Difference between revisions of "RAND Corporation"

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The '''RAND Corporation''', according to the corporate web site, is a "nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis."
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[[Image:RAND-logo.jpg|right|150px]]
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The '''RAND Corporation''' is an influential US think-tank with extremely close links to the US military and the corporate sector. It emerged out of the alliance between big business and the state during the Second World War and played an important role in developing Cold War strategy. Today it conducts research into many areas of public policy but has a strong focus on security and international relations.
  
:"Covert foreign policy became the standard mode of operation after World War II, which was also when [[Ford Foundation]] became a major player for the first time. The institute most involved in classified research was Rand Corporation, set up by the [[Air Force]] in 1948. The interlocks between the trustees at Rand, and the Ford, [[Rockefeller foundation|Rockefeller]], and [[Carnegie foundation]]s were so numerous that the [[Reece Committee]] listed them in its report (two each for Carnegie and Rockefeller, and three for Ford). Ford gave one million dollars to Rand in 1952 alone, at a time when the chairman of Rand was simultaneously the president of Ford Foundation."[Rene Wormser, Foundations: Their Power and Influence, p65-66 (Sevierville TN: Covenant House Books, 1993), 412 pages. First published in 1958 by Devin-Adair in New York, and reprinted in 1977 by Angriff Press.] -- [http://www.namebase.org/news15.html Philanthropists at War by Daniel Brandt; From NameBase NewsLine, No. 15, October-December 1996]
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==Origins and history==
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The RAND Corporation grew out of the merging of the corporate and state sectors in the United States that occurred during the Second World War – what President Eisenhower later famously dubbed the ‘Military-Industrial Complex’. As RAND itself states on its website: “There were discussions among people in the War Department, the Office of Scientific Research and Development, and industry who saw a need for a private organization to connect military planning with research and development decisions.” <ref>RAND Corporation website, [http://www.rand.org/about/history/ A Brief History of RAND], (accessed 24 October 2008)</ref>
  
:"Two-thirds of Rand's research involves national security issues. This is divided into Project Air Force, the Arroyo Center (serving the needs of the Army), and the National Defense Research Institute (providing research and analysis for the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, and the defense agencies). The other third of Rand's research is devoted to issues involving health, education, civil and criminal justice, labor and population studies, and international economics." 1994 Annual Report[http://www.namebase.org/cgi-bin/nb01/XQ]
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RAND began life as a project of the Douglas Aircraft Company, which had made enormous profits from the war, producing thousands of American bombers. It was conceived at a meeting on 1 October 1945 between [[Henry Arnold]], Commanding General of the Army Air Force; MIT's [[Edward Bowles]], a consultant to the Secretary of War; [[Donald Douglas]], of Douglas Aircraft Company; Douglas' Chief Engineer [[Arthur Raymond]], and his assistant [[Frank Collbohm]]. Then known as Project RAND, its name was taken from the term ''research and development''. <ref>RAND Corporation website, [http://www.rand.org/about/history/ A Brief History of RAND], (accessed 24 October 2008)</ref> By early 1948 Project RAND had grown to 200 staff members and on 14 May 1948 it broke off from [[Douglas Aircraft Company]] to become an independent, non-profit organisation. On 1 November 1948, the Project RAND contract was formally transferred from the [[Douglas Aircraft Company]] to the RAND Corporation. The [[Ford Foundation]] provided $1 million for the new corporation, <ref>RAND Corporation website, [http://www.rand.org/about/history/ A Brief History of RAND], (accessed 24 October 2008)</ref> and the new think-tank also had $5 million in remaining funds from Project RAND at its disposal. <Ref>Donald E. Abelson, ''A Capitol Idea: Think-Tanks and US Policy'' (McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 2006) p.75</ref>
  
*[http://www.rand.org/publications/electronic/ RAND Electronic Documents]. Search by category.
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==Cold War Strategy==
*[http://www.namebase.org/main4/Rand-Corporation.html record at namebase.org]
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[[Denis Healey]], probably the most important figure in the development of American style 'strategic thinking' in Britain, makes the following comments on RAND in his memoires:
  
