders with responsibility for Communications, Certification, and Finance and Resources.

The Fairtrade Foundation is a registered charity (no. 1043886). It is also a company registered in England and Wales (no. 2733136).

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/downloads/pdf/accounts2004.pdf]

==Charity Shareholders, Patrons and Board Members==

'''Charity Shareholders'''

*[[Banana Link]]
*[[CAFOD]]
*[[Christian Aid]]
*[[Methodist Relief and Development Fund]]
*[[NFWI]] (National Federation of Women's Institutes of England, Wales, Jersey, Guernsey and Isle of Man
*[[Nicaragua Solidarity Campaign]]
*[[Oxfam]]
*[[People and Planet]]
*[[Shared Interest Foundation]]
*[[SCIAF]] (Scottish Catholic International Aid Fund)
*[[Traidcraft Exchange]]
*[[United Reformed Church]]
*[[WDM]] (World Development Movement)

'''Patron'''

*[[George Alagiah]]

'''Board Members'''

*Chair: Mike Gidney (Traidcraft Exchange)
*Treasurer: Lynne Gregory (Childline)
*Cathy Keable Elliott (CAFOD)
*Janice Langley (National Federation of Women’s Institutes)
*Rosemary Byrde ([[Oxfam]])
*Peter Lockyer (Christian Aid)
*Ed Mayo (National Consumer Council)
*Sue Osborne (Shared Interest)
*Bert Schouwenburg ([[GMB]] London Region)
*Nabs Suma (consultant on organic and certification issues)
*Jez Frampton (Chief Executive, [[Interbrand]])

[http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/about_us.htm]

==External Links==

http://www.fairtrade.org.uk

The Fairtrade Foundation UK Annual report and Financial Statments for year ended 31 December 2004 [http://www.fairtrade.org.uk/downloads/pdf/accounts2004.pdf]

Link back to [[Fairtrade]] main page

Talk:Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

2007-07-10T13:31:13Z

Will:

finished wikifying page.

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

2007-07-10T13:27:58Z

Will:

According to its website the [http://eitransparency.myaiweb15.com/iag.htm Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative] (EITI) seeks through partnerships between government, companies, and civil society to ensure the transparency of payments by companies to government and of revenues received by those governments, to encourage accountability. [http://www.ipieca.org/partnershipsportal/downloads/casestudies/eiti.pdf Some reports] have the origins of the initiative thus:

:Proposed by UK Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] in 2002 and endorsed by the G8 countries,the multi-stakeholder [[Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative]] supports improved governance in resource-rich countries through publication and verification of company payments and government revenues from oil,gas and mining.

[[Peter Eigen]] was offered 'an invitation from [[Gareth Thomas]], the UK’s minister for international development, to lead an International Panel to take forward the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)."

EITI currently funds activities in Azerbaijan, Cameroon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mauritania, Mongolia, Niger, Nigeria, São Tomé and Principe, and Timor Leste. More than 15 other countries are either discussing their participation with EITI or have endorsed the Initiative and are currently preparing to implement it.

== International Advisory Group Members ==

Chair: [[Peter Eigen]], [[Transparency International]]

[[Sam Laidlaw]], Executive Vice President, [[Chevron Texaco]]

[[Graham Baxter]], Vice President, Corporate Responsibility, [[BP]]

[[Edward Bickham]], Executive Vice President, External Affairs, [[Anglo American]]

[[Yannick Tagand]], DE/ETI, Ministère des Affaires étrangères, France

[[Larry Greenwood]], Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Finance and Development. Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs, U.S. Department of State

[[Samir Sharifov]], Executive Director, [[State owned Oil Fund of Azerbaijan]]

[[Dr. Oby Ezekwesili]], Minister for Solid Minerals Development, Nigeria

[[Carlos Garaycochea]], EITI Coordinator, Adviser to the Minister of Energy and Mines

[[Karin Lissakers]], [[Open Society Institute]]

[[Gavin Hayman]], Lead Campaigner, Global Witness

Sabit Bagirov, Chairman of Board, [[TI Azerbaijan]]

[[Father Patrick Lafon]], General Secretary, Central African Bishops Conference, Cameroon

[[Karina Litvack]], Director, Head of Governance & Socially Responsible Investment,[[ F&C Asset Management]]

== Supporters ==

[[Ben Mellor]], Head of EITI Secretariat

[[Tim Ayres]], EITI Secretariat

[[Peter van der Veen]] Manager, Mining Department, [[World Bank]]

== Funding ==

[http://www.fin.gc.ca/news07/07-012e.html Canada’s support] includes a contribution of $750,000 to the EITI Multi-Donor Trust Fund, as well as $100,000 in annual, ongoing funding.

== Key Partners ==

Oil and gas companies:

[[BP]], [[Chevron]], [[Eni]], [[ExxonMobil]], [[Hess]], [[Marathon]], [[Repsol]], [[Shell]], [[Statoil]], [[Talisman Energy]], [[Total]], [[Woodside]]

Industry associations:

[[American Petroleum Institute]], International
Association of Oil &
Gas Producers

NGOs

• Catholic Agency for
Overseas Development
• Global Witness
• Publish What You Pay
coalition
• Transparency
International

Talk:Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T13:19:04Z

Will:

page wikified. Also formatted?

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T13:14:18Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

*[[Ansel Condray]] (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from [[Keith Taylor]], 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of [[Institute of Chemical Engineers]], vice president of the [[Institute of Petroleum]], council member of [[CBI]], [[Business in the Community]] and the [[Institute of Business Ethics]]. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

*[[SC Spancake]] (Finance Director)
*[[SC Polkey]] (Fuels Marketing)
*[[D Carr]] (Logistics & Refining)
*[[JV Genova]] (International Gas Marketing)
*[[RG Bellis]] (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

*[[SBL Penrose]] (Finance Director, [[Esso Petroleum Co Ltd]], [[Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd]]) [51]
*[[ME Clifton]] (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
*[[John Cousins]] (Executive vice president, [[ExxonMobil International Ltd]]). [53]

[[ExxonMobil Chemical]] [54]

*[[MJ Lane]] (Chairman)
*[[RH Coleman]]
*[[DJ Hartgerink]]

[[ExxonMobil Aviation International]] [55]

*[[JAC Bell]]
*[[E Biriotti]]
*[[RM Cooper]]
*[[IC Downie]]

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is [[ExxonMobil Development Company]], responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like [[Imperial Oil Limited]], [[Monetary Coal Company]], [[Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada]] (Chile), [[International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC]] (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company [[Esso UK plc]] and two operating businesses – [[Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited]], and [[Esso Petroleum Company Limited]].

