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	<updated>2026-08-18T13:20:50Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201988</id>
		<title>The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201988"/>
		<updated>2014-10-29T14:56:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The '''Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust''' is a UK grant making charity controlled by one branch of the wealthy Wolfson family. The charity was created by a Trust Deed dated 14 July 1960 and was registered as a UK charity on 8 January 1965. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Charity framework.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Charity framework, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; As at 8 July 2010 the trustees were [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher's]] former Chief of Staff [[David Wolfson]], his two sons [[Simon Wolfson|Simon]] and [[Andrew Wolfson|Andrew]], and [[Sara Leven]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Contact &amp;amp; Trustees.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Contact &amp;amp; trustees, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust's original founder, [[Charles Wolfson]], was [[David Wolfson|David Wolfson's]] father &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U40467 WOLFSON OF SUNNINGDALE]’, ''Who's Who 2010'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2010; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2009 ; online edn, Nov 2009, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and the brother of [[Isaac Wolfson]] who was chairman of [[Great Universal Stores]] and co-founder of the [[Wolfson Foundation]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U176348 WOLFSON, Sir Isaac]’, ''Who Was Who'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Funding==&lt;br /&gt;
The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided a total of £45,000 to [[Civitas]] between 2006 and 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2006. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2007. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided £75,000 to [[Policy Exchange]] in 2007&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and £143,666 in 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust’s donations are not declared in its 2009 or 2010 accounts. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Trust paid £75,000 to Policy Exchange in 2011 and £601,000 in 2012.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20120405_E_C.pdf Financial Statements], Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2012, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 2013, Policy Exchange refunded £63,040. These payments were recorded as related party transactions because Lord Wolfson of Apsley Guise was a Policy Exchange trustee.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20130405_E_C.pdf  Financial Statements], The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2013, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trust has funded other right-wing think-tanks including [[Civitas]], the [[Social Affairs Unit]], the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]] and the [[Adam Smith Research Trust]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23-4. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statesments 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and has also funded pro-Israel groups like the [[Israel-Diaspora Trust]] and the [[Anglo-Israel Association]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April &lt;br /&gt;
2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2003 the Guardian newspaper reported:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust made payments of £220,000 in 2000-01, and £230,000 the previous year, to a firm of solicitors of which trustee [[John Franks]] was a consultant. [[Lord Wolfson of Sunningdale]], another trustee, said that Franks did not receive any remuneration for the work done on behalf of the charity and that the work of the law firm was costed against other firms. &amp;quot;We discussed this recently with the charity commission, as part of one of their random visits, and they were satisfied that this was an arm's-length transaction,&amp;quot; said Wolfson.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick McCurry, [http://www.theguardian.com/society/2003/feb/19/charityfinance.guardiansocietysupplement 'Matter of trust'], ''The Guardian'', 19 February 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==People==&lt;br /&gt;
===Trustees===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simon Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sara Levene]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andrew Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[David Wolfson]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://opencharities.org/charities/238043 Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust], Open Charities. Accessed 27 March 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
:Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust&lt;br /&gt;
:8/10 Hallam Street&lt;br /&gt;
:London, W1W 6NS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservative movement]][[Category:Civitas]][[Category:Foundations]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201439</id>
		<title>The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201439"/>
		<updated>2014-10-27T11:49:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The '''Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust''' is a UK grant making charity controlled by one branch of the wealthy Wolfson family. The charity was created by a Trust Deed dated 14 July 1960 and was registered as a UK charity on 8 January 1965. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Charity framework.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Charity framework, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; As at 8 July 2010 the trustees were [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher's]] former Chief of Staff [[David Wolfson]], his two sons [[Simon Wolfson|Simon]] and [[Andrew Wolfson|Andrew]], and [[Sara Leven]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Contact &amp;amp; Trustees.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Contact &amp;amp; trustees, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust's original founder, [[Charles Wolfson]], was [[David Wolfson|David Wolfson's]] father &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U40467 WOLFSON OF SUNNINGDALE]’, ''Who's Who 2010'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2010; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2009 ; online edn, Nov 2009, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and the nephew of [[Isaac Wolfson]] who was chairman of [[Great Universal Stores]] and co-founder of the [[Wolfson Foundation]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U176348 WOLFSON, Sir Isaac]’, ''Who Was Who'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Funding==&lt;br /&gt;
The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided a total of £45,000 to [[Civitas]] between 2006 and 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2006. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2007. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided £75,000 to [[Policy Exchange]] in 2007&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and £143,666 in 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust’s donations are not declared in its 2009 or 2010 accounts. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Trust paid £75,000 to Policy Exchange in 2011 and £601,000 in 2012.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20120405_E_C.pdf Financial Statements], Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2012, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 2013, Policy Exchange refunded £63,040. These payments were recorded as related party transactions because Lord Wolfson of Apsley Guise was a Policy Exchange trustee.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20130405_E_C.pdf  Financial Statements], The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2013, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trust has funded other right-wing think-tanks including [[Civitas]], the [[Social Affairs Unit]], the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]] and the [[Adam Smith Research Trust]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23-4. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statesments 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and has also funded pro-Israel groups like the [[Israel-Diaspora Trust]] and the [[Anglo-Israel Association]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April &lt;br /&gt;
2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2003 the Guardian newspaper reported:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust made payments of £220,000 in 2000-01, and £230,000 the previous year, to a firm of solicitors of which trustee [[John Franks]] was a consultant. [[Lord Wolfson of Sunningdale]], another trustee, said that Franks did not receive any remuneration for the work done on behalf of the charity and that the work of the law firm was costed against other firms. &amp;quot;We discussed this recently with the charity commission, as part of one of their random visits, and they were satisfied that this was an arm's-length transaction,&amp;quot; said Wolfson.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick McCurry, [http://www.theguardian.com/society/2003/feb/19/charityfinance.guardiansocietysupplement 'Matter of trust'], ''The Guardian'', 19 February 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==People==&lt;br /&gt;
===Trustees===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simon Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sara Levene]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andrew Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[David Wolfson]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://opencharities.org/charities/238043 Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust], Open Charities. Accessed 27 March 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
:Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust&lt;br /&gt;
:8/10 Hallam Street&lt;br /&gt;
:London, W1W 6NS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservative movement]][[Category:Civitas]][[Category:Foundations]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201431</id>
		<title>The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=The_Charles_Wolfson_Charitable_Trust&amp;diff=201431"/>
		<updated>2014-10-27T11:37:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The '''Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust''' is a UK grant making charity controlled by one branch of the wealthy Wolfson family. The charity was created by a Trust Deed dated 14 July 1960 and was registered as a UK charity on 8 January 1965. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Charity framework.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Charity framework, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; As at 8 July 2010 the trustees were [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher's]] former Chief of Staff [[David Wolfson]], his two sons [[Simon Wolfson|Simon]] and [[Andrew Wolfson|Andrew]], and [[Sara Leven]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust - Contact &amp;amp; Trustees.JPG|Screengrab]] of Charity Commission, The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust &amp;gt; Contact &amp;amp; trustees, created 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust's original founder, [[Charles Wolfson]], was [[David Wolfson|David Wolfson's]] father &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U40467 WOLFSON OF SUNNINGDALE]’, ''Who's Who 2010'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2010; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2009 ; online edn, Nov 2009, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and the nephew of [[Isaac Wolfson]] who was chairman of [[Great Universal Stores]] and established the [[Wolfson Foundation]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U176348 WOLFSON, Sir Isaac]’, ''Who Was Who'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007, accessed 8 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Funding==&lt;br /&gt;
The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided a total of £45,000 to [[Civitas]] between 2006 and 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2006. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2007. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Financial Statements 5 April 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust provided £75,000 to [[Policy Exchange]] in 2007&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and £143,666 in 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Trust’s donations are not declared in its 2009 or 2010 accounts. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Trust paid £75,000 to Policy Exchange in 2011 and £601,000 in 2012.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20120405_E_C.pdf Financial Statements], Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2012, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 2013, Policy Exchange refunded £63,040. These payments were recorded as related party transactions because Lord Wolfson of Apsley Guise was a Policy Exchange trustee.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends43/0000238043_AC_20130405_E_C.pdf  Financial Statements], The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, 5 April 2013, p.20.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trust has funded other right-wing think-tanks including [[Civitas]], the [[Social Affairs Unit]], the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]] and the [[Adam Smith Research Trust]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April 2007, p.23-4. Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statesments 5 April 2008, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and has also funded pro-Israel groups like the [[Israel-Diaspora Trust]] and the [[Anglo-Israel Association]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust, Financial statements 5 April &lt;br /&gt;
2007, p.23.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2003 the Guardian newspaper reported:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust made payments of £220,000 in 2000-01, and £230,000 the previous year, to a firm of solicitors of which trustee [[John Franks]] was a consultant. [[Lord Wolfson of Sunningdale]], another trustee, said that Franks did not receive any remuneration for the work done on behalf of the charity and that the work of the law firm was costed against other firms. &amp;quot;We discussed this recently with the charity commission, as part of one of their random visits, and they were satisfied that this was an arm's-length transaction,&amp;quot; said Wolfson.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick McCurry, [http://www.theguardian.com/society/2003/feb/19/charityfinance.guardiansocietysupplement 'Matter of trust'], ''The Guardian'', 19 February 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==People==&lt;br /&gt;
===Trustees===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simon Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sara Levene]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andrew Wolfson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[David Wolfson]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://opencharities.org/charities/238043 Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust], Open Charities. Accessed 27 March 2014.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
:Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust&lt;br /&gt;
:8/10 Hallam Street&lt;br /&gt;
:London, W1W 6NS&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Conservative movement]][[Category:Civitas]][[Category:Foundations]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Jay&amp;diff=194844</id>
		<title>Peter Jay</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Jay&amp;diff=194844"/>
		<updated>2014-04-23T15:44:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* 1979–2009 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;CENTER&amp;gt;''“I am absolutely not indifferent to money. I love money and I'm very keen to have money.”'' – Peter Jay &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/CENTER&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Peter Jay on the Money Programme.jpg|thumb|280px|right|Peter Jay on the ''Money Programme''.]]&lt;br /&gt;
'''Peter Jay''' (born 7 February 1937) is a British journalist who was an early advocate for neoliberal economics and was particularly influential in this regard during the 1970s. Along with his friend [[John Birt]] (the former Director-General of the [[BBC]]) Jay is also well known as an outspoken advocate of high brow analytical journalism – as apposed to the adversarial style (at least theoretically) favoured by current affairs journalists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==1937–67: Early life, education and civil service==&lt;br /&gt;
Jay was born on 7 February 1937, the son of [[Douglas Jay|Douglas]] and [[Peggy Jay|Margaret (Peggy) Jay]] (née Garnett). Both his parents were Labour Party politicians although they came from privileged liberal, rather than socialist, backgrounds. The ''Observer'' describes Jay as being born to ‘Hampstead Royalty’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay recalls that his father was an ‘egalitarian and a social reformer’ but was ‘passionately anti-Marxist’ and an imperialist who ‘thought the British Empire in its way, in its time, had been a glorious thing’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In the 1960s he argued that the Labour Party should abandon nationalisation and its 'working class image'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andy Beckett, When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies (London: Faber &amp;amp; Faber, 2009) p.337&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay attended the Dragon school, a private prep school in Oxford, and then Winchester College, a prestigious private school attended by his grandfather, his father, and later his son. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; After school he served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve as Midshipman and was promoted to Sub-Lieutenant. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He then attended Oxford University where he took a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics and was President of the Student Union. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay later commented that despite focusing almost entirely on philosophy: ‘I subsequently passed myself off as an economist which was a bit of a cheek really because I rather neglected my economic studies when doing PPE.’ &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; At Oxford he was reportedly called ‘the cleverest young man in England’ by his Tutors, to which he responded: ‘Is there someone cleverer in Wales?’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After graduating in 1960, Jay took the Civil Service exam and in January 1961 joined the Treasury where he spent six years. In 1961 he married [[Margaret Jay|Margaret Callaghan]], daughter of the future Prime Minister [[Jim Callaghan]], who was then the shadow chancellor. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The couple had met at University and would divorce after a high profile separation on the late 1970s. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==1967–1977: Media, Monetarism and the ‘Mission to Explain’==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Peter Jay in Tory Tory Tory.JPG|thumb|280px|right|Peter Jay in the [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory''.]]&lt;br /&gt;
In 1967 Jay left the civil service to join ''[[The Times]]'' as its economics editor. He worked at the paper for ten years, during which time he was also associate editor of its business news. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay says his appointment was the result of a conversation with a [[BBC]] producer at a New Year’s Eve Party in 1966/7 (Jay’s wife was also a [[BBC]] producer). The producer asked if Jay had ever thought of being a journalist and the next day recommended him to [[William Rees-Mogg]] who had been appointed editor in waiting after a takeover of ''[[The Times]]''. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' [[William Rees-Mogg]] states: ‘I asked him to join ''[[The Times]]'', which he agreed to do and about a year later I asked him to go as the economic correspondent of ''[[The Times]]'' to the United States, because I felt that the economic weather was coming across the Atlantic and that if we covered what was happening in America we might get right what was going to happen next in Britain.’ &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!: The Outsiders'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In the US, Jay was introduced to right-wing ‘free market’ economics by a friend from the British Embassy. Jay told the [[BBC]] his friend ‘had made it his job to get very close to the American economists including the Chicago based people, and he began to open my eyes to what the Chicago based people were saying; what [[Milton Friedman]] was saying…’ &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!: The Outsiders'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay told the journalist and author Andy Beckett:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;I visited the [[Chicago School of Economics|University of Chicago]], the [[Hoover Institution|Hoover Institute]] in Standford, the Federal Reserve in St Louis, the great centres of monetarism... I met [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]]. He's a very attractive character. He has that wonderful Jewish humour and intellectuality. He became a good friend. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andy Beckett, When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies (London: Faber &amp;amp; Faber, 2009) p.338&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Under the influence of the Chicago school, Jay came to believe that, in his words, ‘there was some kind of fundamental crisis in the assumptions on which economic policy had been up until then largely conducted. In which case a different approach, or something, was needed.’ &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; That ‘something’ turned out to be the political project now known as neoliberalism, which then tended to be referred to as ‘monetarism’ because of the movement’s focus at that time on the theoretical link between, unemployment, inflation and the money supply. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Along with [[Samuel Brittan]] at the ''[[Financial Times]]'', Jay used his newspaper column to promote the new monetarist ideology in Britain. Recalling this period [[Samuel Brittan|Brittan]] writes:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;In the middle years of the 1970s, Peter Jay, who was then economic editor of ''[[The Times]]'', and I were regarded by many in the British economic establishment as two terrible monetarist twins because of our scepticism of the Heath dash for growth… Jay and I had slightly different starting points. Nevertheless, unlike many purely technical monetarists, Jay never flinched from the implications of the new (or rediscovered) ideas on the ultimate futility of traditional full employment policies - witness his role in James Callaghan's famous speech to the 1976 Labour Conference in which the former Prime Minister delivered his much-cited speech about governments not being able to spend their way to prosperity. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Samuel Brittan, A professional autobiography, [http://www.samuelbrittan.co.uk/biography16.html The 'Jay-Brittan' Period], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Samuel Brittan|Brittan]] is here referring to the fact that Jay wrote portions of Callaghan's speech to the 1976 Labour Party conference, including a famous segment which stated: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;We used to think that you could spend your way out of a recession and increase employment by cutting taxes and boosting government spending. I tell you in all candour that that option no longer exists, and in so far as it ever did exist, it only worked on each occasion since the war by injecting a bigger dose of inflation into the economy, followed by a higher level of unemployment as the next step.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;quoted in '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3288907.stm Jim Callaghan: A life in quotes]', BBC News Online, 26 March, 2005&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:James Callaghan.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[James Callaghan]] who, along with the Chancellor [[Denis Healey]], was privately advised by Peter Jay during the Labour government of the 1970s &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andy Beckett, ''When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies'' (London: Faber &amp;amp; Faber, 2009) p.339&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to Jay he had originally penned a section of the speech which read: 'The way forward for socialists is... to change the role of labour so it becomes entrepreneurial,' and another early passage which pronounced that, 'Keynesianism has no future. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andy Beckett, ''When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies'' (London: Faber &amp;amp; Faber, 2009) p.339&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Though these passages were not included in the final speech, the speech as it was delievered is taken by some historians as the watershed which marks the end of the Keynesian post-war period and the beginning of the neoliberal period. In other words the point at which governments abandoned social democracy for a more explicitly right-wing and pro-business stance. On 10 December that year [[Milton Friedman]] told the BBC's ''Money Programme'' he thought the speech was a 'most hopeful sign' and 'one of the most remarkable talks - speeches - which any government leader has ever given.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andy Beckett, ''When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies'' (London: Faber &amp;amp; Faber, 2009) p.336&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An oft-repeated anecdote from Jay's period at ''[[The Times]]'' is an incident when a sub-editor said he found one of his articles difficult to follow. Jay replied: 'I only wrote this piece for three people – the editor of ''[[The Times]]'', the Governor of the Bank of England, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;quoted e.g. in Sebastian Shakespeare, '[http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2008/12/women-oddie-jay-gay-atheist Shakespeare’s Globe]', ''New Statesman'', 11 December 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
During this period at ''[[The Times]]'', Jay also became involved in television. From 1972 to 1977 he was a presenter on LWT’s high brow current affairs programme ''[[Weekend World]]'' which was created by Jay’s friend, the future [[BBC]] Director-General, [[John Birt]]. Whilst at [[LWT]], Jay and [[John Birt|Birt]] developed a critique of television news and current affairs which appeared in a series of editorials printed in ''[[The Times]]'' in 1975/6. They argued that television had a ‘bias against understanding’ and that television producers should recruit journalists with special expertise and develop a more analytical style. What became known as the ‘[[mission to explain]]’ formed the intellectual rationale for a series of changes to BBC editorial practises in News and Current Affairs under [[John Birt]]. In 1977 after the [[Annan Committee]] criticised BBC News and Current Affairs, the [[BBC]] Chairman [[Michael Swann]] invited Jay and [[John Birt|Birt]] to the [[BBC]] to give him their views on broadcasting. According to a member of the BBC management team quoted in ''The Battle for the BBC'': 'The governors came quite close to the proposition that maybe we should bring these lads in and have them do a number on news and current affairs'. In the event the Director-General [[Charles Curran]] vetoed this suggestion but a paper was distributed to all the Governors detailing Jay and [[John Birt|Birt's]] theory. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Steven Barnett &amp;amp; Andrew Curry, ''The Battle for the BBC: A British Broadcasting Conspiracy?'' (London: Aurum Press, 1994) p.79&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
During the 1970s Jay also fronted an ITV series called ''The Jay Interview''. The programme ran for two series, each consisting of six hour long episodes broadcast late on Sunday evenings. The first series, on which [[John Birt]] worked as Executive Producer, was broadcast in 1975 and consisted of interviews with liberal intellectuals like the philosopher [[Isaiah Berlin]], the Keynesian economist [[James Meade]] and the moral philosopher [[Bernard Williams]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;see BFI Film &amp;amp; TV Database, [http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/series/34655 The JAY INTERVIEW], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The second series, broadcast in 1976 and produced by the then left wing journalist [[John Lloyd]], consciously embraced more marginal figures. It was entitled ‘Alternatives to Liberal Democracy’ and included an interview with the anarchist intellectual [[Noam Chomsky]] and the Marxist historian [[Eric Hobsbawm]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ibid.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==1977–1979: Ambassador to Washington==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1977 Jay was appointed Ambassador to Washington by [[David Owen]], the right-wing Labour Foreign Secretary who later split the party under [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher]] by co-founding the [[Social Democratic Party]]. According to Jay, [[David Owen|Owen]] was suspicious of the senior Foreign Office officials and had come to believe that there was a ‘circle or network’ of civil servants from which he was excluded. [[David Owen|Owen]] explained to Jay that ‘the only way he could be sure that some such exclusive network was not operating without his knowledge, was by appointing somebody whom he could, in this respect, completely trust to a key position in the network.’ &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The appointment of Jay was highly controversial because of his marriage to the daughter of the Labour leader. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay was posted to Washington from the summer of 1977 to the summer of 1979, staying on for a month after the Labour government was ousted by the Conservatives. According to Jay’s account he was removed as Ambassador because of the media’s expectation of a change under [[Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; During his time in Washington, Jay was tennis partners with US National Security Advisor [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Eileen Keerdoja, Jane Whitmore &amp;amp; Allan J. Mayer, 'Ambassador Jay', Newsweek, 15 May 1978; p.18&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; as well as the then Director of the [[CIA]] and his successor:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The [[CIA]] was a most important relationship. I used to play tennis most mornings at seven o’clock, with [[Stansfield Turner|Stan Turner]], who was the Director of the [[CIA]]. We didn’t discuss very secret things over the tennis court, or over our breakfast afterwards, but it was an important relationship. And not only the [[CIA]], but also the other shadowy agencies… [[William Webster|Bill Webster]] was another tennis partner. He was the Director of the [[FBI]] before he became director of the [[CIA]]. But also agencies like the NSA and NPIC - all those sorts of organisations that are the equivalent of GCHQ. I don’t think we have an equivalent of NPIC. But NPIC was very important. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Churchill College Cambridge, British Diplomatic Oral History Programme (BDOHP), [http://www.chu.cam.ac.uk/archives/collections/BDOHP/Jay_Peter.pdf Peter Jay interviewed on 24 February 2006 by Malcolm McBain], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==1979–2009==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1979 Jay joined the [[Economist Group]] as a consultant and from 1979 to 1983 was director of the [[Economist Intelligence Unit]], the business intelligence firm affiliation with ''[[The Economist]]'' magazine. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; From 1979 to 1980 he was also appointed a Visiting Scholar at the US think-tank the [[Brookings Institution]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ibid.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1980 Jay presented a series of studio discussions to accompany the broadcast of [[Milton Friedman|Milton Friedman’s]] neoliberal polemic ''[[Free to Choose]]''. The 10-part television documentary was produced by the British company [[Video Arts Television]] after [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] and his collaborator [[Bob Chitester]] had failed to find a production team in the US considered sufficiently sympathetic to their philosophy. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) pp.475-6&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] bought the rights to six of the programmes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.499&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Five were broadcast with studio discussions with [[Milton Friedman]] hosted by Jay. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;According to the BBC Motion Gallery the title of each segment and the date of its broadcast were as follows: ''Free to Choose:1:Power of Markets'' (16 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:2: The Tyranny of Control'' (23 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:3:Anatomy of Crisis'' (1 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:4: Created Equal'' (8 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:5: Who Protects the Consumer?'' (15 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:6: How to Cure Inflation'' (22 March 1980). All but ''Power of Markets'', were broadcast with discussions hosted by Jay&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In March 1980 Jay was approached by David Frost to head a bid for the ITV breakfast franchise. Jay agreed and headed what became [[TV-am]] until 1983 when he was forced to resign amid criticisms of his management style. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Moving Image Communications Ltd, [http://www.milibrary.com/html/tv-am_timeline.html TV-am Timeline] [Accessed 22 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; According to the ''Observer'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[Jay] won the franchise and launched the station with much ballyhoo about its 'mission to explain' and its Famous Five presenters (David Frost, Angela Rippon, Michael Parkinson, Anna Ford and Robert Kee). Viewers turned off in droves. A month after the launch, the ratings were down to 400,000 and Jay resigned, stabbed not in the back but in the front by his co-director and former friend [[Jonathan Aitken]] in a boardroom coup. [[Greg Dyke]] stepped in to save the station with Roland Rat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Jay, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1981 Jay gave MacTaggart Memorial Lecture, the keynote address at the Edinburgh Television Festival and a highly prestigious platform in the world of British broadcasting. He said: 'We are within less than two decades technologically of a world in which there will be no technically based grounds for government interference in electronic publishing. Spectrum scarcity is going to disappear. There will be as many channels as there are viewers.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;quoted in Owen Gibson, '[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2005/aug/22/edinburghtvfestival2005.bbc The foresight sagas]', ''Guardian'', 22 August 2005&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay's technological determinism, and his vision of a consumer led broadcasting market, was echoed by other neoliberals in the broadcasting world like [[Rupert Murdoch]] and [[Andrew Neil]], who (looking to expand into the British market) sought to portray deregulation and the end of public service broadcasting as an inevitable feature of the development of satellite and cable technologies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From 1983 to 1986 Jay presented Channel 4’s weekly news programme ''A Week in Politics'' and from 1986 to 1989 was chief of staff to the press tycoon [[Robert Maxwell]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also worked on the Chartered Institute of Bankers monthly magazine ''Banking World'', as an Editor from 1984 to 1986 and a Supervising Editor until 1989. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ibid.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1985 Jay's 'terrible monetarist twin' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Samuel Brittan, A professional autobiography, [http://www.samuelbrittan.co.uk/biography16.html The 'Jay-Brittan' Period], [Accessed 16 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Sam Brittan]] was appointed to the [[Committee on Financing the BBC]], better known as the [[Peacock Committee]]. This had been set up by the Thatcher government and was informed by the same neoliberal thinking on broadcasting that Jay and others had developed. [[Samuel Brittan|Brittan]] wrote that he and the Committee's Chair [[Alan Peacock]] 'were inclined towards market provision of goods and services and... had been stimulated by Peter Jay's writings.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;quoted in Tom O'Malley, ''Closedown?: The BBC and Government Broadcasting Policy 1979-92'' (London: Pluto Press, 1994) p.92&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chris Horrie and Steve Clarke note that whilst the committee was conducting its inquiry, [[Samuel Brittan]] was in close contact with Jay:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Jay was not on the committee, but had strong thought of his own on the future of television. He and [[Samuel Brittan|Brittan]] were to spend long sessions together at Jay’s Ealing home, effectively forming their own private committee, and wildly exceeding Peacock’s original brief. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Chris Horrie and Steve Clarke, ''Fuzzy Monsters – Fear and Loathing at the BBC'' (London: William Heinemann, 1994) p.37&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay also gave evidence to the Commission. According to the then Director-General Alisdair Milne, Jay was&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;the only individual invited to speak for himself, the Peacock guru. Peter set forth, at this usual machine-gun rate of delivery, his picture of the new world of electronic publishing, where programmes would pour out of the fibre-optic cables in the same way that books had poured off the presses in the past. [[Sam Brittan]] smiled like a Cheshire cat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alisdair Milne, DG: The Memoirs of a British Broadcaster (Hodder and Stoughton, 1989) p.224&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the Committee delivered its report in 1986, [[Samuel Brittan|Brittan]] even suggested Jay as one of two possible future chairmen of the [[BBC]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Fiddick, 'The case for strong governors', ''Guardian'', 9 September 1986. [[Samuel Brittan|Brittan's]] other suggestion was the ITV presenter Alastair Burnet&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 Jay was appointed Economics Editor of the [[BBC]] by his old friend [[John Birt]]. Early on in this role he presented the ''Money Programme'', but although he held the post until 2001, he kept a low profile during much of this time. The ''Observer'' reported in June 2000 that, 'colleagues complain that he has not been seen in his BBC office for years and that last time he appeared onscreen, for the Budget, he had to have a special briefing.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2000/jun/18/life1.lifemagazine6 Jay talking]’, ''Observer'', 18 June 2000&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; That year Jay presented a a six-part [[BBC]] series on economic history called ''Road to Riches''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2003 he became a Director (non-executive) of the Bank of England. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21879 ‘JAY, Hon. Peter’], [accessed 16 Oct 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2009 the ''Daily Mail'' reported that Jay was one of two members standing for the Chair of the [[Garrick Club]], the exclusive London private members club which he had been invited to join by [[William Rees-Mogg]] 33 years earlier. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Richard Kay, '[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1191692/The-second-coming-Peter-Jay.html The second coming of Peter Jay]', ''Daily Mail'', 9 June 2009; p.35&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, Jay was not elected, and lost to his only rival Jonathan Acton Davis QC. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Fiona Murray, Secretary to the Secretary, email to Tom Mills, 29 January 2010 17:32&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Garrick Club]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, January 2009) [Accessed via KnowUK on 15 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; | [[Open Europe]] 'supporter'&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Open Europe 2005-2007[http://www.openeurope.org.uk/about-us/supporters.aspx Supporters] Accessed 22 Aug 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Old Wykehamists|Jay, Peter]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:BBC|Jay, Peter]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Journalists|Jay, Peter]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Neoliberal|Jay, Peter]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190733</id>
		<title>Institute of Economic Affairs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190733"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:35:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Public Choice theory */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Lord Harris.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] in Adam Curtis's 1992 documentary ''Pandora's Box''. [[Ralph Harris|Harris]] discusses the Institute's meetings with [[Milton Friedman]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA)''' is a seminal free market think-tank based in London. Through its promotion of free market theorists like [[Milton Friedman]] it provided an intellectual rationale for business friendly political and economic reforms introduced by the Thatcher government in the UK - a political programme which later came to be known as neoliberalism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins and history==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Harris seldon and hayek.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] with their philosophical mentor [[Friedrich Hayek]] outside IEA's Westminster office in 1984.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ed Vaizey]] writes in ''The Sunday Times'':&lt;br /&gt;
:The oldest and biggest daddy of them all, the Institute of Economic Affairs, exists to propagate the ideas of free markets and privatisation. It has been going for nearly 50 years, and advises governments all over the world on ways to denationalise and bring in market systems.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Ed Vaizey]], &amp;quot;[http://web.archive.org/web/20040907005929/www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=news&amp;amp;ID=34 IEA is still the oldest and biggest daddy of them all!]&amp;quot;, ''Sunday Times'', 15 July 2002, accessed in Web Archive, 16 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs was set up in the mid-1950s by [[Antony Fisher]], an Old Etonian chicken farmer who had made his fortune by pioneering US battery farming techniques in the UK. [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] had joined the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] and had been advised by [[Friedrich von Hayek]] against going into politics to spread the neoliberal philosophy. Instead [[Friedrich von Hayek|Hayek]] recommended that [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] change society by targeting intellectual opinion. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four. See also Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] therefore founded IEA and recruited the Cambridge-trained economist [[Ralph Harris]] as director, and [[Arthur Seldon]] as research director. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' states: 'They would grow old together side by side, [[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] writing, [[Ralph Harris|Harris]]  hustling.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was incorporated on 29 March 1963 and registered as a charity on 25 August 1969. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Charity Commission, [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/ShowCharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=235351&amp;amp;SubsidiaryNumber=0 235351 - THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS LIMITED] [Accessed 9 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Conservative Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
In a March 2009 presentation [[Tim Montgomerie]] and [[Matthew Elliott]] described IEA as part of the infrastructure of the [[Movement Conservatism|conservative movement]] in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tim Montgomerie, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/2009/03/the-growth-of-b.html The growth of Britain's conservative movement], ConservativeHome, 14 March 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Views/Activities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Agriculture and the environment===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was founded in the 1950s by [[Antony Fisher]] out of a fortune made from intensively farmed broiler chickens (Buxted Chickens). Given a founding father who was both a pioneer of factory farming and an extreme free marketeer, it is hardly surprising  that the IEA has consistently promoted the view that deregulated intensive farming and unfettered 'free trade' are of great benefit to the environment. But it wasn't until the 1990s that the IEA started seriously to focus on environmental issues.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 the IEA warned that 'green' policies would lead to an 'ecological hell' and a plummeting standard of living. In 1993 the IEA launched its Environment Unit.  Its director was [[Roger Bate]]. A formal launch came in March 1994 to coincide with the publication of the Unit's first book, ''Global Warming: Apocalypse or Hot Air?'' The book was co-edited by Roger Bate and [[Julian Morris]]. Morris had been a Research Fellow at the IEA since 1993 and in July 1998 became the Environment Unit's co-director. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In August 1999, Bate and Morris published a book called ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and the Environment''. According to an IEA press release:&lt;br /&gt;
:The book shows that intensive agriculture is good for health and the environment, and is essential if the world's population is to be fed without converting vast areas of biodiverse ecosystems into cropland, which would be necessary if organic agriculture, with its lower yields, were used.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;IEA press release, cited by Andrew Rowell in &amp;quot;[http://ngin.tripod.com/godfathers.htm Organicised crime: The backlash against organic food has begun. But who is behind it?]&amp;quot;, The Ecologist, Vol. 31, No. 1, February 2001, accessed March 16 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It contained a chapter by [[Dennis Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]], 'The Fallacy of the Organic Utopia', and one defending GM crops co-written by [[John Hillman]] from the [[Scottish Crop Research Institute]] and [[Michael Wilson]] of [[Horticulture Research International]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bate and Morris are affiliated to a series of organizations, other than the Institute of Economic Affairs, several of which they founded themselves. Fearing Food was said to be a publication of the [[European Science and Environment Forum]] (ESEF), which Bate both co-founded (1994) and directed (the original ESEF website was registered by Morris). However, a press release announcing the book, headed 'Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food', was sent out in the name of the IEA.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food&amp;quot;, press release, Institute of Economic Affairs, 16 August 1999.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A year later, Morris appeared in his role as director of the IEA's Environment Unit in a ‘Counterblast’ programme on BBC 2 TV (broadcast 31 January, 2000). The programme was written and presented by Bate in his role as Director of ESEF. No mention was made of Bate's IEA affiliation and the same went for several other IEA intimates, such as IEA Media Fellow [[Richard D. North]]. The Counterblast series is intended by the BBC to allow 'members of the public' to air their views.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2000 the IEA hosted An Occasional Lecture at their offices in London, entitled 'Frankenfood and Monarch Butterflies'. It was given by [[Channapatna S. Prakash|CS Prakash]] of the [[AgBioWorld]] Foundation. AgBioWorld's campaign was co-founded by [[Greg Conko]] of the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]], where Bate is an adjunct fellow.                       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 2000 the assistance of the Institute of Economic Affairs was acknowledged by the authors of an anti-organic report launched in the U.S. The authors included [[Monsanto]]'s former director of executive communications, [[Graydon Forrer]], and [[Alex Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]]. The controversial ideas on organic food of Alex's father, [[Dennis Avery]], had been central to Fearing Food and the way in which Bate and Morris had launched it a year earlier (with a press release about &amp;quot;deadly organic food&amp;quot;, see above).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among others associated with the IEA's Environment Unit are [[Matt Ridley]] and [[Philip Stott]]. Stott claims to have 'no formal connections with the IEA' and not to 'share their economic views'. Note the stress on 'formal'. He entirely shares their antipathy towards environmental concerns, is close to Morris and Bate, has had a monograph published by the IEA, and has contributed to IEA-led events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA claims to have 'no corporate view' but this appears to be a device to enable the IEA to distance itself where convenient from the often controversial views promoted by its staff and associates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Public Choice theory===&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to promoting the free market economics and monetarist theory particularly associated with [[Friedrich Hayek]] and [[Milton Friedman]], the IEA also disseminated Public Choice theory, a branch of neoliberal thought which uses rational choice theory as a basis for attacking the ethos of the public sector. Writing in 2000, IEA's [[Arthur Seldon]] recalled:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:From the early 1960s onwards, the IEA published writings by the two founders of 'public' choice, Professors James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock... The first publication ['The Inconsistencies of the National Health Service'], in 1965, emerged from Professor Buchanan's observation at a discussion of the National Health Service that its incurable underlying dilemma was that the people would not pay taxes for as much (or as good) medical care as they desired or expected 'free' from government. Then, as still in our day, the explanation by sociologists and political scientists, that the cause was 'under-funding', was based on the continuing preoccupation with macro-economic rather than micro-economic thinking. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.xiii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] also notes [[Gordon Tullck|Tullock's]] Hobart Paper ''The Vote Motive'', published in 1976, and an IEA publication ''The Economics of Politics'', which resulted from a two day conference attended by [[James Buchanan]] and economists from Canada the US and Switzerland. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.xiv.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Privatisation===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA are known for their work in the field of privatisation.  It was they who commissioned [[Stephen Littlechild]] in 1981 to write the paper &amp;quot;Ten steps to denationalisation&amp;quot;. Littlechild later became one of the four &amp;quot;regulators&amp;quot; who oversee 20% of the UK's GDP in the form of the four utilities: Gas, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications. They have also influenced the Government's minimum wage policy,  promoted the notion that &amp;quot;non-traditional&amp;quot; families (i.e. black and Asian) produce more delinquent children, and lately have advocated that &amp;quot;student loans should be charged at a higher rate of interest.&amp;quot; Mrs Thatcher herself stated that &amp;quot;What we have achieved could never have been done without the leadership of the IEA.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
===Water===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA has been a consistent advocate of increasing the 'purity' of the privatisation arrangements in the water industry in England and Wales.  Regards Scotland, two of the IEA's most influential members [[John Blundell]] and [[Colin Robinson]] have written regularly on the case for privatisation of Scotland's water services.  Colin Robinson wrote a particularly forceful advocacy of privatisation through the [[Policy Institute]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Policy Institute, [http://policyinstitute.info/resource/2007/10/robinsonmar05.pdf'Reviving the Scottish Water Industry'], accessed 12 June 2008 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  The IEA, in conjunction with [[Marketforce]] organise conferences considering issues pertaining to water and the commercial opportunities within the sector.  These conferences are economically prohibitive to people outside the industry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Tobacco===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA has also campaigned against the ban on smoking in pubs and tobacco displays in shops. It published a report in 2010 claiming the ban on tobacco risks 'significant economic damage and a deterioration in public health'. The claims have been questioned by researchers.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randeep Ramesh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/jul/14/anti-smoking-law-government-review Anti-smoking law may be overturned in government review], ''The Guardian'', 14 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Trade===&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2010 the Institute released a 130-page report that denounced the fair trade movement as 'froth', and fair trade as 'costly, opaque and substantially unproven'. Entitled Fair Trade without the Froth: A Dispassionate Economic Analysis of “Fair Trade”', the report argued that 'claims by the Fair Trade movement are seriously exaggerated'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; IEA, [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=release&amp;amp;ID=217 New research finds Fair Trade is a distraction, not a solution], 4 November 2010, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report received wide media coverage. The Guardian's John Vidal described the report as 'vicious' and pointed out that the author of the report, [[Sushil Mohan]] had spent years working as an adviser to the global tea and coffee industries. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; John Vidal, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/nov/04/fair-trade-under-attack A question for the fair trade critics: How much is human dignity worth?], The Guardian PovertyMattersBlog, 4 November 2010 16.23 GMT, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Organisation and status==&lt;br /&gt;
===Charitable status===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA states it is 'entirely funded by voluntary donations from individuals, companies and foundations ...it does no contract work, accepts no money from government and is independent of any political party. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&amp;amp;ID=23 IEA website] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However questions have been raised over its right to charitable status, with Labour MP Dale Campbell-Savours in a 1991 House of Commons debate&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-20/Debate-12.html Hansard HC, 20 June 1991] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; describing IEA's activities as &amp;quot;patently political&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Think tank networks and connections==&lt;br /&gt;
===Democracy Institute Connections===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to an article in ''the Guardian'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democracy Institute's [[Patrick Basham]] and [[John Luik]] launch their report, ''The war on working-class culture: How political elites denormalise a way of life'', on Thursday evening (6th May 2010) in Westminster at the Institute of Economic Affairs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Basham &amp;amp; John Luik, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/apr/29/health-paternalism-attacks-working-class Working class are under attack from health paternalism], ''The Guardian'', 29-April-2010, Accessed 13-May-2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stockholm Network===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs is a former member of the [[Stockholm Network]], they left the network in 2005 because 'as an educational charity we felt it was inappropriate to be a member of an organisation whose mission we could not control'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, [http://spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Image:Claire_Rusbridge_Institute_of_Economic_Affairs.jpg FW:Stockholm Network], ''Institute of Economic Affairs'', E-mail to Steven Harkins 12-May-2010, 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alex Singleton, [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/alexsingleton/8145947/freemarket_network_demands_bailout_for_pharmaceutical_industry/ Free-market network demands bail-out for pharmaceutical industry], Telegraph, January 19th, 2009, accessed 20 May 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Democracy Institute]] | [[Stockholm Network]] | [[University of St Andrews Liberty Club]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.libertyclub.org.uk/whoweare.htm Who We Are], Liberty Club (Accessed: 21 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, FW: Stockholm Network, E-mail to Steven Harkins, 12-May-2010 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Offshoots===&lt;br /&gt;
[[IEA Health and Welfare Unit]] | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[Institute for Civil Society]] | [[Civitas]] |  [[Centre for Social Cohesion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References, Resources and Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact===&lt;br /&gt;
2 [[Lord North Street]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Westminster&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
London&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
SW1P 3LB &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Website: http://www.iea.org.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Resources===&lt;br /&gt;
[[BBC:Institute of Economic Affairs]] - page on the IEA's attacks on the [[BBC]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;PBS, Command Heights, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/int_ralphharris.html Interview with Lord Ralph Harris, 17 July 2000]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===References===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Water: UK Actors]][[Category:Neoliberal Organisation]][[Category: Water]][[Category:GM]][[Category:Far-Right Think-Tanks (GM)]][[Category:GM Lobby Groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanks]][[Category:Tobacco]][[Category:Conservative movement]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Antony_Jay&amp;diff=190732</id>
		<title>Antony Jay</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Antony_Jay&amp;diff=190732"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:34:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;'''Sir Antony Rupert Jay''' (born 20 April 1930) is a British broadcaster and script writer best known for co-writing the 1980s political comedy ''Yes Minister''. Less well known is Jay's role as a right-wing activist. In a preface to an [[Institute of Economic Affairs]] pamphlet on public choice, Jay wrote: 'the theory that things are better done by government officials than private citizens or companies is simply not sustainable. I see no way of reforming the system, so the only sensible course is to leave the government only those tasks which it is impossible to have done in any other way...' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Education and career==&lt;br /&gt;
Jay was educated at St Paul’s School, a prestigious private school in London where he was awarded a scholarship. He then attended Magdalene College, Cambridge where he was awarded a first in Classics and Comparative Philology. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21874|JAY, Sir Antony (Rupert)]’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [Accessed 20 Nov 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1955, after his two years national service, Jay join the [[BBC]]. He edited its current affairs programme ''Tonight'' from 1962 to '63 and was head of talks features from 1963 to 1964. He then he left the BBC to work as a freelance writer and producer. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's Online, [http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/search/results/5645/Antony%20Rupert%20JAY.aspx Sir Antony Jay, CVO] [Accesssed 20 November 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1972 Jay wrote a pamphlet called ''The Householder’s Guide to Community Defence against Bureaucratic Aggression'' which advised citizens who to protest against government planning decisions. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;''The Times'', 7 September 1972; p.9; Issue 58573; col F&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He was a member Annan Comittee on Future of Broadcasting (1974-77) which led the the creation of Channel 4 - an innovation which served the interests of independent producers like Jay.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Video Arts===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1972 Jay co-founded the corporate training video production company [[Video Arts]] with the comedian John Cleese. Jay chaired the company from 1972 to 1989. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's Online, [http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/search/results/5645/Antony%20Rupert%20JAY.aspx Sir Antony Jay, CVO] [Accesssed 20 November 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay was also a partner in a sister company called [[Video Arts Television]] which was set up in 1978 and produced a number of films promoting neoliberal ideology. Most notable of these was the ten part documentary ''[[Free to Choose]]'' promoting the views of [[Milton Friedman]], but it also produced a three part film called ''Heyek - His Life and Thoughts'', broadcast in 1985.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay has written: 'I am a Friedmanite. My company produced Milton Friedman’s 10 part documentary series ''[[Free to Choose]]'' back in 1979, but I was a convert to market economics long before that. In fact, that was why my company got the gig.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.9&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In his autobiography [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] recalls the first meetings with [[Video Arts Television]] to discuss the future production of ''[[Free to Choose]]'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Bob Chitester|Bob]] [Chitester] had been planning a trip to London to talk to the [[BBC]] about its interest in acquiring the program when it was completed and to talk with possible producers... By far the most important interview was with Antony Jay, recommended by [[Ralph Harris]] [Director General of the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]]] as “a Friedman fan” (initially from reading my [1973] ''Playboy'' interview). Jay was a partner in Video Arts, a television production company formed by ex-BBC employees who had wanted to escape bureaucracy… [Later] Bob and I took off on September 20 for London, where we had extensive discussions with Antony Jay and two of his partners who were to be the most closely involved in the production of ''[[Free to Choose]]'', [[Michael Peacock]], managing director and [[Robert Reid]], chairman. In addition, Peacock arranged for us to interview Michael Latham as a potential producer. Unlike the producers we had interviewed in the United States, both the [[Video Arts]] trio and [[Michael Latham]] were sympathetic to our philosophy and enthusiastic about producing a documentary to present it. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.475-6&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Free to Choose'' eventually became a ten part television documentary. The [[BBC]] bought the rights to six of the programmes, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.499&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; five of which were broadcast with studio discussions with [[Milton Friedman]] hosted by the neoliberal economist and journalist [[Peter Jay]]. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;According to the BBC Motion Gallery the title of each segment and the date of its broadcast were as follows: ''Free to Choose:1:Power of Markets'' (16 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:2: The Tyranny of Control'' (23 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:3:Anatomy of Crisis'' (1 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:4: Created Equal'' (8 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:5: Who Protects the Consumer?'' (15 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:6: How to Cure Inflation'' (22 March 1980). All but ''Power of Markets'' were broadcast with a were broadcast with discussions hosted by [[Peter Jay|Jay]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] commented that it was: 'Interesting that Britain, the fatherland of the welfare state and the home of a major avowedly socialist party, should be where we would find producers sympathetic to free markets.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.475&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Critic of the BBC==&lt;br /&gt;
In recent years Jay has emerged as a right-wing critic of the [[BBC]]. In July 2007 the [[BBC: Centre for Policy Studies|Centre for Policy Studies]] published a pamplet by Jay entitled ''Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer''. Jay argued that the [[BBC]] is part of a 'minority media liberal subculture' which promotes attitudes and opinions 'at odds with the majority of the audience and the electorate'. He argued that the culture of 'media liberalism' at the [[BBC]] made it hyper-critical of governments and other powerful institutions. This, Jay argued, had led to the 'erosion of the efficiency and effectiveness' of the institutions Jay called the 'building blocks of civilisation'. Recalling his time at the [[BBC]] (over 40 years earlier) Jay wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;...we were anti-industry, anti-capitalism, anti-advertising, anti-selling, anti-profit, anti-patriotism, anti-monarchy, anti-Empire, anti-police, anti-armed forces, anti-bomb, anti-authority. Almost anything that made the world a freer, safer and more prosperous place, you name it, we were anti it. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/629_ProductPreviewFile.pdf Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer]’, July 2007; p.15&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The publication of the pamplet received publicty in the British press, with an extract being published in the ''Daily Telegraph''. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1557389/Here-is-the-news-as-we-want-to-report-it.html Here is the news (as we want to report it)], Telegraph.co.uk, 12:01AM BST 14 Jul 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A month later ''The Sunday Times'' published an op-ed piece by Jay which started by making reference to the BBC's recent impartiality report and then reproduced much of the pamphlet. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, '[Confessions of a BBC liberal]', ''The Sunday Times'', 12 August 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer'' was followed up a year later by a new pamphlet by Jay called ''How to save the BBC''. In the report Jay declared himself to be a 'Friedmanite' and wrote that the market 'may, and in my own view should, be the ultimate destination' for the BBC. He conceded however that given that privitisation would probably lead to a 'national outcry and a dramatic loss of votes' for any government trying to introduce it, 'it is neither desirable nor practicable to head straight for it immediately.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.11&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rejecting outright privitisation as politically impossible, Jay instead proposed that the BBC be drastically reduced in size and focus to a 'much smaller, self-funding public service broadcaster, consisting essentially of one television channel and one speech radio channel'. This new BBC would not compete with commercial broadcasters but would focus on meeting demands not met by the market. Under Jay's vision the BBC's public service obligations would remain but rather than being funded by the license fee, the BBC would rely on a 'massively expanded and professionalised marketing operation'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.19&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay also argued that the obligation of political impartiality should be removed, stating: 'The obligation to maintain political balance made sense in the days of only one or two broadcasters. But as stations proliferate, so that obligation becomes more and more illiberal and restrictive.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.6&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay's pamphlet's was cited by Conservative MP [[Christopher Chope]] during the 2nd reading of his Private Members' Bill, Broadcasting (Television Licence Fee Abolition) Bill in October 2008. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;HC, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cm081017/debtext/81017-0004.htm Vol 480 col 1061, 17 October 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:BBC|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanker|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:neoliberal|Jay, Antony]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Antony_Jay&amp;diff=190731</id>
		<title>Antony Jay</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Antony_Jay&amp;diff=190731"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:34:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Sir Antony Rupert Jay''' (born 20 April 1930) is a British broadcaster and script writer best known for co-writing the 1980s political comedy ''Yes Minister''. Less well known is Jay's role as a right-wing activist. In a preface to an [[Institute of Economic Affairs]] pamphlet on public choice, Jay wrote: 'the theory that things are better done by government officials than private citizens or companies is simply not sustainable. I see no way of reforming the system, so the only sensible course is to leave the government only those tasks which it is impossible to have done in any other way...'&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Education and career==&lt;br /&gt;