'''[http://www.rand.org/about/briefing.pdf Board of Directors]'''
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<blockquote style="background-color:ivory;border:1pt solid Darkgoldenrod;padding:1%;font-size:10pt">[RAND] had established itself as the leading think-tank for Pentagon, and had access to all its secrets. They were mainly economists by training, and had developed a vocabulary for 'thinking about the unthinkable' which had all the weaknesses of economic jargon. The universe of nuclear strategy was so difficult to comprehend, and the horrors it contained were so repugnant to normal people, that its study required the same clinical detachment as the study of venereal disease. But that very detachment tended to blind the experts to the human realities, and to enslave them to abstract concepts, the validity of which had never been tested.<ref>Denis Healey, ''The Time of My Life'' (London: Penguin, 1989) p.246</ref></blockquote>
 
 
*[[Ronald L. Olson]], Chairman
 
*Carl Bildt
 
*[[Harold Brown]]
 
*[[Frank Charles Carlucci III]]
 
*Lovida H. Coleman, Jr.
 
*Robert Curvin
 
*Pedro Jose Greer, Jr.
 
*[[Rita E. Hauser]]
 
*[[Karen Elliott House]]
 
*Jen-Hsun Huang
 
*[[Paul G. Kaminski]]
 
*Bruce Karatz
 
*Lydia H. Kennard
 
*Ann McLaughlin Korologos
 
*Philip Lader
 
*Arthur Levitt
 
*Lloyd N. Morrisett
 
*Paul H. O'Neill
 
*Amy B. Pascal
 
*Patricia Salas Pineda
 
*John Edward Porter
 
*John S. Reed
 
*[[Donald B. Rice]]
 
*James E. Rohr
 
*Jerry I. Speyer
 
*James A. Thomson
 
*James Q. Wilson
 
---------
 
'''According to [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation The Wikipedia]''':
 
 
 
==Project RAND==
 
 
 
RAND was set up, in 1945, by the USAAF as '''Project RAND''', under contract to the Douglas Aircraft Company, and in 1945 they released the ''Preliminary Design of an Experimental World-Circling Spaceship''. In May 1948, Project RAND was separated from Douglas and became an independent organization.
 
  
 
== Locations ==
 
== Locations ==
 
 
"RAND has four principal locations, Santa Monica, California; Arlington, Virginia (just outside Washington, D.C.); Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and RAND Europe headquarters in Leiden, The Netherlands. RAND Europe also has offices in Berlin, Germany, and Cambridge, the United Kingdom." Since 2003, RAND has also operated the RAND-Qatar Policy Institute in Doha, Qatar.
 
"RAND has four principal locations, Santa Monica, California; Arlington, Virginia (just outside Washington, D.C.); Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and RAND Europe headquarters in Leiden, The Netherlands. RAND Europe also has offices in Berlin, Germany, and Cambridge, the United Kingdom." Since 2003, RAND has also operated the RAND-Qatar Policy Institute in Doha, Qatar.
  
==People==
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==Board of Directors==
===Organization and Divisions of the RAND Corporation===
 
  
====Office of the President====
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<table border="1" bgcolor="white" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" width="80%" align="center">
*[[James A. Thomson]], President and Chief Executive Officer
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<tr>
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<td>[[Ronald L. Olson]], Chairman</td>
 +
<td>[[Carl Bildt]]</td>
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<td>[[Harold Brown]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
Michael D. Rich, Executive Vice President
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<tr>
 +
<td>[[Frank Charles Carlucci III]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Lovida H. Coleman, Jr.]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Robert Curvin]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
Karen Treverton, Special Assistant, President's Office
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<tr>
Vivian J. Arterbery, Corporate Secretary
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<td>[[Pedro Jose Greer, Jr.]]</td>
Brent Bradley, Assistant to the President for Corporate Strategy
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<td>[[Rita E. Hauser]]</td>
Lynn Karoly, Director of Research Quality Assurance
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<td>[[Karen Elliott House]]</td>
Rick Eden, Associate Director of Research Quality Assurance
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</tr>
James Chow, David Aaron, Assistants to the President for Research on Counterterrorism
 