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

*[[ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd]]
*[[ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd]]
*[[International Marine Transportation Ltd]]
*[[Mobil Marine Lubricants]]
*[[ExxonMobil International Ltd]] (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
*[[ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation]]

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: [[Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd]], [[Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd]], [[Dart Oil Company Ltd]], [[Redline Oil Services Ltd]] and [[Retail Petroleum Services Ltd.]] Also owns 74.9% of [[Mode Wheel Property Ltd]] [56] and 65% of [[Mainline Pipelines Ltd]] [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T13:12:28Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

*[[Ansel Condray]] (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from [[Keith Taylor]], 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of [[Institute of Chemical Engineers]], vice president of the [[Institute of Petroleum]], council member of [[CBI]], [[Business in the Community]] and the [[Institute of Business Ethics]]. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

*[[SC Spancake]] (Finance Director)
*[[SC Polkey]] (Fuels Marketing)
*[[D Carr]] (Logistics & Refining)
*[[JV Genova]] (International Gas Marketing)
*[[RG Bellis]] (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

*[[SBL Penrose]] (Finance Director, [[Esso Petroleum Co Ltd]], [[Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd]]) [51]
*[[ME Clifton]] (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
*[[John Cousins]] (Executive vice president, [[ExxonMobil International Ltd]]). [53]

[[ExxonMobil Chemical]] [54]

*[[MJ Lane]] (Chairman)
*[[RH Coleman]]
*[[DJ Hartgerink]]

[[ExxonMobil Aviation International]] [55]

*[[JAC Bell]]
*[[E Biriotti]]
*[[RM Cooper]]
*[[IC Downie]]

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is [[ExxonMobil Development Company]], responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like [[Imperial Oil Limited]], [[Monetary Coal Company]], [[Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada]] (Chile), [[International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC]] (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company [[Esso UK plc]] and two operating businesses – [[Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited]], and [[Esso Petroleum Company Limited]].

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

[[ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd]]
[[ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd]]
[[International Marine Transportation Ltd]]
[[Mobil Marine Lubricants]]
[[ExxonMobil International Ltd]] (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
[[ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation
]]
Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: [[Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd]], [[Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd]], [[Dart Oil Company Ltd]], [[Redline Oil Services Ltd]] and [[Retail Petroleum Services Ltd.]] Also owns 74.9% of [[Mode Wheel Property Ltd]] [56] and 65% of [[Mainline Pipelines Ltd]] [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T13:07:28Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

*[[Ansel Condray]] (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from [[Keith Taylor]], 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of [[Institute of Chemical Engineers]], vice president of the [[Institute of Petroleum]], council member of [[CBI]], [[Business in the Community]] and the [[Institute of Business Ethics]]. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

*[[SC Spancake]] (Finance Director)
*[[SC Polkey]] (Fuels Marketing)
*[[D Carr]] (Logistics & Refining)
*[[JV Genova]] (International Gas Marketing)
*[[RG Bellis]] (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

*[[SBL Penrose]] (Finance Director, [[Esso Petroleum Co Ltd]], [[Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd]]) [51]
*[[ME Clifton]] (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
*[[John Cousins]] (Executive vice president, [[ExxonMobil International Ltd]]). [53]

[[ExxonMobil Chemical]] [54]

*[[MJ Lane]] (Chairman)
*[[RH Coleman]]
*[[DJ Hartgerink]]

[[ExxonMobil Aviation International]] [55]

*[[JAC Bell]]
*[[E Biriotti]]
*[[RM Cooper]]
*[[IC Downie]]

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:57:01Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

*[[Ansel Condray]] (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from [[Keith Taylor]], 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of [[Institute of Chemical Engineers]], vice president of the [[Institute of Petroleum]], council member of [[CBI]], [[Business in the Community]] and the [[Institute of Business Ethics]]. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

*[[SC Spancake]] (Finance Director)
*[[SC Polkey]] (Fuels Marketing)
*[[D Carr]] (Logistics & Refining)
*[[JV Genova]] (International Gas Marketing)
*[[RG Bellis]] (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

[[SBL Penrose]] (Finance Director, [[Esso Petroleum Co Ltd]], [[Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd]]) [51]
[[ME Clifton]] (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
[[John Cousins]] (Executive vice president, [[ExxonMobil International Ltd]]). [53]

[[ExxonMobil Chemical]] [54]

[[MJ Lane]] (Chairman)
[[RH Coleman]]
[[DJ Hartgerink]]

[[ExxonMobil Aviation International]] [55]

[[JAC Bell]]
[[E Biriotti]]
[[RM Cooper]]
[[IC Downie]]

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:53:44Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

*[[Ansel Condray]] (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from [[Keith Taylor]], 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of [[Institute of Chemical Engineers]], vice president of the [[Institute of Petroleum]], council member of [[CBI]], [[Business in the Community]] and the [[Institute of Business Ethics]]. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

*[[SC Spancake]] (Finance Director)
*[[SC Polkey]] (Fuels Marketing)
*[[D Carr]] (Logistics & Refining)
*[[JV Genova]] (International Gas Marketing)
*[[RG Bellis]] (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:50:37Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

*[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
*[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
*[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
*[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
*[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
*[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
*[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
*[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
*[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
*[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
*[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
*[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
*[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
*[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
*[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
*[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:49:05Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

[[Reatha Clark King]]
President and Executive Director, [[General Mills Foundation]]; Vice President, [[General Mills, Inc.]] (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

[[Philip E. Lippincott]]
Chairman of the Board, [[Campbell Soup Company]] (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Scott Paper Company]] (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

[[Marilyn Carlson Nelson]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Carlson Companies, Inc.]]; Co-Chair, [[Carlson Holdings, Inc.]] (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

[[Walter V. Shipley]]
Retired Chairman of the Board, [[The Chase Manhattan Corporation]] and [[The Chase Manhattan Bank]] (banking and finance)

Executives

[[Lee R. Raymond]] Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
[[E. G. Galante]] Senior Vice President
[[R. W. Tillerson]] Senior Vice President
[[H. J. Longwell]] Executive Vice President, Director
[[E. A. Renna]] Executive Vice President, Director
[[R. Dahan]] Executive Vice President, Director
[[M. E. Foster]] President, ExxonMobil Development Company
[[F. A. Risch]] Vice President, Treasurer
[[D. D. Humphreys]] Vice President, Controller
[[C. W. Matthews]] Vice President, General Counsel
[[T. P. Townsend]] Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
[[P. E. Sullivan]] Vice President and General Tax Counsel
[[H. R. Cramer]] Vice President
[[K. T. Koonce]] Vice President
[[S. R. McGill]] Vice President
[[S. D. Pryor]] Vice President
[[D. S. Sanders]] Vice President
[[J. S. Simon]] Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:44:46Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

[[Lee R. Raymond]]
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

[[Eugene A. Renna]]
Senior Vice President

[[René Dahan]]
Senior Vice President

[[Harry J. Longwell]]
Senior Vice President

[[Michael J. Boskin]]
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, [[Stanford University]]

[[William T. Esrey]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Sprint Corporation]] (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

[[Donald V. Fites]]
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Caterpillar Inc.]] (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

[[Charles A. Heimbold, Jr]]
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]] (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

[[James R. Houghton]]
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, [[Corning Incorporated]] (communications, advanced materials and display products)

[[William R. Howell]]
Chairman Emeritus, [[J.C. Penney Company, Inc.]] (department store and catalogue chain)

[[Helene L. Kaplan]]
Of Counsel, [[Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP]] (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:39:08Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

*[[College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account]]
*[[Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Index 500 Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio]]
*[[Putnam Fund For Growth And Income]]
*[[AXP New Dimensions Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Contrafund Inc]]
*[[Vanguard Institutional Index Fund]]
*[[Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc]]
*[[Washington Mutual Investors Fund]]

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

Lee R. Raymond
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene A. Renna
Senior Vice President

René Dahan
Senior Vice President

Harry J. Longwell
Senior Vice President

Michael J. Boskin
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University

William T. Esrey
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sprint Corporation (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

Donald V. Fites
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Caterpillar Inc. (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

Charles A. Heimbold, Jr
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

James R. Houghton
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, Corning Incorporated (communications, advanced materials and display products)

William R. Howell
Chairman Emeritus, J.C. Penney Company, Inc. (department store and catalogue chain)

