[[Image:Eli_lilly.gif|thumb|right|Eli Lilly's logo]]
Eli Lilly and Company Limited is the UK affiliate of the American pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly and Company of Indianapolis. In itself, Eli Lilly and Co. Ltd. is a major pharmaceutical company.<ref>http://www.lilly.co.uk/Nitro/index.jsp (Eli Lilly and Co. Homepage)</ref>.

Lilly has been involved in several significant pharmaceutical developments. In 1928 Lilly scientists developed the first effective treatment for pernicious anaemia, for which they share a Nobel prize. Lilly began production of Penicillin in 1943. In 1986 Lilly began to market selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, used to treat clinical depression. In 2005 Lilly released a new drug for depression, Cymbalta.<ref>http://www.lilly.co.uk/Nitro/newTemplates/general/Content_IT_LBCT.jsp?page=1198 (Eli Lilly History online)</ref>

Lilly’s current research interests include schizophrenia, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, attention deficit disorder, erectile dysfunction, severe sepsis, depression and bipolar disorder.

Lilly manufactures several well known pharmaceutical products including Zyprexa and Prozac (an SSRI). Zyprexa has been prescribed to nearly 20 million people globally, for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.<ref>http://www.zyprexa.com/index.jsp (Zyprexa online from Eli Lilly)</ref> Prozac is the most widely prescribed antidepressant in history and has been used by over 54 million patients globally to treat depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa and panic disorder.<ref>http://www.prozac.com/index.jsp (Prozac online from Eli Lilly)</ref>

Eli Lilly’s global sales in 2005 were $14.65B and their research and development spend $3,025M. Zyprexa sales alone totalled $4.20B.<ref>Gray, N. (2006) Changing Landscapes: A special Report on the World’s Top 50 Pharma Companies, Pharmaceutical Executive. Available online at: pharmexec.findpharma.com/pharmexec/2005-Pharm-Exec-50-revised/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/354138 </ref>

==People==

===Board of Directors===
Eli Lilly and Company list their Board of Directors for 2007 as<ref> Elli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/directors.cfm Director Profiles] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref>...

* [[Sidney Taurel]] - Chairman & CEO. Taurel's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4148&Group=2 Sidney Taurel] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> describes how he first joined Eli Lilly in 1971 and took up his current positions of CEO in 1998 and Chairman in 1999. He is a member of the boards of [[IBM Corporation]], [[McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.]], the [[RCA Tennis Championships]], is a member of the board of overseers of the [[Columbia Business School]], a trustee at [[Indianapolis Museum of Art]], a member of The [[Business Council]] and The [[Business Roundtable]]. He is also on the [[Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations]] and is an officer of the [[French Legion of Honor]]. Taurel was previously president and a member of the executive committee of the board of directors for the [[Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]] (PhRMA)

* [[Winfried Bischoff]] - Bischoff's biography<ref>Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4454&Group=2 Winifried Bischoff] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that he joined Eli Lilly in 2000. Bischoff is also chairman of [[Citi Europe]], on the management committee of [[Citi Inc.]], a nonexecutive director of The [[McGraw-Hill Companies]] and [[Land Securities plc]], a member of the [[City Promotion Panel]] and a member of the [[Council for Industry and Higher Education]]. His previous involvements include serving [[J Henry Schroder & Co. Limited]], [[Schroders Asia Limited]] and [[Schroders plc]]. He has also previously served on the boards of [[Siemens Holdings plc]], [[Cable and Wireless plc]] and [[IFIL Finanziaria di Partecipazioni SPA]], Italy.

* [[J. Michael Cook]] - Cook's biography<ref>Eli Lilly Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=7346&Group=2 J Michael Cook] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that he joined Eli Lilly in 2005. Cook also serves as a member of the Advisory Council of the [[Public Company Accounting Oversight Board]], is a trustee of the [[Scripps Research Institute]], is on the boards of [[Comcast Corp.]], [[International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.]], [[AT&T Corp.]], [[Fidelity Group of Mutual Funds]], [[HCA]] – The Healthcare Co., [[Northrop Grumman Corp.]] and [[Rockwell International]]. He is chair of the audit committees for [[Comcast]] and [[International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.]]. He also serves as chairman of the [[Accountability Advisory Council]] to the [[Comptroller General of the United States]], is a member of the [[National Association of Corporate Directors Blue Ribbon Panel on Corporate Governance]] and was named the 62nd member of the [[Accounting Hall of Fame]] in 1999. Cooks previous involvements include serving as chairman and chief executive officer of [[Deloitte and Touche]] LLP and as past president of the [[Institute of Outstanding Directors]]. Cook is also reported to have 'written and spoken extensively on international accounting standards, business globalization, auditor independence, corporate governance, gender equality in the workplace, tort and securities law reform, and he has often testified before Congress on professional issues'.
* [[Martin S Feldstein]] - Feldstein's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4151&Group=2 Martin S Feldstein] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that he joined Eli Lilly in 2002. Feldstein is also the George F. Baker Professor of Economics at [[Harvard University]], President and CEO of the [[National Bureau of Economic Research]], a member of the [[American Philosophical Society]], the Institute of Medicare of the [[National Academy of Sciences]], and is a fellow of the [[British Academy]], the [[Econometric Society]] and the [[National Association for Business Economics]]. Feldstein is a member of the executive committee of the [[Trilateral Commission]], a director of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] and a member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]. Feldstein is also a director of [[American International Group]] and is reported to be an economic advisor to several businesses in the United States and abroad whilst also contributing regularly to The [[Wall Street Journal]]. His previous involvements include serving as chairman of the [[Council of Economic Advisers]] and as President Ronald Reagan's chief economic advisor. He also previously served as a fellow at [[Nuffield College]] (1964-67), was a lecturer in public finance for [[Oxford University]] and served as an assistant professor (in 1967), associate professor (in 1968) and full professor (in 1969) at Harvard University.

* [[George M C Fisher]] - Fisher's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4455&Group=2 George M C Fisher] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reported that he is also a Senior Advisor for [[Kohlberg Kravis Roberts and Company]] and Presiding Director of [[General Motors Corporation]]. He is a fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and of the [[International Academy of Astronautics]]. Fisher's previous involvements include serving as chairman & CEO for [[Motorola Inc.]] and the [[Eastman Kodak Company]]. He worked for ten years in research and development at [[Bell Telephone Laboratories]], served as Chairman of [[PanAmSat Corporation]] and was on the boards of [[AT&T]], [[American Express Company]], [[Comcast Corporation]], [[Delta Air Lines Inc.]], [[Eastman Kodak Company]], [[Hughes Electronics Corporation]], [[Motorola, Inc.]], [[Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing]], [[Brown University]] and The [[National Urban League Inc.]] Fisher also served as chairman of the [[National Academy of Engineering]] (2000-2004), is a former member of the boards of the [[University of Illinois Foundation]] (1997-1999) and the [[U.S.-China Business Council]] (1997-1999), former chairman the [[Council on Competitiveness]] (1991-1993), former member of the [[World Wildlife Fund National Council]] and [[Trustee Emeritus of George Eastman House]]. He also previously served as Vice Chairman for The [[Business Council]] (1997-1999) and as Chairman of the [[Industry Policy Advisory Committee]] (IPAC). It is also reported that Fisher 'has been active in U.S./International trade issues through advisory groups to the [[U.S. Trade Representative]] and the [[U.S. Secretary of Commerce]]'. Fisher's previous involvements also include serving as member of the President's [[Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations]] which he joined in 1997<ref> Clinton Presidential Centre [http://www.clintonpresidentialcenter.org/legacy/121597-president-names-members-to-advisory-committee-for-trade-policy.htm President Names Members to Advisory Committee for Trade Policy] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref>

* [[J Erik Fyrwald]] - Fyrwald's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=9343&Group=2 J Erik Fyrwald] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> describes how he is currently also Group Vice President of [[DuPont]] Agriculture & Nutrition (since 2003), having served [[DuPont]] in a variety of areas since he joined them in 1981. Fyrwald also serves on the boards of [[CropLife International]] President's Advisory Group, [[Des Moines Art Center]], [[Greater Des Moines Partnership]] (Public and Private Collaboration) and The [[Solae Company]].

* [[Alfred G Gilman]] - Gilman's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4456&Group=2 Alfred G Gilman] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that he joined Eli Lilly in 1995. Gilman is also Executive Vice President for academic affairs and provost at the [[University of Texas]] Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, where he also serves as regental professor of pharmacology and as Dean of Southwestern Medical School. He is a member of the board of directors of [[Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.]]. Gilman previously served ten years with the [[University of Virginia]] in Charlottesville (commencing in 1971), where his positions included assistant, associate, and professor of pharmacology, and director of the medical scientist training program. He was also the editor of Goodman and Gilman's The [[Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics]] from 1980–1990.

* [[Karen N Horn]] - Horn's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4458&Group=2 Karen N Horn] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that she joined Eli Lilly in 1987. Horn is also Senior Managing Director for the [[Brock Capital Group]] (since 2004), is a Director of [[T Rowe Price Mutual Funds]], The [[U.S. Russia Investment Fund]] (a presidential appointment), the [[Simon Property Group]] and [[Fannie Mae]]. Horn has also served on the President's [[Bipartisan Commission on Entitlements]]. Her previous involvements include serving as President for [[Private Client Services]], senior managing director and head of international private banking for [[Bankers Trust Company]], chairman and CEO of [[Bank One]], President of the [[Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland]], Treasurer of the [[Bell Telephone Company]], Vice President of [[First National Bank]] of Boston, and between 1999 to 2003, as Managing Director of [[Marsh Inc.]] (a subsidiary of [[MMC]]).

* [[John C Lechleiter]] - President & CEO. Lechleiter's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=9191&Group=2 John C Lechleiter] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> describes how he joined Eli Lilly in 1979 and served in a variety of positions (including the company's policy and strategy committee and as Vice President for development and regulatory affairs) before taking up the positions of CEO and President in 2008. Lechleiter is also a member of the [[American Chemical Society]], a member of the board of trustees of [[Xavier University]] (Cincinnati, Ohio), was appointed to the Visiting Committee of [[Harvard Business School]] and to the Health Policy and Management Executive Council of the [[Harvard School of Public Health]] (in 2004). He also serves as distinguished advisor of The [[Children's Museum of Indianapolis]], is a member of the board of directors and executive committee of [[Fairbanks Institute]], is on the board of [[Indianapolis Downtown Inc.]] and is a member of the [[United Way of Central Indiana]] board of directors.

* [[Ellen R Marram]] - Marram's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4459&Group=2 Ellen R Marram] accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that she is also President of The [[Barnegat Group]] LLC, Advisor to [[North Castle Partners]] L.L.C. (where she was formerly Managing Director 2000-2005), member of the Board of Directors of [[Ford Motor Company]], The [[New York Times]] Company and several other companies who's names are not disclosed. She is a Trustee of the [[Conference Board]] and also serves on the boards of The [[New York & Presbyterian Hospital]], [[Lincoln Center Theater]], [[Families and Work Institute]], and [[Citymeals-on-Wheels]]. Marram's previous involvements include serving as a member of the Board of Associates of [[Harvard Business School]], President and Chief Executive Officer of [[Tropicana]] and the [[Tropicana Beverage Group]] (1993-1998) and President and CEO of the [[Nabisco Biscuit Company]] (1987-1993). Between 1970 to 1986, she is reported to have 'held a series of marketing positions at [[Nabisco/Standard Brands]], [[Johnson & Johnson]] and [[Lever Brothers]].

* [[Franklyn G Prendergast]] - Prendergast's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4460&Group=2 Franklin G Prendergast] Accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that he joined Eli Lilly in 1995. Prendergast is a member of the [[American Chemical Society]], [[American Society for Photobiology]], [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], [[Biophysical Society]], [[Sigma Xi]], [[American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology]] and [[American Cancer Society]]. His biography describes how he has served the [[Mayo Medical School]] and the [[Mayo Foundation]] since joining the Mayo Medical School in 1975.