Jay was educated at St Paul’s School, a prestigious private school in London where he was awarded a scholarship. He then attended Magdalene College, Cambridge where he was awarded a first in Classics and Comparative Philology. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U21874|JAY, Sir Antony (Rupert)]’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008 [Accessed 20 Nov 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1955, after his two years national service, Jay join the [[BBC]]. He edited its current affairs programme ''Tonight'' from 1962 to '63 and was head of talks features from 1963 to 1964. He then he left the BBC to work as a freelance writer and producer. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's Online, [http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/search/results/5645/Antony%20Rupert%20JAY.aspx Sir Antony Jay, CVO] [Accesssed 20 November 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1972 Jay wrote a pamphlet called ''The Householder’s Guide to Community Defence against Bureaucratic Aggression'' which advised citizens who to protest against government planning decisions. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;''The Times'', 7 September 1972; p.9; Issue 58573; col F&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He was a member Annan Comittee on Future of Broadcasting (1974-77) which led the the creation of Channel 4 - an innovation which served the interests of independent producers like Jay.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Video Arts===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1972 Jay co-founded the corporate training video production company [[Video Arts]] with the comedian John Cleese. Jay chaired the company from 1972 to 1989. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's Online, [http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/search/results/5645/Antony%20Rupert%20JAY.aspx Sir Antony Jay, CVO] [Accesssed 20 November 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay was also a partner in a sister company called [[Video Arts Television]] which was set up in 1978 and produced a number of films promoting neoliberal ideology. Most notable of these was the ten part documentary ''[[Free to Choose]]'' promoting the views of [[Milton Friedman]], but it also produced a three part film called ''Heyek - His Life and Thoughts'', broadcast in 1985.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay has written: 'I am a Friedmanite. My company produced Milton Friedman’s 10 part documentary series ''[[Free to Choose]]'' back in 1979, but I was a convert to market economics long before that. In fact, that was why my company got the gig.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.9&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In his autobiography [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] recalls the first meetings with [[Video Arts Television]] to discuss the future production of ''[[Free to Choose]]'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[Bob Chitester|Bob]] [Chitester] had been planning a trip to London to talk to the [[BBC]] about its interest in acquiring the program when it was completed and to talk with possible producers... By far the most important interview was with Antony Jay, recommended by [[Ralph Harris]] [Director General of the [[Institute of Economic Affairs]]] as “a Friedman fan” (initially from reading my [1973] ''Playboy'' interview). Jay was a partner in Video Arts, a television production company formed by ex-BBC employees who had wanted to escape bureaucracy… [Later] Bob and I took off on September 20 for London, where we had extensive discussions with Antony Jay and two of his partners who were to be the most closely involved in the production of ''[[Free to Choose]]'', [[Michael Peacock]], managing director and [[Robert Reid]], chairman. In addition, Peacock arranged for us to interview Michael Latham as a potential producer. Unlike the producers we had interviewed in the United States, both the [[Video Arts]] trio and [[Michael Latham]] were sympathetic to our philosophy and enthusiastic about producing a documentary to present it. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.475-6&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Free to Choose'' eventually became a ten part television documentary. The [[BBC]] bought the rights to six of the programmes, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.499&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; five of which were broadcast with studio discussions with [[Milton Friedman]] hosted by the neoliberal economist and journalist [[Peter Jay]]. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;According to the BBC Motion Gallery the title of each segment and the date of its broadcast were as follows: ''Free to Choose:1:Power of Markets'' (16 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:2: The Tyranny of Control'' (23 February 1980); ''Free to Choose:3:Anatomy of Crisis'' (1 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:4: Created Equal'' (8 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:5: Who Protects the Consumer?'' (15 March 1980); ''Free to Choose:6: How to Cure Inflation'' (22 March 1980). All but ''Power of Markets'' were broadcast with a were broadcast with discussions hosted by [[Peter Jay|Jay]].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Milton Friedman|Friedman]] commented that it was: 'Interesting that Britain, the fatherland of the welfare state and the home of a major avowedly socialist party, should be where we would find producers sympathetic to free markets.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Rose D. Friedman, ''[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6l0_vQ1zpI8C&amp;amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;amp;source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false Two Lucky People: Memoirs]'' (University of Chicago Press, 1999) p.475&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Critic of the BBC==&lt;br /&gt;
In recent years Jay has emerged as a right-wing critic of the [[BBC]]. In July 2007 the [[BBC: Centre for Policy Studies|Centre for Policy Studies]] published a pamplet by Jay entitled ''Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer''. Jay argued that the [[BBC]] is part of a 'minority media liberal subculture' which promotes attitudes and opinions 'at odds with the majority of the audience and the electorate'. He argued that the culture of 'media liberalism' at the [[BBC]] made it hyper-critical of governments and other powerful institutions. This, Jay argued, had led to the 'erosion of the efficiency and effectiveness' of the institutions Jay called the 'building blocks of civilisation'. Recalling his time at the [[BBC]] (over 40 years earlier) Jay wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;...we were anti-industry, anti-capitalism, anti-advertising, anti-selling, anti-profit, anti-patriotism, anti-monarchy, anti-Empire, anti-police, anti-armed forces, anti-bomb, anti-authority. Almost anything that made the world a freer, safer and more prosperous place, you name it, we were anti it. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/629_ProductPreviewFile.pdf Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer]’, July 2007; p.15&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The publication of the pamplet received publicty in the British press, with an extract being published in the ''Daily Telegraph''. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1557389/Here-is-the-news-as-we-want-to-report-it.html Here is the news (as we want to report it)], Telegraph.co.uk, 12:01AM BST 14 Jul 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A month later ''The Sunday Times'' published an op-ed piece by Jay which started by making reference to the BBC's recent impartiality report and then reproduced much of the pamphlet. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, '[Confessions of a BBC liberal]', ''The Sunday Times'', 12 August 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Confessions of a Reformed BBC Producer'' was followed up a year later by a new pamphlet by Jay called ''How to save the BBC''. In the report Jay declared himself to be a 'Friedmanite' and wrote that the market 'may, and in my own view should, be the ultimate destination' for the BBC. He conceded however that given that privitisation would probably lead to a 'national outcry and a dramatic loss of votes' for any government trying to introduce it, 'it is neither desirable nor practicable to head straight for it immediately.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.11&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Rejecting outright privitisation as politically impossible, Jay instead proposed that the BBC be drastically reduced in size and focus to a 'much smaller, self-funding public service broadcaster, consisting essentially of one television channel and one speech radio channel'. This new BBC would not compete with commercial broadcasters but would focus on meeting demands not met by the market. Under Jay's vision the BBC's public service obligations would remain but rather than being funded by the license fee, the BBC would rely on a 'massively expanded and professionalised marketing operation'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.19&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Jay also argued that the obligation of political impartiality should be removed, stating: 'The obligation to maintain political balance made sense in the days of only one or two broadcasters. But as stations proliferate, so that obligation becomes more and more illiberal and restrictive.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Antony Jay, ‘[http://www.cps.org.uk/cps_catalog/CPS_assets/687_ProductPreviewFile.pdf How to save the BBC]’, 4 July 2008; p.6&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jay's pamphlet's was cited by Conservative MP [[Christopher Chope]] during the 2nd reading of his Private Members' Bill, Broadcasting (Television Licence Fee Abolition) Bill in October 2008. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;HC, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cm081017/debtext/81017-0004.htm Vol 480 col 1061, 17 October 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:BBC|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanker|Jay, Antony]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:neoliberal|Jay, Antony]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190730</id>
		<title>Institute of Economic Affairs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190730"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:25:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Public Choice theory */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Lord Harris.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] in Adam Curtis's 1992 documentary ''Pandora's Box''. [[Ralph Harris|Harris]] discusses the Institute's meetings with [[Milton Friedman]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA)''' is a seminal free market think-tank based in London. Through its promotion of free market theorists like [[Milton Friedman]] it provided an intellectual rationale for business friendly political and economic reforms introduced by the Thatcher government in the UK - a political programme which later came to be known as neoliberalism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins and history==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Harris seldon and hayek.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] with their philosophical mentor [[Friedrich Hayek]] outside IEA's Westminster office in 1984.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ed Vaizey]] writes in ''The Sunday Times'':&lt;br /&gt;
:The oldest and biggest daddy of them all, the Institute of Economic Affairs, exists to propagate the ideas of free markets and privatisation. It has been going for nearly 50 years, and advises governments all over the world on ways to denationalise and bring in market systems.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Ed Vaizey]], &amp;quot;[http://web.archive.org/web/20040907005929/www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=news&amp;amp;ID=34 IEA is still the oldest and biggest daddy of them all!]&amp;quot;, ''Sunday Times'', 15 July 2002, accessed in Web Archive, 16 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs was set up in the mid-1950s by [[Antony Fisher]], an Old Etonian chicken farmer who had made his fortune by pioneering US battery farming techniques in the UK. [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] had joined the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] and had been advised by [[Friedrich von Hayek]] against going into politics to spread the neoliberal philosophy. Instead [[Friedrich von Hayek|Hayek]] recommended that [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] change society by targeting intellectual opinion. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four. See also Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] therefore founded IEA and recruited the Cambridge-trained economist [[Ralph Harris]] as director, and [[Arthur Seldon]] as research director. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' states: 'They would grow old together side by side, [[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] writing, [[Ralph Harris|Harris]]  hustling.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was incorporated on 29 March 1963 and registered as a charity on 25 August 1969. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Charity Commission, [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/ShowCharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=235351&amp;amp;SubsidiaryNumber=0 235351 - THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS LIMITED] [Accessed 9 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Conservative Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
In a March 2009 presentation [[Tim Montgomerie]] and [[Matthew Elliott]] described IEA as part of the infrastructure of the [[Movement Conservatism|conservative movement]] in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tim Montgomerie, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/2009/03/the-growth-of-b.html The growth of Britain's conservative movement], ConservativeHome, 14 March 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Views/Activities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Agriculture and the environment===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was founded in the 1950s by [[Antony Fisher]] out of a fortune made from intensively farmed broiler chickens (Buxted Chickens). Given a founding father who was both a pioneer of factory farming and an extreme free marketeer, it is hardly surprising  that the IEA has consistently promoted the view that deregulated intensive farming and unfettered 'free trade' are of great benefit to the environment. But it wasn't until the 1990s that the IEA started seriously to focus on environmental issues.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 the IEA warned that 'green' policies would lead to an 'ecological hell' and a plummeting standard of living. In 1993 the IEA launched its Environment Unit.  Its director was [[Roger Bate]]. A formal launch came in March 1994 to coincide with the publication of the Unit's first book, ''Global Warming: Apocalypse or Hot Air?'' The book was co-edited by Roger Bate and [[Julian Morris]]. Morris had been a Research Fellow at the IEA since 1993 and in July 1998 became the Environment Unit's co-director. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In August 1999, Bate and Morris published a book called ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and the Environment''. According to an IEA press release:&lt;br /&gt;
:The book shows that intensive agriculture is good for health and the environment, and is essential if the world's population is to be fed without converting vast areas of biodiverse ecosystems into cropland, which would be necessary if organic agriculture, with its lower yields, were used.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;IEA press release, cited by Andrew Rowell in &amp;quot;[http://ngin.tripod.com/godfathers.htm Organicised crime: The backlash against organic food has begun. But who is behind it?]&amp;quot;, The Ecologist, Vol. 31, No. 1, February 2001, accessed March 16 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It contained a chapter by [[Dennis Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]], 'The Fallacy of the Organic Utopia', and one defending GM crops co-written by [[John Hillman]] from the [[Scottish Crop Research Institute]] and [[Michael Wilson]] of [[Horticulture Research International]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bate and Morris are affiliated to a series of organizations, other than the Institute of Economic Affairs, several of which they founded themselves. Fearing Food was said to be a publication of the [[European Science and Environment Forum]] (ESEF), which Bate both co-founded (1994) and directed (the original ESEF website was registered by Morris). However, a press release announcing the book, headed 'Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food', was sent out in the name of the IEA.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food&amp;quot;, press release, Institute of Economic Affairs, 16 August 1999.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A year later, Morris appeared in his role as director of the IEA's Environment Unit in a ‘Counterblast’ programme on BBC 2 TV (broadcast 31 January, 2000). The programme was written and presented by Bate in his role as Director of ESEF. No mention was made of Bate's IEA affiliation and the same went for several other IEA intimates, such as IEA Media Fellow [[Richard D. North]]. The Counterblast series is intended by the BBC to allow 'members of the public' to air their views.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2000 the IEA hosted An Occasional Lecture at their offices in London, entitled 'Frankenfood and Monarch Butterflies'. It was given by [[Channapatna S. Prakash|CS Prakash]] of the [[AgBioWorld]] Foundation. AgBioWorld's campaign was co-founded by [[Greg Conko]] of the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]], where Bate is an adjunct fellow.                       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 2000 the assistance of the Institute of Economic Affairs was acknowledged by the authors of an anti-organic report launched in the U.S. The authors included [[Monsanto]]'s former director of executive communications, [[Graydon Forrer]], and [[Alex Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]]. The controversial ideas on organic food of Alex's father, [[Dennis Avery]], had been central to Fearing Food and the way in which Bate and Morris had launched it a year earlier (with a press release about &amp;quot;deadly organic food&amp;quot;, see above).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among others associated with the IEA's Environment Unit are [[Matt Ridley]] and [[Philip Stott]]. Stott claims to have 'no formal connections with the IEA' and not to 'share their economic views'. Note the stress on 'formal'. He entirely shares their antipathy towards environmental concerns, is close to Morris and Bate, has had a monograph published by the IEA, and has contributed to IEA-led events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA claims to have 'no corporate view' but this appears to be a device to enable the IEA to distance itself where convenient from the often controversial views promoted by its staff and associates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Public Choice theory===&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to promoting the free market economics and monetarist theory particularly associated with [[Friedrich Hayek]] and [[Milton Friedman]], the IEA also disseminated Public Choice theory, a branch of neoliberal thought which uses rational choice theory as a basis for attacking the ethos of the public sector. Writing in 2000, IEA's [[Arthur Seldon]] recalled:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:From the early 1960s onwards, the IEA published writings by the two founders of 'public' choice, Professors James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock... The first publication ['The Inconsistencies of the National Health Service'], in 1965, emerged from Professor Buchanan's observation at a discussion of the National Health Service that its incurable underlying dilemma was that the people would not pay taxes for as much (or as good) medical care as they desired or expected 'free' from government. Then, as still in our day, the explanation by sociologists and political scientists, that the cause was 'under-funding', was based on the continuing preoccupation with macro-economic rather than micro-economic thinking. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] also notes [[Gordon Tullck|Tullock's]] Hobart Paper ''The Vote Motive'', published in 1976, and an IEA publication ''The Economics of Politics'', which resulted from a two day conference attended by [[James Buchanan]] and economists from Canada the US and Switzerland. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viv.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Privatisation===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA are known for their work in the field of privatisation.  It was they who commissioned [[Stephen Littlechild]] in 1981 to write the paper &amp;quot;Ten steps to denationalisation&amp;quot;. Littlechild later became one of the four &amp;quot;regulators&amp;quot; who oversee 20% of the UK's GDP in the form of the four utilities: Gas, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications. They have also influenced the Government's minimum wage policy,  promoted the notion that &amp;quot;non-traditional&amp;quot; families (i.e. black and Asian) produce more delinquent children, and lately have advocated that &amp;quot;student loans should be charged at a higher rate of interest.&amp;quot; Mrs Thatcher herself stated that &amp;quot;What we have achieved could never have been done without the leadership of the IEA.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
===Water===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA has been a consistent advocate of increasing the 'purity' of the privatisation arrangements in the water industry in England and Wales.  Regards Scotland, two of the IEA's most influential members [[John Blundell]] and [[Colin Robinson]] have written regularly on the case for privatisation of Scotland's water services.  Colin Robinson wrote a particularly forceful advocacy of privatisation through the [[Policy Institute]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Policy Institute, [http://policyinstitute.info/resource/2007/10/robinsonmar05.pdf'Reviving the Scottish Water Industry'], accessed 12 June 2008 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  The IEA, in conjunction with [[Marketforce]] organise conferences considering issues pertaining to water and the commercial opportunities within the sector.  These conferences are economically prohibitive to people outside the industry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Tobacco===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA has also campaigned against the ban on smoking in pubs and tobacco displays in shops. It published a report in 2010 claiming the ban on tobacco risks 'significant economic damage and a deterioration in public health'. The claims have been questioned by researchers.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randeep Ramesh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/jul/14/anti-smoking-law-government-review Anti-smoking law may be overturned in government review], ''The Guardian'', 14 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Trade===&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2010 the Institute released a 130-page report that denounced the fair trade movement as 'froth', and fair trade as 'costly, opaque and substantially unproven'. Entitled Fair Trade without the Froth: A Dispassionate Economic Analysis of “Fair Trade”', the report argued that 'claims by the Fair Trade movement are seriously exaggerated'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; IEA, [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=release&amp;amp;ID=217 New research finds Fair Trade is a distraction, not a solution], 4 November 2010, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report received wide media coverage. The Guardian's John Vidal described the report as 'vicious' and pointed out that the author of the report, [[Sushil Mohan]] had spent years working as an adviser to the global tea and coffee industries. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; John Vidal, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/nov/04/fair-trade-under-attack A question for the fair trade critics: How much is human dignity worth?], The Guardian PovertyMattersBlog, 4 November 2010 16.23 GMT, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Organisation and status==&lt;br /&gt;
===Charitable status===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA states it is 'entirely funded by voluntary donations from individuals, companies and foundations ...it does no contract work, accepts no money from government and is independent of any political party. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&amp;amp;ID=23 IEA website] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However questions have been raised over its right to charitable status, with Labour MP Dale Campbell-Savours in a 1991 House of Commons debate&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-20/Debate-12.html Hansard HC, 20 June 1991] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; describing IEA's activities as &amp;quot;patently political&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Think tank networks and connections==&lt;br /&gt;
===Democracy Institute Connections===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to an article in ''the Guardian'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democracy Institute's [[Patrick Basham]] and [[John Luik]] launch their report, ''The war on working-class culture: How political elites denormalise a way of life'', on Thursday evening (6th May 2010) in Westminster at the Institute of Economic Affairs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Basham &amp;amp; John Luik, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/apr/29/health-paternalism-attacks-working-class Working class are under attack from health paternalism], ''The Guardian'', 29-April-2010, Accessed 13-May-2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stockholm Network===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs is a former member of the [[Stockholm Network]], they left the network in 2005 because 'as an educational charity we felt it was inappropriate to be a member of an organisation whose mission we could not control'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, [http://spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Image:Claire_Rusbridge_Institute_of_Economic_Affairs.jpg FW:Stockholm Network], ''Institute of Economic Affairs'', E-mail to Steven Harkins 12-May-2010, 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alex Singleton, [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/alexsingleton/8145947/freemarket_network_demands_bailout_for_pharmaceutical_industry/ Free-market network demands bail-out for pharmaceutical industry], Telegraph, January 19th, 2009, accessed 20 May 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Democracy Institute]] | [[Stockholm Network]] | [[University of St Andrews Liberty Club]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.libertyclub.org.uk/whoweare.htm Who We Are], Liberty Club (Accessed: 21 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, FW: Stockholm Network, E-mail to Steven Harkins, 12-May-2010 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Offshoots===&lt;br /&gt;
[[IEA Health and Welfare Unit]] | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[Institute for Civil Society]] | [[Civitas]] |  [[Centre for Social Cohesion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References, Resources and Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact===&lt;br /&gt;
2 [[Lord North Street]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Westminster&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
London&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
SW1P 3LB &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Website: http://www.iea.org.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Resources===&lt;br /&gt;
[[BBC:Institute of Economic Affairs]] - page on the IEA's attacks on the [[BBC]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;PBS, Command Heights, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/int_ralphharris.html Interview with Lord Ralph Harris, 17 July 2000]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===References===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Water: UK Actors]][[Category:Neoliberal Organisation]][[Category: Water]][[Category:GM]][[Category:Far-Right Think-Tanks (GM)]][[Category:GM Lobby Groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanks]][[Category:Tobacco]][[Category:Conservative movement]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190729</id>
		<title>Institute of Economic Affairs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190729"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:25:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Public Choice theory */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Lord Harris.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] in Adam Curtis's 1992 documentary ''Pandora's Box''. [[Ralph Harris|Harris]] discusses the Institute's meetings with [[Milton Friedman]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA)''' is a seminal free market think-tank based in London. Through its promotion of free market theorists like [[Milton Friedman]] it provided an intellectual rationale for business friendly political and economic reforms introduced by the Thatcher government in the UK - a political programme which later came to be known as neoliberalism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins and history==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Harris seldon and hayek.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] with their philosophical mentor [[Friedrich Hayek]] outside IEA's Westminster office in 1984.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ed Vaizey]] writes in ''The Sunday Times'':&lt;br /&gt;
:The oldest and biggest daddy of them all, the Institute of Economic Affairs, exists to propagate the ideas of free markets and privatisation. It has been going for nearly 50 years, and advises governments all over the world on ways to denationalise and bring in market systems.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Ed Vaizey]], &amp;quot;[http://web.archive.org/web/20040907005929/www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=news&amp;amp;ID=34 IEA is still the oldest and biggest daddy of them all!]&amp;quot;, ''Sunday Times'', 15 July 2002, accessed in Web Archive, 16 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs was set up in the mid-1950s by [[Antony Fisher]], an Old Etonian chicken farmer who had made his fortune by pioneering US battery farming techniques in the UK. [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] had joined the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] and had been advised by [[Friedrich von Hayek]] against going into politics to spread the neoliberal philosophy. Instead [[Friedrich von Hayek|Hayek]] recommended that [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] change society by targeting intellectual opinion. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four. See also Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] therefore founded IEA and recruited the Cambridge-trained economist [[Ralph Harris]] as director, and [[Arthur Seldon]] as research director. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' states: 'They would grow old together side by side, [[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] writing, [[Ralph Harris|Harris]]  hustling.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was incorporated on 29 March 1963 and registered as a charity on 25 August 1969. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Charity Commission, [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/ShowCharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=235351&amp;amp;SubsidiaryNumber=0 235351 - THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS LIMITED] [Accessed 9 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Conservative Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
In a March 2009 presentation [[Tim Montgomerie]] and [[Matthew Elliott]] described IEA as part of the infrastructure of the [[Movement Conservatism|conservative movement]] in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tim Montgomerie, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/2009/03/the-growth-of-b.html The growth of Britain's conservative movement], ConservativeHome, 14 March 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Views/Activities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Agriculture and the environment===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was founded in the 1950s by [[Antony Fisher]] out of a fortune made from intensively farmed broiler chickens (Buxted Chickens). Given a founding father who was both a pioneer of factory farming and an extreme free marketeer, it is hardly surprising  that the IEA has consistently promoted the view that deregulated intensive farming and unfettered 'free trade' are of great benefit to the environment. But it wasn't until the 1990s that the IEA started seriously to focus on environmental issues.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 the IEA warned that 'green' policies would lead to an 'ecological hell' and a plummeting standard of living. In 1993 the IEA launched its Environment Unit.  Its director was [[Roger Bate]]. A formal launch came in March 1994 to coincide with the publication of the Unit's first book, ''Global Warming: Apocalypse or Hot Air?'' The book was co-edited by Roger Bate and [[Julian Morris]]. Morris had been a Research Fellow at the IEA since 1993 and in July 1998 became the Environment Unit's co-director. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In August 1999, Bate and Morris published a book called ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and the Environment''. According to an IEA press release:&lt;br /&gt;
:The book shows that intensive agriculture is good for health and the environment, and is essential if the world's population is to be fed without converting vast areas of biodiverse ecosystems into cropland, which would be necessary if organic agriculture, with its lower yields, were used.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;IEA press release, cited by Andrew Rowell in &amp;quot;[http://ngin.tripod.com/godfathers.htm Organicised crime: The backlash against organic food has begun. But who is behind it?]&amp;quot;, The Ecologist, Vol. 31, No. 1, February 2001, accessed March 16 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It contained a chapter by [[Dennis Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]], 'The Fallacy of the Organic Utopia', and one defending GM crops co-written by [[John Hillman]] from the [[Scottish Crop Research Institute]] and [[Michael Wilson]] of [[Horticulture Research International]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bate and Morris are affiliated to a series of organizations, other than the Institute of Economic Affairs, several of which they founded themselves. Fearing Food was said to be a publication of the [[European Science and Environment Forum]] (ESEF), which Bate both co-founded (1994) and directed (the original ESEF website was registered by Morris). However, a press release announcing the book, headed 'Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food', was sent out in the name of the IEA.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food&amp;quot;, press release, Institute of Economic Affairs, 16 August 1999.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A year later, Morris appeared in his role as director of the IEA's Environment Unit in a ‘Counterblast’ programme on BBC 2 TV (broadcast 31 January, 2000). The programme was written and presented by Bate in his role as Director of ESEF. No mention was made of Bate's IEA affiliation and the same went for several other IEA intimates, such as IEA Media Fellow [[Richard D. North]]. The Counterblast series is intended by the BBC to allow 'members of the public' to air their views.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2000 the IEA hosted An Occasional Lecture at their offices in London, entitled 'Frankenfood and Monarch Butterflies'. It was given by [[Channapatna S. Prakash|CS Prakash]] of the [[AgBioWorld]] Foundation. AgBioWorld's campaign was co-founded by [[Greg Conko]] of the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]], where Bate is an adjunct fellow.                       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 2000 the assistance of the Institute of Economic Affairs was acknowledged by the authors of an anti-organic report launched in the U.S. The authors included [[Monsanto]]'s former director of executive communications, [[Graydon Forrer]], and [[Alex Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]]. The controversial ideas on organic food of Alex's father, [[Dennis Avery]], had been central to Fearing Food and the way in which Bate and Morris had launched it a year earlier (with a press release about &amp;quot;deadly organic food&amp;quot;, see above).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among others associated with the IEA's Environment Unit are [[Matt Ridley]] and [[Philip Stott]]. Stott claims to have 'no formal connections with the IEA' and not to 'share their economic views'. Note the stress on 'formal'. He entirely shares their antipathy towards environmental concerns, is close to Morris and Bate, has had a monograph published by the IEA, and has contributed to IEA-led events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA claims to have 'no corporate view' but this appears to be a device to enable the IEA to distance itself where convenient from the often controversial views promoted by its staff and associates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Public Choice theory===&lt;br /&gt;