Michael Thompson, Senior Advisor, Private Sector
 
  
Office of the Chief Financial Officer
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<tr>
 +
<td>[[Jen-Hsun Huang]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Paul G. Kaminski]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Bruce Karatz]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
Richard Fallon, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
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<tr>
 +
<td>[[Lydia H. Kennard]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Ann McLaughlin Korologos]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Philip Lader]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
    Planning & Analysis (Keith Henry, Director)
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<tr>
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<td>[[Arthur Levitt]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Lloyd N. Morrisett]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Paul H. O'Neill]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
Finance
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<tr>
Kenneth M. Krug, Treasurer
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<td>[[Amy B. Pascal]]</td>
 +
<td>[[Patricia Salas Pineda]]</td>
 +
<td>[[John Edward Porter]]</td>
 +
</tr>
  
    Budget (Mitchell E. Blake, Director)
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<tr>
    Business Information Systems (Ann Rice, Director)
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<td>[[John S. Reed]]</td>
    Contract and Grant Services (Joanne Shelby, Director)
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<td>[[Donald B. Rice]]</td>
    Financial Reporting & Accounting Services (Michael Gallagher, Director)
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<td>[[James E. Rohr]]</td>
    Travel (Mike Conley, RAND Global Travel Manager)
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</tr>
  
Office of External Affairs
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<tr>
 +
<td>[[Jerry I. Speyer]]</td>
 +
<td>[[James A. Thomson]]</td>
 +
<td>[[James Q. Wilson]]</td>
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</tr>
  
Alan Hoffman, Vice President for External Affairs
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<tr>
Iao Katagiri, Deputy Vice President
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<th colspan="3" bgcolor="goldenrod" align="left" style="font-size:10pt">
Margaret Schumacher, Deputy Director
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Source<ref>[http://www.rand.org/about/briefing.pdf About Rand] Rand Corporation</ref>
 +
</th>
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</tr>
 +
</table>
  