Helene L. Kaplan
Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:36:28Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
*[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
*[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
*[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
*[[State Street Corporation]]
*[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
*[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
*[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
*[[Taunus Corporation]]
*[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
*[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account
Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc
Vanguard Index 500 Fund
Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio
Putnam Fund For Growth And Income
AXP New Dimensions Fund
Fidelity Contrafund Inc
Vanguard Institutional Index Fund
Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc
Washington Mutual Investors Fund

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

Lee R. Raymond
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene A. Renna
Senior Vice President

René Dahan
Senior Vice President

Harry J. Longwell
Senior Vice President

Michael J. Boskin
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University

William T. Esrey
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sprint Corporation (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

Donald V. Fites
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Caterpillar Inc. (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

Charles A. Heimbold, Jr
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

James R. Houghton
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, Corning Incorporated (communications, advanced materials and display products)

William R. Howell
Chairman Emeritus, J.C. Penney Company, Inc. (department store and catalogue chain)

Helene L. Kaplan
Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:35:13Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
[[FMR Corporation]] (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
[[Barcleys Bank Plc]]
[[Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company]]
[[State Street Corporation]]
[[Mellon Bank, N.A.]]
[[Vanguard Group, Inc.]]
[[Putman Investment Management, Inc.]]
[[Taunus Corporation]]
[[TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC]]
[[Citigroup Inc.]]

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account
Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc
Vanguard Index 500 Fund
Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio
Putnam Fund For Growth And Income
AXP New Dimensions Fund
Fidelity Contrafund Inc
Vanguard Institutional Index Fund
Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc
Washington Mutual Investors Fund

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

Lee R. Raymond
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene A. Renna
Senior Vice President

René Dahan
Senior Vice President

Harry J. Longwell
Senior Vice President

Michael J. Boskin
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University

William T. Esrey
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sprint Corporation (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

Donald V. Fites
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Caterpillar Inc. (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

Charles A. Heimbold, Jr
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

James R. Houghton
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, Corning Incorporated (communications, advanced materials and display products)

William R. Howell
Chairman Emeritus, J.C. Penney Company, Inc. (department store and catalogue chain)

Helene L. Kaplan
Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:31:07Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

[[ExxonMobil Chemical ltd]]
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on [[Esso]] land, but the plant is owned by [[Cogen]], [[National Power]]’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by [[Shell Chemicals UK]] [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with [[Conoco]] (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with [[BP]] (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The [[Automobil Association]] said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
FMR Corporation (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
Barcleys Bank Plc
Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company
State Street Corporation
Mellon Bank, N.A.
Vanguard Group, Inc.
Putman Investment Management, Inc.
Taunus Corporation
TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC
Citigroup Inc.

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account
Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc
Vanguard Index 500 Fund
Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio
Putnam Fund For Growth And Income
AXP New Dimensions Fund
Fidelity Contrafund Inc
Vanguard Institutional Index Fund
Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc
Washington Mutual Investors Fund

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

Lee R. Raymond
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene A. Renna
Senior Vice President

René Dahan
Senior Vice President

Harry J. Longwell
Senior Vice President

Michael J. Boskin
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University

William T. Esrey
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sprint Corporation (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

Donald V. Fites
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Caterpillar Inc. (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

Charles A. Heimbold, Jr
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

James R. Houghton
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, Corning Incorporated (communications, advanced materials and display products)

William R. Howell
Chairman Emeritus, J.C. Penney Company, Inc. (department store and catalogue chain)

Helene L. Kaplan
Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Exxon Mobil: Who, Where, How Much?

2007-07-10T12:25:21Z

Will:

Worldwide
[[Exxon Mobil]] conducts business in almost 200 countries worldwide [16]. For information on the different ExxonMobil companies and affiliates, see www.exxonmobil.com/affiliate/, or look at the map of worldwide operations divided up into upstream, downstream, chemical and coal & mineral www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html.

The corporation’s headquarters is in Irving, Texas, USA.

[[Exxon Mobil Corporation]]
5959 Las Colinas Boulevard
Irving, TX 75039-2298
Phone: +1 (0) 972 444 1000
Fax: +1 (0)972 444 1350

Other offices include:

[[Exxon Chemical]]
13501 Katy Fwy
Houston TX 77079
Phone: +1 (0)800 231 6633

[[Exxon Coal & Minerals]]
2401 S. Gessner
Houston TX 77063
Postal address: PO Box 1314, Houston, TX 77251-1314
Phone: +1 (0)713 978 5333
Fax: +1 (0)713 9785404

[[Exxon International]]
200 Park Ave
Florham Park NJ 07932
Phone: +1 (0)201 765 7000

UK
You can find [[Esso]]’s major locations on an interactive map on their web site www.esso.com/eaff/essouk/glance/britain.html. Their main locations are in Leatherhead, West London, Abingdon, Fareham, Fife, Fawley and Purfleet.

See below for descriptions of some of the places.

Leatherhead
Leatherhead is the HQ of [[Esso UK plc]], [[Esso Exploration & Production]] and [[Esso Petroleum Company]]. Up to 1000 staff work there [17]. It is a purpose built complex of offices, used initially for administrative functions when the head office used to be at Victoria Street. Based here are sales & marketing, IT, gas, some of human resources, logistics, some of exploration, some of finance.

[[Exxon Mobil House]]
Ermyn Way
Leatherhead
SURREY
KT22 8UX
Phone: +44 (0)1372 222 000
Fax: +44 (0)1372 222 424

London offices
Mobil Court in London is HQ of UK upstream units ([[Mobil North Sea]], [[Esso Exploration and Production]], [[Mobil Gas Marketing]]) and of [[ExxonMobil International]]. Trade journal [[Lloyds List]] describes its role as a ‘centre of excellence’ responsible for European and African upstream operations [18]. Prior to the merger, Mobil had 900 upstream staff in London [19].

The London office is described as ‘European upstream headquarters’. The finance division is based there (deals with internal finance) [20].
3 Clements Inn
London
WC2A 2EB

West London Terminal, Heathrow
Fuels Customer Service Centre, Central Operations Group and Senior Management are based here.

Fareham, Hampshire
Exxon Chemical’s Head Office, close to Southampton and the M27.

ExxonMobil Chemical ltd
P.O. box 122
4600 Parkway
Solent Business Park
Whitley
Fareham
Hampshire
PO15 7AP

Fawley
Situated on the Solent near Southampton is Fawley, Britain’s largest refinery (uses as much electricity as Southampton does) [21].

Major process units at Fawley include: 3 atmospheric + 3 vacuum distillation units, a fluid catalytic cracking unit, a resid finer, a polymerisation plant, 2 powerformers, 5 hydrofiners, 2 sulphur extraction units, a lubricating oil manufacturing complex, an isomerisation unit and a bitumen plant [22].

Crude oil arrives in 80,000 tonne tanker ships [23]. The Marine Terminal has 5 deep-sea berths and 4 inshore berths. 2,500 ship movements per year (most of these taking products away) [24]. More than 25 million tonnes of oil and oil products pass through Southampton port per year, mostly for or from Fawley [25]. About half of the inputs are from the North Sea (sweet – low sulphur), half from the Middle East (sour) [26].

Exxon Chemical has a chemical manufacturing complex at Fawley, producing 700,000 tonnes of chemicals per year [27]. It produces ethylene, butylenes, butadiene, solvents, butyl and halobutyl rubber, lubricating oil, fuel oil additives, higher olefins for internediaries for the vinyl and plastics industries. It also produces speciality chemicals for oil exploration, extraction and refining industries [28]. About 80% is exported – many to Exxon Chemical plants in Europe. Chemical products for UK markets go first by ship to two terminals at Purfleet or one at Immingham [29]. About 600 work at Fawley for Exxon Chemical [30].