In addition to promoting the free market economics and monetarist theory particularly associated with [[Friedrich Hayek]] and [[Milton Friedman]], the IEA also disseminated Public Choice theory, a branch of neoliberal thought which uses rational choice theory as a basis for attacking the ethos of the public sector. Writing in 2000, IEA's [[Arthur Seldon]] wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:From the early 1960s onwards, the IEA published writings by the two founders of 'public' choice, Professors James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock... The first publication ['The Inconsistencies of the National Health Service'], in 1965, emerged from Professor Buchanan's observation at a discussion of the National Health Service that its incurable underlying dilemma was that the people would not pay taxes for as much (or as good) medical care as they desired or expected 'free' from government. Then, as still in our day, the explanation by sociologists and political scientists, that the cause was 'under-funding', was based on the continuing preoccupation with macro-economic rather than micro-economic thinking. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] also notes [[Gordon Tullck|Tullock's]] Hobart Paper ''The Vote Motive'', published in 1976, and an IEA publication ''The Economics of Politics'', which resulted from a two day conference attended by [[James Buchanan]] and economists from Canada the US and Switzerland. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viv.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Privatisation===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA are known for their work in the field of privatisation.  It was they who commissioned [[Stephen Littlechild]] in 1981 to write the paper &amp;quot;Ten steps to denationalisation&amp;quot;. Littlechild later became one of the four &amp;quot;regulators&amp;quot; who oversee 20% of the UK's GDP in the form of the four utilities: Gas, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications. They have also influenced the Government's minimum wage policy,  promoted the notion that &amp;quot;non-traditional&amp;quot; families (i.e. black and Asian) produce more delinquent children, and lately have advocated that &amp;quot;student loans should be charged at a higher rate of interest.&amp;quot; Mrs Thatcher herself stated that &amp;quot;What we have achieved could never have been done without the leadership of the IEA.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
===Water===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA has been a consistent advocate of increasing the 'purity' of the privatisation arrangements in the water industry in England and Wales.  Regards Scotland, two of the IEA's most influential members [[John Blundell]] and [[Colin Robinson]] have written regularly on the case for privatisation of Scotland's water services.  Colin Robinson wrote a particularly forceful advocacy of privatisation through the [[Policy Institute]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Policy Institute, [http://policyinstitute.info/resource/2007/10/robinsonmar05.pdf'Reviving the Scottish Water Industry'], accessed 12 June 2008 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  The IEA, in conjunction with [[Marketforce]] organise conferences considering issues pertaining to water and the commercial opportunities within the sector.  These conferences are economically prohibitive to people outside the industry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Tobacco===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA has also campaigned against the ban on smoking in pubs and tobacco displays in shops. It published a report in 2010 claiming the ban on tobacco risks 'significant economic damage and a deterioration in public health'. The claims have been questioned by researchers.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randeep Ramesh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/jul/14/anti-smoking-law-government-review Anti-smoking law may be overturned in government review], ''The Guardian'', 14 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Trade===&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2010 the Institute released a 130-page report that denounced the fair trade movement as 'froth', and fair trade as 'costly, opaque and substantially unproven'. Entitled Fair Trade without the Froth: A Dispassionate Economic Analysis of “Fair Trade”', the report argued that 'claims by the Fair Trade movement are seriously exaggerated'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; IEA, [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=release&amp;amp;ID=217 New research finds Fair Trade is a distraction, not a solution], 4 November 2010, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report received wide media coverage. The Guardian's John Vidal described the report as 'vicious' and pointed out that the author of the report, [[Sushil Mohan]] had spent years working as an adviser to the global tea and coffee industries. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; John Vidal, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/nov/04/fair-trade-under-attack A question for the fair trade critics: How much is human dignity worth?], The Guardian PovertyMattersBlog, 4 November 2010 16.23 GMT, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Organisation and status==&lt;br /&gt;
===Charitable status===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA states it is 'entirely funded by voluntary donations from individuals, companies and foundations ...it does no contract work, accepts no money from government and is independent of any political party. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&amp;amp;ID=23 IEA website] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However questions have been raised over its right to charitable status, with Labour MP Dale Campbell-Savours in a 1991 House of Commons debate&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-20/Debate-12.html Hansard HC, 20 June 1991] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; describing IEA's activities as &amp;quot;patently political&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Think tank networks and connections==&lt;br /&gt;
===Democracy Institute Connections===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to an article in ''the Guardian'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democracy Institute's [[Patrick Basham]] and [[John Luik]] launch their report, ''The war on working-class culture: How political elites denormalise a way of life'', on Thursday evening (6th May 2010) in Westminster at the Institute of Economic Affairs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Basham &amp;amp; John Luik, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/apr/29/health-paternalism-attacks-working-class Working class are under attack from health paternalism], ''The Guardian'', 29-April-2010, Accessed 13-May-2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stockholm Network===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs is a former member of the [[Stockholm Network]], they left the network in 2005 because 'as an educational charity we felt it was inappropriate to be a member of an organisation whose mission we could not control'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, [http://spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Image:Claire_Rusbridge_Institute_of_Economic_Affairs.jpg FW:Stockholm Network], ''Institute of Economic Affairs'', E-mail to Steven Harkins 12-May-2010, 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alex Singleton, [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/alexsingleton/8145947/freemarket_network_demands_bailout_for_pharmaceutical_industry/ Free-market network demands bail-out for pharmaceutical industry], Telegraph, January 19th, 2009, accessed 20 May 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Democracy Institute]] | [[Stockholm Network]] | [[University of St Andrews Liberty Club]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.libertyclub.org.uk/whoweare.htm Who We Are], Liberty Club (Accessed: 21 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, FW: Stockholm Network, E-mail to Steven Harkins, 12-May-2010 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Offshoots===&lt;br /&gt;
[[IEA Health and Welfare Unit]] | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[Institute for Civil Society]] | [[Civitas]] |  [[Centre for Social Cohesion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References, Resources and Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact===&lt;br /&gt;
2 [[Lord North Street]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Westminster&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
London&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
SW1P 3LB &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Website: http://www.iea.org.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Resources===&lt;br /&gt;
[[BBC:Institute of Economic Affairs]] - page on the IEA's attacks on the [[BBC]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;PBS, Command Heights, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/int_ralphharris.html Interview with Lord Ralph Harris, 17 July 2000]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===References===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Water: UK Actors]][[Category:Neoliberal Organisation]][[Category: Water]][[Category:GM]][[Category:Far-Right Think-Tanks (GM)]][[Category:GM Lobby Groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanks]][[Category:Tobacco]][[Category:Conservative movement]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190728</id>
		<title>Institute of Economic Affairs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190728"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:24:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Public Choice theory */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Lord Harris.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] in Adam Curtis's 1992 documentary ''Pandora's Box''. [[Ralph Harris|Harris]] discusses the Institute's meetings with [[Milton Friedman]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA)''' is a seminal free market think-tank based in London. Through its promotion of free market theorists like [[Milton Friedman]] it provided an intellectual rationale for business friendly political and economic reforms introduced by the Thatcher government in the UK - a political programme which later came to be known as neoliberalism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins and history==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Harris seldon and hayek.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] with their philosophical mentor [[Friedrich Hayek]] outside IEA's Westminster office in 1984.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ed Vaizey]] writes in ''The Sunday Times'':&lt;br /&gt;
:The oldest and biggest daddy of them all, the Institute of Economic Affairs, exists to propagate the ideas of free markets and privatisation. It has been going for nearly 50 years, and advises governments all over the world on ways to denationalise and bring in market systems.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Ed Vaizey]], &amp;quot;[http://web.archive.org/web/20040907005929/www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=news&amp;amp;ID=34 IEA is still the oldest and biggest daddy of them all!]&amp;quot;, ''Sunday Times'', 15 July 2002, accessed in Web Archive, 16 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs was set up in the mid-1950s by [[Antony Fisher]], an Old Etonian chicken farmer who had made his fortune by pioneering US battery farming techniques in the UK. [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] had joined the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] and had been advised by [[Friedrich von Hayek]] against going into politics to spread the neoliberal philosophy. Instead [[Friedrich von Hayek|Hayek]] recommended that [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] change society by targeting intellectual opinion. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four. See also Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] therefore founded IEA and recruited the Cambridge-trained economist [[Ralph Harris]] as director, and [[Arthur Seldon]] as research director. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' states: 'They would grow old together side by side, [[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] writing, [[Ralph Harris|Harris]]  hustling.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was incorporated on 29 March 1963 and registered as a charity on 25 August 1969. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Charity Commission, [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/ShowCharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=235351&amp;amp;SubsidiaryNumber=0 235351 - THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS LIMITED] [Accessed 9 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Conservative Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
In a March 2009 presentation [[Tim Montgomerie]] and [[Matthew Elliott]] described IEA as part of the infrastructure of the [[Movement Conservatism|conservative movement]] in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tim Montgomerie, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/2009/03/the-growth-of-b.html The growth of Britain's conservative movement], ConservativeHome, 14 March 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Views/Activities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Agriculture and the environment===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was founded in the 1950s by [[Antony Fisher]] out of a fortune made from intensively farmed broiler chickens (Buxted Chickens). Given a founding father who was both a pioneer of factory farming and an extreme free marketeer, it is hardly surprising  that the IEA has consistently promoted the view that deregulated intensive farming and unfettered 'free trade' are of great benefit to the environment. But it wasn't until the 1990s that the IEA started seriously to focus on environmental issues.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 the IEA warned that 'green' policies would lead to an 'ecological hell' and a plummeting standard of living. In 1993 the IEA launched its Environment Unit.  Its director was [[Roger Bate]]. A formal launch came in March 1994 to coincide with the publication of the Unit's first book, ''Global Warming: Apocalypse or Hot Air?'' The book was co-edited by Roger Bate and [[Julian Morris]]. Morris had been a Research Fellow at the IEA since 1993 and in July 1998 became the Environment Unit's co-director. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In August 1999, Bate and Morris published a book called ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and the Environment''. According to an IEA press release:&lt;br /&gt;
:The book shows that intensive agriculture is good for health and the environment, and is essential if the world's population is to be fed without converting vast areas of biodiverse ecosystems into cropland, which would be necessary if organic agriculture, with its lower yields, were used.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;IEA press release, cited by Andrew Rowell in &amp;quot;[http://ngin.tripod.com/godfathers.htm Organicised crime: The backlash against organic food has begun. But who is behind it?]&amp;quot;, The Ecologist, Vol. 31, No. 1, February 2001, accessed March 16 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It contained a chapter by [[Dennis Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]], 'The Fallacy of the Organic Utopia', and one defending GM crops co-written by [[John Hillman]] from the [[Scottish Crop Research Institute]] and [[Michael Wilson]] of [[Horticulture Research International]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bate and Morris are affiliated to a series of organizations, other than the Institute of Economic Affairs, several of which they founded themselves. Fearing Food was said to be a publication of the [[European Science and Environment Forum]] (ESEF), which Bate both co-founded (1994) and directed (the original ESEF website was registered by Morris). However, a press release announcing the book, headed 'Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food', was sent out in the name of the IEA.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food&amp;quot;, press release, Institute of Economic Affairs, 16 August 1999.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A year later, Morris appeared in his role as director of the IEA's Environment Unit in a ‘Counterblast’ programme on BBC 2 TV (broadcast 31 January, 2000). The programme was written and presented by Bate in his role as Director of ESEF. No mention was made of Bate's IEA affiliation and the same went for several other IEA intimates, such as IEA Media Fellow [[Richard D. North]]. The Counterblast series is intended by the BBC to allow 'members of the public' to air their views.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2000 the IEA hosted An Occasional Lecture at their offices in London, entitled 'Frankenfood and Monarch Butterflies'. It was given by [[Channapatna S. Prakash|CS Prakash]] of the [[AgBioWorld]] Foundation. AgBioWorld's campaign was co-founded by [[Greg Conko]] of the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]], where Bate is an adjunct fellow.                       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 2000 the assistance of the Institute of Economic Affairs was acknowledged by the authors of an anti-organic report launched in the U.S. The authors included [[Monsanto]]'s former director of executive communications, [[Graydon Forrer]], and [[Alex Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]]. The controversial ideas on organic food of Alex's father, [[Dennis Avery]], had been central to Fearing Food and the way in which Bate and Morris had launched it a year earlier (with a press release about &amp;quot;deadly organic food&amp;quot;, see above).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among others associated with the IEA's Environment Unit are [[Matt Ridley]] and [[Philip Stott]]. Stott claims to have 'no formal connections with the IEA' and not to 'share their economic views'. Note the stress on 'formal'. He entirely shares their antipathy towards environmental concerns, is close to Morris and Bate, has had a monograph published by the IEA, and has contributed to IEA-led events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA claims to have 'no corporate view' but this appears to be a device to enable the IEA to distance itself where convenient from the often controversial views promoted by its staff and associates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Public Choice theory===&lt;br /&gt;
In edition to promoting the free market economics and monetarism particularly associated with [[Friedrich Hayek]] and [[Milton Friedman]], the IEA also disseminated Public Choice theory, a branch of neoliberal thought which used rational choice theory as a basis for a critique of the public sector. Writing in 2000, IEA's [[Arthur Seldon]] wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:From the early 1960s onwards, the IEA published writings by the two founders of 'public' choice, Professors James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock... The first publication ['The Inconsistencies of the National Health Service'], in 1965, emerged from Professor Buchanan's observation at a discussion of the National Health Service that its incurable underlying dilemma was that the people would not pay taxes for as much (or as good) medical care as they desired or expected 'free' from government. Then, as still in our day, the explanation by sociologists and political scientists, that the cause was 'under-funding', was based on the continuing preoccupation with macro-economic rather than micro-economic thinking. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] also notes [[Gordon Tullck|Tullock's]] Hobart Paper ''The Vote Motive'', published in 1976, and an IEA publication ''The Economics of Politics'', which resulted from a two day conference attended by [[James Buchanan]] and economists from Canada the US and Switzerland. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viv.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Privatisation===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA are known for their work in the field of privatisation.  It was they who commissioned [[Stephen Littlechild]] in 1981 to write the paper &amp;quot;Ten steps to denationalisation&amp;quot;. Littlechild later became one of the four &amp;quot;regulators&amp;quot; who oversee 20% of the UK's GDP in the form of the four utilities: Gas, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications. They have also influenced the Government's minimum wage policy,  promoted the notion that &amp;quot;non-traditional&amp;quot; families (i.e. black and Asian) produce more delinquent children, and lately have advocated that &amp;quot;student loans should be charged at a higher rate of interest.&amp;quot; Mrs Thatcher herself stated that &amp;quot;What we have achieved could never have been done without the leadership of the IEA.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
===Water===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA has been a consistent advocate of increasing the 'purity' of the privatisation arrangements in the water industry in England and Wales.  Regards Scotland, two of the IEA's most influential members [[John Blundell]] and [[Colin Robinson]] have written regularly on the case for privatisation of Scotland's water services.  Colin Robinson wrote a particularly forceful advocacy of privatisation through the [[Policy Institute]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Policy Institute, [http://policyinstitute.info/resource/2007/10/robinsonmar05.pdf'Reviving the Scottish Water Industry'], accessed 12 June 2008 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  The IEA, in conjunction with [[Marketforce]] organise conferences considering issues pertaining to water and the commercial opportunities within the sector.  These conferences are economically prohibitive to people outside the industry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Tobacco===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA has also campaigned against the ban on smoking in pubs and tobacco displays in shops. It published a report in 2010 claiming the ban on tobacco risks 'significant economic damage and a deterioration in public health'. The claims have been questioned by researchers.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randeep Ramesh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/jul/14/anti-smoking-law-government-review Anti-smoking law may be overturned in government review], ''The Guardian'', 14 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Trade===&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2010 the Institute released a 130-page report that denounced the fair trade movement as 'froth', and fair trade as 'costly, opaque and substantially unproven'. Entitled Fair Trade without the Froth: A Dispassionate Economic Analysis of “Fair Trade”', the report argued that 'claims by the Fair Trade movement are seriously exaggerated'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; IEA, [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=release&amp;amp;ID=217 New research finds Fair Trade is a distraction, not a solution], 4 November 2010, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report received wide media coverage. The Guardian's John Vidal described the report as 'vicious' and pointed out that the author of the report, [[Sushil Mohan]] had spent years working as an adviser to the global tea and coffee industries. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; John Vidal, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/nov/04/fair-trade-under-attack A question for the fair trade critics: How much is human dignity worth?], The Guardian PovertyMattersBlog, 4 November 2010 16.23 GMT, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Organisation and status==&lt;br /&gt;
===Charitable status===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA states it is 'entirely funded by voluntary donations from individuals, companies and foundations ...it does no contract work, accepts no money from government and is independent of any political party. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&amp;amp;ID=23 IEA website] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However questions have been raised over its right to charitable status, with Labour MP Dale Campbell-Savours in a 1991 House of Commons debate&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-20/Debate-12.html Hansard HC, 20 June 1991] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; describing IEA's activities as &amp;quot;patently political&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Think tank networks and connections==&lt;br /&gt;
===Democracy Institute Connections===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to an article in ''the Guardian'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democracy Institute's [[Patrick Basham]] and [[John Luik]] launch their report, ''The war on working-class culture: How political elites denormalise a way of life'', on Thursday evening (6th May 2010) in Westminster at the Institute of Economic Affairs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Basham &amp;amp; John Luik, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/apr/29/health-paternalism-attacks-working-class Working class are under attack from health paternalism], ''The Guardian'', 29-April-2010, Accessed 13-May-2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stockholm Network===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs is a former member of the [[Stockholm Network]], they left the network in 2005 because 'as an educational charity we felt it was inappropriate to be a member of an organisation whose mission we could not control'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, [http://spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Image:Claire_Rusbridge_Institute_of_Economic_Affairs.jpg FW:Stockholm Network], ''Institute of Economic Affairs'', E-mail to Steven Harkins 12-May-2010, 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alex Singleton, [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/alexsingleton/8145947/freemarket_network_demands_bailout_for_pharmaceutical_industry/ Free-market network demands bail-out for pharmaceutical industry], Telegraph, January 19th, 2009, accessed 20 May 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Democracy Institute]] | [[Stockholm Network]] | [[University of St Andrews Liberty Club]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.libertyclub.org.uk/whoweare.htm Who We Are], Liberty Club (Accessed: 21 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, FW: Stockholm Network, E-mail to Steven Harkins, 12-May-2010 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Offshoots===&lt;br /&gt;
[[IEA Health and Welfare Unit]] | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[Institute for Civil Society]] | [[Civitas]] |  [[Centre for Social Cohesion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References, Resources and Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact===&lt;br /&gt;
2 [[Lord North Street]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Westminster&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
London&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
SW1P 3LB &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Website: http://www.iea.org.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Resources===&lt;br /&gt;
[[BBC:Institute of Economic Affairs]] - page on the IEA's attacks on the [[BBC]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;PBS, Command Heights, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/int_ralphharris.html Interview with Lord Ralph Harris, 17 July 2000]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===References===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Water: UK Actors]][[Category:Neoliberal Organisation]][[Category: Water]][[Category:GM]][[Category:Far-Right Think-Tanks (GM)]][[Category:GM Lobby Groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanks]][[Category:Tobacco]][[Category:Conservative movement]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190727</id>
		<title>Institute of Economic Affairs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Institute_of_Economic_Affairs&amp;diff=190727"/>
		<updated>2013-10-26T11:19:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Views/Activities */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Lord Harris.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] in Adam Curtis's 1992 documentary ''Pandora's Box''. [[Ralph Harris|Harris]] discusses the Institute's meetings with [[Milton Friedman]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
The '''Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA)''' is a seminal free market think-tank based in London. Through its promotion of free market theorists like [[Milton Friedman]] it provided an intellectual rationale for business friendly political and economic reforms introduced by the Thatcher government in the UK - a political programme which later came to be known as neoliberalism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Origins and history==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Harris seldon and hayek.jpg|thumb|280px|right|[[Ralph Harris]] and [[Arthur Seldon]] with their philosophical mentor [[Friedrich Hayek]] outside IEA's Westminster office in 1984.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ed Vaizey]] writes in ''The Sunday Times'':&lt;br /&gt;
:The oldest and biggest daddy of them all, the Institute of Economic Affairs, exists to propagate the ideas of free markets and privatisation. It has been going for nearly 50 years, and advises governments all over the world on ways to denationalise and bring in market systems.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Ed Vaizey]], &amp;quot;[http://web.archive.org/web/20040907005929/www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=news&amp;amp;ID=34 IEA is still the oldest and biggest daddy of them all!]&amp;quot;, ''Sunday Times'', 15 July 2002, accessed in Web Archive, 16 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs was set up in the mid-1950s by [[Antony Fisher]], an Old Etonian chicken farmer who had made his fortune by pioneering US battery farming techniques in the UK. [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] had joined the [[Mont Pelerin Society]] and had been advised by [[Friedrich von Hayek]] against going into politics to spread the neoliberal philosophy. Instead [[Friedrich von Hayek|Hayek]] recommended that [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] change society by targeting intellectual opinion. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'', broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four. See also Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Antony Fisher|Fisher]] therefore founded IEA and recruited the Cambridge-trained economist [[Ralph Harris]] as director, and [[Arthur Seldon]] as research director. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Brian Wheeler, '[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4766446.stm Tory! Tory! Tory! (Part one)]', BBC News Online, 8 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[BBC]] documentary ''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' states: 'They would grow old together side by side, [[Arthur Seldon|Seldon]] writing, [[Ralph Harris|Harris]]  hustling.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Tory! Tory! Tory!'' broadcast Friday, 10 August from 2340 BST on BBC Four.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was incorporated on 29 March 1963 and registered as a charity on 25 August 1969. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Charity Commission, [http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/ShowCharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=235351&amp;amp;SubsidiaryNumber=0 235351 - THE INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS LIMITED] [Accessed 9 October 2009]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Conservative Movement===&lt;br /&gt;
In a March 2009 presentation [[Tim Montgomerie]] and [[Matthew Elliott]] described IEA as part of the infrastructure of the [[Movement Conservatism|conservative movement]] in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tim Montgomerie, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/2009/03/the-growth-of-b.html The growth of Britain's conservative movement], ConservativeHome, 14 March 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Views/Activities==&lt;br /&gt;
===Agriculture and the environment===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA was founded in the 1950s by [[Antony Fisher]] out of a fortune made from intensively farmed broiler chickens (Buxted Chickens). Given a founding father who was both a pioneer of factory farming and an extreme free marketeer, it is hardly surprising  that the IEA has consistently promoted the view that deregulated intensive farming and unfettered 'free trade' are of great benefit to the environment. But it wasn't until the 1990s that the IEA started seriously to focus on environmental issues.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1990 the IEA warned that 'green' policies would lead to an 'ecological hell' and a plummeting standard of living. In 1993 the IEA launched its Environment Unit.  Its director was [[Roger Bate]]. A formal launch came in March 1994 to coincide with the publication of the Unit's first book, ''Global Warming: Apocalypse or Hot Air?'' The book was co-edited by Roger Bate and [[Julian Morris]]. Morris had been a Research Fellow at the IEA since 1993 and in July 1998 became the Environment Unit's co-director. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In August 1999, Bate and Morris published a book called ''Fearing Food: Risk, Health and the Environment''. According to an IEA press release:&lt;br /&gt;