    Community Relations (Iao Katagiri)
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==Notable RAND participants==
    External Communications Office (David Egner)
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*[[David L. Aaron]] &mdash; [[Deputy National Security Advisor]] under Carter and drafter of the NATO treaty
    RAND Review (John Godges, Editor)
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*[[Henry H. Arnold]] &mdash; General, United States Air Force &mdash; RAND founder
    Washington External Affairs (Shirley Ruhe, Director)
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*[[Kenneth Arrow]] &mdash; economist, Nobel Laureate, developed the [[Arrow's impossibility theorem|impossibility theorem]] in social choice theory
    External Web (Gregg Pazak, Manager)
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*[[Bruno Augenstein]] &mdash; V.P., physicist, mathematician and space scientist
    Office of Development, (Alan Hoffman, Acting Executive Director; Fred Kipperman, Deputy Director)
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*[[J. Paul Austin]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1972-1981
    Corporate Publications and Branding (Margaret Schumacher)  
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*[[Paul Baran]] &mdash; one of the developers of packet switching which was used in [[Arpanet]] and later networks like the [[Internet]]
 +
*[[Barry Boehm]] &mdash; software economics expert, inventor of [[COCOMO]]
 +
*[[Harold L. Brode]] &mdash; physicist, leading nuclear weapons effects expert
 +
*[[Bernard Brodie]] &mdash; Military strategist and nuclear architect
 +
*[[David S. C. Chu]] &mdash; Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness, 2001–present
 +
*[[Samuel Cohen]] &mdash; inventor of the neutron bomb in 1958
 +
*[[Franklin R. Collbohm]] &mdash; Aviation Engineer, [[Douglas Aircraft Company]] &mdash; RAND founder and former director and trustee
 +
*[[George Dantzig]] &mdash; mathematician, creator of the simplex algorithm for linear programming
 +
*[[James F. Digby]] &mdash; American Military Strategist, author of first treatise on precision guided munitions 1949 - 2007
 +
*[[Stephen H Dole]] &mdash; Author of the pivotal work "Habitable Planets for man." <ref>RAND Corporation [http://rand.org/pubs/commercial_books/CB179-1/  Habitable Planets for man] (6.4 MB PDF) </ref>
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*[[Donald Wills Douglas, Sr.]] &mdash; President, [[Douglas Aircraft Company]] &mdash; RAND founder
 +
*[[Daniel Ellsberg]] &mdash; leaker of the [[Pentagon Papers]]
 +
*[[Francis Fukuyama]] &mdash; academic and author of ''[[The End of History and the Last Man]]''
 +
*[[H. Rowen Gaither, Jr.]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1949-1959; 1960-1961
 +
*[[James J. Gillogly]] &mdash; cryptographer and computer scientist
 +
*[[Cecil Hastings]] &mdash; programmer, wrote software engineering classic, ''Approximations for Digital Computers'' (Princeton 1955)
 +
*[[William E. Hoehn]] &mdash; Senior Policy Advisor to Senator [[Sam Nunn]], Visiting Professor at the [[Sam Nunn School of International Affairs]] and the Coca-Cola Foundation Eminent Practitioner in Residence at [[Georgia Institute of Technology]]
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*[[Brian Michael Jenkins]] &mdash; terrorism expert, Senior Advisor to the President of the RAND Corporation, and author of ''Unconquerable Nation''
 +
*[[Herman Kahn]] &mdash; theorist on nuclear war and one of the founders of scenario planning
 +
*[[Zalmay Khalilzad]] &mdash; U.S. Ambassador to United Nations
 +
*[[Henry Kissinger]]&mdash; US Secretary of State (1973-1977); National Security Advisor (1969-1975); Nobel Peace Prize Winner (1973)
 +
*[[Ann McLaughlin Korologos]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, April 2004- present
 +
*[[Lewis Libby|Lewis "Scooter" Libby]] &mdash; Dick Cheney's former Chief of Staff
 +
*[[Ray Mabus]] &mdash; Former ambassador, governor
 +
*[[Harry Markowitz]] &mdash; economist, developed the [[Portfolio Selection model]] that is still widely used in modern finance
 +
*[[Andrew W. Marshall]] &mdash; military strategist, director of the US DoD Office of Net Assessment
 +
*[[Margaret Mead]] &mdash; U.S. anthropologist
 +
*[[Douglas Merrill]] &mdash; Former Google CIO & President of EMI's digital music division
 +
*[[Newton N. Minow]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1970-1972
 +
*[[Lloyd N. Morrisett]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1986-1995
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*[[John Forbes Nash|John Forbes Nash, Jr.]] &mdash; Nobel prize-winning mathematician
 +
*[[John von Neumann]] &mdash; mathematician, pioneer of the modern digital computer
 +
*[[Allen Newell]] &mdash; artificial intelligence
 +
*[[Paul O'Neill (cabinet member)|Paul O'Neill]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1997-2000
 +
*[[Ron Olson]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 2001-2004
 +
*[[Edmund Phelps]] &mdash; winner of 2006 Nobel Prize in Economics
 +
*[[W.V. Quine]] &mdash; philosopher
 +
*[[Arthur E. Raymond]] &mdash; Chief Engineer, [[Douglas Aircraft Company]] &mdash; RAND founder
 +
*[[Condoleezza Rice]] &mdash; former trustee 1991–1997 and current Secretary of State for the United States (as of May 2006), former intern
 +
*[[Michael D. Rich]] &mdash; RAND Executive Vice President, 1993–present
 +
*[[Leo Rosten]] &mdash; academic and humorist
 +
*[[Donald Rumsfeld]] &mdash; Chairman of Board from 1981–1986; 1995-1996 and Secretary of Defense for the United States from 1975 to 1977 and 2001 to 2006.
 +
*[[Robert F. Salter]] &mdash; advocate of the [[vactrain]] [[maglev train]] concept
 +
*[[Paul Samuelson]] — economist, Nobel Laureate
 +
*[[Thomas Schelling|Thomas C. Schelling]] &mdash; economist, winner of 2005 Nobel Prize in Economics
 +
*[[James Schlesinger]] &mdash; former Secretary of Defense and former Secretary of Energy
 +
*[[Lloyd Shapley]] &mdash; mathematician and game theorist
 +
*[[David A. Shephard]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1967-1970
 +
*[[Herbert Simon]] &mdash; Nobel prize-winning economist
 +
*[[Frank Stanton]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1961-1967
 +
*[[Peter Szanton]] &mdash; the policy analyst and former President of New York Rand
 +
*[[Katsuaki L. Terasawa]] &mdash; economist
 +
*[[Dr. James Thomson (CEO, RAND Corporation)|James Thomson]] &mdash; RAND CEO, 1989–present
 +
*[[William Webster]] &mdash; Chairman of the Board, 1959-1960
 +
*[[Albert Wohlstetter]] &mdash; Mathematician and Cold-War Strategist
 +
*[[Roberta Wohlstetter]] &mdash; Policy analyst and military historian
  