* [[Kathi P Seifert]] - Seifert's biography<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://investor.lilly.com/corpgov-BioDetail.cfm?BioID=4462&Group=2 Kathi P Seifert] accessed 31st January 2008</ref> reports that she joined Eli Lilly in 1995. Seifert is also Chairman of [[Pinnacle Perspectives]] LLC, a member the board of directors of [[Supervalu Inc.]], [[Revlon Consumer Products Corporation]], [[Lexmark International Inc.]], [[Appleton Papers Inc.]], the U.S. Fund for [[UNICEF]] and the [[Fox Cities Performing Arts Center]]. Seiferts previous involvements include serving [[Procter & Gamble]], [[Beatrice Foods]], [[Fort Howard Paper Company]] and as Executive Vice President for [[Kimberly-Clark Corporation]] (where she held a variety of positions between 1978-2004)

===Executive Management===
Eli Lilly and Company list their Executive Management for 2007 as comprising<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://www.lilly.com/about/management/ Executive Management] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref>...

* [[Sidney Taurel]] - Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
* [[Robert A Armitage]] - Senior Vice President and General Counsel
* [[Robert W Armstrong]] - Vice President, Global External Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories
* [[Alex M Azar]] II - Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs and Communications
* [[Alan Breier]] - Vice President for Medical and Chief Medical Officer
* [[Bryce D Carmine]] - President, Global Product Development
* [[William W Chin]] - Vice President, Discovery Research and Clinical Investigation
* [[Robert A Cole]] - Vice President, Global Engineering and Environmental Health and Safety
* [[Deirdre P Connelly]] - President, Lilly USA
* [[Newton F Crenshaw]] - President and General Manager, Lilly Japan
* [[Andrew M Dahlem]] - Vice President, Lilly Research Labs Operations
* [[Frank M Deane]] - President, Manufacturing
* [[Alecia A DeCoudreaux]] - Vice President and General Counsel
* [[Johanna Carmel Egan]] - Vice President, Project Management
* [[Timothy R. Franson]] - Vice President, Global Regulatory Affairs
* [[Thomas W Grein]] - Vice President and Treasurer
* [[Simon N R Harford]] - Vice President and Controller
* [[Michael C Heim]] - Vice President, Information Technology and Chief Information Officer
* [[Abbas Hussain]]- Vice President Europe
* [[Patrick C James]] - President, Elanco Animal Health
* [[Peter J Johnson]] - Executive Director, Corporate Strategic Planning
* [[Elizabeth H Klimes]] - Vice President, Six Sigma
* [[John C Lechleiter]] - President and Chief Operating Officer
* [[Patricia Martin]] - Vice President, Global Diversity
* [[Anthony Murphy]] - Senior Vice President, Human Resources
* [[Anne Nobles]] - Vice President, Compliance and Enterprise Risk Management and Chief Compliance Officer
* [[Steven M Paul]] - Executive Vice President, Science and Technology, President of Lilly Research Laboratories
* [[Richard D Pilnik]] - Group Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
* [[Derica W Rice]] - Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
* [[Gino Santini]] - Senior Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Policy
* [[Sharon L Sullivan]] - Vice President, Human Resources–Global Compensation and HR Services
* [[Lorenzo Tallarigo]] - President, International Operations
* [[Jacques Tapiero]] - President, Intercontinental Operations
* [[Albertus van den Bergh]] - Vice President, Global Customer Solutions
* [[Thomas Verhoeven]] - Vice President for Process and Product Development
* [[Fionnuala Walsh]] - Vice President of Quality
* [[James A Ward]] - Vice President and Chief Procurement Officer

==Patient Groups==
Eli Lilly and Company UK report their relationships with Patient Groups in 2006 as follows<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://www.lilly.co.uk/Nitro/newTemplates/general/Content_IT_LBCT.jsp?page=1471 Patient Group Relationships] Accessed 31st December 2007</ref>...
* [[British Lung Foundation]] - £20,000, all of which is dedicated to the UK Lung Cancer Coalition.
* [[Cancer Research UK Scotland]] - £1,500
* [[Cancerbackup]] - £23,000
* [[Continence Foundation]] - £11,800 (Lilly in partnership with [[Boehringer Ingelheim]])
* [[Depression Alliance]] - $15,000 (Lilly in partnership with [[Boehringer Ingelheim]])
* [[Diabetes UK]] - £31,836
* [[Diabetes UK Scotland]] - £500
* [[Hafal]] - £5,000
* [[MDF The BiPolar Organisation]] - £5,000
* [[Men’s Health Forum]] - £7,500
* [[Men’s Health Forum Scotland]] - £500
* [[Mesothelioma UK]] (National Macmillan Mesothelioma Resource Centre) - £20,000
* [[National Schizophrenia Fellowship]] (Scotland) - £5,000
* [[Rethink]] - £25,000
* [[Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation]] - £2,000
* [[Royal National Institute of the Blind Scotland]] - £4,000
* [[Sexual Dysfunction Association]] - £25,000

In 2006, the Lilly Grants Committee has made the following grants:
* Amersham and High Wycombe Branch of the [[Parkinson´s Disease Society]] - £400
* [[Birmingham Parents Group]] - £200
* [[British Lung Foundation Scotland]] - £900
* [[Centre for Mental Health]] - £15,000 (in partnership with Boehringer Ingelheim)
* [[Children´s Holiday Foundation]] Devon - £250
* [[Clydebank Asbestos Group]] - £17,560
* [[Diabetes Calshot Holiday]] - £100
* [[Diabetes West Midlands]] - £200
* [[Macmillan Cancer Relief]] - £2,000
* [[Mencap]] - £100
* [[National Osteoporosis Society]] (Winchester Support Group) - £100
* [[National Osteoporosis Society]] - £250
* [[Perth and Kinross ADHD Support Group]] - £1,412
* [[SeeAbility]] - £100
* [[TB Alert]] - £1,500
* The [[Tern Veterinary Group]] - £100
* [[Winchester Deanery Children´s Society]] - £150

==Affiliations==
Eli Lilly list some of their alliances with other organisations as follows<ref> Eli Lilly and Company [http://www.lilly.com/about/partnering/alliances/ Alliances] Accessed 31st December 2007</ref>. The exact nature and timescales of the alliances are not disclosed.

* [[Alkermes Inc.]] - Research & Development alliance to develop inhaled formulations of insulin
* [[Nicholas Piramal India Limited]] - Research & Development alliance in the development of several pre-clinical drug candidates
* [[Structural GenomiX Inc.]] - Research & Development alliance.
* [[Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc.]] - Commercialization alliance, development and commercialization of diabetes therapies.
* [[Quintiles Transnational Corp.]] - Commercialization alliance, promotion & marketing
* [[Boehringer Ingelheim]] - Commercialization alliance, promotion & marketing
* [[Lonza Group]] - Manufacturing alliance

Particia Martin, Executive Director of alliance management at Eli Lilly reported to Pharmaceutical Executive <ref> Pharmaceutical Executive [http://www.lilly.com/about/partnering/alliances/pharmaceutical_executive_june_2004.pdf Biotech and Pharma - Why Alliances Fail]Accessed 31st December 2007</ref> that Lilly has been partnering for a long time and is involved in hundreds of alliances.

Eli Lilly provided generous support for the Expert Consensus Guideline Series: Treatment of Schizophrenia 1999 an initiative aiming at establishing uniform medication guidelines for schizophrenia<ref> Weibert, S. [http://www.teenscreentruth.com/New_Freedom_Commission.html The Genesis of President Bush’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health] Teenscreen Truth. Accessed 9th January 2008</ref>. It is reported that this was an initiative 'supported exclusively by 6 pharmaceutical companies: [[Eli Lilly and Company]], [[Janssen Pharmaceutica Inc.]], [[Novartis]] Pharmaceuticals Corporation, [[Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical]], [[Pfizer]] Inc. and [[Zeneca Pharmaceuticals]]' (now known as [[AstraZeneca]]). [[Michael Hogan]] and [[Laurie Flynn]] were also involved in this initiative.

==Public Relations, Lobbying and Business Intelligence Firms==
Eli Lilly is listed as a client for [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref> and The [[Gorlin Group]]<ref>The Gorlin Group [http://www.gorlingroup.com/ Clients] Accessed 20th March 2008</ref>

In 2008, Lilly is listed as a client of [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref>, as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> and a member of the [[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]<ref>International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations [http://www.ifpma.org/About_Us/about_mem_europe.aspx Members] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>

The Centre for Responsive Ethics report the following as agencies hired to assist in Eli Lilly's lobbying activities in 2007<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?txtname=Eli+Lilly+%26+Co&year=2007 Lobbying/Eli Lilly & Co] Accessed 12th March 2008</ref>...

* [[McManus Group]] - $180,000
* [[Nickles Group]] - $169,500
* [[Barbour, Griffith and Rogers]] - $120,000
* [[Ricchetti Inc]] - $120,000
* [[Foley Hoag]] LLP - $100,000
* [[OB-C Group]] - $60,000
* [[Capitol Hill Consulting]] - $40,000
* [[Sidley, Austin et al]] - $40,000
* [[Monument Policy Group]] - $33,000

Other agencies hired previous to 2007 (during the period 1999-2006) are reported as...
* [[PodestaMattoon]]
* [[Legislative Strategies Group]]
* [[McDermott, Will & Emery]]
* [[Albers & Co]]
* [[Crowell & Moring]]
* [[Bennett, Turner & Coleman]]
* [[Clark & Weinstock]]
* [[Ernst & Young]]
* [[HC Assoc]]
* [[Policy Directions Inc]]
* [[Baker & Hostetler]]
* [[Shook, Hardy & Bacon]]
* [[Alexander Strategy Group]]
* [[Verner, Liipfert et al]]
* [[Strategic Health Solutions]]
* [[Venn Strategies]]
* [[Ropes & Gray]]
* [[Mayer, Brown et al]]
* [[Greenberg Traurig]] LLP
* [[Andreae & Assoc]]
* [[Andreae, Vick & Assoc]]
* [[Westin Rinehart Group]]
* [[Guida Consulting Services]]
* [[Spencer-Roberts]]
* [[Venable]] LLP
* [[Pillsbury, Winthrop et al]]

==Government and the Corporate Purse==
The Centre for Responsive Ethics report the following political contributions by Eli Lilly<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/summary.asp?ID=D000000166&Name=Eli%20Lilly%20&%20Co Eli Lilly and Company] Accessed 12th March 2008</ref>...

* 2007-2008 $341,006 (51% Democrat, 49% Republican) -note:full contributions not yet calculated for this cycle.
* 2005-2006 $746,660 (27% Dems, 72% Reps)
* 2003-2004 $981,252 (27% Dems, 73% Reps)
* 2001-2002 $1,665,031 (26% Dems, 74% Reps)
* 1999-2000 $1,759,025 (20% Dems, 80% Reps)

Lobbying expenditure is reported as follows<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?txtname=Eli+Lilly+%26+Co&year=2007 Lobbying/Eli Lilly & Co] Accessed 12th March 2008</ref>...

* 2007 - $1,960,000 (total amount not yet available)
* 2006 - $3,700,000
* 2005 - $3,086,890
* 2004 - $3,400,000
* 2003 - $4,760,000
* 2002 - $6,800,000
* 2001 - $6,500,000
* 2000 - $5,300,000
* 1999 - $4,590,000

==Influencing Doctors==
In 2007, [[Shahram Ahari]] former pharmaceutical sales representative for Eli Lilly makes clear the influence that pharmaceuticals firms have over doctors in the Public Library of Science (PLoS) journal<ref>Public Library of Science [http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0040150 Following the Script: How Drug Reps Make Friends and Influence Doctors] Accessed 28th March 2008</ref>.

'It's my job to figure out what a physician's price is... at the most basic level, everything is for sale and everything is an exchange'.

See [[How the Pharmaceutical Industry Influences Doctors]] for details

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]

File:Eli lilly.gif

2008-04-22T16:43:30Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Allergan

2008-04-22T15:55:00Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Logo allergan global.gif|thumb|right|300px|Allergan's logo]]Founded in 1948, '''Allergan''' became a public company in 1970 and merged with [[SmithKline Beecham]] in 1980. It became independent again in 1989. Allergan’s research interests today include: glaucoma, retinal disease, dry eye, pain, movement disorders, retinoid technology, psoriasis, acne, photo-damage, metabolic disease and cancer.<ref>http://www.allergan.co.uk/careers/culture.htm (Allergan Careers Information)</ref>

In 2006, Allergan was ranked 37th in the Top 50 pharmaceutical companies worldwide, with 2005 Global Sales of $2.32 and a Research and Development spend of $387M. <ref>Gray, N. (2006) Changing Landscapes: A special Report on the World’s Top 50 Pharma Companies, Pharmaceutical Executive. Available online at: pharmexec.findpharma.com/pharmexec/2005-Pharm-Exec-50-revised/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/354138</ref>. Allergan operates in over 100 countries and has approximately 7,000 employees worldwide. Allergan markets several leading pharmaceutical products including BOTOX.