:The book shows that intensive agriculture is good for health and the environment, and is essential if the world's population is to be fed without converting vast areas of biodiverse ecosystems into cropland, which would be necessary if organic agriculture, with its lower yields, were used.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;IEA press release, cited by Andrew Rowell in &amp;quot;[http://ngin.tripod.com/godfathers.htm Organicised crime: The backlash against organic food has begun. But who is behind it?]&amp;quot;, The Ecologist, Vol. 31, No. 1, February 2001, accessed March 16 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It contained a chapter by [[Dennis Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]], 'The Fallacy of the Organic Utopia', and one defending GM crops co-written by [[John Hillman]] from the [[Scottish Crop Research Institute]] and [[Michael Wilson]] of [[Horticulture Research International]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bate and Morris are affiliated to a series of organizations, other than the Institute of Economic Affairs, several of which they founded themselves. Fearing Food was said to be a publication of the [[European Science and Environment Forum]] (ESEF), which Bate both co-founded (1994) and directed (the original ESEF website was registered by Morris). However, a press release announcing the book, headed 'Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food', was sent out in the name of the IEA.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Londoners demand regulation of potentially deadly organic food&amp;quot;, press release, Institute of Economic Affairs, 16 August 1999.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A year later, Morris appeared in his role as director of the IEA's Environment Unit in a ‘Counterblast’ programme on BBC 2 TV (broadcast 31 January, 2000). The programme was written and presented by Bate in his role as Director of ESEF. No mention was made of Bate's IEA affiliation and the same went for several other IEA intimates, such as IEA Media Fellow [[Richard D. North]]. The Counterblast series is intended by the BBC to allow 'members of the public' to air their views.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 2000 the IEA hosted An Occasional Lecture at their offices in London, entitled 'Frankenfood and Monarch Butterflies'. It was given by [[Channapatna S. Prakash|CS Prakash]] of the [[AgBioWorld]] Foundation. AgBioWorld's campaign was co-founded by [[Greg Conko]] of the [[Competitive Enterprise Institute]], where Bate is an adjunct fellow.                       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In September 2000 the assistance of the Institute of Economic Affairs was acknowledged by the authors of an anti-organic report launched in the U.S. The authors included [[Monsanto]]'s former director of executive communications, [[Graydon Forrer]], and [[Alex Avery]] of the [[Hudson Institute]]. The controversial ideas on organic food of Alex's father, [[Dennis Avery]], had been central to Fearing Food and the way in which Bate and Morris had launched it a year earlier (with a press release about &amp;quot;deadly organic food&amp;quot;, see above).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Among others associated with the IEA's Environment Unit are [[Matt Ridley]] and [[Philip Stott]]. Stott claims to have 'no formal connections with the IEA' and not to 'share their economic views'. Note the stress on 'formal'. He entirely shares their antipathy towards environmental concerns, is close to Morris and Bate, has had a monograph published by the IEA, and has contributed to IEA-led events.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA claims to have 'no corporate view' but this appears to be a device to enable the IEA to distance itself where convenient from the often controversial views promoted by its staff and associates.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Public Choice theory===&lt;br /&gt;
In edition to promoting the free market economics and monetarism particularly associated with [[Friedrich Hayek]] and [[Milton Friedman]], the IEA also disseminated Public Choice theory, a branch of neoliberal thought which used rational choice theory as a basis for a critique of the public sector. Writing in 2000, IEA's [[Arthur Seldon]] wrote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From the early 1960s onwards, the IEA published writings by the two founders of 'public' choice, Professors James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock... The first publication ['The Inconsistencies of the National Health Service'], in 1965, emerged from Professor Buchanan's observation at a discussion of the National Health Service that its incurable underlying dilemma was that the people would not pay taxes for as much (or as good) medical care as they desired or expected 'free' from government. Then, as still in our day, the explanation by sociologists and political scientists, that the cause was 'under-funding', was based on the continuing preoccupation with macro-economic rather than micro-economic thinking. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tullock, Gordon, Arthur Seldon, and Gordon L. Brady. ''Government: Whose Obedient Servant?: a Primer in Public Choice''. London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 2000, p.viii.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Privatisation===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA are known for their work in the field of privatisation.  It was they who commissioned [[Stephen Littlechild]] in 1981 to write the paper &amp;quot;Ten steps to denationalisation&amp;quot;. Littlechild later became one of the four &amp;quot;regulators&amp;quot; who oversee 20% of the UK's GDP in the form of the four utilities: Gas, Water, Electricity and Telecommunications. They have also influenced the Government's minimum wage policy,  promoted the notion that &amp;quot;non-traditional&amp;quot; families (i.e. black and Asian) produce more delinquent children, and lately have advocated that &amp;quot;student loans should be charged at a higher rate of interest.&amp;quot; Mrs Thatcher herself stated that &amp;quot;What we have achieved could never have been done without the leadership of the IEA.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
===Water===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA has been a consistent advocate of increasing the 'purity' of the privatisation arrangements in the water industry in England and Wales.  Regards Scotland, two of the IEA's most influential members [[John Blundell]] and [[Colin Robinson]] have written regularly on the case for privatisation of Scotland's water services.  Colin Robinson wrote a particularly forceful advocacy of privatisation through the [[Policy Institute]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Policy Institute, [http://policyinstitute.info/resource/2007/10/robinsonmar05.pdf'Reviving the Scottish Water Industry'], accessed 12 June 2008 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  The IEA, in conjunction with [[Marketforce]] organise conferences considering issues pertaining to water and the commercial opportunities within the sector.  These conferences are economically prohibitive to people outside the industry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Tobacco===&lt;br /&gt;
IEA has also campaigned against the ban on smoking in pubs and tobacco displays in shops. It published a report in 2010 claiming the ban on tobacco risks 'significant economic damage and a deterioration in public health'. The claims have been questioned by researchers.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randeep Ramesh, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/jul/14/anti-smoking-law-government-review Anti-smoking law may be overturned in government review], ''The Guardian'', 14 July 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fair Trade===&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2010 the Institute released a 130-page report that denounced the fair trade movement as 'froth', and fair trade as 'costly, opaque and substantially unproven'. Entitled Fair Trade without the Froth: A Dispassionate Economic Analysis of “Fair Trade”', the report argued that 'claims by the Fair Trade movement are seriously exaggerated'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; IEA, [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=release&amp;amp;ID=217 New research finds Fair Trade is a distraction, not a solution], 4 November 2010, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The report received wide media coverage. The Guardian's John Vidal described the report as 'vicious' and pointed out that the author of the report, [[Sushil Mohan]] had spent years working as an adviser to the global tea and coffee industries. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; John Vidal, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2010/nov/04/fair-trade-under-attack A question for the fair trade critics: How much is human dignity worth?], The Guardian PovertyMattersBlog, 4 November 2010 16.23 GMT, accessed 9 November 2010. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Organisation and status==&lt;br /&gt;
===Charitable status===&lt;br /&gt;
The IEA states it is 'entirely funded by voluntary donations from individuals, companies and foundations ...it does no contract work, accepts no money from government and is independent of any political party. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.iea.org.uk/record.jsp?type=page&amp;amp;ID=23 IEA website] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However questions have been raised over its right to charitable status, with Labour MP Dale Campbell-Savours in a 1991 House of Commons debate&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199091/cmhansrd/1991-06-20/Debate-12.html Hansard HC, 20 June 1991] accessed 9 June 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; describing IEA's activities as &amp;quot;patently political&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Think tank networks and connections==&lt;br /&gt;
===Democracy Institute Connections===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to an article in ''the Guardian'':&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The Democracy Institute's [[Patrick Basham]] and [[John Luik]] launch their report, ''The war on working-class culture: How political elites denormalise a way of life'', on Thursday evening (6th May 2010) in Westminster at the Institute of Economic Affairs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Basham &amp;amp; John Luik, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/apr/29/health-paternalism-attacks-working-class Working class are under attack from health paternalism], ''The Guardian'', 29-April-2010, Accessed 13-May-2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Stockholm Network===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Institute of Economic Affairs is a former member of the [[Stockholm Network]], they left the network in 2005 because 'as an educational charity we felt it was inappropriate to be a member of an organisation whose mission we could not control'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, [http://spinprofiles.org/index.php?title=Image:Claire_Rusbridge_Institute_of_Economic_Affairs.jpg FW:Stockholm Network], ''Institute of Economic Affairs'', E-mail to Steven Harkins 12-May-2010, 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alex Singleton, [http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/alexsingleton/8145947/freemarket_network_demands_bailout_for_pharmaceutical_industry/ Free-market network demands bail-out for pharmaceutical industry], Telegraph, January 19th, 2009, accessed 20 May 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Democracy Institute]] | [[Stockholm Network]] | [[University of St Andrews Liberty Club]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.libertyclub.org.uk/whoweare.htm Who We Are], Liberty Club (Accessed: 21 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Clare Rusbridge, FW: Stockholm Network, E-mail to Steven Harkins, 12-May-2010 6:05pm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; |&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Offshoots===&lt;br /&gt;
[[IEA Health and Welfare Unit]] | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[Institute for Civil Society]] | [[Civitas]] |  [[Centre for Social Cohesion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References, Resources and Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact===&lt;br /&gt;
2 [[Lord North Street]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Westminster&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
London&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
SW1P 3LB &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Website: http://www.iea.org.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Resources===&lt;br /&gt;
[[BBC:Institute of Economic Affairs]] - page on the IEA's attacks on the [[BBC]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;PBS, Command Heights, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/minitextlo/int_ralphharris.html Interview with Lord Ralph Harris, 17 July 2000]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===References===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Water: UK Actors]][[Category:Neoliberal Organisation]][[Category: Water]][[Category:GM]][[Category:Far-Right Think-Tanks (GM)]][[Category:GM Lobby Groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Think Tanks]][[Category:Tobacco]][[Category:Conservative movement]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184238</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184238"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:52:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with dubious 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with dubious 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' broadcast in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/index.php/component/k2/item/528-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was also connected to another dubious terrorism expert called [[Simon Barrett]], a former advisor who set up a number of alarmist organisations promoting confrontation with Iran before spending a period working at the neoconservative [[Henry Jackson Society]]. Spinwatch uncovered evidence that one such organisation, [[Réalité EU]], &lt;br /&gt;
was a covert propaganda operation run by a pro-Israel organisation in the United States (see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/index.php/tom-griffin/item/529-realite-eu-front-group-for-the-washington-based-israel-project Réalité-EU: Front group for the Washington-based Israel Project?], Spinwatch, 30 October 2009).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184237</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184237"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:36:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with dubious 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' broadcast in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was also connected to another dubious terrorism expert called [[Simon Barrett]], a former advisor who set up a number of alarmist organisations promoting confrontation with Iran before spending a period working at the neoconservative [[Henry Jackson Society]]. Spinwatch uncovered evidence that one such organisation, [[Réalité EU]], &lt;br /&gt;
was a covert propaganda operation run by a pro-Israel organisation in the United States (see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/index.php/tom-griffin/item/529-realite-eu-front-group-for-the-washington-based-israel-project Réalité-EU: Front group for the Washington-based Israel Project?], Spinwatch, 30 October 2009).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184236</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184236"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:35:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' broadcast in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was also connected to another dubious terrorism expert called [[Simon Barrett]], a former advisor who set up a number of alarmist organisations promoting confrontation with Iran before spending a period working at the neoconservative [[Henry Jackson Society]]. Spinwatch uncovered evidence that one such organisation, [[Réalité EU]], &lt;br /&gt;
was a covert propaganda operation run by a pro-Israel organisation in the United States (see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/index.php/tom-griffin/item/529-realite-eu-front-group-for-the-washington-based-israel-project Réalité-EU: Front group for the Washington-based Israel Project?], Spinwatch, 30 October 2009).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184235</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184235"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:25:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' broadcast in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was also connected to another dubious terrorism expert called [[Simon Barrett]], a former advisor who set up a number of alarmist organisations promoting confrontation with Iran before spending a period working at the neoconservative [[Henry Jackson Society]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184234</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184234"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:23:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was also connected to another dubious terrorism expert called [[Simon Barrett]], a former advisor who set up a number of alarmist organisations promoting confrontation with Iran before spending a period working at the neoconservative [[Henry Jackson Society]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184233</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184233"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:18:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Patrick Mercer with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184232</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184232"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:17:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|[[Patrick Mercer]] with [[Dominic Whiteman]] outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (For more on [[VIGIL]], [[Dominic Whiteman|Whiteman]] and [[Glen Jenvey|Jenvey]] see Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184231</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184231"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:15:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts' */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|[[Patrick Mercer]] with [[Dominic Whiteman]]outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]], who later set up a website called [[Westminster Journal]] to promote his ‘poetry and political philosophy essays’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Dominicwhiteman.blogspot.pdf|PDF]] of dominicwhiteman.blogspot.com, created 20 November 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184230</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184230"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:14:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections with amateur 'terrorism experts'==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Mercer and Whiteman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|[[Patrick Mercer]] with [[Dominic Whiteman]]outside New Scotland Yard]]&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer was at one stage connected with a mysterious and probably amateurish terrorism research group called [[VIGIL]], which was behind alarmist reports on Muslim extremists by BBC 2's ''Newsnight'' and Radio 4's ''File on 4'' in November 2006. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Andrew Alderson, '[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1534575/Working-on-the-internet-from-an-anonymous-city-office,-the-shadowy-figures-exposing-Islamic-extremism.html Working on the internet from an anonymous city office, the shadowy figures exposing Islamic extremism]', Telegraph.co.uk, 19 November 2006&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The main figure behind [[VIGIL]] was its founder [[Dominic Whiteman]]. The only other member named in press reports was [[Glen Jenvey]], who was later revealed to have fabricated terrorism threats and was arrested on suspicion of inciting religious hatred. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abul Taher, ‘[http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/dec/31/glen-jenvey-arrested Glen Jenvey, man behind Sun's Sugar splash, arrested over religious hatred]’, ''Guardian'', 31 December 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184229</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184229"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:04:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC ''Panorama'' programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184228</id>
		<title>Patrick Mercer</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Patrick_Mercer&amp;diff=184228"/>
		<updated>2013-05-31T12:03:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Template:Northern_Ireland_badge}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Patrick Mercer.jpg|right|thumb|Patrick Mercer]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Patrick Mercer''' (born 26 June 1956) is a conservative politician who has worked for the military and the BBC. He was shadow minister for Homeland Security between 2003 and 2007 during which time he was quoted widely on security and terrorism issues. He left the Tory frontbench in 2007 after making allegedly racist comments and in May 2013 resigned  the Tory whip over a BBC Panorama programme alleging he had broken lobbying rules. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He has also worked as a consultant for the private security firm [[Blue Hackle]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was principally involved in Iraqi corporate protection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Mercer went to Private School in Chester. He joined Sandhurst in 1975, suggesting that he spent a year there in-between school and university, after which he attended Exeter College, Oxford. He received an MA in modern history in 1980. Mercer then joined the British Army. In 1986 he was part of a military training team in Uganda and in 1988 he attended the Army Staff College in Camberley, where he was later an instructor between 1994-95.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Debrett's People of Today, (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He also taught at the Army’s University at Cranfield. During the 1990s Mercer completed nine tours in Northern Ireland and commanded a battalion in Bosnia, Canada and Tidworth.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left the Army and became the Defence Reporter for BBC Radio 4’s ''Today Programme''. He reported from a number of trouble spots, notably Kosovo. Upon being selected as the Tory’s candidate in Newark, he left the ''Today Programme'' and became a freelance journalist writing for the ''[[Daily Telegraph]]''. He was also part of the [[King’s College London]] Team that had been sent to design defence policy for East Timor.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In June 2003, Mercer was appointed to a newly created front bench position – Shadow Minister for Homeland Security - a position he held until March 2007 when he was demoted by [[David Cameron]] after saying that during his Army career he had seen “a lot of ethnic minority soldiers who were idle and useless, but who used racism as cover for their misdemeanours.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6431865.stm Profile: Patrick Mercer], BBC News Online, 8 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is now a member of the [[Home Affairs Select Committee]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.patrickmercer.org.uk/type3.asp?id=96&amp;amp;type=3 About Patrick], www.patrickmercer.org.uk, (accessed 2 May 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Visit to Afghanistan==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004 [[Saladin Security]] paid for Patrick Mercer the Conservative MP for Newark and Retford to visit Afghanistan. The entry in Mercer's register of interests reads as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;19-25 June 2004, to Afghanistan and Pakistan on fact-finding visit. Flights and accommodation paid for by Saladin Security Limited. (Registered 29 June 2004)&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Patrick Mercer, [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/regmem/?f=2005-01-28 Overseas Trips], ''They Work For You'', Accessed 17-September-2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*BBC&lt;br /&gt;
*[[United Kingdom National Defence Association]] - Civilian Vice President&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blue Hackle]] - Consultant &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;House of Commons, Register of Members' Interests, [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/cmregmem/070730/memi19.htm MERCER, Patrick (Newark)] ''(Registered 7 June 2007)''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservative Middle East Council]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[International School for Security and Explosives Education]] - on advisory board&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Saladin Security]] – paid for flights and accommodation for fact finding mission to Afghanistan and Pakistan in June 2004&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hart Group]] – Paid travel and visa costs for fact finding mission to Iraq in January 2004&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact information==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Address'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark and Retford Conservative Association&lt;br /&gt;
:Belvedere&lt;br /&gt;
:London Road&lt;br /&gt;
:NG24 1TN&lt;br /&gt;
:Newark &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Fax: 01636 612837 &lt;br /&gt;
:Email: graysj@parliament.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Tom Mills and David Miller, [http://www.spinwatch.org/-articles-by-category-mainmenu-8/74-terror-spin/5315-the-british-amateur-terror-trackers-a-case-study-in-dubious-politics The British amateur terror trackers: A case study in dubious politics], Spinwatch, 26 August 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.ministryoftruth.me.uk/2009/10/09/exclusive-second-tabloid-terror-threat-story-exposed-as-a-fake/ EXCLUSIVE: SECOND TABLOID TERROR THREAT STORY EXPOSED AS A FAKE], Ministry of Truth, 9 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
*Tim Ireland, [http://www.bloggerheads.com/archives/2009/10/patrick_mercer.asp Patrick Mercer: putting political agenda ahead of principle], Bloggerheads, 22 October 2009.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:MP|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:British Politician|Mercer, Patrick]][[Category:State Violence and Collusion Project|Mercer, Patrick]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Palestinian_Media_Watch&amp;diff=183525</id>
		<title>Palestinian Media Watch</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Palestinian_Media_Watch&amp;diff=183525"/>
		<updated>2013-04-24T18:47:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Palestinian Media Watch''' (PMW) (not to be confused with [[Palestine Media Watch]] (PMWATCH)) is an Israeli NGO founded by 'counter terrorism analyst' [[Itamar Marcus]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Itamar Marcus', [http://www.analyst-network.com/profile.php?user_id=104 International Analyst Network website], accessed 28 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; According to the website organizations.co.il, it was registered on 10 February 2002 under corporation number 580399400. The organisation's website claims that &amp;quot;Palestinian Media Watch was established in 1996 to gain an understanding of Palestinian society through the monitoring of the Palestinian Arabic language media and schoolbooks. Palestinian Media Watch analyzes Palestinian Authority culture and society from numerous perspectives, including studies on summer camps, poetry, schoolbooks, religious ideology, crossword puzzles, and more.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'About Us', [http://www.pmw.org.il/ PMW website], accessed 26 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The banner on PMW's website, 'A &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Self&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Portrait of Palestinian Society' [emphasis added], appears to be a misnomer as it belies the organisation's Israeli credentials. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.pmw.org.il/ PMW website], accessed 26 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Beyond the moderate rhetoric of its official remit of 'gain[ing] an understanding' and 'analyz[ing]...culture and society from numerous perspectives', &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'About Us', [http://www.pmw.org.il/ PMW website], accessed 26 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; PMW's recent extra-curricular activities include alleging that Norwegian aid money is used to fund Palestinian childrens' television programmes, the purpose of which, according to Marcus, 'is to get hold of children while they are young and shape them in the way they [the Palestinian Authority/Fatah] want.' Marcus continues, 'No, it does not seem like [[Jonas Gahr Støre]] [Norwegian Foreign Minister] knows what he helps financing' [sic]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Norway finances Israel-hate', [http://www.pmw.org.il/Bulletins_oct2008.html#b231008 PMW website], September 2008. (Accessed 28 April, 2009)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;       &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Criticism==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While at the helm of the [[Center for Monitoring the Impact of Peace]] (1998-2000), Marcus was criticised by ''Ha'aretz'' journalist, [[Akiva Eldar]], who reported that: &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;In recent years Marcus has been making a living translating and disseminating defamatory communications against Israel, extracted by his staff from Palestinian publications. Marcus, a settler, used to work for [[David Bar Illan]], [[Benjamin Netanyahu]]'s PR chief, and served on the [[Joint Israeli Palestinian Anti-Incitement Committee]]. Marcus's center routinely feeds the media with excerpts from &amp;quot;Palestinian&amp;quot; textbooks that call for Israel's annihilation. He doesn't bother to point out that the texts quoted in fact come from Egypt and Jordan.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Akiva Eldar, '[http://www.robat.scl.net/content/NAD/issues/pl_textbooks/what_did_u_study.php What Did You Study In School Today, Palestinian Child?]',  ''Ha'aretz'', 2 January, 2001. (Accessed 28 April, 2009)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Users of PMW materials==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In response to Toronto newspaper &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Globe &amp;amp; Mail&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;'s 'See Hamas for What It Is' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'See Hamas for What It Is', [http://www.pmw.org.il/getresults/media/i20586.html ''The Globe &amp;amp; Mail''], 15 February, 2006. (Accessed 28 April, 2009)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; of 15 February, 2006, Samah Sabawi wrote that:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;the Globe &amp;amp; Mail's editorial relied on Palestinian Media Watch - a well-known right-wing propaganda site run by Itamar Marcus, an Israeli settler notorious for his jaundiced views of the Palestinians. In fact, much of the wording (the translation) printed in the editorial came directly from the PMW website. Thus, the Globe has relied entirely on a scurrilous anti-Palestinian screed without referencing that source; I believe the correct word for this is plagiarism.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Samah Sabawi, 'Hamas and the Missing Video', [http://www.counterpunch.org/sabawi02232006.html ''CounterPunch''], 23 February, 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Haaretz'' reported in January 2012 that the Israeli Prime Minister's Bureau and other government offices were increasing relying on Palestinian Media Watch and [[MEMRI]] because of a shortfall in coverage of Arab media by [[Unit Hatzav]]..&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;IDFlapse&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Barak Ravid, [http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/officials-israel-outsources-monitoring-of-palestinian-media-after-idf-lapse-1.410082 Officials: Israel outsources monitoring of Palestinian media after IDF lapse], ''Haaretz'', 31 January 2012.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==People==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Itamar Marcus]] - Founder and Director &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Itamar Marcus', [http://www.analyst-network.com/profile.php?user_id=104 International Analyst Network website], accessed 28 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Barbara Crook]] - Associate Director and North American representative &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Barbara Crook', [http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&amp;amp;LNGID=1&amp;amp;TMID=610&amp;amp;FID=253&amp;amp;PID=0&amp;amp;IID=1033 JCPA website], accessed 28 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Center for Monitoring the Impact of Peace]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Itamar Marcus', [http://www.analyst-network.com/profile.php?user_id=104 International Analyst Network website], accessed 28 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]] &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Barbara Crook', [http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&amp;amp;LNGID=1&amp;amp;TMID=610&amp;amp;FID=253&amp;amp;PID=0&amp;amp;IID=1033 JCPA website], accessed 28 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*Israeli delegation to the Tri-lateral [American, Israeli and Palestinian] Committee to Monitor Incitement &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'About Us', [http://www.pmw.org.il/ PMW website], accessed 26 April, 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Funding==&lt;br /&gt;
The [[Lewis Family Charitable Trust]] donated £15,000 to PMW in 2007&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends92/0000259892_AC_20070531_E_C.PDF  Trustees' Report and Financial Statements 2007], Lewis Family Charitable Trust via the Charity Commission, accessed 13 August 2012&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and again in 2008&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Accounts/Ends92/0000259892_AC_20080531_E_C.PDF Trustees' Report and Financial Statements 2008], Lewis Family Charitable Trust via the Charity Commission, accessed 13 August 2012&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Israel]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181727</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181727"/>
		<updated>2013-02-26T12:20:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Biography */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was born on 19 November 1917, the only son of Major J.C. Hamilton. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Marriages', ''The Times'', 9 July 1946, p.6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Middle East, India, Burma and China and served on Gerald Templar’s staff during the so called ‘Malaya Emergency’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He officially retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After retiring from the military Hamilton worked as a ‘security officer’ in the Cyprus Government from 1957 to 1960 and a security advisor to the then Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe), Sir Edgar Whitehead, from 1957 to 1960. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181726</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181726"/>
		<updated>2013-02-26T12:18:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was born on 19 November 1917, the only son of Major J.C. Hamilton. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Marriages', ''The Times'', 9 July 1946, p.6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Middle East, India, Burma and China and served on Gerald Templar’s staff during the so called ‘Malaya Emergency’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He officially retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After retiring from the military Hamilton worked as a ‘security officer’ in the Cyprus Government from 1957 to 1960 and a security advisor to the then Prime Minister of South Rhodesia, Sir Edgar Whitehead from 1957 to 1960. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181725</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181725"/>
		<updated>2013-02-26T12:18:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was born on 19 November 1917, the only son of Major J.C. Hamilton. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Marriages', ''The Times'', 9 July 1946, p.6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Middle East, India, Burma and China and served on Gerald Templar’s staff during the so called ‘Malaya Emergency’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He officially retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and from &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After retiring from the military Hamilton worked as a ‘security officer’ in the Cyprus Government from 1957 to 1960 and a security advisor to the then Prime Minister of South Rhodesia, Sir Edgar Whitehead from 1957 to 1960. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181724</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181724"/>