Staff Development and Management Office
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===Governance===
 +
The organization's governance structure includes a [[board of trustees]].  Current members of the board include:  [[Francis Fukuyama]], [[Timothy Geithner]], [[John W. Handy]], [[Rita Hauser]], [[Karen House]], [[Jen-Hsun Huang]], [[Paul Kaminski]], [[John M. Keane]], [[Lydia H. Kennard]], [[Ann Korologos]], [[Philip Lader]], [[Peter Lowy]], [[Charles N. Martin, Jr.]], [[Bonnie McElveen-Hunter]], [[Ronald Olson]], [[Paul O'Neill (cabinet member)|Paul O'Neill]], [[Michael Powell (politician)|Michael Powell]], [[Donald Rice]], [[James Rohr]], [[James Rothenberg]], [[Donald Tang]], [[Dr. James Thomson (CEO, RAND Corporation)|James Thomson]], and [[Robert C. Wright]].
  
Adele R. Palmer, Vice President
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Former members of the board include: [[Walter Mondale]], [[Condoleezza Rice]], [[Newton Minow]], [[Brent Scowcroft]], [[Amy Pascal]], John Reed, [[Charles Townes]], [[Caryl Haskins]], [[Walter Wriston]], [[Frank Stanton]], [[Carl Bildt]], [[Donald Rumsfeld]], [[Harold Brown (Secretary of Defense)|Harold Brown]], [[Robert Curvin]], [[Pedro Greer]], [[Arthur Levitt]], [[Lloyd Morrisett]], [[Frank Carlucci]], [[Lovida Coleman]], [[Ratan Tata]],  [[Marta Tienda]] and [[Jerry Speyer]].
Elizabeth R. Palser, Director of Administrative Operations
 
  
Research Staff Management Department
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== Contact, References and Resources ==
Adele R. Palmer, Chair
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===Contact===
Melissa Rowe, Associate Chair
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:RAND
Behavioral and Social Sciences (Nell Griffith Forge, Audry Burnam)
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:P.O. Box 2138
Economics and Statistics (Susan Hosek)
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:1776 Main Street
 +
:Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
 +
:Email: correspondence@rand.org
 +
:Website: [http://www.rand.org/about/ www.rand.org]
  