Last year a combined heat and power plant (CHP) was set up at Fawley. It produces 135MW of electricity, and 150 tonnes of steam per hour, which is fed back into the refinery. The site is on Esso land, but the plant is owned by Cogen, National Power’s CHP subsidiary, and is operated by Esso employees [31].

Fawley
Southampton
SO45 1TX
Phone: +44 (0)1703 896712

Mossmoran plant
Mossmoran is fed directly from the North Sea, via St Fergus terminal. Its products are distributed by pipeline to UK markets or by ship to Europe. 250 employees on Mossmoran site [32]. 50% owned by Shell Chemicals UK [33].

Purfleet Lubricants Plant
Responsible for manufacture, packing & distribution. Blends base stocks, which come by ship from Fawley. It is also a major distribution terminal for fuels and other products. Leading brands are Mobil 1 and Esso Ultron. Over 400 different types of lubricants are blended at Purfleet for industry [34].

Call centre, Manchester
Due to open in the summer, at Salford Quays, with 300 staff. Dealing with enquiries from retail, wholesale and industrial customers across Europe [35].

Aberdeen office
The Mobil North Sea office in Aberdeen has been kept after the merger, but with a reduction in staff numbers from the former 400 [36].

The Distribution network
ExxonMobil claims to operate the largest underground pipeline network in the UK [37] : 00 km in total. 85% of Fawley’s products leave by pipeline to distribution terminals or airports (including Heathrow + Gatwick). Short pipelines feed local power stations and petrochemical works [38]. 10% leaves by ship, taking products to terminals in UK and Europe, and just 5% by road.

There are distribution terminals at West London (near Heathrow), Purfleet, Avonmouth, Birmingham, Nottingham, Hythe (near Fawley) and Manchester. West London is the biggest terminal [39].

Esso also shares a terminal in Plymouth with Conoco (Mayflower Distribution Terminal) and one in Belfast with BP (Belfast Fuels Terminal) [40].

Esso has its own fleet of 100 road tankers [41], which take the products from terminals to petrol stations and to industrial customers. Esso also uses contractors for this.

Garages get their fuel from the nearest refinery – whichever company owns it, so if you watch tankers coming out of Fawley, you will see all company liveries. When Fawley was blockaded last year, The Automobil Association said half the petrol stations on the south coast could be affected [42]. But a report in Octane Week confirms the assertion on Esso’s website that 80% are supplied from Fawley – noting that the new ultra low sulphur gasoline from Fawley was being sold at 80% of Esso’s petrol stations, and the remaining 20% weren’t supplied from there [43].

Back to top
Structure / Ownership

ExxonMobil is structured and managed by business activity, on a global basis, rather than by country. New ExxonMobil structure, following merger, organises into 11 separate global businesses:

• five upstream: exploration, development, production, gas marketing, upstream research
• four downstream: refining & supply, fuels marketing, lubricants & petroleum specialities, technology
• chemicals
• coal & minerals

While the move is to global organisation, there are practical (geographical) limits to the ability to do this. For example, upstream and downstream operations in the UK both have the same chairman, and are based in the same office. But the move is new, so it remains to be seen to what extent the globalisation policy is implemented.

To give an idea of their grouping, one senior manager of ExxonMobil board is responsible for all upstream divisions, another for all downstream, and another for the chemicals and coal & minerals divisions.

Relative size of these areas in ExxonMobil globally according to Exxon-Mobil Financial & Operating Review (average capital employed, 2000):

Upstream 44.6%
Downstream 31.7%
Chemicals 15.8%
Other + corporate 7.9%

Major shareholders

Top Institutional Holders of Exxon Mobil [44]:
FMR Corporation (Fidelty Management & Research Corp)
Barcleys Bank Plc
Morgan (J.P.) Chase & Company
State Street Corporation
Mellon Bank, N.A.
Vanguard Group, Inc.
Putman Investment Management, Inc.
Taunus Corporation
TIAA Cref Investment Management, LLC
Citigroup Inc.

Top Mutual Fund Holders [45]:

College Retirement Equities Fund-Stock Account
Fidelity Magellan Fund Inc
Vanguard Index 500 Fund
Fidelity Growth And Income Portfolio
Putnam Fund For Growth And Income
AXP New Dimensions Fund
Fidelity Contrafund Inc
Vanguard Institutional Index Fund
Fidelity Puritan Fund Inc
Washington Mutual Investors Fund

Board of Directors Exxon Mobil [46]

The board currently is comprised of fifteen directors, eleven of which are non-employees.

Lee R. Raymond
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer

Eugene A. Renna
Senior Vice President

René Dahan
Senior Vice President

Harry J. Longwell
Senior Vice President

Michael J. Boskin
T.M. Friedman Professor of Economics and Senior Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford University

William T. Esrey
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Sprint Corporation (a global communications company integrating long distance, local and wireless communications services and one of the world’s largest carriers of Internet traffic)

Donald V. Fites
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Caterpillar Inc. (manufacturer of construction, mining, and agricultural machinery and engines)

Charles A. Heimbold, Jr
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (manufacturer of consumer products and pharmaceuticals)

James R. Houghton
Chairman of the Board Emeritus, Corning Incorporated (communications, advanced materials and display products)

William R. Howell
Chairman Emeritus, J.C. Penney Company, Inc. (department store and catalogue chain)

Helene L. Kaplan
Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm)

Reatha Clark King
President and Executive Director, General Mills Foundation; Vice President, General Mills, Inc. (manufacturer and marketer of consumer food products)

Philip E. Lippincott
Chairman of the Board, Campbell Soup Company (global manufacturer and marketer of high quality, branded convenience food products); Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Scott Paper Company (sanitary paper, printing and publishing papers and forestry operations)

Marilyn Carlson Nelson
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Carlson Companies, Inc.; Co-Chair, Carlson Holdings, Inc. (travel, hotels, restaurants and marketing services)

Walter V. Shipley
Retired Chairman of the Board, The Chase Manhattan Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank (banking and finance)

Executives

Lee R. Raymond Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
E. G. Galante Senior Vice President
R. W. Tillerson Senior Vice President
H. J. Longwell Executive Vice President, Director
E. A. Renna Executive Vice President, Director
R. Dahan Executive Vice President, Director
M. E. Foster President, ExxonMobil Development Company
F. A. Risch Vice President, Treasurer
D. D. Humphreys Vice President, Controller
C. W. Matthews Vice President, General Counsel
T. P. Townsend Vice President of Investor Relations, Secretary
P. E. Sullivan Vice President and General Tax Counsel
H. R. Cramer Vice President
K. T. Koonce Vice President
S. R. McGill Vice President
S. D. Pryor Vice President
D. S. Sanders Vice President
J. S. Simon Vice President
The two Senior Vice Presidents, the three Executive Vice Presidents and the Chairman and CEO, L. R. Raymond, constitute the Corporation's Management Committee.

Principal directors in the UK
Esso UK plc [47]:

Ansel Condray (Chairman)
Ansel Condray helped Bush to draft the voluntary Clean Act Programme for Texas when Bush was governor there in 1997 (see also Links with Government) [48].
Took over from Keith Taylor, 26/2/00. Taylor was a very public figure, both in the industry and outside it – President of Institute of Chemical Engineers, vice president of the Institute of Petroleum, council member of CBI, Business in the Community and the Institute of Business Ethics. He died of cancer in September 2000 [49].