Allergan Holdings Limited and Allergan Limited are UK subsidiaries of Allergan, Inc.<ref>http://sec.edgar-online.com/2004/03/05/0000892569-04-000307/Section36.asp (EDGARonline)</ref>

The Allergan Foundation is an offshoot of Allergan Inc. Since 1998 the Allergan Foundation has given grants of approximately $12M to the arts, civic programs, education and health and human services.

==References==

<references/>
[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]

AstraZeneca

2008-04-22T15:26:28Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:AstraZeneca.gif|thumb|right|300px|AstraZeneca's logo]]==Company Name:==

'''AstraZeneca Plc'''[http://www.astrazeneca.com/] is a [[Pharmaceutical Industry]] giant.

Astra (UK-based) and Zeneca (Sweden-based) merged in 1998 in one of the largest European mergers ever.<ref>Source: BBC News. Business: The Company File Zeneca and Astra merge to form drug giant. Online at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/the_company_file/231213.stm Accessed 13 April 2008.</ref> AstraZeneca is UK-based and is active in 100 countries, with 67,000 employees.

The company has six main therapy interest areas: cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infection, neuroscience, respiratory & inflammation. AstraZeneca’s products include Seroquel (schizophrenia and bipolar disease).

Market Capital £m: 2000: 2001: 56,334.9 FT UK 500 (2001)

Turnover £m: 2001: 12,325.0 FT UK 500 (2001)

==Affiliations==

*[[Sourcewatch: Public Affairs Council|Public Affairs Council]]
*[[Business in the Community]] [http://www.bitc.org.uk Website]
*[[International Life Sciences Institute]] [http://www.ilsi.org Website]
*[[Centre for European Reform]]
*[[Sourcewatch:Foundation for Public Affairs|Foundation for Public Affairs]] [http://www.pac.org/fpa website]
*[[Conference Board]]
*[[European Council on Corporate Communications]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/pdf_free/314000.pdf]
*[[Council of Chief Risk Officers]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/memberservices/councilsDetailUS.cfm?Council_ID=147]
*[[European Round Table of Industrialists]] [http://www.ert.be/]
*[[Science Media Centre]]
*[[Royal Institute of International Affairs]]
*[[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]

==CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Ventures==

'AstraZeneca Science Teaching Trust which in 2001 sponsored the 'Little Book of Experiments' which was distributed to UK primary schools as part of the National year of Science. programme.

In 2001, AstraZeneca's overall community spend totalled $19 million.' (Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, page 23)

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-cal-00-8.asp'AZ UK's CALM Programme - AstraZeneca UK's CALM Programme] is designed to promote well-being by helping employees achieve the right balance between work and leisure. The Programme aims to help people recognise signs of stress, and to provide routes of confidential support.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-hea-01-1.asp'The Balanced Living Charter] launched in 2001, developed in response to the leadership team's concern about stress-related illness and is used as a basis for action to improve the management of pressure. Its creation was intended for AstraZeneca staff working at the UK R&D sites to obtain the appropriate balance between work and home life and is intended to be used as a basis for action to improve the management of stress.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-gl-ani-00-1.asp'Reaching Out: AstraZeneca Anniversary] - to mark their first anniversary in June 2000, AstraZeneca reached out into their local communities around the world. Examples include:
1) A trip to London Eye, hosted by the employees from Corporate Office in London for local schoolchildren who might otherwise not had the opportunity.
2) New science and maths books were donated to two local high schools for 1st year pupils by AstraZeneca R&D in Sodertajle, Sweden.
3) Over 200 employees in Portugal donated their tickets to David Copperfield's Magic Show to underprivileged children in their community, 40 children with cancer and other illnesses and 50 people with learning difficulties.
4) In Argentina a taskforce was set up to co-ordinate a Respiratory Health Conference where patients, doctors and nurses from a local hospital were informed about asthma, its symptoms, causes and treatments.
5) In Thailand the company made a special donation of 100,000 Baht to a scholarship fund for medical students at Mahidol University.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-isc-00-10.asp'The AstraZeneca 'Inspiring Science' Programme for Schools] is run in conjunction with the CREST Awards Scheme in the UK, comprises a programme of project work that is enjoyable, relevant to the secondary education curriculum (ages 11-18) and designed to encourage young people's interest in science. There is a competitive element to the programme, with regional competitions and a national final. Cash prizes are offered to the schools of the students who deliver the best projects.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-tra-00-4.asp 'Drivers for Change'] is the name for Alderley Park site's Green Commuting project which has been operating since 1997 and is aimed at reducing 'single occupancy vehicles' for staff travelling to work. Car sharing, improved private and public bus services and the provision of cyclist and jogger changing facilities have meant an 8% reduction in car use on site. This and a number of other projects associated with car travel by staff has won the Chief Executive's Award 2000 for Travel Safety.'

'During 2001, AstraZeneca was included in the FTSE4Good Index and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index following independent assessment of their approach to CSR.'

Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, p 23.

==PR, Lobbying and Business Intelligence agencies==

*[[Edelman]]

AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref> and German PR company [[FischerAppelt Kommunikation]]<ref> FischerAppelt Kommunikation [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.fischerappelt.de/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DfischerAppelt%2BKommunikation%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-GB:official%26hs%3Dgve%26sa%3DG Current & former clients] Accessed 14th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref> they are also listed as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

==People==
*[[Tom McKiIIop]], former CEO

==Patient Groups==
Agreements held between AstraZeneca and Patient Groups in 2007 for the UK<ref>AstraZeneca UK[http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/responsibility/patient-groups.asp Patient Group Support] Accessed 6th December 2007</ref>
* [[Asthma UK]]
* [[Breakthough Breast Cancer]]
* [[Breast Cancer Campaign]]
* [[Breast Cancer Care]]
* [[British Lung Foundation]] Wales.
* [[Cancer Campaigning Group]]
* [[Cancerbackup]]
* [[Cancer Black Care]]
* [[CLIC Sargent]]
* [[Global Lung Cancer Coalition]]
* [[Hafal]]
* [[Heart UK]]
* [[Maggies Cancer Caring Centres]]
* [[MDF The Bipolar Organisation]]
* [[PCASO Prostrate Cancer Network]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Research Centre]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Charter for Action]]
* [[South Leeds PCT]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Charity]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Research Foundation]]
* [[The Prostrate Research Campaign]]
* [[The Stroke Association]]
* [[Vale Royal Relatives Support Group]]
* [[Workspace]]
* [[MacMillan Cancer Support]]
* [[UK Lung Cancer Coalition]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]
[[Category:Transnational Corporations]]

AstraZeneca

2008-04-22T15:23:05Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:AstraZeneca.gif|thumb|right|300px|AstraZeneca's logo]]==Company Name:==

'''AstraZeneca Plc'''[http://www.astrazeneca.com/] is a [[Pharmaceutical Industry]] giant.

Market Capital £m: 2000: 2001: 56,334.9 FT UK 500 (2001)

Turnover £m: 2001: 12,325.0 FT UK 500 (2001)

==Affiliations==

*[[Sourcewatch: Public Affairs Council|Public Affairs Council]]
*[[Business in the Community]] [http://www.bitc.org.uk Website]
*[[International Life Sciences Institute]] [http://www.ilsi.org Website]
*[[Centre for European Reform]]
*[[Sourcewatch:Foundation for Public Affairs|Foundation for Public Affairs]] [http://www.pac.org/fpa website]
*[[Conference Board]]
*[[European Council on Corporate Communications]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/pdf_free/314000.pdf]
*[[Council of Chief Risk Officers]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/memberservices/councilsDetailUS.cfm?Council_ID=147]
*[[European Round Table of Industrialists]] [http://www.ert.be/]
*[[Science Media Centre]]
*[[Royal Institute of International Affairs]]
*[[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]

==CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Ventures==

'AstraZeneca Science Teaching Trust which in 2001 sponsored the 'Little Book of Experiments' which was distributed to UK primary schools as part of the National year of Science. programme.

In 2001, AstraZeneca's overall community spend totalled $19 million.' (Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, page 23)

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-cal-00-8.asp'AZ UK's CALM Programme - AstraZeneca UK's CALM Programme] is designed to promote well-being by helping employees achieve the right balance between work and leisure. The Programme aims to help people recognise signs of stress, and to provide routes of confidential support.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-hea-01-1.asp'The Balanced Living Charter] launched in 2001, developed in response to the leadership team's concern about stress-related illness and is used as a basis for action to improve the management of pressure. Its creation was intended for AstraZeneca staff working at the UK R&D sites to obtain the appropriate balance between work and home life and is intended to be used as a basis for action to improve the management of stress.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-gl-ani-00-1.asp'Reaching Out: AstraZeneca Anniversary] - to mark their first anniversary in June 2000, AstraZeneca reached out into their local communities around the world. Examples include:
1) A trip to London Eye, hosted by the employees from Corporate Office in London for local schoolchildren who might otherwise not had the opportunity.
2) New science and maths books were donated to two local high schools for 1st year pupils by AstraZeneca R&D in Sodertajle, Sweden.
3) Over 200 employees in Portugal donated their tickets to David Copperfield's Magic Show to underprivileged children in their community, 40 children with cancer and other illnesses and 50 people with learning difficulties.
4) In Argentina a taskforce was set up to co-ordinate a Respiratory Health Conference where patients, doctors and nurses from a local hospital were informed about asthma, its symptoms, causes and treatments.
5) In Thailand the company made a special donation of 100,000 Baht to a scholarship fund for medical students at Mahidol University.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-isc-00-10.asp'The AstraZeneca 'Inspiring Science' Programme for Schools] is run in conjunction with the CREST Awards Scheme in the UK, comprises a programme of project work that is enjoyable, relevant to the secondary education curriculum (ages 11-18) and designed to encourage young people's interest in science. There is a competitive element to the programme, with regional competitions and a national final. Cash prizes are offered to the schools of the students who deliver the best projects.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-tra-00-4.asp 'Drivers for Change'] is the name for Alderley Park site's Green Commuting project which has been operating since 1997 and is aimed at reducing 'single occupancy vehicles' for staff travelling to work. Car sharing, improved private and public bus services and the provision of cyclist and jogger changing facilities have meant an 8% reduction in car use on site. This and a number of other projects associated with car travel by staff has won the Chief Executive's Award 2000 for Travel Safety.'

'During 2001, AstraZeneca was included in the FTSE4Good Index and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index following independent assessment of their approach to CSR.'

Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, p 23.

==PR, Lobbying and Business Intelligence agencies==

*[[Edelman]]

AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref> and German PR company [[FischerAppelt Kommunikation]]<ref> FischerAppelt Kommunikation [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.fischerappelt.de/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DfischerAppelt%2BKommunikation%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-GB:official%26hs%3Dgve%26sa%3DG Current & former clients] Accessed 14th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref> they are also listed as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

==People==
*[[Tom McKiIIop]], former CEO

==Patient Groups==
Agreements held between AstraZeneca and Patient Groups in 2007 for the UK<ref>AstraZeneca UK[http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/responsibility/patient-groups.asp Patient Group Support] Accessed 6th December 2007</ref>
* [[Asthma UK]]
* [[Breakthough Breast Cancer]]
* [[Breast Cancer Campaign]]
* [[Breast Cancer Care]]
* [[British Lung Foundation]] Wales.
* [[Cancer Campaigning Group]]
* [[Cancerbackup]]
* [[Cancer Black Care]]
* [[CLIC Sargent]]
* [[Global Lung Cancer Coalition]]
* [[Hafal]]
* [[Heart UK]]
* [[Maggies Cancer Caring Centres]]
* [[MDF The Bipolar Organisation]]
* [[PCASO Prostrate Cancer Network]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Research Centre]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Charter for Action]]
* [[South Leeds PCT]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Charity]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Research Foundation]]
* [[The Prostrate Research Campaign]]
* [[The Stroke Association]]
* [[Vale Royal Relatives Support Group]]
* [[Workspace]]
* [[MacMillan Cancer Support]]
* [[UK Lung Cancer Coalition]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]
[[Category:Transnational Corporations]]

AstraZeneca

2008-04-22T15:22:33Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:AstraZeneca.gif|thumb|right|300px|Astrazeneca's logo]]==Company Name:==

'''AstraZeneca Plc'''[http://www.astrazeneca.com/] is a [[Pharmaceutical Industry]] giant.