		<updated>2013-02-26T12:17:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Biography */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was born on 19 November 1917, the only son of Major J.C. Hamilton. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Marriages', ''The Times'', 9 July 1946, p.6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He served in the Middle East, India, Burma and China and served on Gerald Templar’s staff during the so called ‘Malaya Emergency’. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He officially retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and from &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton then worked as a ‘security officer’ in the Cyprus Government from 1957 to 1960 and from 1957 to 1960 was a security advisor to the then Prime Minister of South Rhodesia, Sir Edgar Whitehead. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton, ‘The Police and the Security Industry’, ''Police Journal'', No.4, 1968, p. 261.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181672</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181672"/>
		<updated>2013-02-25T17:13:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was born on 19 November 1917, the only son of Major J.C. Hamilton. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Marriages', ''The Times'', 9 July 1946, p.6.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguised services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181671</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181671"/>
		<updated>2013-02-25T17:02:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton served in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment during the Second World War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 15 November 1940, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34995/supplements/6622 p.6622.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; after which he became a Captain &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 28 June 1946, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37635/supplements/3376 p.3376.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and then a Major in the West Yorkshire Regiment. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 23 June 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/39896/supplements/3520 p.3520.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In October 1953 he was awarded an MBE 'in recognition of gallant and distinguised services in Malaya' earlier that year. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 27 October 1953, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/40000/supplements/5771 p.5771.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He retired from the Army on 31 December 1958. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''London Gazette'', 16 January 1959, [http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/41609/supplements/483 p.483.]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nuclear Spin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181594</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181594"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T14:17:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]], an Old Etonian and a former director of Morgan Grenfell (1972–79) and Italian International Bank plc (1978–89). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘[http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U7342 BERNARD, Sir Dallas (Edmund)]’, ''Who's Who 2013'', A &amp;amp; C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012, [accessed 21 Feb 2013]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181593</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181593"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:56:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was also a director of a related security company, [[Securipol Ltd]], along with [[Dallas Bernard|Sir Dallas Bernard]] and [[Luigi Cereda|Commendatore Luigi Cereda]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181592</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181592"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:43:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Major Peter James Sidney Hamilton''' (born 19 November 1917) was a security consultant who headed [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] - a company hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181591</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181591"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:35:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Publications */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' (born 1917) was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton [http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Espionage_and_subversion_in_an_industria.html?id=2r-4AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management], Hutchinson, 1967. ISBN-10: 0090841700 ISBN-13: 978-0090841707&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ‘Security is an attitude’, in Noel Currer-Briggs (ed.), ''Security: Attitudes and Techniques for Management'', London: Hutchinson, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, Legislating for security’, ''Security Gazette'', March 1974, pp.94-5.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; A. Norman (eds.), Handbook of Security, London: Kluer/Harrap, 1975.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181590</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181590"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:23:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' (born 1917) was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton [http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Espionage_and_subversion_in_an_industria.html?id=2r-4AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management], Hutchinson, 1967. ISBN-10: 0090841700 ISBN-13: 978-0090841707&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton was Managing Director of [[Zeus Private Security Ltd]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;Director, Volume 33 (Director Publications Limited for the Institute of Directors, 1980), p.14.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181589</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181589"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:21:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Publications */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' (born 1917) was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton [http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Espionage_and_subversion_in_an_industria.html?id=2r-4AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management], Hutchinson, 1967. ISBN-10: 0090841700 ISBN-13: 978-0090841707&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton ran a company, [[Zeus Security]], which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton &amp;amp; Alison Kettell, ''Business security: Internal policing for management'', Associated Business Press 1980.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181588</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181588"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:18:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' (born 1917) was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton [http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Espionage_and_subversion_in_an_industria.html?id=2r-4AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management], Hutchinson, 1967. ISBN-10: 0090841700 ISBN-13: 978-0090841707&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton ran a company, [[Zeus Security]], which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181587</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181587"/>
		<updated>2013-02-21T13:15:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Hamilton [http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Espionage_and_subversion_in_an_industria.html?id=2r-4AAAAIAAJ&amp;amp;redir_esc=y Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management], Hutchinson, 1967. ISBN-10: 0090841700 ISBN-13: 978-0090841707&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton ran a company, [[Zeus Security]], which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the [[Sizewell B]] nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', [[Zeus Security Consultants]] was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of [[Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd]] in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as [[Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management'', Hutchinson, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Computer security'', Auerbach Publishers, 1973.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, ''Espionage, terrorism and subversion: an examination and a philosophy of defence for management'', Peter A. Heims Ltd, 1979.&lt;br /&gt;
:Peter Hamilton, The administration of corporate security, Cambridge: ICSA Publishing, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181571</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181571"/>
		<updated>2013-02-19T18:19:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
Hamilton ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Sizewell B nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', Zeus Security Consultants was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181570</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181570"/>
		<updated>2013-02-19T18:10:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant and author of the 1967 book, ''Espionage and subversion in an industrial society: an examination and philosophy of defence for management''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
who ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Sizewell B nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', Zeus Security Consultants was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181569</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181569"/>
		<updated>2013-02-19T18:09:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Zeus Security==&lt;br /&gt;
who ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Sizewell B nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', Zeus Security Consultants was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181568</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181568"/>
		<updated>2013-02-19T18:08:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant who ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Sizewell B nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', Zeus Security Consultants was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181567</id>
		<title>Peter Hamilton</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Peter_Hamilton&amp;diff=181567"/>
		<updated>2013-02-19T18:07:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: Created page with &amp;quot;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant who ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Size...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Peter Hamilton''' was a security consultant who ran a company, Zeus Security, which was hired in 1983 to spy on anti-nuclear activists opposing the construction of the Sizewell B nuclear power station. According to the ''Guardian'', Zeus Security Consultants was originally set up with money from [[Sir James Goldsmith|James Goldsmith]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Lord Chalfont]] was according to the ''Guardian'', a board member of Zeus Security from 1981 to July 1983. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Pallister and Richard Norton-Taylor, ‘Chalfont’s links with world of spying’, ''Guardian'', 4 February 1989.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Chalfont’s ''Who’s Who'' entry states only that he joined the board of Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd in 1984, which may in fact be the same company, since according to Companies House records, Peter Hamilton (Security Consultants) Ltd was until September 1983 known as Zeus Security Consultants Ltd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes=&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/References&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=George_Weidenfeld&amp;diff=171890</id>
		<title>George Weidenfeld</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=George_Weidenfeld&amp;diff=171890"/>
		<updated>2012-06-29T10:59:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Born in Vienna, [[George Weidenfeld]] left Austria for England in 1938. During World War II he worked with the BBC Overseas Service, mainly as News Commentator on European Affairs, and in 1945 founded the publishing firm, Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson, with [[Nigel Nicolson]]. In 1949 he became Political Advisor and Chef de Cabinet in Israel to Dr. [[Chaim Weizmann]], and spent a year in this capacity before returning to Britain and publishing. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Institute for Strategic Dialogue, [http://www.strategicdialogue.org/about-us/trustees/ Trustees], accessed 31 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Writing for the ''New Statesmen'' in 2002, Dennis Sewell claimed that Weidenfeld, 'a serious operator at the level of government, editors and media proprietors', often used his influence to try and prevent critical media coverage of Israel. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dennis Sewell, '[http://www.newstatesman.com/node/141970 A Kosher Conspiracy?]', ''New Statesmen'', 14 January 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Weidenfeld has published works of many important international historians and biographers and the memoirs of some of the most prominent politicians of his generation, including General de Gaulle, Dr. [[Konrad Adenauer]], [[Harold Wilson]], [[Golda Meir]], President Johnson, Moshe Dayan, Dr. [[Henry Kissinger]] and Shimon Peres. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Club of Three website [http://www.clubofthree.com/club-of-three/bio-georgew.html George Weidenfeld]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
* Founder [[Club of Three]] | [[EastWest Institute]], Board member | [[European Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism]] | [[German-British Forum]] | [[Institute for Strategic Dialogue]] | [[Jerusalem Foundation]], UK Trustee | [[New Atlantic Initiative]] | [[The New World Order Forum]] | [[Institute for Human Sciences]]/[[Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen]], Vienna, Austria, Patron | Among other appointments he is Chairman of [[Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson]]; President of the [[Institute for Strategic Dialogue]]; Director of [[Cheyne Capital Management]]; Honorary Chairman, Board of Governors, [[Ben-Gurion University of the Negev]]; Board Member of [[Herbert Quandt Foundation]] Bad Homburg, Consultant to the [[Bertelsmann Foundation]] and columnist for Die Welt and Welt am Sonntag (Berlin). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Institute for Strategic Dialogue, [http://www.strategicdialogue.org/about-us/trustees/ Trustees], accessed 31 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;| [[MEMRI]] - Board of Advisors&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Notes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=George_Weidenfeld&amp;diff=171889</id>
		<title>George Weidenfeld</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=George_Weidenfeld&amp;diff=171889"/>
		<updated>2012-06-29T10:59:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Born in Vienna, [[George Weidenfeld]] left Austria for England in 1938. During World War II he worked with the BBC Overseas Service, mainly as News Commentator on European Affairs, and in 1945 founded the publishing firm, Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson, with [[Nigel Nicolson]]. In 1949 he became Political Advisor and Chef de Cabinet in Israel to Dr. [[Chaim Weizmann]], and spent a year in this capacity before returning to Britain and publishing. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Institute for Strategic Dialogue, [http://www.strategicdialogue.org/about-us/trustees/ Trustees], accessed 31 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Writing for the ''New Statesmen'' in 2002, Dennis Sewell claimed that Weidenfeld, 'a serious operator at the level of government, editors and media proprietors', often used his influence to try and prevent critical media coverage of Israel. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dennis Sewell, '[http://www.newstatesman.com/node/141970 A Kosher Conspiracy?]', ''New Statesmen'', 14 January 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Weidenfeld has published works of many important international historians and biographers and the memoirs of some of the most prominent politicians of his generation, including General de Gaulle, Dr. [[Konrad Adenauer]], [[Harold Wilson]], [[Golda Meir]], President Johnson, Moshe Dayan, Dr. [[Henry Kissinger]] and Shimon Peres.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Club of Three website [http://www.clubofthree.com/club-of-three/bio-georgew.html George Weidenfeld]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
* Founder [[Club of Three]] | [[EastWest Institute]], Board member | [[European Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism]] | [[German-British Forum]] | [[Institute for Strategic Dialogue]] | [[Jerusalem Foundation]], UK Trustee | [[New Atlantic Initiative]] | [[The New World Order Forum]] | [[Institute for Human Sciences]]/[[Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen]], Vienna, Austria, Patron | Among other appointments he is Chairman of [[Weidenfeld &amp;amp; Nicolson]]; President of the [[Institute for Strategic Dialogue]]; Director of [[Cheyne Capital Management]]; Honorary Chairman, Board of Governors, [[Ben-Gurion University of the Negev]]; Board Member of [[Herbert Quandt Foundation]] Bad Homburg, Consultant to the [[Bertelsmann Foundation]] and columnist for Die Welt and Welt am Sonntag (Berlin).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Institute for Strategic Dialogue, [http://www.strategicdialogue.org/about-us/trustees/ Trustees], accessed 31 March 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;| [[MEMRI]] - Board of Advisors&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Notes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Eric_Moonman&amp;diff=168777</id>
		<title>Eric Moonman</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Eric_Moonman&amp;diff=168777"/>
		<updated>2012-05-09T15:54:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Personal Life */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:ProfessorEricMoonman.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Eric Moonman at a [[Liverpool University]] alumni event at the House of Commons in 2006 where Moonman is a leading light in the [[Association of Former Members of Parliament]]]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;youtube size=&amp;quot;medium&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot; caption=&amp;quot;[[Eric Moonman]] talks at the [[Potomac Institute for Policy Studies]]' [[International Center for Terrorism Studies]] on, 'Protests, Riots and Terrorism: A View from the UK and Europe', on Monday, November 7, 2011. Co-sponsors of the event included the [[Inter-University Center for Terrorism Studies]], the [[Inter-Parliamentary Council for Combating Terrorism]], The [[United States Association of Former Members of Congress]], and the [[Inter-University Center for Legal Studies]] of the [[International Law Institute]].&amp;quot;&amp;gt;qZVuwzbNcHQ&amp;lt;/youtube&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Eric Moonman''' (born 29 April 1929) is a former Labour MP turned academic, broadcaster and Israel lobbyist. More recently he has emerged as a security and counter terrorism expert on UK commercial television and local press. He is invariably identified as a ‘terrorism expert’ without mention of his Zionist affiliations. Between 2006 and 2010 Moonman wrote a weekly column on the media for [[Totallyjewish.com]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
===Early life===&lt;br /&gt;
Eric Moonman was born in Liverpool on 29 April 1929 to Borach and Leah Moonman.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  He went to Rathbone School in Liverpool which he left at the age of 13 to start a seven-year apprenticeship at WJ Pugh Printers and then the ''Liverpool Echo''. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Inprofile: Eric Moonman, [http://www.liv.ac.uk/insight/2004autumn.pdf &amp;quot;Insight&amp;quot; August 2004 Second Issue]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; After the war, Moonman undertook his national service in the Kings Liverpool Regiment from 1951 to 53, during which he took courses in military studies as well as evening classes in subjects such as public speaking. In 1954 got a place at the University of Liverpool to study for a Diploma in Social Science. At Liverpool he edited the University magazine and became chairman of the Labour Society. Moonman was awarded his diploma in 1955&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===British Institute of Management===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1956 Moonman became a human relations advisor for the [[British Institute of Management]] (BIM)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; – an organisation put together by a group of powerful British businessmen during the end of the Second World War. Whilst at the BIM Moonman became involved in local politics and served as leader of Stepney Council in East London from 1958 till 1962. In 1959 he was made a Fellow of BIM.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; That year he also stood in his first parliamentary election, unsuccessfully contesting the constituency of Chigwell for the first time.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Dod's Parliamentary Companion 1967''&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In his penultimate year at the [[British Institute of Management]], Moonman published ''The Manager and the Organisation'' (1961) a managerial handbook described by the journal ''International Socialism'' in 1962 as ‘an unfortunate hotch potch’ with ‘no sociological value at all’.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;J.C. Stonebridge, [http://www.marxistsfr.org/history/etol/newspape/isj/1962/no010/stonebridge.htm ‘Managerisms’], ''International Socialism'', No.10, Autumn 1962, p.32&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Academia===&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman left the Institute of Management in 1962 and became a Senior Lecturer in Industrial Relations at SW Essex Technical College. In 1964 he left Essex to join the Institute of Science and Technology at the [[University of Manchester]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;MOONMAN, Eric’, Who's Who 2008, A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was a Senior Research Fellow in Management Sciences there until 1966.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;contributor note in Eric Moonman and Jane Moonman, ''Science and technology in Europe''&lt;br /&gt;
(Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1968)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was awarded a Masters by the University of Manchester in 1967.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;MOONMAN, Eric’, Who's Who 2008, A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Political Career===&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman left the [[British Institute of Management]] in 1962 and in 1963 he became a member of the Tower Hamlets Council. In 1964 he contested the constituency of Chigwell for the second time, again without success, but was elected as Labour MP for Billericay in the 1966 general election. From 1967–68 he was parliamentary private secretary to the Secretary of State for Education and Science. In this role he worked with the influential Fabian [[Anthony Crosland]] who led the right-wing of the Labour Party at that time. At this time he was also a parliamentary private secretary to [[George Thomson]] (who was Minister Without Portfolio at the time), who like Moonman later also joined the [[Social Democratic Party]]. In 1967 he stood for election as vice-chariman of the Parliamentary Labour Party, but was defeated. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;’Mrs Butler is elected to PLP office’, ''Guardian'', 3 November 1967&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By 1968 Moonman had become chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party’s committee on science and technology as well as a governor of Imperial College, London.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;contributor note in Eric Moonman and Jane Moonman, ''Science and technology in Europe''&lt;br /&gt;
(Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1968)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the 1970 General Election Moonman lost his seat but was elected MP for Basildon at the February 1974 election when the Labour Party returned to power. He lost his seat again at the 1979 general election.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===After Parliament===&lt;br /&gt;
After leaving Parliament Moonman remained politically active. Not content with the right-wing of the Labour Party, he defected to join the short-lived [[Social Democratic Party]]. Over the next two decades he became one of the most prominent figures in British Zionism. He also published a number of reports on social violence through his think-tank the [[Centre for Contemporary Studies]] - an experience which eventually led to his emergence as a 'terrorism expert' after September 11th. Moonman also worked within the NHS during the 1980s, controversially advocating its privatisation.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ref needed&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Israel lobbyist====&lt;br /&gt;
In June 1967 the Foreign Secretary George Brown made a speech to the UN General Assembly on the Israel-Arab Conflict.  Moonman was one of a number of Labour MPs to accuse Brown of &amp;quot;taking sides&amp;quot; against Israel. At a Jewish ex-servicemen's rally in Southend, Moonman called Brown's speech a &amp;quot;serious embarrassment&amp;quot; and said he had &amp;quot;aggressively departed&amp;quot; from the Government's neutral policy, giving &amp;quot;harsh and arrogant advice&amp;quot; to the Israelis. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Philip Rawstone, 'MPs accuse Mr Brown of 'taking sides'', ''Guardian'', 23 June 1967&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1972 Moonman was at the [[World Jewish Congress]] in Switzerland. He approached [[Stephen Roth]], then director of the [[European Jewish Congress]], and told him that changes had to be made in the way that Israel represented itself abroad. Roth accordingly gave him permission to start up a commission on Israel. In 1974, Moonman convened the first gathering of Jewish professionals to work out propaganda strategies. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Selling Israel’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 26 November 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The group subsequently met twice every year, once in Europe in the summer and once in Jerusalem in the autumn. Moonman was the “the founder and guiding light” of the organisation which became the [[West European Public Relations Group for Information on Behalf of Israel]]. The group was initially funded by the [[World Jewish Congress]] which later withdrew its funding. From 1980 it was funded instead by the [[World Zionist Organization]] and from 1985 also by the Israel Foreign Ministry.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Selling Israel’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 26 November 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The Register of Members' Interests 1975/6 records that Moonman visited a conference in Brussels in February 1976, which was probably the winter meeting of the [[West European Public Relations Group for Information on Behalf of Israel]]. The register records that Moonman was there as a representative of the [[Parliamentary Committee for the release of Soviet Jewry]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:' Interests as on 26th May, 1976.pdf|Register of Members' Interests as on 26 May 1976]]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By 1975 Moonman was chairman of the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland|Zionist Federation of Great Britain]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Eric Silver, 'Rabin rejects rebel settlers' plea', ''Guardian'', 6 December 1975&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In August that year he met with the Home Secretary Roy Jenkins to protest against the planned visit to London by two members of the Palestinian National Council (the political wing of the PLO). Moonman criticised the visit as “an attempt to become respectable.”  He added that: “we demean ourselves as human beings if at a convenient point of time we overlook the track record of these people.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peter Niesewand, 'More protests at PLO visit', ''Guardian'', 11 August 1975&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In June 1977 the ''Sunday Times'' published a front page story and a four page ‘Insight’ investigation reporting the alleged torture of Palestinian prisoners in the occupied territories. The Israeli Embassy in London called the assertions a “vicious slander as it is insulting to the only democracy and free judiciary in the area”. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘Israel denies torture of Arab prisoners’ ''The Times'', 20 June 1977; pg. 1; Issue 60034; col A&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Moonman made three complaints about the reports to the Press Council, complaining that unproved accusations were reported as facts, that the paper misled readers with unsubstantiated quotes and headlines, and that Israel was denied the opportunity to comment before publication.  His complaints were rejected. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘Torture complaint rejected’, ''Observer'', 15 October 1978, p.3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In November that year Moonman introduced a debate in the House of Commons on &amp;quot;racial prejudice on the university campus&amp;quot;. He complained that several student unions had proposed motions critical of Israel or Zionism, which he called &amp;quot;an insidious example of thinly-veiled anti-Semitism&amp;quot;. He said that:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Zionism is not racism. It is a national liberation movement of a people who for centuries have been persecuted and desire to establish in Israel a State where the Jews can live in peace and harmony with the Arabs. It is racism to deny to the Jewish people the right to self-determination while advocating it for other people, such as the Palestinians. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;HC Hansard 25 November 1977, Volume 939 [http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1977/nov/25/race-relations-universities#S5CV0939P0_19771125_HOC_113 Columns 2058-72]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1981 a broadcast by the Israeli ''Radio Peace and Progress'' (summarised by the BBC) referred to Moonman as one of several “leaders of the Zionist organizations in Britain”; although it is not clear if this referred to the [[West European Public Relations Group for Information on Behalf of Israel]] or another organisation. The broadcast reported that Moonman had “explained his [opposition to Menachem Begin] in an article in the ''Jewish Chronicle'', wherein Moonman argued that: “We must support Israel, but we must give consideration to the image of the Israel which we support. It is clear that Israel's Western allies are less and less interested in supporting Begin's Israel.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;SOURCE: Text of commentary ''Radio Peace and Progress'' in Hebrew 1800 gmt 4 Aug 81, BBC Summary of World Broadcasts 7 August 1981&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1985 Moonman forced the editor of the ''Jewish Quarterly'' to resign. According to his successor Colin Shindler: “The offence had been caused by a ''Jewish Quarterly'' editorial which questioned the actual dangers of anti-Semitism today as popularly viewed by Jewish leadership.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Colin Shindler, ‘Media: New Moon's guiding light - Colin Shindler on a magazine aiming to attract a generation of disaffected Jews’, The Guardian, 10 &lt;br /&gt;
September 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A 1986 report in ''The Guardian'' refers to Moonman as &amp;quot;chairman of the research committee of the [[Board of Deputies of British Jews]]&amp;quot;,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Walter Schwarz, ‘25 per cent fewer Jews’, ''The Guardian'', 23 July 1986&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and Moonman’s profile in ''Debrett's People of Today'' states that that year he was appointed senior vice-president.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; At this stage Moonman was also a board member of the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]] (BIPAC) where he worked on a publication called ''EEC Monitor''. In 1987 however he was forced to resign from BIPAC after a financial scandal which he considered the result of a campaign against him. Below is an extract from ''The Guardian'' explaining the circumstances of Moonman’s departure from BIPAC:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:beige;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%&amp;quot;&amp;gt;An unusual advert has just appeared in the ''Jewish Chronicle'', asking anyone who knows about a campaign of malice against the former Labour MP Eric Moonman to send the information to a box number. It has been placed, of course, by Moonman himself, who is senior vice-president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, and chairman of the Islington Area Health Authority in London. Until recently he was also a board member of the British-Israel Public Affairs Committee (BIPAC), but he resigned at the last meeting following what might be called the Alexander Keddie Affair. Keddie doesn't actually exist, although he was once described as a recluse in Essex who didn't like taking phone calls; the name was simply used over a period of about four years to steer payments to a variety of people, including Moonman, who worked on a BIPAC publication called EEC Monitor. An accountant's report into the affair was prompted by Monty Sumary, a prominent Jewish businessman and fundraiser, and it concluded that Moonman had left people confused about the Keddie arrangement. Moonman denies this, and is now intent on unmasking his putative tormentors. 'I do think there is a campaign against me,' he said this week. 'There have been anonymous letters and phone calls as well.'”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Stephen Cook, ‘People Diary’, ''The Guardian'', 9 October 1987&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By 2001 Moonman had joined the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]]. In mid January 2002 the ''New Statesman'' reported that he headed the Zionist Federation’s Media Response Unit; organising email and letter writing campaigns against journalists perceived to be anti-Semitic or critical of Israel.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dennis Sewell, [http://www.newstatesman.com/200201140009 ‘A kosher conspiracy?’], ''New Statesman'', 14 January 2002&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A week after the publishing of that article, Moonman had reportedly become President of the organisation.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Inigo Gilmore and Adam Lusher, [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1382093/Harrods-incurs-Jewish-anger-by-removing-Israeli-goods.html ‘Harrods incurs Jewish anger by removing Israeli goods’], &amp;quot;Sunday Telegraph&amp;quot;, 20 January 2002&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Terrorism Expert====&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Moonman on Channel 4.JPG|400px|right|thumb|Moonman appears on Channel 4 News after the Glasgow Airport attacks next to a huge gas canister]]&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman’s emergence as a terrorism expert seems to have stemmed from his involvement in an organisation called the [[Centre for Contemporary Studies]], a think-tank which published material on football hooliganism and race relations, as well as terrorism. The Centre appears to have been founded by Moonman who seems to have been affected by the Brixton riots and anxious about the possibility of societal breakdown. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In May 1981 the Centre published a report called &amp;quot;The Nazis are in the Playground&amp;quot;. According to BBC Nationwide it &amp;quot;claims extreme right-wing groups are recruiting school children &amp;amp; authorities are unable to control the situation&amp;quot;.  The BBC interviewed Moonman on this on ''Nationwide''.  BBC archive records state that he &amp;quot;discusses young racism increasing 50% in 2 yrs; subtle strategies used; importance of process for future of N.F; accuses N.U.T of indifference, and gives Centre's proposals&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;NATIONWIDE May 11, 1981 Archive : BBC Item Title : [http://www.bbcmotiongallery.com/Infax/Detail.aspx?items=10221453 NATIONAL FRONT IN SCHOOLS] Item Duration : 00:05:10 Catalogue :LONPROGCatalogue Page : 10221453&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Later in 1981 a further report on the role of neo-fascist groups in music led to an interview with Joan Bakewell on ''Newsnight''. According to BBC archives Moonman &amp;quot;welcomes declaration by group 'Madness' that they have nothing to do with [[National Front]] &amp;amp; [[British Movement]]; extreme right see concerts as a potential market for their magazines&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;NEWSNIGHT, Aug 03, 1981, Archive : BBC Item Duration : 00:10:30.000+01:00&lt;br /&gt;