SC Spancake (Finance Director)
SC Polkey (Fuels Marketing)
D Carr (Logistics & Refining)
JV Genova (International Gas Marketing)
RG Bellis (Exploration)
All executive directors of Esso UK plc (all male).

Condray, Genova and Bellis all have Europe-wide roles in ExxonMobil International [50].

Other directors:

SBL Penrose (Finance Director, Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, Mobil Gas Marketing Ltd) [51]
ME Clifton (Mobil Gas Marketing) [52]
John Cousins (Executive vice president, ExxonMobil International Ltd). [53]

ExxonMobil Chemical [54]

MJ Lane (Chairman)
RH Coleman
DJ Hartgerink

ExxonMobil Aviation International [55]

JAC Bell
E Biriotti
RM Cooper
IC Downie

Back to top
Subsidiaries

Worldwide

ExxonMobil has numerous functional and service organisations. One example is ExxonMobil Development Company, responsible for overall stewardship of project development and drilling activities for the Corporation's worldwide upstream operations. There is a whole range of other companies recognisable by Exxon, Mobil and / or Esso name. Some of the companies are not so easily recognisable by name, like Imperial Oil Limited, Monetary Coal Company, Compania Minera Disputada de Las Condes Limitada (Chile), International Colombia Resources Corporation LLC (intercor) (Colombia) etc.

To get an overview of some of ExxonMobil’s different companies, check out ‘Our Activities’ at www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/index.html. The most comprehensive overview can be obtained by looking in the Who Owns Who directory of North America (can be found in most libraries).

UK
In the UK, the Esso business consists of the holding company Esso UK plc and two operating businesses – Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Esso Petroleum Company Limited.

ExxonMobil has 6 main UK operating companies

Upstream:
Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd
Mobile North Sea Ltd
Mobil Gas Marketing (U.K) Ltd

Downstream:
Esso Petroleum Company, Ltd
Mobil Lubricants UK Ltd
Chemicals:
ExxonMobil Chemical Ltd

There are also a number of ExxonMobil international business areas which are co-ordinated from the UK, by the following subsidiaries:

ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd
ExxonMobil Marine Fuels Ltd
International Marine Transportation Ltd
Mobil Marine Lubricants
ExxonMobil International Ltd (oversees the upstream operations within Europe and West Africa)
ExxonMobil Sales and Supply Corporation

Esso Petroleum Company owns (100%) the following: Cleveland Petroleum Company Ltd, Comma Oil & Chemicals Ltd, Dart Oil Company Ltd, Redline Oil Services Ltd and Retail Petroleum Services Ltd. Also owns 74.9% of Mode Wheel Property Ltd [56] and 65% of Mainline Pipelines Ltd [57].

Back to top

References
[16] ExxonMobil’s web site, www.exxonmobil.com/opsmap/
[17] Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’ gives 2,500 between Leatherhead and Fawley. Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000, says 1,500 staff at Fawley.
[18] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[19] London Aberdeen Press & Journal, 2/12/98, ‘Jobs fears as oil firms get hitched up’
[20] ExxonMobil, ‘We cover a lot of ground’, recruitment brochure, 2000
[21] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[22] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[23] from refinery delivery updates, Lloyds List – always 80,000t
[24] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p.6
[25] Lloyds List, 27/1/97, Special report on Southampton: ‘Dredging programme the key to the future’
[26] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[27] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[28] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[29] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[30] ‘Esso in the UK’, Dec ‘96
[31] Hart’s European Fuel News, 8/12/99, ‘Esso Fawley refinery gets new Cogen plant
[32] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[33] Esso – ‘Refining’, Dec ‘96
[34] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[35] Lloyd’s List 4/12/99, ‘Oil – Exxon Mobil predicts big savings’, by Helen Carr
[36] Manchester Evening News 1/3/01, ‘Jobs bonanza - but mind your language’
[37] ExxonMobil, ‘Activities in the United Kingdom’, pamphlet, April 2001
[38] Institute of Petroleum, Annual statistics, 1998/99, p. 6
[39] Esso / Exxon Chemical – ‘Forward focus – Graduate opportunities’, summer 1998.
[40] Esso Newsline, Feb ’98, p.5
[41] Esso video, ‘Graduate opportunities in Esso – a closer look’, 2000
[42] Evening Express, Aberdeen, 12/9/00, ‘UK in gridlock’
[43] Octane Week, 4/12/00, ‘UK weighs more tax cuts to spark sales of ultra low-sulfur gasoline’
[44] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[45] Yahoo Finance web site, http://biz.yahoo.com/hd/mf/x/xom.html, viewed 1/9/01
[46] ExxonMobil annual report 2000
[47] Esso UK plc, interim accounts, 15/3/01, from Companies House
[48] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil’s attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[49] The Times, 16/10/00, ‘Keith Taylor – obituary’
[50] Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[51] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00; Esso Exploration & Production UK Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 9/5/00; Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[52] RS Franklin (Mobil Gas Marketing) Hart’s European Offshore Petroleum Newsletter, 26/1/00, ‘Europe: Oil & gas people’
[53] Mobil North Sea Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 2/11/00
[54] Exxon Chemical Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 13/6/00
[55] ExxonMobil Aviation International Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 23/10/00
[56] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00
[57] Esso Petroleum Co Ltd, annual accounts for year ending 31/12/99, filed at Companies House 12/4/00

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Talk:Exxon Mobil: Links, contacts & resources

2007-07-10T12:19:17Z

Will:

page wikified.

Exxon Mobil: Links, contacts & resources

2007-07-10T12:18:53Z

Will:

Further Information and Resources

The Stop Esso Campaign
UK wide campaign to boycott [[Esso]] because of their abysmal climate change record. Has an excellent website with current info. The campaign is organised by [[Friends of the Earth]], [[People and Planet]] and [[Greenpeace]].
Web: www.stopesso.com
Email: info@stopesso.com

Campaign ExxonMobil
A shareholder organisation dedicated to pressing [[ExxonMobil]] to take responsibility for its role in the problem of global warming and to committing to the development of non-polluting energy sources.
South Congress
Color Color Suite 200 Austin
Texas 78704 USA
Phone (512) 479-0335
Fax (512) 479-7645 611
Web: www.campaignexxonmobil.org

[[Pressurepoint]]
Pressurepoint organised an international day of action against Esso on the 11th of June.
Pressurepoint
PO Box 95113
Seattle
WA 98145
USA
Web: www.pressurepoint.org/
Email: info@pressurepoint.org

[[Project Underground]]
www.moles.org
Monitors mining and oil companies. All issues of Drillbits & Tailings referred to above can be found on their site.

[[U.S. Public Interest Research Group]]
The Dirty Four: The Case Against Letting [[BP Amoco]], [[ExxonMobil]], [[Chevron]], and [[Phillips Petroleum]] Drill in the Arctic Refuge, By: [[Athan Manuel]],
Published in March 2001
U.S. Public Interest Research Group
U.S. PIRG
218 D St., S.E.
Washington, DC 20003
Phone 202/546-9707
Fax/546-2461
Web: www.pirg.org
E-mail: pirg@pirg.org

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]

Talk:Exxon Mobil: Influence / Lobbying

2007-07-10T12:14:54Z

Will:

page wikified.

Exxon Mobil: Influence / Lobbying

2007-07-10T12:14:25Z

Will:

==Lobbying Groups==

[[ExxonMobil]] does extensive lobbying in Washington themselves. Before the merger of [[Exxon]] and [[Mobil]], the New York Times reported that Mobil and Exxon spent $5.3 million and $5.2 million respectively on lobbying [58]. In 1999 it was estimated that ExxonMobil spent $11,695,800 on lobbying [59].