Market Capital £m: 2000: 2001: 56,334.9 FT UK 500 (2001)

Turnover £m: 2001: 12,325.0 FT UK 500 (2001)

==Affiliations==

*[[Sourcewatch: Public Affairs Council|Public Affairs Council]]
*[[Business in the Community]] [http://www.bitc.org.uk Website]
*[[International Life Sciences Institute]] [http://www.ilsi.org Website]
*[[Centre for European Reform]]
*[[Sourcewatch:Foundation for Public Affairs|Foundation for Public Affairs]] [http://www.pac.org/fpa website]
*[[Conference Board]]
*[[European Council on Corporate Communications]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/pdf_free/314000.pdf]
*[[Council of Chief Risk Officers]] (Conference Board) [http://www.conference-board.org/memberservices/councilsDetailUS.cfm?Council_ID=147]
*[[European Round Table of Industrialists]] [http://www.ert.be/]
*[[Science Media Centre]]
*[[Royal Institute of International Affairs]]
*[[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]

==CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) Ventures==

'AstraZeneca Science Teaching Trust which in 2001 sponsored the 'Little Book of Experiments' which was distributed to UK primary schools as part of the National year of Science. programme.

In 2001, AstraZeneca's overall community spend totalled $19 million.' (Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, page 23)

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-cal-00-8.asp'AZ UK's CALM Programme - AstraZeneca UK's CALM Programme] is designed to promote well-being by helping employees achieve the right balance between work and leisure. The Programme aims to help people recognise signs of stress, and to provide routes of confidential support.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-hea-01-1.asp'The Balanced Living Charter] launched in 2001, developed in response to the leadership team's concern about stress-related illness and is used as a basis for action to improve the management of pressure. Its creation was intended for AstraZeneca staff working at the UK R&D sites to obtain the appropriate balance between work and home life and is intended to be used as a basis for action to improve the management of stress.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-gl-ani-00-1.asp'Reaching Out: AstraZeneca Anniversary] - to mark their first anniversary in June 2000, AstraZeneca reached out into their local communities around the world. Examples include:
1) A trip to London Eye, hosted by the employees from Corporate Office in London for local schoolchildren who might otherwise not had the opportunity.
2) New science and maths books were donated to two local high schools for 1st year pupils by AstraZeneca R&D in Sodertajle, Sweden.
3) Over 200 employees in Portugal donated their tickets to David Copperfield's Magic Show to underprivileged children in their community, 40 children with cancer and other illnesses and 50 people with learning difficulties.
4) In Argentina a taskforce was set up to co-ordinate a Respiratory Health Conference where patients, doctors and nurses from a local hospital were informed about asthma, its symptoms, causes and treatments.
5) In Thailand the company made a special donation of 100,000 Baht to a scholarship fund for medical students at Mahidol University.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-isc-00-10.asp'The AstraZeneca 'Inspiring Science' Programme for Schools] is run in conjunction with the CREST Awards Scheme in the UK, comprises a programme of project work that is enjoyable, relevant to the secondary education curriculum (ages 11-18) and designed to encourage young people's interest in science. There is a competitive element to the programme, with regional competitions and a national final. Cash prizes are offered to the schools of the students who deliver the best projects.'

[http://www.astrazeneca.com/mainnav1/about/cr/s_projects/project_list/c_projects_list/project-uk-tra-00-4.asp 'Drivers for Change'] is the name for Alderley Park site's Green Commuting project which has been operating since 1997 and is aimed at reducing 'single occupancy vehicles' for staff travelling to work. Car sharing, improved private and public bus services and the provision of cyclist and jogger changing facilities have meant an 8% reduction in car use on site. This and a number of other projects associated with car travel by staff has won the Chief Executive's Award 2000 for Travel Safety.'

'During 2001, AstraZeneca was included in the FTSE4Good Index and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index following independent assessment of their approach to CSR.'

Source: AstraZeneca Annual Review 2001, p 23.

==PR, Lobbying and Business Intelligence agencies==

*[[Edelman]]

AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref> and German PR company [[FischerAppelt Kommunikation]]<ref> FischerAppelt Kommunikation [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.fischerappelt.de/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DfischerAppelt%2BKommunikation%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-GB:official%26hs%3Dgve%26sa%3DG Current & former clients] Accessed 14th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, AstraZeneca is listed as a client for [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref> they are also listed as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

==People==
*[[Tom McKiIIop]], former CEO

==Patient Groups==
Agreements held between AstraZeneca and Patient Groups in 2007 for the UK<ref>AstraZeneca UK[http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/responsibility/patient-groups.asp Patient Group Support] Accessed 6th December 2007</ref>
* [[Asthma UK]]
* [[Breakthough Breast Cancer]]
* [[Breast Cancer Campaign]]
* [[Breast Cancer Care]]
* [[British Lung Foundation]] Wales.
* [[Cancer Campaigning Group]]
* [[Cancerbackup]]
* [[Cancer Black Care]]
* [[CLIC Sargent]]
* [[Global Lung Cancer Coalition]]
* [[Hafal]]
* [[Heart UK]]
* [[Maggies Cancer Caring Centres]]
* [[MDF The Bipolar Organisation]]
* [[PCASO Prostrate Cancer Network]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Research Centre]]
* [[Prostrate Cancer Charter for Action]]
* [[South Leeds PCT]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Charity]]
* [[The Prostrate Cancer Research Foundation]]
* [[The Prostrate Research Campaign]]
* [[The Stroke Association]]
* [[Vale Royal Relatives Support Group]]
* [[Workspace]]
* [[MacMillan Cancer Support]]
* [[UK Lung Cancer Coalition]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]
[[Category:Transnational Corporations]]

File:AstraZeneca.gif

2008-04-22T15:21:48Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Merck and Co. Inc.

2008-04-22T15:20:46Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Merck-Logo_svg.png|thumb|right|300px|Merck's logo]]'''Merck & Co., Inc.''' describes itself as "a global research-driven pharmaceutical company dedicated to putting patients first." [http://www.merck.com/about/] "Putting patients first" has so far "led to more than 27,000 heart attacks and sudden cardiac deaths" [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6192603/] through their arthritis treatment Vioxx between its approval in 1999 and its withdrawal from the market in 2004.

== The company ==

Merck & Co., Inc. should not be confused with [[Merck KGaA]]. While [[Merck KGaA]] is allegedly the World's oldest pharmaceutical and chemical company and based in Germany, the U.S. company Merck & Co. became independent after the First World War. [http://pb.merck.de/servlet/PB/menu/1014710/index.html]

Merck & Co is the former U.S. subsidiary of the [[Merck Group]] (under the umbrella of [[Merck KGaA]]) and became independent in 1917.<ref> Merck Pharmaceuticals UK [http://www.merck-pharmaceuticals.co.uk/ Welcome to Merck] Accessed 13th December 2007</ref>

The UK subsidiary of Merck & Co is called [[Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited]] (MSD) which has two sites in the UK. Its headquarters and pharmaceutical research and development laboratories are located in Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire and its manufacturing is located at Cramlington in Northumberland. <ref>MSD UK [http://www.msd-uk.co.uk/ home page] Accessed 13th December 2007</ref>

[[Sanofi Pasteur MSD]] is a 50/50 joint venture between Merck and [[Sanofi Aventis]].<ref>Sanofi Pasteur MSD [http://www.spmsd.co.uk/cat.asp?catid=394 Annual Report and Accounts 2006]</ref>

== Corporate social responsibility at Merck ==

From the Merck website:
"At Merck, our business is discovering, developing and delivering novel medicines and vaccines that can make a difference in people's lives. But our mission also entails something more. As a Company, we seek to maintain high ethical standards and a culture that values honesty, integrity and transparency in all that we do. Company decisions are driven by what is right for patients. And we are committed to our employees, to the environment in which we live and to the communities we serve worldwide." [http://www.merck.com/cr/]

This statement has to be seen in contrast with Merck's Vioxx scandal and their range of products, especially the absence of any Malaria treatment.
"Malaria kills an estimated 2.5 million people a year, the majority of these African children aged below five years old. While western pharmaceutical companies have invested approximately £ 11bn over the past decade in "lifestyle drugs" for impotence, weight loss, baldness, smoking and ageing, the product development budget for the Tropical Disease Research (TDR) programme, a joint
effort from the [[World Health Organisation]] (WHO), [[World Bank]], and [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP), averages £ 6m per year. [..] It would be impossible for the drugs companies to make a profit in African and Asian countries where the average wage can be as little as £ 1 per day and, in Africa, economic growth is slowing by 1.3% per year as a direct result of malaria alone." (''The Herald'' (Glasgow), August 20, 2004)

== Products ==

Merck provides different lists of products for patients and healthcare professionals. That for professionals includes medicines and a vaccine that are partly not approved yet.

Patients get information on:
* '''Rotateq''', a rotavirus vaccine for children [http://www.rotateq.com/]
* '''Crixivan''', an antiretroviral agent for HIV patients, recommended to be taken in combination with other antiretroviral agents [http://www.crixivan.com/indinavir_sulfate/crixivan/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Emend''', a medication to suppress nausea and vomiting as side effects of chemotherapy [http://www.emend.com/aprepitant/emend/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Fosamax''', an Osteoporosis medication [http://www.fosamax.com/alendronate_sodium/fosamax/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Fosamax Plus D''', with added vitamin D [http://www.fosamax.com/alendronate_sodium/fosamax/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Maxalt''', a painkiller for migraine patients [http://www.maxalt.com/rizatriptan_benzoate/maxalt/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Propecia''', treatment for male hair loss [http://www.propecia.com/finasteride/propecia/consumer/index.jsp?mtc=40NOSURVEY]
* '''Proscar''', a medication for prostate treatment [http://www.proscar.com/proscar_finasteride/proscar/consumer/index.jsp]
* '''Singulair''', an asthma and allergy treatment [http://www.singulair.com/montelukast_sodium/singulair/consumer/index2.jsp]
* '''Vioxx''', a painkiller for arthritis patients. The link [http://www.vioxx.com/rofecoxib/vioxx/consumer/index.jsp] provided by Merck only shows Merck's hideous attempt to justify the Vioxx scandal (see below)
* '''Zocor''', a cholesterol medication [http://www.zocor.com/simvastatin/zocor/consumer/index.jsp]

== The Vioxx scandal ==

From the Guardian, March 16, 2006:
"Thousands of patients are now suing manufacturers Merck after the company was forced to withdraw the painkiller, widely used by arthritis sufferers, in 2004. Data from its trials had emerged showing that it increased the risks of heart attack. David Graham of the Food and Drug Administration, the US drug regulator, said it could have caused up to 140,000 cases of heart disease in the US since it was licensed in 1999."

Merck keeps claiming they '''voluntarily''' withdrew Vioxx from the market. [http://www.vioxx.com/rofecoxib/vioxx/consumer/index.jsp]

"Insider emails published by the Wall Street Journal reveal that Merck, the maker of Vioxx, was fully aware of the health risks of its COX-2 inhibitor anti-inflammatory drug as early as March, 2000. As is apparent from the published emails, there was a concerted effort to bury the negative evidence and even distort the drug trials by excluding heart patients from the Vioxx studies so that, "...the rate of cardiovascular problems for Vioxx patients would not be evident." " [http://www.newstarget.com/002155.html]

== Management committee ==

* [[Richard T. Clark]], CEO and president
* [[David W. Anstice]], president, Human Health-Asia Pacific
* [[Willie A. Deese]], president, Merck Manufacturing Division
* [[Kenneth C. Frazier]], senior vice president and general counsel
* [[Peter S. Kim]], Ph.D., president, Merck Research Laboratories (MRL)
* [[Judy C. Lewent]], executive vice president and chief financial officer
* [[Adel A.F. Mahmoud]], M.D., Ph.D., chief medical advisor, Vaccines and Infectious Diseases
* [[Margaret G. McGlynn]], president, Merck Vaccine Division (MVD)
* [[J. Chris Scalet]], senior vice president, Global Process and Services, and Chief Information Officer
* [[Bradley T. Sheares]], Ph.D., president, U.S. Human Health
* [[Per Wold-Olsen]], president, Human Health - Intercontinental
[http://www.merck.com/about/management_committee/home.html]

==Public Relations, Lobbying and Business Intelligence Firms==
Merck appears as a client with [[Rabin Strategic Partners]]<ref>Rabin Strategic Partners [http://www.rabinpartners.com/ Our Clients] Accessed 2nd January 2008</ref> (A full-service consultany, public relations and communications agency) alongside [[Johnson & Johnson]]. However the nature of the link between the two companies is not divulged.