Item Title : [http://www.bbcmotiongallery.com/Infax/Detail.aspx?items=966372 ROCK &amp;amp; THE RIGHT] Catalogue Page:966372&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In writings he focused in particular on the influence of media and television. He published a report in October 1981 on the riots that summer called &amp;quot;Copycat Hooligans&amp;quot;, which argued that: “Youths imitated television film of violence in Northern Ireland when they rioted in more than 20 British cities last summer... Eric Moonman, the centre's director and author of the report entitled Copy Cat Hooligans, said the rioters knew what to do because they had seen it on television.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Reuters, ‘Tuesday Rioters in U.K. imitated TV, report claims’, ''The Globe and Mail'', 27 October 1981&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1987 Moonman published a book called ''The Violent Society'' which included contributions from prominent terrorologists [[Paul Wilkinson]] and [[Richard Clutterbuck]]. Paul Wilkinson was identified in the contributors notes as a member of the Advisory Board of the [[Centre for Contemporary Studies]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:The_Violent_Society%2C_Notes_on_Contributors.JPG| Notes on Contributors]] in Eric Moonman, ''The Violent Society'' (London: Routledge, 1987)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ''Insight'', the Alumni magazine for Liverpool University, wrote that ''The Violent Society'' ‘was well received and, surprisingly for Eric, marked another chapter in his life’. The article states that after the publication of ''The Violent Society'' Moonman ‘began to take on consultancy work for ITN as an expert in counter-terrorism’.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Inprofile: Eric Moonman, [http://www.liv.ac.uk/insight/2004autumn.pdf| &amp;quot;Insight&amp;quot; August 2004 Second Issue]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Moonman-book.jpg|thumb|left|Moonman's vanity published 2005 book with a foreword by zionist and 'terror expert' [[Yonah Alexander]]]]In fact Moonman’s media presence as a terrorism expert does not seem to have taken off for another 15 years. The television archive &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.itnsource.com/ ITV Source]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; contains only one item in the 1990s listing Moonman as a terrorism expert and the note does not contain an exact date. With the exception of that item, Moonman's first appearance seems to have been on a Channel Five Lunchtime Bulletin on 18 July 2002, after which he appeared dozens of times on UK television.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1998 Moonman was appointed as a member of the Advisory Board of the Centre for Counter Terrorism Studies at the [[Potomac Institute for Policy Studies]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘MOONMAN, Eric’, ''Who's Who 2009'', A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He appeared at an 'Executive Luncheon' hosted by the group on 26 November 2001. The Panel was Chaired by [[Yonah Alexander]], the Director of the [[International Center for Terrorism Studies]] and a fellow Zionist and seminal terrorism expert; and [[Michael Swetnam]], CEO and Chairman of the [[Potomac Institute for Policy Studies|Potomac Institute]]. Moonman said he thought the media had been, &amp;quot;highly responsible and supportive of U.S. and international efforts to root out terrorism&amp;quot;.  Of the critics of the War on Terror, Moonman said: &amp;quot;Many are Muslim, though most Muslims are friendly, good citizens who favor peace. Still, Taliban supporters are currently protesting and causing unrest in both England and the whole of Europe. Many of these dissidents are merely taking advantage of the situation, rather than genuinely pursuing the ideals of peace. Legitimate peace movement leaders, in fact, have actually spoken out against these protesters.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Potomac Institute Executive Luncheon [[Media:Counter-Terrorism Strategies in the Post 9-11 Era.pdf|Counter-Terrorism Strategies in the Post 9-11 Era]], 26 November 2001. Copy compiled from url:http://www.potomacinstitute.org/events/execlunch/panel.htm on 8 January 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He warned of &amp;quot;Usama bin Laden’s slick operation shows the extent to which public opinion can be bought with marketing and public relations expenditures,&amp;quot; and argued that, &amp;quot;we must fight terrorists on their own terms. We can’t afford to abide by the Queensbury rules of war in the face of such a dangerous and unscrupulous threat.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Potomac Institute Executive Luncheon [[Media:Counter-Terrorism Strategies in the Post 9-11 Era.pdf|Counter-Terrorism Strategies in the Post 9-11 Era]], 26 November 2001. Copy compiled from url:http://www.potomacinstitute.org/events/execlunch/panel.htm on 8 January 2009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====Health Policy====&lt;br /&gt;
After leaving Parliament Moonman became involved in health policy and was chairman of Islington Health Authority 1980-90.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;''Debrett's People of Today'' (Debrett's Peerage Ltd, 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He  created controversy within the Labour Party because of his support for privatisation within the NHS. He was able to win a vote in favour of privatisation by reintroducing the matter on a much-criticised pretext at a meeting at which his supporters were in the majority.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alan Rusbridger, 'Guardian Diary / More of Moonman', The Guardian, 14 November 1984&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In 1987 at the Annual conference of the [[Social Democratic Party]], Moonman arged for a greater role for the private sector.  According to BBC Archives: &amp;quot;Eric MOONMAN, Islington, must look at alternative funding for the NHS &amp;amp; consider working with private sector&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.bbcmotiongallery.com/Infax/Detail.aspx?items=164294 SDP CONFERENCE 1987] 2 September 1987, Item Duration: 06:45:00.000+01:0 Catalogue Page: 16429&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
====City University 'Professor'====&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman was appointed a Visiting Professor at London's City University in 1990 and started teaching on Health management MSc. In 2008 the University has confirmed that Moonman had worked at the University since that time, but that he did not currently teach, lead seminars, or contribute to research.  It confirmed that he &amp;quot;advises the academic staff on a needs-be basis on Health related subjects&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Media:Miller Strathclyde.pdf|Letter]] to David Miller from the Head of Information Compliance and Policy at City University&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A City University Alumni publication listing 'members news' which is 'ordered according to when &lt;br /&gt;
you entered, or first joined, the University' suggests that Moonman had studied 'Medical Informatics' at the University in 1989. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;It states 'Professor Eric Moonman OBE (Medical Informatics, 1989) is Chair of DMG Radio...' &lt;br /&gt;
City University, [[Media:Ntwk21.pdf|CITY NETWORK, Autumn 2000]] p.8&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, after further inquiries the University stated that: &amp;quot;Mr Moonman has never been a student at City University. He has not been awarded an honorary degree either.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;email to Tom Mills from the City University Registry Services dated 18 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Media Presence==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image: Graph showing Eric Moonman's Media Presence.JPG|thumb|right|600px]]&lt;br /&gt;
The graph on the right shows Moonman’s presence in the English print media up from 1975 until the end of 2007. The figures were compiled by searching '''All English Language News''' at '''Lexis-Nexis'''.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;details of the search used are as follows: All English Language News &amp;gt; (Eric Moonman) and DATE(&amp;gt;=[year]-01-01 and &amp;lt;=[year]-12-31)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The results seem to suggest that Moonman was at his most influential - at least with the media - during his time at the [[Board of Deputies of British Jews]] and the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman's profile on British television has also been notable.  We tracked appearances by Terrorism Experts on UK Television between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2006.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;435 names from the [[Terrorexpertise:Bulk_List| Bulk List]] were searched at the archives of the [http://www.bbcmotiongallery.com/Infax/Advanced.aspx BBC Motion Gallery] and [http://www.itnsource.com/en/Search/Advanced-Search/ ITN Source] for appearances on ITN, Channel 4, BBC News and BBC Current Affairs programmes. Only appearances relating to terrorism were recorded. Any items referring to ‘terror’, ‘Islamic fundamentalism’, ‘extremism’ or ‘suicide bombing’ were treated as relating to terrorism.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Of the 435 'experts' we tracked Moonman was the seventh equal most cited on British TV, appearing a total of thirty-eight times.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The other seven in the top eight were: [[Peter Clarke]] (151 times), [[Michael Clarke]] (125), [[Dan Plesch]] (77), [[Crispin Black]] (76), [[M. J. Gohel]] (71), [[Charles Shoebridge]] (71), [[Patrick Mercer]] (38)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Moonman mainly appeared on ITN&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;ITN for this period includes Channel 4 and Channel 5 News as well as ITV&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (36 times) with only two appearances on the BBC.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Personal Life==&lt;br /&gt;
Moonman has been married twice and has two sons Daniel (born 10 July 1966) and Joshua (born 27 January 1972). It was probably at BIM that Moonman met his first wife [[Jane Biran|Jane]]. She reportedly began her career working at the the [[British Institute of Management]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;'Moonmans: a Zionist family team, ''Jewish Chronicle'', 28 August 1987, p.7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where [[Eric Moonman]] worked as a Human Relations Adviser between 1956 and 1962 - the year they were married. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘MOONMAN, Eric’, Who's Who 2012, A &amp;amp; C Black, 2012; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2011 ; online edn, Nov 2011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Like Eric Moonman she later became involved in Zionist organisations. She edited the 1980 edition of ''The Zionist Yearbook'', published by the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]]. She was affiliated with the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]] (BIPAC) from at least November 1986,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jane Moonman, ‘Letter: Medical Care and Military Occupcation’, ''The Lancet'', Volume 2, Issue 8516, pp.1160-1160, 15 November 1986&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and is reported to have been its Director in 1990.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Virginia Myers, ‘London Israel Jamboree’, The Jerusalem Report, 20 December 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; She divorced Moonman in 1991&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘MOONMAN, Eric’, Who's Who 2008, A &amp;amp; C Black, 2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and married Israel’s former ambassador to the UK Yoav Biran. She moved with her new husband to Jerusalem and was appointed as the [[Jerusalem Foundation|Jerusalem Foundation's]] liaison with Britain. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Chowing down with Bill and Hillary for a happy anniversary’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 22 October 1993&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In February 2000 Moonman met City University alumna Gillian Mayer who gave a vote of thanks after a speech he gave in his home town of Southport. They married on 11 February 2001.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
===Chronology of appointments===&lt;br /&gt;
*1956-62, human relations advisor for the [[British Institute of Management]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1959, fellow of the [[British Institute of Management]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1962–64, Senior Lecturer in Industrial Relations, SW Essex Technical College&lt;br /&gt;
*1963, member of the Tower Hamlets Council&lt;br /&gt;
*1964–66, Senior Research Fellow in Management Sciences, University of Manchester&lt;br /&gt;
*1966-70, MP for Basildon&lt;br /&gt;
*1967–68, Parliamentary Private Secretary to Minister without Portfolio and Secretary of State for Education&lt;br /&gt;
*c.1968, chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party’s committee on science and technology&lt;br /&gt;
*c.1968, governor of [[Imperial College]], London&lt;br /&gt;
*1972 Attends [[World Jewish Congress]] and gets support for zionist propaganda body.&lt;br /&gt;
*1974-79, MP for Billericay&lt;br /&gt;
*1974-1991(at least), established and directed the [[West European Public Relations Group for Information on Behalf of Israel]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1975–80, Chairman of the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1975 Chairman of All Party Parliamentary Committee on the Social Services&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;TX date: 1975-07-07 ANGLIA TELEVISION, Clip title: [http://www.itnsource.com/en/Entire-Archive/Search/ShotListNonDigitised/?ref=/GranadaClips/1975/07/07/894387.htm&amp;amp;links=ERIC%2cMOONMAN&amp;amp;thumb=/img/assets/no_preview_available.png&amp;amp;duration= CALL FOR GOVERNMENT INQUIRY]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*1978 member of [[Parliamentary Select Committee on Immigration]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;BBC [http://www.bbcmotiongallery.com/Infax/Detail.aspx?items=1873112 NEWSDAY] Mar 21, 1978 Archive Page:1873112&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*1980-90, chairman of Islington Health Authority&lt;br /&gt;
*1985–91, senior vice-president of the [[Board of Deputies of British Jews]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1986-87, board member of the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1990, Appointed visiting professor at City University&lt;br /&gt;
*1994–99, senior vice-president of the [[Board of Deputies of British Jews]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1998–present, member of the Advisory Board of the [[International Center for Terrorism Studies]] at the [[Potomac Institute for Policy Studies]]&lt;br /&gt;
*2001, head of the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland|Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland’s]] Media Response Unit&lt;br /&gt;
*2001-present, president of the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]] &lt;br /&gt;
*2006-7, Honorary visiting professor at City University.&lt;br /&gt;
===Affiliations===&lt;br /&gt;
*Chair, [[Academic Response Against Racism and Anti-Semitism in Europe]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Times (London) November 1, 2003, Saturday Academic exclusion SECTION: Features; 31, From Professor Eric Moonman&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Association of Former Members of Parliament]], executive committee&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Yorkshire Evening Post, March 1, 2006 Sacked... in front of the TV millions? We can help, SOURCE: Yorkshire Evening Post&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parliamentary Committee for the release of Soviet Jewry]], former member&lt;br /&gt;
*On the International research council of the [[International Center for Terrorism Studies]] within the [[Potomac Institute for Policy Studies]].&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stag FM]], director (owned by the [[Daily Mail and General Trust]]).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.stagfm.co.uk/about.html Stag FM - Radio for Hertford]: Your Questions Answered, (Accessed: 2 January 2008)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[West European Public Relations Group for Information on Behalf of Israel]], Chairman&lt;br /&gt;
===Contacts, friends and networks===&lt;br /&gt;
*[[David Martin Abrahams|David Abrahams]], Listed as a 'friend' by ITN&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.itnsource.com/en/Entire-Archive/Search/ShotListDigitised/?ref=/ITN/2007/11/30/T30110707.htm&amp;amp;links=ERIC%2cMOONMAN&amp;amp;thumb=http://www.itnsource.com/archivedata/Media/ITN/2007/11/30/T30110707/92x69-1159.jpg&amp;amp;duration=00:01:36 ITN source], 30/11/2007 REF: T30110707 POLITICS: Labour Party funding scandal: Police begin inquiry, accessed 12 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''The Manager &amp;amp; the Organization'', Tavistock, 1961.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Source, unless otherwise stated: British Library [http://catalogue.bl.uk/F/4S7BAJGQRRCQX1G98PC4CEXN122D45X5DMHG2PFGB214LBF9RJ-36413?func=file&amp;amp;file_name=find-b&amp;amp;local_base=blac Integrated Catalogue], accessed 10 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;	&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. 	''Security of Employment''. pp. 14. [[Industrial Welfare Society]]: London, [1963.]&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''The Manager and the Organization'', pp. 220. Pan Books: London, 1965.&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''Science and technology in Europe''; edited by Eric Moonman; associate editor [[Jane Moonman]]. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968. 	&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''The communication of objectives in an expanding company''. London: [[Industrial Educational and Research Foundation]], [1969].pp. 24. 21 cm. (Research paper. no. 1.)&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. Communication in an expanding organization: a case study in action research. Tavistock Publications, 1970.&lt;br /&gt;
*Nave A, Gregory A, Leadbitt E, Lubbock E, Moonman E, ‘Sub-Committee-D- Users Have Their Say’ Computer Bulletin, Volume 14, Issue 5, p.155, 1970&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman E, ‘Computer Chaos’, ''New Society'', Volume 17, Issue 453, pp.954-955, 1971&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''Reluctant partnership. A critical study of the relationship between government and industry''. London: Gollancz, 1971. &lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''British computers and industrial innovation. The implications of the Parliamentary Select Committee''. Edited by Eric Moonman. London: George Allen &amp;amp; Unwin, 1971. pp. xx, 126. 23 cm. Parliament. House of Commons. Committees. [[Select Committee on Science and Technology]]. Sub-Committee D. [Minutes of evidence.]	&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''Business and the arts''. [[Foundation for Business Responsibilities]], 1974.&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman E, ‘Electoral Reform’, ''[[Parliamentarian]]'', Volume 57, Issue 4, pp.242-249. 1976&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, Eric. ''Copy-cat hooligans''. 1981. Contemporary affairs briefing; [[Centre For Contemporary Studies]], 1981.vol 1 no 9 &lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman, E. ''European Economic Community Policy in Relation to the Middle East, Israel and Matters Concerning Jews'' The twenty-first [[Selig Brodetsky]] memorial lecture, 1980. Paperback: 18 pages Publisher: Leeds University Press ISBN-10: 0853161259 ISBN-13: 978-0853161257&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.amazon.co.uk/European-Economic-Community-Relation-Concerning/dp/0853161259/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1215606524&amp;amp;sr=1-5&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*Eric Moonman ''The Alternative Government'' (1984) 96 pages Publisher: Trentham Books Ltd (Jun 1984) ISBN-10: 0950773557 ISBN-13: 978-0950773551 (Introduction by [[Lord Wilson of Rievaulx]])&lt;br /&gt;
*Stars of today : talking, living, working and playing together / edited by Eric Moonman. London : [[Centre for Contemporary Studies]], [1986]	[48]p. : ill., col.ports. ; 30cm.&lt;br /&gt;
*The Violent Society (Paperback) by Eric Moonman, Paperback: 167 pages, Publisher: Frank Cass Publishers (20 Jan 1987) ISBN-10: 0714640557 ISBN-13: 978-0714640556&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Violent-Society-Eric-Moonman/dp/0714640557&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*Moonman E, ‘Improving Outpatient Clinics’, British Medical Journal, Volume: 296, Issue 6635, pp.1539-1539, 28 May 1988&lt;br /&gt;
*  Eric Moonman, ''Learning To Live In The Violent Society'', 2006,Paperback: 220 pages Publisher: AuthorHouse (21 Oct 2005) ISBN-10: 1420877240 ISBN-13: 978-1420877243&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Amazon.co.uk [http://www.amazon.co.uk/Learning-Live-Violent-Society-Moonman/dp/1420877240/ref=sr_1_11?ie=UTF8&amp;amp;s=books&amp;amp;qid=1215854392&amp;amp;sr=1-11 Learning to Live in a Violent Society]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Columns at [[Totallyjewish.com]]===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=9383 On the Media] - 18/06/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=9339 On the Media] - 12/06/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=9315 On the Media] - 05/06/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=9242 On the Media] - 28/05/08&lt;br /&gt;
* - 22/05/08&lt;br /&gt;
* - 15/05/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8924 On the Media] - 22/04/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8895 On the Media] - 16/04/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8835 On the Media] - 09/04/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8781 On the Media] - 02/04/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8718 On the Media] - 26/03/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8679 On the Media] - 20/03/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8477 On the Media] - 27/02/08&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.totallyjewish.com/news/moonman/?content_id=8359 On the Media] - 14/02/08&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Contact==&lt;br /&gt;
:Tel: 020 7040 8369&lt;br /&gt;
:Email: emoonman@soi.city.ac.uk&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Notes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Terrorologist|Mooonman, Eric]][[Category:Israel Lobby|Moonman, Eric]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168775</id>
		<title>Jane Biran</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168775"/>
		<updated>2012-05-09T15:52:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Jane Biran''' is a former magistrate and Zionist activist formerly known as [[Jane Moonman]] when she was married to [[Eric Moonman]]. She was previously known as [[Margradel Dillon]] during her school days at Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School in Rossendale, Lancashire.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.brgs.org.uk/alumni/newsletters/2007spring.pdf Friends of BRGS], Spring 2007, accessed 11 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Biran reportedly graduated from Liverpool University and began her career working at the the [[British Institute of Management]] &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;'Moonmans: a Zionist family team, ''Jewish Chronicle'', 28 August 1987, p.7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where [[Eric Moonman]] worked as a Human Relations Adviser between 1956 and 1962 - the year they were married. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;‘MOONMAN, Eric’, Who's Who 2012, A &amp;amp; C Black, 2012; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2011 ; online edn, Nov 2011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Like [[Eric Moonman]] she later became involved in Zionist organisations. She edited the 1980 edition of ''The Zionist Yearbook'', published by the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]], was affiliated with the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]] (BIPAC) from at least November 1986,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jane Moonman, ‘Letter: Medical Care and Military Occupcation’, ''The Lancet'', Volume 2, Issue 8516, pp.1160-1160, 15 November 1986&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and is reported to have been its Director in 1990.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Virginia Myers, ‘London Israel Jamboree’, The Jerusalem Report, 20 December 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In a biographical note in 1987 Moonman is described as 'a magistrate and a trustee of the [[Basildon Emergency Accommodation Project]].  The note also describes her as the 'director of a public relations organisation'.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;'Notes on Contributors' in Eric Moonman, (Ed.) ''The Violent Society'', London: Frank Cass, 1987, p. 168.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
She divorced Moonman in the early 1990s and married Israel’s former ambassador to the UK [[Yoav Biran]]. She moved with her new husband to Jerusalem and was appointed as the [[Jerusalem Foundation]]'s liaison with Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Chowing down with Bill and Hillary for a happy anniversary’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 22 October 1993&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; According to a ''Jerusalem Post'' report:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:[[Jane Biran]], a new immigrant of less than two weeks' standing, already has a job. Her appointment as the [[Jerusalem Foundation]]'s liaison with Britain was arranged before she and husband [[Yoav Biran|Yoav]], Israel's former ambassador to the Court of St. James, left London. Biran was previously married to British Labor parliamentarian [[Eric Moonman]]. As his wife and as a journalist and director of [[BIPAC]], she made friends with some of the most influential people here and in England.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman 'Chowing down with Bill and Hillary for a happy anniversary' ''The Jerusalem Post'' October 22, 1993, Friday Pg. 8B&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Dorset Fund]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Israel Lobby|Biran, Jane]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168707</id>
		<title>Jane Biran</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168707"/>
		<updated>2012-05-09T08:28:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Jane Biran''' is a Zionist activist formerly known as [[Jane Moonman]] when she was married to [[Eric Moonman]]. She was previously known as [[Margradel Dillon]] during her school days at Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School in Rossendale, Lancashire.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.brgs.org.uk/alumni/newsletters/2007spring.pdf Friends of BRGS], Spring 2007, accessed 11 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Biran worked with [[Eric Moonman]] at the [[British Institute of Management]] where she was research and information officer. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;'Moonmans: a Zionist family team, ''Jewish Chronicle'', 28 August 1987, p.7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Like [[Eric Moonman]] she later became involved in Zionist organisations. She edited the 1980 edition of ''The Zionist Yearbook'', published by the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]] and was affiliated with the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]] (BIPAC) from at least November 1986,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jane Moonman, ‘Letter: Medical Care and Military Occupcation’, ''The Lancet'', Volume 2, Issue 8516, pp.1160-1160, 15 November 1986&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and is reported to have been its Director in 1990.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Virginia Myers, ‘London Israel Jamboree’, The Jerusalem Report, 20 December 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
She divorced Moonman in the early 1990s and married Israel’s former ambassador to the UK [[Yoav Biran]]. She moved with her new husband to Jerusalem and was appointed as the [[Jerusalem Foundation]]'s liaison with Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Chowing down with Bill and Hillary for a happy anniversary’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 22 October 1993&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Dorset Fund]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Israel Lobby|Biran, Jane]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Moonman&amp;diff=168706</id>
		<title>Jane Moonman</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Moonman&amp;diff=168706"/>
		<updated>2012-05-09T08:28:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: Entry cut to stub - main entry under Jane Biran&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Jane Moonman''' was a name formnely used by [[Jane Biran]] when she was married to [[Eric Moonman]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Israel Lobby|Moonman, Jane]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168705</id>
		<title>Jane Biran</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Jane_Biran&amp;diff=168705"/>
		<updated>2012-05-09T08:27:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: reference for BIM work&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Jane Biran''' is a Zionist activist formerly known as [[Jane Moonman]] when she was married to [[Eric Moonman]]. She was previously known as [[Margradel Dillon]] during her school days at Bacup and Rawtenstall Grammar School in Rossendale, Lancashire.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.brgs.org.uk/alumni/newsletters/2007spring.pdf Friends of BRGS], Spring 2007, accessed 11 July 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Jane Biran|Biran]] worked with [[Eric Moonman]] at the [[British Institute of Management]] where she was research and information officer. &amp;lt;Ref&amp;gt;'Moonmans: a Zionist family team, ''Jewish Chronicle'', 28 August 1987, p.7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Like [[Eric Moonman]] she later became involved in Zionist organisations. She edited the 1980 edition of ''The Zionist Yearbook'', published by the [[Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland]] and was affiliated with the [[British-Israel Public Affairs Committee]] (BIPAC) from at least November 1986,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jane Moonman, ‘Letter: Medical Care and Military Occupcation’, ''The Lancet'', Volume 2, Issue 8516, pp.1160-1160, 15 November 1986&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and is reported to have been its Director in 1990.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Virginia Myers, ‘London Israel Jamboree’, The Jerusalem Report, 20 December 1990&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
She divorced Moonman in the early 1990s and married Israel’s former ambassador to the UK [[Yoav Biran]]. She moved with her new husband to Jerusalem and was appointed as the [[Jerusalem Foundation]]'s liaison with Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Greer Fay Cashman, ‘Chowing down with Bill and Hillary for a happy anniversary’, ''The Jerusalem Post'', 22 October 1993&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Dorset Fund]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Israel Lobby|Biran, Jane]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Douglas_Murray&amp;diff=167289</id>
		<title>Douglas Murray</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://powerbase.info/index.php?title=Douglas_Murray&amp;diff=167289"/>
		<updated>2012-04-05T15:16:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Tom Mills: /* Political Views */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;youtube size=&amp;quot;medium&amp;quot; align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot; caption=&amp;quot;Douglas Murray at the One Law for All conference&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Q3fsynNRIFg&amp;lt;/youtube&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Douglas Murray''' (full name Douglas Kear Murray) (born 16 July 1979) was educated at [[Magdalen College]], Oxford.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/pub/000676.php The Social Affairs Unit - Publications List: Neoconservatism: Why We Need It], accessed 20 March 2008. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He is currently the Director of the [[Centre for Social Cohesion]] a think tank set up by [[Civitas]] &amp;quot;following widespread and longstanding concern about the diminishing sense of community in Britain&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/pubs/action.php About Us] (Accessed: 6 September 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Murray has also contributed to the [[Social Affairs Unit]]. He was 79th in the Telegraph’s 'The Right's 100 Most Influential' in October 2007, according to which he is “gaining a ubiquitous media presence and is an eloquent advocate of all things American and a strong supporter of taking military action against Iraq”. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/09/30/nosplit/nlist75-100.xml The Right's 100 Most Influential: 100-76] (Accessed: 18 December 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Early career==&lt;br /&gt;