ExxonMobil spent $5.8 million on the following lobbying firms in 1999; [[Akin, Gump et al]], [[Cassidy & Assoc]], [[Gardere & Wynne]], [[Mobil Business Resources Corp]], and [[Swidler, Berlin et al]] [60].

Below some of the groups that Exxon Mobil is a member of are listed and briefly explained. This is just a very short list, and does not claim to be a comprehensive list of the most important groups.

• [[American Petroleum Institute]] (API) www.api.org
The oil industry's think-tank, explains that its 'most pressing issues revolve about public perceptions and government policies toward our industry -- many of which have international dimensions' [61], one of these issues being climate change. The institute lobbies against any action on climate change that could be perceived as a threat to the petroleum industry, and is extremely sceptical about the science behind climate change. ‘[T]he debate is about whether enough is known about climate change to warrant the lost jobs, higher consumer prices and a weakened U.S. economy that would come with implementing the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement which at best would make only slight progress toward solving climate change’ [62]. ExxonMobil is a financial supporter of the API and sits on the board. In 1998, Exxon helped API to plan its $ 7 million PR campaign to undermine confidence in the scientific consensus about climate change [63]. The API is a member of the [[Global Climate Coalition]] (see below).

• [[US Council For International Business]] www.uscib.org
'The USCIB advances the global interests of American business both at home and abroad. It is the American affiliate of the [[International Chamber of Commerce]] (ICC), the [[Business and Industry Advisory Committee]] (BIAC) to the OECD, and the [[International Organisation of Employers]] (IOE). As such, it officially represents U.S. business positions in the main intergovernmental bodies,...' [64].

After Bush's rejection of the Kyoto agreement the USCIB sent him a letter stating '[we] believe that the U.S. should move quickly to chart a farsighted path forward within the [[UNFCCC]] process that will avoid the Kyoto Protocol's unrealistic targets, timetables and lack of developing country participation' [65].

• [[European Chemical Industry Council]] (CEFIC) www.cefic.be [66]
CEFIC actively lobby the EU and at UN climate negotiations for voluntary action as the alternative to government regulation. CEFIC rejects absolute targets being imposed on the chemical industry and threatens to, ‘relocate to cap-free countries,’ warning that the end result will not help the environment and will bring massive job losses to the EU [67].

• [[The Centre for European Policy Studies]] (CEPS) www.ceps.be [68]
The Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) is a 'think tank lobby' group supporting corporate interests in the EU. CEPS formed a working group on 'EU Climate Change Policy: Priorities for COP-6' before the COP 6 meeting in Den Haag 2000. The group chaired by [[BP]]'s [[Barbara Kuryk]] aims to steer the EU away from government regulation and towards voluntary initiatives and market-based mechanisms. It also lobbies for binding CO2 reductions to include southern countries.

• [[Global Climate Coalition]] (GCC) www.globalclimate.org
A climate sceptic organisation, representing a diverse range of US businesses. The GCC argues that 'Unrealistic targets and timetables, such as those called for under the Kyoto Protocol, are not achievable without severely harming the U.S. economy and all American families, workers, seniors and children [69].'

GCC received such heavy criticism that companies such as BP, [[Ford]] and [[Texaco]] decided to leave it. Exxon however stayed a member until GCC decided that only trade associations were suitable for membership [70].

Back to top
Links with government

ExxonMobil
[[George W. Bush]] himself is an old Texas oilman. In 1977 he set up the oil company [[Arbusto Energy]] (arbusto: Spanish for bush). The company was never very successful; it changed name, went through a merger and was bought up. Bush left the oil business in the early 1990s [71]. His close ties to the oil industry were however visible when he as governor let Exxon draft the ‘voluntary’ emissions reporting system for Texas [72] (this Clean Air Programme turned out to be utterly ineffective) [73].

In 2000, ExxonMobil gave $1.2 million to the [[Republican Party]] [74]. According to the [[Center for Responsive Politics]], only [[Enron]] (a gas and electricity corporation) gave a higher amount of political donations the same year (this makes ExxonMobil the largest oil and gas donor) [75].

Bush's cabinet turned out to contain several persons with links and interests to the oil industry and ExxonMobil. Some have very direct links, such as the under secretary of economic affairs, [[Kathleen B. Cooper]], also Chief Economist and Manager of the Economics and Energy Division of ExxonMobil. Some are not direct links, like [[Dick Cheney]], secretary of state, a former CEO of [[Halliburton]], who shows a predisposition to share the views of the oil industry. The above and below examples are from Multinational Monitor's May 2001 issue ('Bush's Corporate Cabinet').

• [[Elaine Chao]], secretary of labor, was a distinguished fellow at the [[Heritage Foundation]], a right wing think-tank sponsored by among others ExxonMobil.

• [[Christine Whitmank]], environmental protection agency administrator, holds stocks in ExxonMobil and has several economic interests in the oil industry.

• [[Gale Norton]], secretary of the interior, worked at the right wing law firm [[Mountain States Legal Foundation]] from 1979 to 1983. The firm was funded by among others, Exxon, [[Amoco]], [[Chevron]] and [[Ford]]. She is the national chair of the [[Coalition for Republican Environmental Advocates]] (its steering committee includes lobbyists from the car and oil industry).

• [[Donald Evans]], secretary of commerce, whose former job was CEO for [[Tom Brown Inc.]] (a Denver based oil and gas company), and has large financial interests in several oil companies.

• [[Paul H. O'Neill]], treasury secretary, is a trustee at the [[American Enterprise Institute]] (a conservative think-tank, see lobby above) and is a director of [[Institute for International Economics]]. Both are sponsored by ExxonMobil.

• [[Robert Zoellick]], U.S. trade representative, is on the board of [[Council on Foreign Relations]], and in the advisory committee of [[Institute for International Economics]] and the [[Brookings Institute for Policy and Economic Programs]]. All three of these are sponsored by ExxonMobil.

Among the president's advisors you can also find connections to the oil industry. [[Lawrence Lindsey]], top economic advisor to the president, holds a chair at the American Enterprise Institute, [[Diana Furchgott-Roth]], staff chief to the Council of Economic advisors, is a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, and [[Nina Rees]], adviser to the vice President Cheney is a senior analyst at the [[Heritage Foundation]]. Both organisations are sponsored by ExxonMobil.

[[Esso UK]]
The most politically engaged aspect of Esso was its former UK chairman and chief executive [[Keith Taylor]]. He sat on the [[Cleaner Vehicles Task Force]], and was involved in various higher education policy roles.

Esso's Trees of Time and Place initiative invited MPs to get involved. [[John Swinney]] and [[Andrew Welsh]] both participated. [[Scottish Wildlife Trust]] is involved in co-ordinating the initiative in Scotland. [[Paddy Ashdown]] and [[John Battle]] were early joiners.

Back to top
PR Companies and Greenwash attempts
'ExxonMobil strives to be a good corporate citizen and a good neighbour wherever we do business.'
- ExxonMobil's homepage [76]

ExxonMobil likes to point out its great social responsibility and its contributions to the environment. Information about who they sponsor can be found at www.exxonmobil.com/community. They also list institutions that they have sponsored, among them several lobby groups and right-wing/conservative think tanks.