Merck & Co is listed as a client of business intelligence firm [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref> and The [[Gorlin Group]]<ref>The Gorlin Group [http://www.gorlingroup.com/ Clients] Accessed 20th March 2008</ref>

E Merck and Merck Sharp and Dohme are listed as clients of [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref>

Merck Farma y Química is listed as a client of [[Inforpress]]<ref> Public Relations Organisation International [http://www.proi.com/partners/profiles/inforpress.htm Inforpress] accessed 13th February 2008</ref>

Merck Selbstmedikation (Merck self-medication) is listed as a client of [[FischerAppelt Kommunikation]]<ref> FischerAppelt Kommunikation [http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.fischerappelt.de/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3DfischerAppelt%2BKommunikation%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26channel%3Ds%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-GB:official%26hs%3Dgve%26sa%3DG Current & former clients] Accessed 14th February 2008</ref>

Merck & Co is also listed as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> and the [[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]<ref>International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations [http://www.ifpma.org/About_Us/about_mem_europe.aspx Members] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref> in 2008.

Merck Sharp and Dohme is reported to be a principle funder and Business Forum member for the [[Social Market Foundation]] in 2005/06<ref>Social Market Foundation [http://www.smf.co.uk/assets/files/annual_reports/Annual%20Report%202005%2006.pdf Annual Report 2005/06] Accessed 6th March 2008</ref>

==Patient Groups==
Merck Ltd is reported to support the following patient groups<ref> Merck [http://www.merck-pharmaceuticals.co.uk/ Patient Groups] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref>...

* [[Cancer BACUP]]
* [[HEAL]]
* [[Cancer Care Cymru]]
* [[Ulster Cancer Foundation]]
* [[Bowel Cancer UK]] (formerly [[Colon Cancer Concern]])
* [[Beating Bowel Cancer]]
* [[Mouth Cancer Foundation]]
* [[Let's Face It]]
* [[Get Ahead]]

== External links ==

* http://www.merck.com
* http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6192603/
*http://pb.merck.de/servlet/PB/menu/1014710/index.html
* Beth Pearson, "Malaria: why make a killing?;It kills 2.5 million people every year, yet no one was interested in finding a cure. There just wasn't enough profit in it. Now scientists in Dundee are leading a pharmaceutical revolution", ''The Herald'' (Glasgow), August 20, 2004.
* http://www.rotateq.com/
* http://www.crixivan.com/
* http://www.emend.com/
* http://www.fosamax.com/
* http://www.maxalt.com/
* http://www.propecia.com/
* http://www.proscar.com/
* http://www.singulair.com/
* http://www.vioxx.com/
* http://www.zocor.com/
* Sarah Boseley, "G2: From test-tube to medicine cabinet: How a new drug makes it on to the market", ''The Guardian'', March 16, 2006
* http://www.newstarget.com/002155.html

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]
[[Category: Pharmaceutical Industry]]

2008-04-22T14:52:49Z

Lindsay Siebelt: /* Subsidiaries */

==Board of Directors==
The Board of Directors for Johnson & Johnson in 2007<ref>Johnson & Johnson [http://www.investor.jnj.com/governance/bio.cfm Investor Relations - Board of Directors] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> are listed as...

* [[Mary Sue Coleman]] - Audit Committee and the Science & Technology Advisory Committee (elected in 2003). Coleman is a director of the [[Meredith Corporation]], a Trustee of the [[John S and James L Knight Foundation]] and the [[Gerald R Ford Foundation]]. She is also President of the [[University of Michigan]] (since 2002), professor of biological chemistry in the University of Michigan Medical School and a professor of chemistry in the University of Michigan College of Literature, Science and the Arts. She is a Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]]. Previous involvements include serving as President of the [[University of Iowa]] (1995 to 2002), Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs at the [[University of New Mexico]], Vice Chancellor for Graduate Studies & Research and Associate Provost and Dean of Research at the [[University of North Carolina]] at Chapel Hill, and a member of the biochemistry faculty and an administrator at the Cancer Center of the [[University of Kentucky]] in Lexington. Coleman was elected to the [[National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine]] in 1997. Businessweek<ref> Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=588949&privcapId=3758920&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. University of Michigan] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Coleman also serves as Director for [[Gaylord Container Corp.]] (since 1996), [[Detroit Renaissance]] and [[Ann Arbor SPARK]]

* [[James G Cullen]] - Presiding Director of the Board, Chairman of the Audit Committee and a member of the Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee (elected in 1995). Coleman is a Director of [[Neustar Inc.]], [[Prudential Life Insurance Company]] and is a Director and non-executive Chairman of [[Agilent Technologies Inc.]]. Cullen's previous invovlement includes serving as President, Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer of [[Bell Atlantic Corporation]] (now known as Verizon) and President and Chief Executive Officer of [[Bell Atlantic-New Jersey Inc.]]. Businessweek<ref> Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=598067&capId=154924&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref>. adds that Cullen also served as a Director of [[Quantum Bridge Communications Inc.]] and [[First Fidelity Bancorporation]].

* [[Michael M E Johns]] - member of the Compensation & Benefits Committee and the Science & Technology Advisory Committee (elected in 2005). Johns also serves as Chancellor of [[Emory University]] (since 2007), Immediate Past Chair of the [[Council of Teaching Hospitals]], a fellow of the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] and a member of the [[Institute of Medicine]]. He is a member of the editorial board of the [[Journal of the American Medical Association]] (JAMA) and chairs the Publication Committee of the journal [[Academic Medicine]]. Dr. Johns is a Director of [[Genuine Parts Company]]. Previous involvements include Executive Vice President for Health Affairs and Chief Executive Officer of the Robert W. Woodruff Health Sciences Center, Emory University; Chairman of Emory Healthcare, Emory University; and the Chairman of the Board of Emory Healthcare. Johns also served as Dean of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and Vice President of the Medical Faculty at Johns Hopkins University (1990-1996). Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=589065&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Johns serves as Chairman of the Board of EHCA, LLC, a company overseen jointly by Emory Healthcare and HCA Corporation ([[Hopsitals Corporation of America]]?) and served as a Director of Health Management of [[I-trax Inc.]] (2000 to 2001).

* [[Arnold G Langbo]] - member of the Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee and Chairman of the Compensation & Benefits Committee (elected in 1991). Langbo is a Director of The [[Hershey Company]], [[Weyerhaeuser Company]] and [[Whirlpool Corporation]]. Previous involvements include serving as Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Operating Officer and CEO for [[Kellogg Company]] (involvement commenced in 1956). Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=283360&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that he serves as a Director of [[Albion College and International Youth Foundation]] and as Member of the International Advisory Council of [[CGI Group Inc]].

* [[Susan L Lindquist]] - Science & Technology Advisory Committee and the Public Policy Advisory Committee (elected in 2004). She is a Trustee of [[Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories]] and a Founder of [[FoldRx Pharmaceuticals Inc.]]. Lindquist is affiliated with the [[Whitehead Institute]] (since 2001) and is a Member of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (since 2006). Previous involvements include over 20 years service with the [[University of Chicago]], serving as an Investigator in the [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute]]. She was elected to the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] (in 1996), the [[National Academy of Sciences]] (in 1997), the [[American Philosophical Society]] (in 2003) and the [[Institute of Medicine]] (in 2006). Lindquist received the Dickson Prize in Medicine (2002) and the Novartis Drew Award in Biomedical Research (2000) and in 2002 was named by Discover Magazine as one of the 50 most important women in science. Businessweek<ref> Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=5981853&privcapId=4271382&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Lindquist serves as professor of Biology at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].

* [[Leo F Mullin]] - member of the Audit Committee and the Chairman of the Public Policy Advisory Committee (elected in 1999). Mullin serves as a Senior Advisor to [[Goldman Sachs Capital Partners]], is a Director of [[ACE Limited]] and the [[Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation]], and is a member of both The Business Council and the Advisory Board of the [[Carter Center]]. Previous involvements include serving as Chief Executive Officer (1997-2004) and Chairman (1999-2004) of [[Delta Air Lines Inc.]] and serving as Vice Chairman of [[Unicom Corporation]] and its principal subsidiary, [[Commonwealth Edison Company]], (1995-1997). Mullin was also an executive of [[First Chicago Corporation]] from 1981 to 1995 (company President and Chief Operating Officer 1993-1995) and was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of [[American National Bank]] (a subsidiary of [[First Chicago Corporation]]) from 1991 to 1993. Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=266313&privcapId=176270&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Mullin also served as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of [[Consolidated Rail Corp.]] and [[McKinsey and Company]] (Since 2004), Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the [[Field Museum of Natural History]], Vice Chairman of the [[Chicago Urban League]] and is Chairman of the [[International Air Transport Association]]. Mullin has been a Director of [[Cooper-standard Holdings Inc.]] (since 2005) and of [[BellSouth Corp.]], (since 1998). He has been Director of [[AT&T]] Southeast (since 1998), HBI ([[Hanesbrand Inc.]]?) since 2007 and [[Alltel Corporation]] since 2007. Mullin serves as Director of [[Education Management Finance Corp.]], [[Euramax Holdings]] and [[Hawker Beechcraft Acquisition Company]]. He serves as a Director of The [[Children's Memorial Hospital]], is a Trustee of [[Northwestern University]] and is a Member of The [[Business Council]] and The [[Business Roundtable]].

* [[William D Perez]] - member of the Compensation & Benefits Committee and the Public Policy Advisory Committee (elected in 2007). Perez is President and CEO of the [[Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company]] (since 2006), is a Director of [[Hallmark Cards Inc.]], the [[Grocery Manufacturers Association]] and [[Cornell University Council]]. He was previously President and CEO of [[Nike Inc]], served with [[SC Johnson and Son Inc.]] for 34 years (serving 8 years as President and CEO). Businessweek<ref> Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=220213&privcapId=315260&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profiles] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Perez served as a Director of [[May Department Stores Co.]] (1998 to 2004) and the [[Kellogg Company]] (2000 to 2006).

* [[Charles Prince]] - Compensation & Benefits Committee and the Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee (elected in 2006). Prince is Chief Executive Officer (since 2003) & Chairman (since 2006) of [[Citigroup Inc.]] He is a member of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], The [[Business Council]] and The [[Business Roundtable]]. Prince is also on the Board of Trustees of The [[Julliard School]] and The [[Weill Cornell Medical College]]. Prince's previous involvements include serving as Chairman, CEO & Chief Operating Officer with Citigroup's Global Corporate & Investment Bank (2000-2003). Prince began his career as an attorney at [[U.S. Steel Corporation]] (in 1975) and in 1979 joined [[Commercial Credit Company]] (a predecessor company to Citigroup) where he became Executive Vice President in 1995. Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=391733&capId=391687&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 28th December 2007</ref> adds that Prince serves as Co-Chairman and Director of The [[Partnership for New York City Inc]], Director of the [[National Academy Foundation]], a member of the Board of Directors of the [[New York Urban League]], the [[United Negro College Fund]] and Teachers College, [[Columbia University]]. He is also a member of the advisory council with the [[Business Round Table Institute for Corporate Ethics]].

* [[Christine A Poon]] - elected to the Board of Directors in 2005. Poon has worked with Johnson & Johnson since 2000, first as Company Group Chairman in the Pharmaceuticals Group, then as a Member of the Executive Committee and Worldwide Chairman for J&J Pharmaceuticals Group in 2001. In 2003 she was named Worldwide Chairman (Medicines & Nutritionals) and was appointed Vice Chairman in 2005. Poon is also a Director at [[Fox Chase Cancer Center]] and [[Prudential Life Insurance Company]]. Previous involvements include 15 years service in management positions with [[Bristol-Myers Squibb Company]]. Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=171537&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Poon serves as Member of the Board of Directors of [[US-China Business Council]] and is a Member of the Advisory Board of the [[Healthcare Businesswomen's Association]].

* [[Steven S Reinemund]] - Chairman of the Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee and member of the Audit Committee (elected in 2003). Reinemund is a Director of [[American Express Company]], [[Exxon Mobil Corporation]] and [[Marriott International Inc.]]. He also serves as Chair of the [[National Minority Supplier Development Council]] and as a Trustee of the [[United States Naval Academy Foundation]]. Previous involvements include serving as Executive Chairman (2006-2007), CEO (2001-2006), Director (elected in 1996) and President & Chief Operating Officer (1999-2001) with [[PepsiCo]]. Reinemund began his career with PepsiCo in 1984 at [[Pizza Hut Inc.]] and held various management positions until 1992 when he became President and Chief Executive Officer of [[Frito-Lay Inc.]] (a PepsiCo brand), and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the [[Frito-Lay Company]] in 1996. Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=185597&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Reinemund was involved with The [[Salvation Army]] on the National Advisory Board (1990-1999) & as Chairman (1996-1999). In 1998, he was awarded an Excellence in Board Leadership Award from The [[National Assembly of National Voluntary Health and Social Welfare Organizations]].