Murray began researching his biography of Oscar Wilde's lover, Lord Alfred Douglas, while still at Eton. Aged only 16, he persuaded the Home Office to grant him access to Douglas's papers which were embargoed until 2043.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.amazon.com/Bosie-Poet-Lover-Oscar-Wilde/dp/0786866535 Amazon.com: Bosie: The Man, The Poet, The Lover of Oscar Wilde: Douglas Murray: Books], accessed 24 March 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;The book was reportedly completed before Murray progressed to reading English at Magdalen College, Oxford, and was published while he was still a 21-year-old undergraduate there.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.knittingcircle.org.uk/alfreddouglas.html Knitting Circle Alfred Douglas], accessed 21 March 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::His first book, Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas, was published in 2000 by Hodder and Stoughton (UK) and Miramax Books (USA). Acclaimed on both sides of the Atlantic, the book became a bestseller, and was reissued in paperback in 2001 and 2002. While still at Oxford, Murray began reviewing for the Spectator. He has since written for many other publications, including the Observer and the New York Sun.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Neoconservatism-Why-Need-Douglas-Murray/dp/product-description/1904863051 Neoconservatism: Why We Need It (Hardcover)], Amazon.co.uk, accessed 21 March 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray's early writing for the Spectator was mainly focused on his literary interests. Murray claims to have been profoundly influenced by the 9/11 attacks:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I haven't been in New York since the fall of 2000, when I was visiting this city to promote my first book. On the last day I was here, I visited a friend at her office on the top-most floors of the World Trade Center and looked out in awe over this great city. The assault on those towers proved the first in a now long line of attacks leveled against the free world. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000636.php Neoconservatism: why we need it - a talk to the Manhattan Institute by Douglas Murray], [[Social Affairs Unit]], 26 October 2005&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The youngest published biographer in history, he wrote the bestseller Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas during his gap year. Having read English at Oxford, he is working as a freelance political journalist and researching a book about Bloody Sunday. His play, Nightfall, heads to London’s West End next year. It centres on a real-life dinner party in 1944, when Swedish diplomat and humanitarian Raoul Wallenberg tried to persuade his guest, Nazi Adolf Eichmann, from implementing the Final solution.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://scotlandonsunday.scotsman.com/features/4-Douglas-Murray.2477188.jp 4 Douglas Murray], [[Scotland on Sunday]] 9 November 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==openDemocracy==&lt;br /&gt;
Murray was for some years a regular contributor to the [[openDemocracy]] website. In a September 2002 piece, he  criticised [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament|CND]] and the [[Stop the War Coalition]] for organising an anti-war march together with the [[Muslim Association of Britain]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opendemocracy.net/node/666 An Unholy Alliance], by Douglas Murray, [[openDemocracy]], 22 October 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In February 2003, he delivered a diatribe against the many first-time demonstrators who had joined the anti-war marches.&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, they get a free vote to decide who runs their country, unlike the people of Iraq, but they surely can’t expect the nation’s foreign policy to be run by occasional polls from the nation’s tabloids. They are mainly ignorant (by choice or chance) of the machinations of international weapons inspections, oil and the rest of it, but if they want to pretend to be experts, fine.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Essentially they’re worried about war – so are we all. They hate the idea of Iraqi children dying – so do we all. But they do not have the monopoly on concern or morality. The problem is that they assume that anybody who was not on their march is pro-war. It is not the case. The rest of us may well be against the anti-war movement, or simply under the belief that these things are best left to the experts.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opendemocracy.net/node/994 Marching to hell], by [[Douglas Murray]], [[openDemocracy]] 20 February 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Bloody Sunday Inquiry==&lt;br /&gt;
::Throughout 2003 Murray attended the [[Saville Inquiry]] into the [[Bloody Sunday]] shootings, to observe the evidence of the military witnesses. His interest in Northern Ireland, and the Bloody Sunday Inquiry in particular, is the basis for a new book due to be published after Lord Saville issues his final report.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Neoconservatism-Why-Need-Douglas-Murray/dp/product-description/1904863051 Neoconservatism: Why We Need It (Hardcover)], Amazon.co.uk, accessed 21 March 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004, he compared Saville to the [[Hutton Inquiry]], which he also attended.&lt;br /&gt;
::For two weeks in 2003, the Saville Inquiry into the Bloody Sunday shootings in Northern Ireland in 1972 questioned men who were serving in the intelligence services at the time. For national security reasons as well as for their own safety, all were anonymous, all spoke from behind screens, and one could not turn up because of new Article 2 considerations. What documents could be produced were very heavily redacted for Article 2 and national security reasons. What questioning was possible was limited to questioning that did not impinge on Article 2 and national security issues. That was with people who had been in the field thirty-two years ago. An inquiry in 2004, inquiring into intelligence from 2002 and 2003, would not move forward very far.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-journalismwar/article_1699.jsp Hutton - the wrong inquiry], by  Douglas Murray, [[openDemocracy]], 29 January 2004.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2005, Murray wrote a highly critical review of [[Richard Norton-Taylor]]'s play base on the Saville inquiry:&lt;br /&gt;
::it is not the smugness of those who get their fix of “issues” that is the problem. The odious thing about this exercise is that it plugs a gap in the market for those who are cash-rich and time-poor. “Tribunal theatre” is simply filling a gap in the market for no-strings-attached, neatly packaged, moral tourism.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opendemocracy.net/node/2500 Bloody Sunday, or the theatre of moral corruption],by Douglas Murray, [[openDemocracy]], 11 May 2005.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Social Affairs Unit==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray joined the [[Social Affairs Unit]] as a regular contributor in 2004.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Neoconservatism-Why-Need-Douglas-Murray/dp/product-description/1904863051 Neoconservatism: Why We Need It (Hardcover)], Amazon.co.uk, accessed 21 March 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. In 2005, the Unit published his book, Neoconservatism: Why We Need It, which argued for the introduction of neoconservative ideas into British politics.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/pub/000676.php The Social Affairs Unit - Publications List: Neoconservatism: Why We Need It], accessed 24 March 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In October that year, he outlined his philosophy in a talk to the [[Manhattan Institute]]&lt;br /&gt;
::The practice of equivalence in our national politics leads governments not to listen to, but to fear minority opinion, concerned lest anyone get the impression that the government knows what's right for the majority who have elected it. Not only does it make politics a glorified (though not glorious) pursuit of the personal – it makes the notion of fixed or natural right a nonsense. Because of course if everything is equal then everything is right: which means nothing is good or true.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000636.php Neoconservatism: why we need it - a talk to the Manhattan Institute by Douglas Murray], [[Social Affairs Unit]], 26 October 2005&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This straw man attack on the idea of equal rights may owe something to the authoritarian philosopher [[Leo Strauss]], of whom Murray is a professed admirer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2005/dec/30/mainsection.guardianletters3 Profound insights of Leo Strauss], Douglas Murray, [[The Guardian]], 30 December  2005.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;For Strauss, 'natural right' meant the right of the superior to dominate the inferior. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.alternet.org/story/15935 Leo Strauss' Philosophy of Deception], by [[Jim Lobe]], [[Alternet]], 19 May 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray went on to present a picture of Europe on the verge of being outbred by Muslims,a common neoconservative trope:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Europe has used up its peace dividend. The holiday from reality it had for half a century during which it spent money on welfare whilst America protected its security, is now over – comprehensively so. Europe not only has unsustainable demographic issues which – if un-addressed - will eradicate the continent as we know it within three or four generations. It also has security issues, not least those associated with its unameliorated populations and its increasingly inefficient armies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray developed this idea further in a February 2006 speech to the [[Pim Fortuyn Memorial Conference on Europe and Islam]], which embraced [[Bat Ye'or]]’s concept of Dhimmitude:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::It is late in the day, but Europe still has time to turn around the demographic time-bomb which will soon see a number of our largest cities fall to Muslim majorities. It has to. All immigration into Europe from Muslim countries must stop. In the case of a further genocide such as that in the Balkans, sanctuary would be given on a strictly temporary basis. This should also be enacted retrospectively… Conditions for Muslims in Europe must be made harder across the board: Europe must look like a less attractive proposition.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Douglas Murray, [http://web.archive.org/web/20060419174538/http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000809.php What are we to do about Islam? A speech to the Pim Fortuyn Memorial Conference on Europe and Islam], Social Affairs Unit, 3 March 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By 2006, Murray was being described as a Senior Fellow of the [[Social Affairs Unit]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.henryjacksonsociety.org/stories.asp?id=71 Open Letter to World Leaders on the Crisis in Darfur], 10 October 2006. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Centre for Social Cohesion==&lt;br /&gt;
Murray was appointed director the [[Centre for Social Cohesion]] when it was founded by [[Civitas]] in 2007. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/press/prCSCNew.php Centre for Social Cohesion: Press Release], accessed 22 March 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In July 2007, the Centre issued its first published work, an A-Z of Muslim Organisations in Britain, which claimed to be the fullest analysis yet published of the major Muslim organisations in Britain.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/press/prCSC1Jul2007.php Centre for Social Cohesion: Press Release], 1 July 2007, accessed 22 March 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
In August 2007 Murray and James Brandon co-authored the Centre's first pamphlet, Hate on the State, How British Libraries Encourage Islamic Extremism. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/pdf/HateOnTheState.pdf Hate on the State, How British Libraries Encourage Islamic Extremism], August 2007, accessed 22 March 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;The Centre later claimed credit when the Prime minister announced that the &amp;quot;Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport is working with the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council to agree a common approach to deal with the inflammatory and extremist material that some seek to distribute through public libraries, while also of course protecting freedom of speech.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/blog/2007/11/pm_uses_centres_hate_on_the_st.html PM uses Centre's 'Hate on the State' report to tackle stocking of pro-jihadist books by libraries], Blog, The Centre for Social Cohesion, 28 November 2007.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In January 2008, the Centre produced an analysis which showed that a third of Muslims signing a letter of support for [[Ken Livingstone]] were linked to the [[Muslim Council of Britain]] or the [[Muslim Association of Britain]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/press/CSCPRMuslimsandtheMayor.php PRESS BRIEFING: Muslims and the Mayor: Who are Ken's Muslim backers?], [[Centre for Social Cohesion]], 4 January 2008&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Political Views==&lt;br /&gt;
Murray is a professed neoconservative and is the author of ''Neoconservatism: Why We Need It'' ([[Social Affairs Unit]], UK: [[Encounter Books]], US). He has described what he sees as, “a creed of Islamic fascism - a malignant fundamentalism, woken from the dark ages to assault us here and now”. Murray believes “we live…in a thought culture – but it is one in which the thought has gone bad”. He sees the main problem as being cultural relativism &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000636.php Neoconservatism: why we need it] - a talk to the Manhattan Institute by Douglas Murray, 26 October 2005)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;which he has described as, &amp;quot;the primary disease - the AIDS of the West – the disease which has made the opportunist infection of Islam so deadly&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000809.php What are we to do about Islam? A speech to the Pim Fortuyn Memorial Conference on Europe and Islam by Douglas Murray, 3 March 2006]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2007, after a Jewish community leader commented that British Jews should be aware of the existence of Islamophobia as well as anti-Semitism, Murray responding by calling it 'a myth'. He said: 'A phobia is something irrational, but there’s a very rational fear in being scared of Islam today and wanting to act against it. ... Islam is not a race, it’s an ideology. It’s not bad to dislike someone for their ideology. That is not racism.' &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dana Gloger, '[http://archive.thejc.com/searchn/advsearch.jsp?fd=01/01/1900&amp;amp;td=01/01/2100&amp;amp;rr=0&amp;amp;qa=israel&amp;amp;qo=&amp;amp;qn=&amp;amp;qp=jewish%20leadership%20council&amp;amp;pfrom=220&amp;amp;B1=Search Douglas Murray]', thejc.com, 2 August 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Domestically he had advocated that, “all immigration into Europe from Muslim countries must stop” and that, “conditions for Muslims in Europe must be made harder across the board&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000809.php What are we to do about Islam? A speech to the Pim Fortuyn Memorial Conference on Europe and Islam by Douglas Murray, 3 March 2006]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On foreign policy he has stated that the war on terrorism must be extended to “remind the malignant that this war and this era will be dictated on our terms - on the terms of the strong and the right, not the weak and the wrong.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialaffairsunit.org.uk/blog/archives/000809.php What are we to do about Islam? A speech to the Pim Fortuyn Memorial Conference on Europe and Islam by Douglas Murray, 3 March 2006]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray was a signatory of an open letter to world Leaders on the crisis in Darfur, issued by the [[Henry Jackson Society Project for Democratic Geopolitics]]. He was listed as a senior fellow of the [[Social Affairs Unit]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.henryjacksonsociety.org/stories.asp?id=71 Open Letter to World Leaders on the Crisis in Darfur], 10 October 2006. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray voted for the [[Labour Party]] in the July 2007 Ealing-Southall by-election.&lt;br /&gt;
::The candidate put up by ‘David Cameron’s Conservatives’ had been a Conservative for a matter of hours and been parachuted in over any number of dedicated, and equally ethnic, party workers. I might have reined in my objections if it hadn’t been for the earlier elevation of Sayeeda Warsi to the shadow Cabinet and the Lords. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.spectator.co.uk/the-magazine/the-week/60890/diary.thtml Diary], by Douglas Murray, [[The Spectator]], 25 July 2007.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===American Power===&lt;br /&gt;
In 2008 Murray attended a debate sponsored by [[Robert Rosenkranz]], arguing (with [[Michael Mandelbaum]] and [[Max Boot]]) for the motion 'America should be the world’s policeman'. Murray said:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;It’s not your force as a nation which I think allows you that right, it’s America’s virtues that allow it that right.  It’s the fact that, when America goes into a country like Afghanistan or Iraq, you don’t do the things which previous great powers did, that the moment, if anything this is a failing, if anything, when you go into a country like Iraq, you don’t say how long can we stay here, but how soon can we get out.   You want to dabble as little as possible in the world--I think that’s a virtue. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Intelligence Square, [http://www.powerbase.info/images/4/4f/AmericaWorldPoliceman-021208.pdf Transcript of 'America should be the world’s policeman']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later Murray suggested that without the United States as a 'World policeman', Saudi Arabia could take its place:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Who else might be on the horizon?  You might see, there’s a lot of talk for instance at the moment about Saudi Arabia.  We have a lot of talk about that in Britain at the moment with our Archbishop of Canterbury, or soon to be promoted to the Grand Mufti of Canterbury. Saying that he wouldn’t mind Sharia law in Britain, I was sitting opposite a clerical goon two mornings ago in London who was explaining to me,  Sheik Sewit Hassan [PH], what the sharia that he would like to bring to Britain would be and that, yes, we should cut off hands, we should stone women to death, because it would teach the others, and he hadn’t seen any adultery in Saudi Arabia. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Intelligence Square, [http://www.powerbase.info/images/4/4f/AmericaWorldPoliceman-021208.pdf Transcript of 'America should be the world’s policeman']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The conservative English journalist Matthew Parris, who argued against the notion, commented:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Both Murray and [[Max Boot|Boot]] and [[Michael Mandelbaum]], too clever for the mob on their own side, represent one of the most interesting political experiments in outsourcing ever conducted -- U.S. conservatism’s franchising out to experts of its higher mental faculties. Their function, they’re a kind of priesthood, is to flatter stupider people that there exist higher arguments, smarter than they themselves can quite grasp, for things that they wanted to do anyway.  They should be here in white robes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Intelligence Square, [http://www.powerbase.info/images/4/4f/AmericaWorldPoliceman-021208.pdf Transcript of 'America should be the world’s policeman']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===NATO===&lt;br /&gt;
Murray 'assisted in the writing process' for the 2007 pamphlet [[Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership]], which proposed a new UN/EU/NATO directorate to 'co-ordinate all co-operation in the transatlantic sphere of interest.'&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.csis.org/media/csis/events/080110_grand_strategy.pdf Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership], [[Noaber Foundation]], 2007 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Written by five former NATO generals, Gen. Dr. [[Klaus Naumann]], Gen. [[John Shalikashvili]], Field Marshal The [[Lord Inge]], Adm. [[Jacques Lanxade]], Gen. [[Henk van den Breemen]] and Benjamin Bilski&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Naumann and Lord Inge are members of the International Advisory Board of [[World Security Network]] who also promote [http://www.worldsecuritynetwork.com/documents/3eproefGrandStrat(b).pdf the document].  See also: [http://www.globalsecuritynews.com/showArticle3.cfm?article_id=15391 NATO: New &amp;quot;Grand Strategy&amp;quot; Proposed by Former Top Military Leaders], Dieter Farwick, 16 January 2008 (this report also appears on the 2007 [http://www.analyst-network.com/article.php?art_id=1606 International Analyst Network] site, with both ramping up the terrorist threat).  The Report was funded by the Dutch [[Noaber Foundation]], Van den Breemen is an advisor to the Noaber Foundation as is Douglas Murray.  Noaber's  founder, J.G.P. Baan is also connected to the World Security Network as one of their [http://www.worldsecuritynetwork.com/network/dsp_author3.cfm Authors].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, the paper clearly owed much to neocon thinking and Murray’s distinctive philosophy:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::In every country, and at all times, we like to rely on certainty. Certainty about the past, the present and even the future. Yet certainty is based not on inevitability, but rather on social and intellectual needs. We seek to uphold a common and stable experience, shunning the arbitrary in favour of closure in debate.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.csis.org/media/csis/events/080110_grand_strategy.pdf Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership], [[Noaber Foundation]], 2007. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pamphlet proposed a new UN/EU/NATO directorate to 'co-ordinate all co-operation in the transatlantic sphere of interest.’ It suggested that if this prescription were followed ”we might, in the medium to long term, thus be capable of restoring certainty –something which we see as the most important prerequisite for functioning societies.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.csis.org/media/csis/events/080110_grand_strategy.pdf Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership], [[Noaber Foundation]], 2007 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'The Guardian' suggested the plan would be discussed at the NATO summit in Bucharest in April 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ian Traynor, [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/jan/22/nato.nuclear Pre-emptive nuclear strike a key option, Nato told], The Guardian, 22 January 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, according to ''The Globe and Mail'' an un-named senior NATO figure said the pamphlet'’s call for the alliance to develop a first-strike nuclear capability had ‘no traction whatsoever.’&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Doug Sanders, Russia's problems nudge Afghanistan off the map, Globe and Mail, 2 April 2008.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==On the English Defence League==&lt;br /&gt;
Speaking at the One Law For All conference in January 2011, Murray commented:&lt;br /&gt;
::The [[English Defence League]], when they started protesting had banners saying things like Sharia law discriminates against women, Sharia law is anti-gay. Well I'm good with both of those sentiments I'm sure most people in this room are. If you‘re going to have a grassroots response from non-Muslims to Islamism, that would be how you'd want it surely.  But of course, we all know there are awkward things around this.  There have been exposed links from the EDL with far right organisations in individual cases, and maybe, others will know more about this, wider than that.  But you know, [[Louis Amis]] wrote a very interesting piece in [[Standpoint]] magazine a few months ago and he said, and others have said that as far as they have seen within the EDL, they have tried to kick out [[BNP]] elements.  Does that meant that they are racists or they aren't.  I'm not making a definitive point, but I'm just saying these things are extremely complex, and we ought to be careful before dismissing whole swathes of people. Thirdly, these groups [[Stop the Islamization of Europe]] and [[Stop the Islamization of America]], I don't know enough about them.  As far as I can see Stop the Islamization of Europe only has a few members.  In America, [[Robert Spencer]] is one of the directors, I happen to know Robert Spencer, I respect him, he's a very brilliant scholar and writer.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3fsynNRIFg Douglas Murray in support of the EDL at One-Law-For-All Conference], Youtube, 28 January 2011.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
An article on the EDL website commented on the speech, &lt;br /&gt;
::We hope that people present took some of the points made by Mr Murray on board – they were sensible, practical points.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;JohnJones, [http://englishdefenceleague.org/allies-not-enemies/ Allies Not Enemies – The EDL And The Sharia Literate Left United In The Counterjihad?], 28 August 2011.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Media Appearances==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray appears regularly on the mainstream media including the BBC ('The Today Programme', 'Newsnight' and 'The Moral Maze'), Fox, and Sky. He did a number of broadcasts from the Israeli side of the border during the recent war with Hezbollah. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/pubs/about.php People] (Accessed: 18 December 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He also appears in the British and foreign press, and has written for The Sunday Times, The Guardian, The New York Sun, NRC Handelsbad and numerous other magazines and newspapers. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.socialcohesion.co.uk/pubs/about.php People] (Accessed: 18 December 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;In January 2007 Murray and [[Daniel Pipes]] debated against London Mayor Ken Livingstone on “Clash of Civilisations or World Civilisation?” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.london.gov.uk/mayor/equalities/clash-conf.jsp Conference: A World Civilisation or a Clash of Civilisations 20 January 2007] (Accessed: 18 December 2007)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Newsnight 8 February 2008===&lt;br /&gt;
Murray was a commentator on the suggestion by archbishop Rowan Williams that there should be space for sharia law in Britain.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Website links==&lt;br /&gt;
Murray's website links to several articles, including Daniel Freedman's profile in the (2006) New York Sun, which claimed that Murray:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;quot;...when in Holland needs police protection and stays under an alias.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.nysun.com/opinion/mugged-by-reality/38058/ Mugged by Reality], The New York Sun, August 17, 2006, Daniel Freedman.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The same claim wwas made in article by Murray in the Sunday Times.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Douglas Murray, [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article735009.ece We should fear Holland’s silence Islamists are stifling debate in what was Europe’s freest country], The Sunday Times, February 26, 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This related to a conference celebrating murdered [[Pim Fortuyn]]’s political party, [[Lijst Pim Fortuyn]]: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;quot;The organisers had assembled nearly all the writers most critical of Islam’s current manifestation in the West. The American scholars [[Daniel Pipes]] and [[Robert Spencer]] were present, as were the Egyptian-Jewish exile and scholar of dhimmitude, [[Bat Ye’or]], and the great Muslim apostate [[Ibn Warraq]].&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Douglas Murray, [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article735009.ece We should fear Holland’s silence Islamists are stifling debate in what was Europe’s freest country], The Sunday Times, February 26, 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Despite the previous observation, Murray argued that: &amp;quot;There was no overriding political agenda to the occasion.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Douglas Murray, [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/article735009.ece We should fear Holland’s silence Islamists are stifling debate in what was Europe’s freest country], The Sunday Times, February 26, 2006.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Daniel Freedman's New York Sun article stated:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;quot;Murray lectures and debates across Europe in support of what he describes as neoconservative foreign policy [...] We pick Iran as a test case for his neoconservativism. First, basic realism is applied: When someone threatens to wipe out an ally, as Tehran's theocrats have repeatedly done toward Israel, you don't just say &amp;quot;that's interesting&amp;quot; or say that they &amp;quot;don't really mean it,&amp;quot; he tells me. You take it as a real threat. Then you imagine how you'd ideally like Iran to be, which is as a non-threatening democratic government. Therefore what America and her allies should have been doing during the past few years is fostering democratic movements in Iran.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.nysun.com/opinion/mugged-by-reality/38058/ Mugged by Reality], The New York Sun, August 17, 2006, Daniel Freedman.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article also discussed Murray's support for Israel:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::After being interviewed by the BBC during a recent visit to Jerusalem, a friend pointed out to him that he referred to Israel as &amp;quot;we.&amp;quot; This, Mr. Murray tells me, was an &amp;quot;instinctive&amp;quot; unconscious reaction, as &amp;quot;Israel is up against the same things&amp;quot; as we are and &amp;quot;has the same ends.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.nysun.com/opinion/mugged-by-reality/38058/ Mugged by Reality], The New York Sun, August 17, 2006, Daniel Freedman.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Murray's web site also includes his writing in the right-wing [[Standpoint]] Magazine wherein Murray argues that Moslem groups are blackmailing the government and deserve to be &amp;quot;thrown into the political wilderness&amp;quot;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;quot;...since Israel launched its campaign to destroy Hamas in the Gaza Strip, Muslim &amp;quot;spokespeople&amp;quot; in Britain have once again made it perfectly clear to the UK government that if their opinions on foreign policy are not listened to, they can't promise the community won't make them heard in a rather more explosive way. And the government is listening.  In 2005, the Muslim Council of Britain performed this trick. This year it has been played by the [[Quilliam Foundation]], a new government-funded Muslim organisation which has already received £800,000 from the Home and Foreign Offices claims to be moderate but turns out to have the same old attitudes vis-à-vis our foreign policy as the last set of self-appointed Muslim leaders[...] QF's directors along with a number of other Muslim &amp;quot;spokespeople&amp;quot; wrote to the prime minister, threatening that unless Britain changed its foreign policy, distanced itself from the US and changed its relationship with Israel, then they couldn't promise that young Muslims experiencing a &amp;quot;loss of faith in the political process&amp;quot; might not simply detonate out of exasperation.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.standpointmag.co.uk/the-outsider-february-09-douglas-murray-quilliam-foundation?page=0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1 Power to the Spokespeople], Standpoint, February 2009, Douglas Murray.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Websites==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.douglasmurray.co.uk http://www.douglasmurray.co.uk] (registered to [[Civitas]]).&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://conservativehome.blogs.com/centreright/douglas-murray.html ConservativeHome blogs Centreright: Douglas Murray]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.opendemocracy.net/author/Douglas_Murray.jsp openDemocracy Author - Douglas Murray]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Affiliations==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centre for Social Cohesion]] - director | [[Social Affairs Unit]] | [[European Freedom Fund]] - Trustee | [[European Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism]] - Advisory Board member. | [[Henry Jackson Society Project for Democratic Geopolitics]] | [[openDemocracy]] - former employee. | [[Noaber Foundation]] | [[Hudson Institute]] - He has spoken there. | [[Young Professionals In Foreign Policy]] - He has spoken there. | [[New Culture Forum]] - He has spoken there. | [[NGO Monitor]], International advisory board&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;NGO Monitor [http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article.php?id=2028 International Advisory Board Profiles], accessed 8 August 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  | [[Manhattan Institute]]- He has spoken there. | [[Center for Security Policy]] - Contributor to CSP front group [[Family Security Matters]] | [[Just Journalism]] Advisory Board circa 2010 (not on the board as of 2008)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Just Journalism [http://web.archive.org/web/20080415115144/www.justjournalism.com/advisory-board Advisory board], retrieved from the Internet Archive of 15 April 2008 (Accessed: 20 November 2010)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Just Journalism [http://justjournalism.com/advisory-board/ Advisory board], Accessed: 20 November 2010&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connections==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Brandon]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Burleigh]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ibn Warraq]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melanie Phillips]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ayaan Hirsi Ali]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Publications==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Books===&lt;br /&gt;
*Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas, Hodder and Stoughton, 2000.&lt;br /&gt;
*Neoconservatism: Why We Need It, [[Social Affairs Unit]], 2005.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Articles===&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://conservativehome.blogs.com/platform/2011/10/douglas-murray-.html Douglas Murray: I'm not a bigot but Paul Goodman is], ConservativeHome, 15 October 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Resources==&lt;br /&gt;
*Bob Pitt, [http://www.islamophobia-watch.com/islamophobia-watch/2011/1/30/douglas-murray-welcomes-the-edl-as-a-grassroots-response-fro.html Douglas Murray welcomes the EDL as 'a grassroots response from non-Muslims to Islamism'], Islamophobia Watch, 30 January 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
*Paul Goodman, [http://conservativehome.blogs.com/platform/2011/10/by-paul-goodman-the-struggle-against-islamist-extremism-demands-from-the-start-the-separation-of-islam-a-complex-religion.html Why the Conservative frontbench broke off relations with Douglas Murray - and what happened afterwards], ConservativeHome, 17 October 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
*Cristina Odone, [http://www.freefaith.com/2011/10/17/douglas-murray-must-not-destroy-tolerant-britain-with-his-muslim-bashing/ Douglas Murray must not destroy tolerant Britain with his Muslim-bashing], Free Faith, 17 October 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:UK|Murray, Douglas]][[Category:Neocons|Murray, Douglas]][[Category:Magdalen College Oxford Alumni|Murray, Douglas]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Tom Mills</name></author>
	</entry>
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