The first sponsorship they mention is their support for tiger conservation. This is an important part of ExxonMobil's image, since the tiger is also the company's mascot. However, one of the greatest threats to the tiger could turn out to be loss of habitat due to stress caused by climate change.

ExxonMobil also give a lot of support to education. Some of this sponsorship has come under criticism for being more promotional material than educational material. [[The Center for Commercial-Free Public Education]] writes: ‘Some teachers were duped by Exxon's lesson plan about the healthy, flourishing wildlife in Prince William Sound, Alaska, which showed beautiful eagles, frolicking sea otters, and sea birds in their habitat. In reality, the program was a public relations vehicle designed to help Exxon clean up its image after the Valdez oil spill [77].’

Below is a sample of the organisations that ExxonMobil supports (full list at www.exxonmobil.com/community).

• [[The American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research]] (Washington, D.C.) is a conservative think-tank. Among other things, it has published the book The Bell Curve by [[Charles Murray]] & [[Richard Hernstein]], one of the most prominent racist books published. The book made ‘scientific’ claims that black people are less intelligent than white people.

• [[The American Legislative Exchange Council]] (Washington, D.C.) is a right wing organisation that lobbies state legislators

• [[The Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change]] (Tempe, Arizona) promotes climate sceptic ideas. Their homepage (www.co2science.org) blatantly shows their aggressively anti climate science stance.

• [[The Citizens for a Sound Economy Educational Foundation]] (Washington, D.C.) promotes market solutions for economic and social problems.

• [[Foundation for Research on Economics and the Environment]], Bozeman, Montana, is working against environmental legislation. It gives seminars that resemble free luxury vacations for judges to promote their ideas [78].

• [[The Heartland Institute]] (Chicago, Illinois) is an archconservative think tank.

• [[The Heritage Foundation]] (Washington, D.C.) is an ultra conservative organisation promoting ‘traditional American values’, free enterprise, a strong national defence, and drilling in the Arctic wildlife refuge, among other things.

• [[The Hoover Institution]] (Stanford, California) promotes its antipathy against federal social welfare and questions the science behind global warming. [[Michael J. Boskin]] (Member of the ExxonMobil board) is a Senior Fellow at the institute.

• [[The Manhattan Institute for Policy Research]] (New York, N.Y.) argues for cuts in welfare, medical and health spending, and for privatisation and deregulation of environmental and consumer protection.

• [[The Political Economy Research Center]] (Bozeman, Montana) is a conservative organisation challenging environmental regulation.

Back to top
Influencing Research and Education

Worldwide
ExxonMobil invests more than $650 million per year on research and development [79].

UK
Former [[Esso UK]] chairman and chief executive [[Keith Taylor]], according to the Times, personally championed Esso's higher education support scheme and engineering fellowships. He was visiting professor at Surrey University, member of [[Higher Education Funding Council]] for England [80]. The University of Birmingham gave an Honorary Doctor of Engineering to Keith Taylor in early 1997, when he was joint chair of the university's chemical engineering senior advisory group [81].

[[Esso]] uses [[London Business School]] to train all graduate recruits, an absolute key to their corporate culture.

All university applicants for the exploration division must attend 8-week summer work experience in Leatherhead, during their last summer vacation. This summer programme has the ‘full support’ of the [[Natural Environment Research Council]] (NERC) [82].

A few miscellaneous connections:

• Esso sponsors fellowships in chemical engineering - these are worth £6000 for the first year, declining over the following four, in return for which Esso expects some of the fellow's time. One of the Esso fellowships was awarded to [[Dr. David Faraday]] at Surrey University, who had previously arranged industrial placements for his students with Esso [83].

• [[Professor Graeme Simpson]], the first Schlumberger Chair of Energy Industry Management at Aberdeen, was formerly Business Opportunities Group Manager with [[Esso Exploration]] and [[Petroleum UK]] [84].

• [[Heriot-Watt University]] has an Esso Teaching Resources Facility, (£15,000 from Esso), which underpins a communications skills module for chemistry undergraduates [85].

• [[Loughborough University]] was awarded £8,600 by Esso Higher Education Support Scheme for a project to develop computer based teaching material [86].

• [[University of Wales]], Swansea has an Esso Lecture Theatre in its Department of Engineering.

• [[John Avery]], formerly of [[Esso Petroleum]], went on to become head of Real Estate Management at the [[HEFCE]] (the Higher Education Funding Council for England), where he was responsible for a capital budget of £100m, leading HEFCE's work in promoting private finance in higher education [87].

• The Geology and Petroleum Geology at [[Aberdeen University]] - staff include [88]: [[Dr AJ Hartley]], the Mobil Lecturer in Production Geoscience; [[Dr Tim Reston]], the Mobil Lecturer in Structural Geology. There are also research fellows sponsored by Mobil.

• The [[University of Dundee]] has a Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy (CEPMLP), whose Assistant Director of the Centre [[Armando Zamora]] previously worked for Mobil Oil [89]. Part-time and honorary teaching staff include [[Richard Beazley]] (President, Mobil CIS) [90].

• At the [[University of Nottingham]], Esso offers one bursary of £500 each year to Mechanical Engineering students, and BP £1,500 to Chemical Engineering students, both awarded at the start of the second year and renewable in the final year [91].

The [[Greenpeace International]] report called 'Exxon Valdez - a case of corporate virtual reality' by [[Andrew Rowell]] explains how Exxon used 3 British academics to help explain that Prince William Sound is just fine after the Exxon Valdez accident. See case study below. The full report is available online at: www.greenpeace.org/~climate/arctic99/reports/exxon2.pdf.

CASE STUDY: The Exxon Valdez spill damage

After the grounding of the Exxon Valdez oil tanker off Alaska in March 1989, Exxon flew three British scientists out to the scene to assess the damage: [[Prof Robert Clark]] (Dept of Zoology, [[University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne]]), [[Dr Paul Kingston]] (Inst of Offshore Engineering, [[Heriot-Watt University]]) and [[Dr Jenny Baker]] (consultant).

Clark, Kingston and Baker released a report in 1990, which argued that ‘The overall impact of the oil spill on the environment in Prince William Sound and the Gulf of Alaska is likely to be short-lived’. For example, it claimed that ‘Animals may accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons while their environment is oily, but they subsequently purge themselves in a relatively short time and return to normal levels. It is important to understand that oil is not like pesticides, mercury and other substances that cannot be metabolised, cannot be excreted, and thus build up in the flesh’ [92].

In June 1990, Prof Clark said ‘Oil spills create a big mess. They cause short-term damage, but the long-term effects are nil’ [93]. In a 1991 article, Clark observed that ‘The effects of the cleanup, coupled with the scouring action of winter storms, left the shoreline largely free of oil by the spring of 1990.... There is evidence that [the] remaining oil is neither toxic nor harmful’ [94]. Looking at particular species, Clark notes for example that in 1990 ‘sea otters are still abundant in the sound and, with their high reproductive rate, can rapidly reverse whatever losses they sustained’. Of murres (seabirds), Clark states that in the northeast Atlantic their population has mushroomed despite losses from oil pollution, and he expects the same to be the case in Prince William Sound (PWS) [95].

By contrast, the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] estimated in autumn 1992 that 12% of the total oil spilled still remained in sub-tidal sediments, and 3% on the beaches [96]. [[Rick Steiner]], an Associate Professor at the [[University of Alaska]], commented that ‘Four years after the spill, oil still remains trapped in mussel mats in the inter-tidal zone, being picked up into the food chain’ [97]. The [[Exxon Valdez Oil Spill State/Federal Trustee Council]] is now sponsoring a research team to find out how much Oil is still left. During the summer 2001, the group could still easily find oil by digging 15 centimetres into the beach [98]. The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees expect direct damage to wilderness to continue for decades [99].