* [[David Satcher]] - Chairman of the Science & Technology Advisory Committee and a member of the Public Policy Advisory Committee (elected in 2002). Satcher is a Director of [[MetLife Inc.]] and is Co-Chair of the Advisory Committee on Public Issues of the [[Ad Council]]. He serves on the Boards of [[Action for Healthy Kids]], [[American Foundation for Suicide Prevention]], [[Kaiser Family Foundation]] and [[Task Force on Child Survival]]. He is a fellow of the [[American Academy of Family Physicians]], the [[American College of Preventive Medicine]] and the [[American College of Physicians]]. Satchers previous involvements include serving as President & Director at the [[Morehouse School of Medicine]]. He also served as the U.S. Assistant Secretary for Health (1998-2001), Director of the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]], Administrator of the [[Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry]] (1993-1998) and as President of [[Meharry Medical College]] in Tennessee (1982-1993). In 2002, Satcher completed his four-year term as the [[Surgeon General of the United States]]. He has received awards, including the [[Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter Award for Humanitarian Contributions to the Health of Humankind]], the [[New York Academy of Medicine Lifetime Achievement Award]] and the [[National Association of Mental Illness Distinguished Service Award]]. Businessweek<ref>Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=1983622&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Satcher also serves as a Commissioner on social determinants of health with the [[World Health Organization]] (since 2005), is a Director for [[Metropolitan Life Insurance Company]] (since 2007) and as Director of [[STARBRIGHT Foundation]].

* [[William C Weldon]] - Vice Chairman (elected in 2001). Weldon has worked with Johnson & Johnson since 1971 (in sales, marketing and international managements positions). He became President of J&J subsidiary Ethicon Endo-Surgery (in 1992) and Company Group Chairman (in 1995). Weldon was appointed to the Executive Committee and named Worldwide Chairman of J&J Pharmaceuticals Group in 1998. He also werves as a Director of [[J P Morgan Chase & Co.]], is the Vice Chairman of The [[Business Council]] and a member of the [[Sullivan Alliance to Transform America's Health Profession]]. Weldon is also a Trustee of [[Quinnipiac University]], serves on the [[Liberty Science Center]] Chairman's Advisory Council and is Chairman of the CEO [[Roundtable on Cancer]]. Businessweek<ref> Businessweek [http://investing.businessweek.com/businessweek/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=179805&capId=139677&previousCapId=154924&previousTitle=Agilent%20Technologies%20Inc. Executive Profile] Accessed 27th December 2007</ref> adds that Weldon's involvement with Johnson & Johnson has also included serving as CEO with subsidiaries [[DePuy Spine Inc.]] and [[Splenda Inc.]] Weldon also served as a Member of the Board of Directors, Executive Committee member and Chairman of the [[Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]] and is a member of the [[Sullivan Commission on Diversity in the Healthcare Workforce]].

==Subsidiaries==
In 2007, Johnson & Johnson operate a vast number of subsidiaries,including the following based in the UK:
DePuy UK Holdings Ltd.,
DePuy International Ltd.,
DePuy International (Holdings) Ltd.,
High Wycombe Property Management Ltd.
Janssen-Cilag Ltd.,
Johnson & Johnson Medical Ltd.,
Johnson & Johnson Swiss Finance Company Ltd.,
Lifescan Scotland Ltd.,
McNeil Healthcare (UK) and
Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics

The full list of subsidiaries are listed on their [http://www.jnj.com/our_company/family/index.htm website]. Further information on their subsidiaries can be found on their webpage [http://www.jnj.com/our_company/company_websites/index.htm Company Web Sites]

==Political Action Committee==
Johnson & Johnson Political Action Committee (JJPAC) acts as a medium in which employees 'voluntarily' donate political contributions to political candidates. Johnson & Johnson website<ref> Johnson & Johnson [http://www.investor.jnj.com/governance/contributions.cfm Political Contributions] Accessed 31st December 2007</ref> describe the JJPAC as a way of offering 'eligible employees a direct means to voluntarily participate in shaping sound public policy and voicing views on issues related to our businesses'. Johnson & Johnson state that 'we believe that it is important to encourage the development of sound public policy'. What do they mean by 'sound public policy'? The website goes on to state that they seek to support candidates who not only recognise the importance of medical innovations but who are also keen advocates of the free market.

In 2006, the Federal Election Commission<ref> Federal Election Commission [http://search.fec.gov/search?x=0&y=0&q=johnson+%26+johnson&ie=&site=fecgov_collection&output=xml_no_dtd&client=fecgov_collection&lr=&proxystylesheet=fecgov_collection&oe= Top 50 Corp Contributions 2006] Accessed 31st December 2007</ref> list Johnson & Johnson as amongst the top 50 Corporate Contributers (number 47) having contributed a total of $542,000 during 2005/06.

==Public Relations and Business Intelligence==
Johnson & Johnson is a client of [[Rabin Strategic Partners]]<ref>Rabin Strategic Partners [http://www.rabinpartners.com/ Our Clients] Accessed 2nd January 2008</ref> (a full-service consulting, public relations and communications firm).

Johnson & Johnson is listed as a client for [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, Johnson & Johnson are listed as a client of [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref>, the [[MWW Group]]<ref>MWW Group [http://www.mww.com/index.php?p=clients&s=1 Clients] Accessed 18th March 2008</ref>, The [[Gorlin Group]]<ref>The Gorlin Group [http://www.gorlingroup.com/ Clients] Accessed 20th March 2008</ref> and as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

==External Links==
* Johnson & Johnson [http://www.jnj.com/our_company/family/index.htm Family of Companies] Accessed 24th December 2007.
* JOhnson & Johnson [http://www.jnj.com/our_company/company_websites/index.htm Company Web Sites] Accessed 24th December 2007.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]
[[Category:Health]]

Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma

2008-04-22T14:47:57Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Mit_tan_logo.jpg|thumb|right|Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma's logo]]On 1 October 2007 Mitsubishi Pharma merged with Tanabe Seiyaku Co.,Ltd to form Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. <ref>http://www.mitsubishi-pharma.eu.com/corpinfo.php (Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Information)</ref>

The President and Representative Director of Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma is Natsuki Hayama. The Representative Director and Executive Vice President is Takeshi Komine.

Tanabe Seiyaku Hanbai Co.,Ltd. is a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Tanabe Corp.<ref>http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/e/release/nr/2008/pdf/e080304_ge.pdf (Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. 2008: Announcement of subsidiary company)</ref>

==References==

<references/>

File:Mit tan logo.jpg

2008-04-22T14:46:53Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Schering-Plough

2008-04-22T14:45:28Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Schering_plough.gif|thumb|right|Schering-Plough's logo]]
==Background==
Schering-Plough was created in 1971 through the merger of the Schering Corporation (a pharmaceutical and chemical company) and Plough Inc (a global research-based pharmaceutical firm)<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/history_sp.jsp History of Schering-Plough] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>. Schering-Plough currently operates global business facilities in more than 50 countries across six continents<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/sp_worldwide.jsp Schering-Plough Worlwide] accessed 26th February 2008</ref>.

[[Image:Organon_schering_plough.gif|thumb|left|Organon Schering-Plough's logo]]
In March 2007, Schering Plough announced its intention to purchase [[Organon BioSciences]] NV (OBS). Organon was acquired by Schering-Plough on 19 November 2007.<ref>http://www.organon.com/authfiles/index.asp (Organon acquisition details)</ref> Schering-Plough report that 'OBS is comprised mainly of Organon, the human pharmaceutical business, and [[Intervet]], the animal health business. It also includes [[Nobilon]], the human vaccine development unit, and [[Diosynth]], the third-party manufacturing unit of Organon'<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/history_sp.jsp History of Schering-Plough] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>.

Schering-Plough had global sales of $7.56B and a research and development spend of $1,865M in 2005.<ref>Gray, N. (2006) Changing Landscapes: A special Report on the World’s Top 50 Pharma Companies, Pharmaceutical Executive. Available online at: pharmexec.findpharma.com/pharmexec/2005-Pharm-Exec-50-revised/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/354138</ref>

==People==
In February 2008, Schering-Plough report the following as their management team<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/management_team.jsp Management Team] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

* [[Fred Hassan]] - Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. Hassan's biography<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/hassan_bio.jsp Fred Hassan] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2003 and is currently also president of the [[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations]]. His previous involvements include serving as chairman and chief executive officer of [[Pharmacia Corporation]](1997-2003), executive vice president of [[Wyeth]] and held a senior position with [[Sandoz Pharmaceuticals]] (now [[Novartis]]) as head of its U.S. pharmaceuticals business. Hassan has also served as chairman of the Board of Directors of the [[Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]] (PhRMA) and as chairman of the [[HealthCare Institute of New Jersey]].

* [[Robert J Bertolini]] - Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Bertolini's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/bertolini_bio.jsp Robert J Bertolini] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2003 and previous involvements include serving [[PricewaterhouseCoopers]] and [[Coopers & Lybrand]].

* [[Richard S Bowles]] III - Senior Vice President, Global Quality Operations. Bowles's biography<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/bowles_bio.jsp Richard S Bowles] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2001 and previously served [[Merck]] from 1974 to 2000.

* [[C Ron Cheeley]] - Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources. Cheeley's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/cheeley_bio.jsp C Ron Cheeley] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2003. Cheeley is also a member of the [[Schering-Plough Foundation]] Board of Trustees, a member of the [[American Benefits Council]], the [[National Academy of Chief Human Resources Officers]] and serves on the board of directors of the [[Susan G Komen Breast Cancer Foundation]]. His previous involvements include serving as group vice president with the [[Pharmacia Corporation]], as a Director for the [[Coca Cola]] Company and as chairman of the board of directors and a member of the executive committee of [[WorldatWork]] (1999-2000). Cheeley has also served as chairman of the [[Conference Board]] Research Council on Employee Benefits and on the [[Conference Board]] Executive Compensation Council.

* [[Carrie S Cox]] - Executive Vice President and President, Global Pharmaceuticals. Cox's biography<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/cox_bio.jsp Carrie S Cox] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that she joined Schering-Plough in 2003. She is a member of the [[Harvard School of Public Health]]'s Health Policy and Management Executive Council, a member of the Board of Directors of [[Texas Instruments]] and is a member of the Board of Overseers of the [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology]]. Cox was previously served as Executive Vice President and President of the Global Prescription Business at [[Pharmacia Corporation]] (prior to its merger with Pfizer), as Vice President of Women's Health Care at [[Wyeth]] and held a variety of positions in market research, sales and product management during a 10-year career with [[Sandoz Pharmaceuticals]] (now known as [[Novartis]]). Cox is reported to have been listed as one of the "50 Most Powerful Women in Business" on four separate occasions by [[Fortune]] magazine and named as "Healthcare Businesswoman of the Year" by the [[Healthcare Businesswomen's Association]]

* [[Thomas P Koestler]] - Executive Vice President and President, Schering-Plough Research Institute. Koesteler's biography <ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/koestler_bio.jsp Thomas P Koestler] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> states that he joined Schering-Plough in 2003. He is reported to be a member of numerous professional associations, involved in community affairs and been published extensively in medical journals (details not disclosed). He also serves as vice chairman and an officer of the [[Children’s Specialized Hospital Foundation]] in Mountainside New Jersey. His previous involvements include serving as senior vice president and head of global regulatory affairs for [[Pharmacia Corporation]], as senior vice president for [[Novartis]], as a senior director with [[Ortho McNeil]] and as a director of regulatory affairs at [[Bristol-Myers Squibb]].

* [[Raul E Kohan]] - Senior Vice President, Corporate Excellence and Deputy Head, Global Animal Health. Kohan's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/kohan_bio.jsp Raul E Kohan] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 1984 and held a variety of senior positions before taking on his current role in 2007. Prior to joining Schering-Plough, Kohan served with [[Pfizer]] Inc.

* [[Ian McInnes]] - Senior Vice President, Global Supply Chain. McInnes's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/mcinnes_bio.jsp Ian McInnes] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2004. His previous involvements include serving as a Executive Vice President with [[Watson Pharmaceuticals Inc.]], as a Senior Vice President with [[Pharmacia Corporation]], and a variety of positions with [[GlaxoSmithKline]], [[Baxter Healthcare]] and [[AstraZeneca]].

* [[Lori Queisser]] - Senior Vice President, Global Compliance and Business Practices. Queisser's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/queisser_bio.jsp Lori Queisser] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that she joined Schering-Plough in 2007. Her previous involvements include a variety of positions with [[Eli Lilly and Company]] and as an auditor with [[Ernst & Young]].

* [[Thomas Sabatino]] Jr. - Executive Vice President & General Counsel. Sabatino's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/sabatino_bio.jsp Thomas Sabatino] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2004 and is also a member of the Bar in California, Illinois and Massachusetts. His previous involvements include serving [[Baxter International Inc.]], [[Secure Medical Inc.]] and [[Tenet Healthcare Corporation]].

* [[Brent Saunders]] - Senior Vice President and President, Consumer Health Care. Saunder's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/saunders_bio.jsp Brent Saunders] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> states that he joined Schering-Plough in 2003. He is reported to be 'a noted speaker on compliance and risk management issues in the health care industry' with 'extensive experience negotiating and implementing corporate integrity agreements with state and federal agencies'. Saunders was previously President and co-founder of the [[Health Care Compliance Association]] (which named him 1997 Compliance Officer of the Year). He also served as Chief Compliance Officer for [[Coventry Health Care]] (a nationwide managed care organization) and for [[Thomas Jefferson University and Health System]].

* [[Ruurd Stolp]] - Senior Vice President and President, Global Animal Health. Stolp's biography<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/stolp_bio.jsp Ruurd Stolp] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> reports that he joined Schering-Plough in 2007. Prior to this he served in a variety of roles with [[Intervet International]] (which included serving as President).

==Partnerships and Affiliations==
Schering-Plough report involvement with [[Merck]] through the 'Merck/Schering-Plough Joint Venture' in marketing VYTORIN/ZETIA products with $3.9 billion of sales reported in 2006<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/sp_worldwide.jsp Basic Facts and Figures] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, Schering-Plough are listed as a member of the [[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]<ref>International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations [http://www.ifpma.org/About_Us/about_mem_europe.aspx Members] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>

==The Schering-Plough Foundation==
The Schering-Plough Foundation is a grant giving body which targets three major areas: health, education and community initiatives (including social/civic welfare and areas of public policy)<ref> Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/schering_plough/about/sp_foundation.jsp Schering-Plough Foundation] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>.

==Public Relations and Lobbying==
In 2007, Schering-Plough is listed as a client of [[Brand(X)]] advertising agency. In their 'Consultancy Profile' on PMLive, Brand(X) descibe themselves as excelling in medical education and media and public relations, which includes 'Market shaping and educational programmes', 'Lobbying', 'Patient group liaison', 'Patient education' and 'Issues preparedness'<ref>PMLive [http://www.pmlive.com/communique/consult_profiles/listing.cfm?showCompanyProfile=1&CompanyProfileID=340 Consultancy Profiles] Accessed 26th february 2008</ref>.

In 2008, Schering-Plough is listed as a past or current client of The [[Gorlin Group]]<ref>The Gorlin Group [http://www.gorlingroup.com/ Clients] Accessed 20th March 2008</ref>

==Political Contributions==
The Schering Plough Better Government Fund is the medium through which political contributions are made to government candidates. In 2007, it is reported that contributions were also given to the [[Defend America]] PAC - $5,000, the [[Biotechnology Industry Organization]] PAC (BIO PAC) - $5,000, the [[Consumer Healthcare Products Association]] PAC (CHPA/PAC) - $2500 and the [[Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]] (PhRMA) Better Government Committee - $5,000<ref>Schering-Plough [http://www.schering-plough.com/pdf/2007_Year_End_Contributions_Report.pdf 2007 year end contributions report] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref>.

==Contact==
Global Headquarters

Schering-Plough Corporation World Headquarters,
2000 Galloping Hill Road,
Kenilworth, N.J. 07033-0530
Telephone: (908) 298-4000

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Health]]
[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]

File:Organon schering plough.gif

2008-04-22T14:43:18Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

2008-04-22T14:18:37Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Boehringer-Ingelheim

2008-04-22T14:17:07Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Boeringher-Ingelheim.gif|thumb|right|Boehringer-Ingelheim's logo]]==Lobbying and PR firms==
*[[Chambre Public Affairs]]

==Notes==

<references/>

File:Boeringher-Ingelheim.gif

2008-04-22T14:14:54Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Pfizer

2008-04-22T14:10:06Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

[[Image:Pfizer logo.gif|thumb|right|300px|Pfizer's Logo]]'''Pfizer''' is one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies. Based in the United States, it manufactures some of the most widely used prescription drugs in the world including Viagra.

==Background and objectives==

Pfizer was founded in 1849, it is in terms of revenue the largest Pharmaceutical company in the world, in 2004 it's revenues were over $50 billion. From the Pfizer website -

"Our basic role is to discover and develop medicines, help make medicines available, advance and share health information, and partner on public health programs." <ref> Pfizer [http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/main.jsp#item1 Home Page] Accessed 13th December 2007</ref>

==Overview==

===Market share/importance===
Quoting from The Guardian in 2001, Corporate Watch report that:
:‘There were times not long ago that drug companies were merely the size of nations. Now, after a frenzied two-year period of pharmaceutical mega-mergers, they are behemoths, which outweigh entire continents. The combined worth of the world’s top five drug companies is twice the combined GNP of all sub-Saharan Africa and their influence on the rules of world trade is many times stronger because they can bring their wealth to bear directly on the levers of western power.’<ref> Corporate Watch [http://www.corporatewatch.org/?lid=327 Pfizer Inc Overview] Accessed 13th December 2007</ref>

Quoting from ‘Pfizer..not just bigger, but better’, a message by Pfizer CEO Henry A. McKinnell, Corporate Watch continues:
:Pfizer is the largest and richest pharmaceutical enterprise in the world. Fortune® named Pfizer as the fifth-best ‘wealth-creator’ in America. The company is a global leader in human pharmaceuticals, and also has a large array of consumer health care, confectionery, and animal health care products. In 2000, its revenues equalled $29,6 billion (£20,14bn), eight of Pfizer’s pharmaceutical products attained sales of at least $1 billion (£680,4 million) each. Pfizer’s main competitors are [[Merck]], [[GlaxoSmithKline]], [[Novartis]], [[Brystol Myers Squibb]] and [[AstraZeneca]].

:In 2001, Pfizer has budgeted approximately $5 billion (£3,402 bn) for research and development - more than any other drug company in the world. However, the company is likely to spend even more money on marketing. Extensive marketing practices (e.g. huge TV advertising campaigns) have turned some drugs, like Claritin and Viagra, into household names. According to the Financial Times (26 April 2001), ‘Pfizer has powered its way up the global ranking list to its unassailable position thanks mainly to its marketing prowess.’

===History===
The company was incorporated as Charles Pfizer & Co in the US in 1942 but the original business dates back to a partnership founded in 1849. Until the turn of the century this partnership produced only citric acid but then began to expand into other chemicals and pharmaceutical products. A phase of rapid growth began with the production of penicillin in World War II (it was Pfizer penicillin that arrived with the Allied forces on the beaches of Normandy in 1944) and the development of the company’s most famous product, the antibiotic Terramycin in 1949. Based on this strength, Pfizer grew in the 40s and 50s through horizontal integration in the US as well as through internal development.

Under the methodical directive of John Powers, head of international operations and future president and chief executive officer, Pfizer’s foreign market expanded into 100 countries and accounted for $175 million (£199 million) in sales by 1965. It would be years before any competitor came close to commanding a similar share of the foreign market. Pfizer’s 1965 worldwide sales figures of $220 million (£149,7 million) indicated that the company might possibly be the largest pharmaceutical manufacturer in the US. By 1980 Pfizer was one of the two US companies among the top ten pharmaceutical companies in Europe, and the largest foreign health care and agricultural product manufacturer in Asia. Powers guided the company in a new direction with an emphasis on research and development.

By 1989, Pfizer operated in more than 140 countries. Pfizer entered the 90s facing controversy about heart valves produced by Shiley, a Pfizer subsidiary. In 1990, 38 fractures of implanted valves were reported (see also crime section). Pfizer became a household name in the late 90s with its development of the break-through male impotence drug Viagra, which became the world’s fastest-selling pharmaceutical product (until overtaken by another Pfizer brand).

It appears Viagra also had an effect on the company’s senior executives; in 1999 they began forcing their intentions on rival [[Warner-Lambert]], finally harassing the smaller company into a shotgun marriage in the first ever-hostile take-over in the pharma sector. This take-over turned Pfizer into the largest and richest pharmaceutical enterprise in the world.

Pfizer has worked its way up the global ranking list by way of internal growth and development, acquisitions, the licensing of products from competitors (Pfizer generously borrowed research from its competitors and released variants of these drugs. While all companies participated in this process of ‘molecular manipulation’, whereby a slight variance is produced in a given molecule to develop greater potency and decreased side effects in a drug, Pfizer was particularly adept at developing these drugs and aggressively seizing a share of the market), research & development, and by way of comprehensive marketing efforts.

Pfizer’s successful marketing efforts impinged on other companies in the pharma sector. (Pfizer’s modern market campaigns broke tradition in the pharma industry. Pfizer’s Terramycin campaign turned the company –a relative newcomer to the industry—into the largest advertiser in the American Medical Association’s journal. Some companies did not appreciate Pfizer’s ‘hard sell’ tactics and attacked Pfizer. However, after Pfizer’s campaign proved to be highly effective, other companies took a similar lead) It is manifested in the "arms race" of escalating numbers of sales representatives, particularly in the US; the huge pre-launch marketing budgets when companies try to make as big a splash as possible; and aggressive TV advertising campaigns in which drugs are seemingly being treated and presented to the consumer audience as any other consumer product.

Pfizer recently announced a new mission: to become the world’s ‘most valued’ company. Pfizer CEO McKinnell declared that the new mission came about because the old mission set in the 1990s (to lead the pharmaceutical industry) had been achieved. He explains: ‘Becoming most values simply means that we emerge as the company recognised as the best by patients, customers, business partners, and the communities where we live and work. It’s a long term mission focused on making Pfizer’s success a winning proposition for everyone.’<ref> Pfizer [http://www.pfizer.com/pfizerinc/investing/midyear/2001.pdf Pfizer’s first half year results 2001] Accessed 2006</ref> <ref> The Directory of Multinationals (1998) 'The World’s Top 500 Companies’. 5th edition, volume 2, Waterlow, Specialist Information Publishing Ltd.</ref>

==Bjork-Shiley heart valve==

One of Pfizer's products, the Bjork-Shiley heart valve has been the subject of numerous lawsuits against the company. The heart valve was implanted in over 40,000 people between 1979 and 1986, however by the late 80's several cases of heart valve breakages began appearing. Worldwide around 600 breakages have been reported causing roughly 500 fatalities. The incident was all the more shocking as during testing in the 1970's several breakages were reported without the product ever being recalled, in fact several faulty valves were discovered by inspectors, superficially altered to make it appear they were safe and then implanted into patients. In 1994 Pfizer was found guilty of negligent practice and forced to pay around $200 million in damages over the incident. [http://www.gregpalast.com/printerfriendly.cfm?artid=68#item2]

==Resources==
* [[Pfizer: Products]]
* [[Pfizer: Products/Projects]]
* [[Pfizer: Who, Where, How Much?]]
* [[Pfizer: Influence / Lobbying]]
* [[Pfizer: Corporate Crimes]]
* [[Pfizer: Links, contacts & resources]]

==People==
*[[Lynda Gauld]]
==Pfizer affiliations==

*[[Atlantic Bridge]]
*[[American Council on Science and Health]]
*[[Scottish Council Foundation]]
*[[Scottish Parliament Business Exchange]]
*[[Competitive Enterprise Institute]]
*[[Cato Institute]]
*[[CropLife International]]
*[[Institute of Ideas]]
*[[Social Market Foundation]]
*[[World Business Council for Sustainable Development]]
*[[Centre for the New Europe]]
*[[Science Media Centre]]
*[[Sense About Science]]
*[[International Chamber of Commerce]]
*[[Industry and Parliament Trust]]
*[[Edmund Burke Foundation]]
*[[Media Mentor]]
*[[Friends of Europe]]
*[[International Corporate Governance Network]]
*[[Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry]]
*[[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]
*[[Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America]]
*[[Atlantic Legal Foundation]]
*[[Transparency International]]
*[[American Legislative Exchange Council]]
*[[SustainAbility]]

Pfizer provided generous support for the Expert Consensus Guideline Series: Treatment of Schizophrenia 1999 an initiative aiming at establishing uniform medication guidelines for schizophrenia<ref> Weibert, S. [http://www.teenscreentruth.com/New_Freedom_Commission.html The Genesis of President Bush’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health] Teenscreen Truth. Accessed 9th January 2008</ref>. It is reported that this was an initiative 'supported exclusively by 6 pharmaceutical companies: [[Eli Lilly and Company]], [[Janssen Pharmaceutica Inc.]], [[Novartis]] Pharmaceuticals Corporation, [[Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical]], [[Pfizer]] Inc. and [[Zeneca Pharmaceuticals]]' (now known as [[AstraZeneca]]). [[Michael Hogan]] and [[Laurie Flynn]] were also involved in this initiative.