An overview of the scientific studies of sea otters reported that ‘By late 1991, three findings indicated that chronic damages were limiting recovery of the sea otter population in PWS: patterns of mortality were abnormal when compared to prespill data, surveys showed no increase in abundance, and juvenile survival was low in oiled areas of western PWS’ [100]. According to the Trustees, by 1993 there was still little or no evidence of recovery of the sea otter population, which may take decades [101]. The number of breeding murres fell by up to 70%, and there was complete reproductive failure in 1989, 1990 and 1991 [[102]; the Trustees suggest that it may take a century for the population to recover, if at all [103].

Thus the views put forward by Baker, Clark and Kingston are not shared by all scientists of marine pollution. In fact, the three are known as 'sceptics' with regard to the ecological damage caused by oil spills (their main point being that oil spills' effects are short-term, and do not significantly impact upon populations or ecosystems in the longer term), and have written extensively on the subject since at least the early 1980s. Kingston is part of the Institute of Offshore Engineering at Heriot-Watt University, most of whose work is for the oil and gas industry, and Kingston himself ‘has worked on most major North Sea petroleum developments’[104] .

Because their views are 'friendly' is at least partly why Exxon chose these three to assess the Valdez damage. But more cynically, [[Otto Harrison]], Exxon's Director of Operations in Alaska, told an Institute of Petroleum conference in London that Exxon had used British scientists because the American public would find a scientific message more credible and more impressive if spoken in an English accent [105].

Back to top

References
[58] Leslie Wayne, Companies Used to Getting Their Way, New York Times, December 4, 1998
[59] The Center for Responsive Politics' web site, www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/client.asp?ID=92872&year=1999, viewed 23.08.01
[60] Ibid
[61] American Petroleum Institute's web site, www.api.org/about/aboutindex.htm, viewed 31/08/01
[62] American Petroleum Institute's web site, www.api.org/globalclimate/bigpicture.htm, viewed 31/08/01
[63] The Case Against Esso, a Stop Esso campaign briefing available at www.stopesso.com/about.htm
[64] United States Council for International Business' website, www.uscib.org/dkpuscib.asp
[65] United States Council for International Business' website, www.uscib.org/bushclim.asp
[66] Greenhouse Market Mania-UN climate talks corrupted by corporate pseudo-solutions, CEO, November 2000, available at, www.xs4all.nl/~ceo/greenhouse/index.html
[67] CEFIC, ‘Climate Policies and the Chemical Industry’, June 1999
[68] CEFIC, ‘Climate Policies and the Chemical Industry’, June 1999
[69] Global Climate Coalitions' www.globalclimate.org/climscience.htm
[70] The Case Against Esso, a Stop Esso campaign briefing available at www.stopesso.com/about.htm
[71] The Center for Responsive Politics' web site, www.opensecrets.org/bush/cabinet.asp#1
[72] The Greening of George W. Bush (The Governor's 'Clean Air' Bill Hasn't Cleaned Up Texas' Air), by Louise Dubose, 27/10/2000
www.auschron.com/issues/dispatch/2000-10-27/pols_feature9.html
[73] A Decade of Dirty Tricks, ExxonMobil's attempts to stop the world tackling climate change, a briefing by Greenpeace (July 2001), online at www.stopesso.com/pdf/Dirty%20Tricks.pdf
[74] ExxonMobil's web site, www.exxonmobil.com/em_newsrelease
[75] The Center for Responsive Politics' web site, www.opensecrets.org/industries/contrib.asp?Ind=E01, viewed 23.08.01
[76] ExxonMobil's web site, www.exxonmobil.com/community/
[77] The Center for Commercial-Free Public Education's web site, www.commercialfree.org/sem.html, viewed 23.08.01
[78] www.mediatransparency.org/recipients/free.htm
[79] ExxonMobil annual report 2001, p. 5
[80] The Times, 16/10/00, 'Keith Taylor - obituary'
[81] Lynne Williams, 'Honorary degrees / noticeboard', in THES #1266, 7/2/97, p.30
[82] ExxonMobil, 'We cover a lot of ground', recruitment brochure, 2000
[83] Lloyds List Energy Day - Recruitment & Training - 'Strategies for major change', 23/3/98, p.10
[84] Lynne Williams, 'Chairs / noticeboard' in THES #1295, 29/8/97, p.26
[85] Olga Wojtas, 'Chemists to make complex simple', in THES, no.1241, 16/8/96, p.7
[86] THES, 'Motor math', in no.1227, 10/5/96, p. SP/2
[87] Managing HE, Issue 1, Winter 1995 (pub. Hobsons)
[88] University of Aberdeen, Department of Geology & Petroleum Geology, 'Staff directory', on worldwide website www.abdn.ac.uk/geology/staff/staffdir.htm, viewed 8/10/98
[89] University of Dundee, 'Armando Zamora', on website, www.dundee.ac.uk/petroleumlaw/html/zamora.htm, viewed 5/2/99
[90] University of Dundee, 'CEPMLP profile', on website, www.dundee.ac.uk/petroleumlaw/html/profile.htm,viewed 5/2/99
[91] University of Nottingham, 'Scholarships open to Undergraduate Students', pp. E-46 - E.48, 1996/97
[92] Dr Jenifer Baker, Prof Robert Clark & Dr Paul Kingston, Environmental Recovery in Prince William Sound and the Gulf of Alaska, June 1990, commissioned by Exxon, pp.3, 9 (pub. Institute of Offshore Engineering, Heriot-Watt University)
[93] Reuter News Service, 'Exxon scientists see Alaska oil spill recovery', 14/6/90; quoted in Andrew Rowell, 'The Exxon Valdez - a case of corporate virtual reality', March 1994, p.16 (pub. Greenpeace International)
[94] Robert Clark, 'Recovery: the untold story of Valdez spill', in Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy, Winter 1991, pp. 24-26
[95] ibid.
[96] Golob's Oil Pollution Bulletin, 'Exxon claims ecosystem has recovered from Exxon Valdez', in vol.V no.11, 7/5/93; quoted in Rowell, op.cit., p.15
[97] Rick Steiner, 'Lessons from Alaska for Shetland - lessons from both for the world', 1993; quoted in Rowell, op.cit., p.15
[98] Scientists still finding oil after 1989 Exxon Valdez spill, by DOUG O'HARRA, Anchorage Daily News, www.nandotimes.com/nation/story/43784p-681103c.html
[99] Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration plan - summary of alternatives for public comment, supplement to draft, Anchorage, June 1993, B17; quoted in Rowell, op.cit.,p.15
[100] Brenda Ballachey & James Bodkin (both of Alaska Fish & Wildlife Research Centre, National Biological Survey, Anchorage), & Anthony De Gange
[101] Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, op.cit.
[102] Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees, Exxon Valdez oil spill restoration - Volume 1 - restoration framework, Anchorage, April 1992, pp.31-32; quoted in Rowell, op.cit., p.13
[103] Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, op.cit., B9
[104] Baker, Clark & Kingston, op. cit., p.12 - About the authors
[105] Otto Harrison (of Exxon), 'Lessons from the Exxon Valdez', lecture to Institute of Petroleum, 4/3/92; cited in Rowell, op.cit., p.25

[[Category:Transnational Corporations]][[Category:Oil Industry]]