==PR, Lobbying and Business Intelligence firms==
*[[Edelman]] UK 1.12.03 - 31.05.04
* [[GPC International]] UK 30.11.03 - 31.05.04
*[[Fleishman-Hillard]] 2005
*[[Precise Public Affairs]]
*[[Porter Novelli International]]
*[[Weber Shandwick]], UK 2004
*[[Ogilvy Public Relations Worldwide]], UK 2004
*[[Ogilvy & Mather]]
*[[APCO Worldwide]]
*[[Cohn and Wolfe Ltd]] 2004
*[[Garnett Keeler PR]], 2004
*[[Hill and Knowlton]], 2004
*[[Ketchum]] 2004
*[[Manning Selvage and Lee]], 2004
*[[Shire Health PR]], 2004
*[[Chandler Chicco Agency]]

Pfizer appears as a client for [[Rabin Strategic Partners]]<ref> Rabin Strategic Partners [http://www.rabinpartners.com/ Our Clients] Accessed 2nd January 2008</ref> (a full-service consultancy, public relations and communications agency).

Pfizer is listed as a client for business intelligence firm [[Business Insights]]<ref> Business Insights [http://globalbusinessinsights.com/content/rbhc0019m.pdf Patient Power: The shift towards more informed, more powerful consumers of drugs] Accessed 5th February 2008</ref>

In 2008, Pfizer is listed as a client of [[Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO Ltd]]<ref>AMV BBDO [http://www.amvbbdo.com/ Clients] accessed 12th February 2008</ref>. They are also listed as a client of [[Innovex]]<ref> Innovex [http://www.innovexcareers.com/content_static/c_ourcustomers.asp?session_id={212F403D-EE9F-433B-A03A-E66AB35FB45E} Our Customers] Accessed 12th February 2008</ref>

Pfizer is also listed as a member of the [[American Benefits Council]]<ref>American Benefits Council [http://www.americanbenefitscouncil.org/about/memberlist.cfm Memberships] Accessed 26th February 2008</ref> and the [[International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations]]<ref>International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations [http://www.ifpma.org/About_Us/about_mem_europe.aspx Members] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref> in 2008

The Centre for Responsive Ethics report that Pfizer 'is one of the biggest players in what is widely considered the most influential industry in Washington: pharmaceutical manufacturers'. They go on to add that 'Pfizer and other drug makers have successfully fought efforts in Congress to attach a prescription drug benefit to Medicare. The industry also opposes efforts to make it easier for generic drugs to enter the market'<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/summary.asp?ID=D000000138 Pfizer] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>.

The following agencies are reported to have been contracted to assist Pfizer in their lobbying activities in 2007<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?year=2007&txtname=Pfizer+Inc Lobbying-Pfizer] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>...

* [[Foley Hoag]] LLP - $360,000
* [[Nickles Group]] - $300,000
* [[Patton Boggs]] LLP - $260,000
* [[Ogilvy Government Relations]] - $240,000
* [[Arnold and Porter]] - $240,000
* [[Williams and Jensen]] - $240,000
* [[Barbour Griffith and Rogers International]] - $200,000
* [[McManus Group]] - $180,000
* [[MWW Group]] - $140,000
* [[Davidson & Co]] -$120,000
* [[Glover Park Group]] - $100,000
* [[Gorlin Group]] - $80,000
* [[Parven Pomper and Schuyler]] - $80,000
* [[Lent Scrivner and Roth]] - $40,000
* [[Clark & Weinstock]] - $40,000
* [[Podesta Group]] - $40,000
* [[Bond & Co]] - $30,000
* [[Ryan, Phillips et al]] - $20,000

This is a total of $2,710,000 for 2007 which has been itemized. The reported expenditure total for lobbying in 2007 is $13,800,000.

Other agencies hired previous to 2007 (during the period 1999-2006) are reported as...
* [[Mayer, Brown et al]]
* [[Kenneth Bowler, Marion]]
* [[Hogan & Hartson]]
* [[Ricchetti Inc]]
* [[Palmetto Group]]
* [[Akin, Gump et al]]
* [[Neumann, Joanne Snow]]
* [[PodestaMattoon]]
* [[Parry, Romani et al]]
* [[Canfield & Assoc]]
* [[Kessler & Assoc]]
* [[HC Assoc]]
* [[Capitol Health Group]]
* [[MWW Group]]
* [[Greenlee Partners]]
* [[Winning Strategies Washington]]
* [[Duberstein Group]]
* [[Mickey Ibarra & Assoc]]
* [[Ropes & Gray]]
* [[Duane Morris Government Affairs]]
* [[Ernst & Young]]
* [[Steelman Health Strategies]]
* [[Federalist Group]]
* [[Brownstein, Hyatt et al]]
* [[Bennett, Turner & Coleman]]

Acting on behalf of Pfizer subsidiary [[Pharmacia Corp]]...
* [[Moffet Global]] - 2003
* [[Ricchetti Inc]] - 2003
* [[Collier Shannon Scott]] - 2003
* [[Alpine Group]] - 2003
* [[Duberstein Group]] - 2003
* [[Parry, Romani et al]] - 2003

==Government and the Corporate Purse==
Pfizer is reported to have to have contributed a total of US$11,929,052 to political parties in America between 1990-2008<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/summary.asp?ID=D000000138 Donor Profiles-Pfizer] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>. 73% went to the Republicans and 27% to the Democrats. Since 1999 their contributions break down as follows...
* 1999-2000 $2,482,666 (85% Repubs, 15% Dems)
* 2001-2002 $1,981,972 (80% Repubs, 20% Dems)
* 2003-2004 $1,768,206 (67% Repubs, 33% Dems)
* 2005-2006 $1,912,839 (67% Repubs, 33% Dems)
* 2007-2008 $763,583 (50% Repubs, 50% Dems) - note:info taken early in 2008, before the end of the cycle (thus is not a final figure).

Funding for lobbying between 1999-2008 is reported to be US$54,090,000 which breaks down as follows<ref>The Centre for Responsive Ethics [http://www.opensecrets.org/lobbyists/clientsum.asp?year=2007&txtname=Pfizer+Inc Lobbying-Pfizer] Accessed 11th March 2008</ref>...
* 1999 - $2,240,000
* 2000 - $3,540,000
* 2001 - $1,840,000
* 2002 - $4,700,000
* 2003 - $4,020,000
* 2004 - $5,660,000
* 2005 - $6,490,000
* 2006 - $11,800,000
* 2007 - $13,800,000 (full figures for 2007 are not yet available, thus this unlikely to be the final figure for the year)

==Patient Groups==
In 2006 Pfizer report that they gave funding to patient groups totalling £1,109,997.29<ref> Pfizer [http://www.pfizer.co.uk/template4.asp?pageid=392 Our Partnership With Patient Organisations] Accessed 13th December 2007</ref>

The organisations receiving funding were...
* [[Action on Pain]] - £6,300
* [[Addington Afro-Ethnic Health Promotion Group]] (AAEGRO) - £400
* [[African HIV Policy Network]] (AHPN) - £5000
* [[Age Concern]] - £510
* [[Alzheimer's Society]] - £15,825
* [[Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Alliance]] (ARMA) - £15,000
* [[BackCare]] - £1000
* [[Beating Bowel Cancer]] - £21,460
* [[Blood Pressure Association]] (BPA) - £30,000
* [[Bournemouth Heart Club]] - £100
* [[Bowel Cancer UK]] - £23,000
* [[Breakthrough Breast Cancer]] £10,000
* [[Breast Cancer Care]] - £9,000
* [[British Lung Foundation]] (BLF) - £44,943.29
* [[Cancerbackup]] - £44,750
* [[Cancer Campaigning Group]] - £10,000
* [[Child Growth Foundation]] - £21,540
* [[Continence Foundation]] - £10,300
* [[Diabetes UK]] - £172,000
* [[Epilepsy Action]] - £25,000
* [[Equilibrium the Bipolar Foundation]] - £10,000
* [[EUROPA DONNA]] - £1,500
* [[H.E.A.R.T UK]] - £63,675
* [[Herpes Viruses Association]] (aka [[Shingles Support Society]]) - £1000
* [[HIV i-base]] - £20,000
* [[Incontact]] - £34,000
* [[International Glaucoma Association]] (IGA) - £13,293
* [[James Whale Fund for Kidney Cancer]] - £11,175
* [[Joint Epilepsy Council]] (JEC) - £13,250
* [[Kidney Cancer UK]] - £2,200
* [[Long-Term Conditions Alliance]] (LTCA) - £57,000
* [[Macular Disease Society]] (for the [[Age-related Macular Degeneration Alliance]]) - £17,000
* [[Men's Health Forum]] (MHF) - (for England & Wales) £48,000 - (for Scotland) £2,000
* [[NAM Publications]] - £20,000
* [[National AIDS Trust]] (NAT) - £15,000
* [[National Society for Epilepsy) (NSE) - £15,000
* [[The Neuropathy Trust]] - £29,411
* [[Pain Relief Foundation]] - £12,600
* [[The Patients Association]] - £7,500
* [[Pituitary Foundation]] - £15,000
* [[Positive Nation]] (UK Coalition) - £165
* [[Pulmonary Hypertension Association UK]] - £49,600
* [[QUIT]] - £25,000
* [[Rarer Cancers Forum]] - £2,000
* [[Raynaud's and Scleroderma Association]] (RSA) - £500
* [[Royal National Institute of the Blind]] (RNIB) - £85,000
* [[Sarcoma UK]] - £5,000
* [[Sexual Dysfunction Association]] (SDA) - £40,000
* [[Specialised Healthcare Alliance]] (SHCA) - £11,000
* [[Spinal Injuries Association]] (SIA) - £1,000
* [[Trigeminal Neuralgia Association UK]] (TNA) - £1,000
* [[Turners Syndrome Society]] - £10,000

In addition to the above patient group donations, Pfizer also financed the following organisations (December 2005 to November 2006) through its [[Pfizer UK Foundation]] <ref>ibid</ref>. The amount of grants given to all Pfizer UK Foundation projects in 2006 totalling £1,038,209:

* [[Age Concern]] - £43,383
* [[Association for Real Change]] (ARC) - £26,203
* [[Asthma UK]] - £72, 830
* [[The Cancer Counselling Trust]] - £17,500
* [[Diabetes UK]] - £26,390
* [[Down's Syndrome Association]] - £20,000
* [[Maggie's Cancer Caring Centre Trust]] - £30,450
* [[QUIT]] - £38,788
* [[Terrence Higgins Trust]] - £48,500

==External Links==

* http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/main.jsp
* http://www.gregpalast.com/printerfriendly.cfm?artid=68

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Pharmaceutical Industry]]

2008-04-22T13:53:56Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma

2008-04-22T13:51:33Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

On 1 October 2007 Mitsubishi Pharma merged with Tanabe Seiyaku Co.,Ltd to form Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. <ref>http://www.mitsubishi-pharma.eu.com/corpinfo.php (Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation Information)</ref>

The President and Representative Director of Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma is Natsuki Hayama. The Representative Director and Executive Vice President is Takeshi Komine.

Tanabe Seiyaku Hanbai Co.,Ltd. is a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Tanabe Corp.<ref>http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/e/release/nr/2008/pdf/e080304_ge.pdf (Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. 2008: Announcement of subsidiary company)</ref>

==References==

<references/>

Category:Pharmaceutical Industry

2008-04-22T13:43:05Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

2008-01-30T10:49:08Z

Lindsay Siebelt:

Lindsay Siebelt
MRes Social Research