    Statistics Group (Dan McCaffrey)
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==Resources, external links, notes==
 +
===Resources===
 +
*[[Terrorexpertise:RAND Corporation]] a seperate page focusing on RAND's terrorism related work
 +
*Edward S. Herman and Gerry O'Sullivan, [[Rand Corporation, extract from The "Terrorism" Industry]], New York: Pantheon, 1989.
 +
*[[Rand Europe]]
 +
===Further reading===
 +
*Abella, Alex. ''Soldiers of Reason: The RAND Corporation and the Rise of the American Empire'' (Harcourt, 2008). ISBN 978-0-15-101081-3.
 +
*S.M. Amadae. ''Rationalizing Capitalist Democracy: The Cold War Origins of Rational Choice Liberalism'' (University of Chicago Press, 2003).
 +
* Martin Collins. ''Cold War Laboratory: RAND, The Air Force and the American State'' (Smithsonian Institute, 2002).
 +
*Paul Dickson ''Think Tanks'', New York: Atheneum, 1971. - Contains a chapter and much other discussion of Rand.
 +
*Thomas and Agatha Hughes, eds. ''Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering After World War II'' (The MIT Press. Dibner Institute Studies in the History of Science and Technology, 2000).
 +
*Fred Kaplan. The Wizards of Armageddon" (Stanford University Press, 1991).
 +
*Clifford, Peggy, ed. [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue19/rand_and_the_city.html "RAND and The City: Part One"].  ''[[Santa Monica Mirror]]'', October 27, 1999 – November 2, 1999.  Five-part series includes: [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue19/rand_and_the_city.html 1]; [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue20/rand_and_the_city.html 2]; [http://www.smmirror.com/volume1/issue21/rand_and_the_city.html 3]; [http://www.smmirror.com/volume1/issue22/rand_and_the_city.html 4]; & [http://www.smmirror.com/Volume1/issue23/rand_and_the_city.html 5]. Accessed April 15, 2008.
 +
*Bruce L. R. Smith ''The Rand Corporation: Case Study of a Nonprofit Advisory Corporation'', Cambridge, Mass: Harvard university Press, 1966.
 +
*Mark Trachtenberg. ''History & Strategy'' (Princeton University Press, 1991).
  
International and Security Policy (Dave Johnson)
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===External links===
 
+
*[http://www.rand.org/publications/electronic/ RAND Electronic Documents]. Search by category.
    Research Communications Group (Judy Larson)
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*[http://www.namebase.org/main4/Rand-Corporation.html record at namebase.org]
 
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===References===
Management Sciences (Bart Bennett, Stuart Olmsted)
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<references/>
Policy Sciences (Kathi Webb)
 
Technology and Applied Sciences (Carl Rhodes)
 
 
 
    Information Sciences Group (Robert Anderson)
 
 
 
Research Support Management (Elizabeth R. Palser, Director of Administrative Operations)
 
 
 
Human Resources
 
Bill Skinner, Director
 
Allison Elder, Associate Director
 
Office of Services
 
 
 
Patrick Horrigan, Vice President and Director
 
 
 
Facilities Services
 
Donn E. Williams, Director
 
 
 
Information Services and Technology
 
Woody Stoeger, Chief Information Officer
 
 
 
Library
 
Lucy Wegner, Director
 
 
 
Publications and Creative Services
 
Jane Ryan, Director
 
 
 
Security and Safety
 
Susan Olson, Corporate Director
 
Dick Harmon, Manager
 
Les Dishman, Assistant Manager
 
 
 
    Kathy Mills, Eastern Region, Manager
 
    Doug Payne, Washington, Assistant Manager
 
    Jeff Predmore, Pittsburgh, Assistant Manager
 
 
 
Headquarters Security Program
 
Cynthia Conlon, Headquarters Security Director
 
 
 
Washington Support Services
 
Casey Kane
 
 
 
Pittsburgh Support Services
 
Michele Colon
 
Research Divisions at RAND
 
 
 
RAND Army Research Division
 
RAND Arroyo Center
 
 
 
Thomas McNaugher, Vice President and Director
 
Tim Bonds, Deputy Director
 
Marcy Agmon, Director of Operations
 
 
 
    Force Development and Technology (Bruce Held)
 
    Manpower and Training (Bruce Orvis)
 
    Military Logistics (Eric Peltz)
 
    Strategy, Doctrine, and Resources (Laurinda L. Zeman)
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Education
 
Sue Bodilly, Acting Director
 
Charles Goldman, Associate Director
 
Caron Murray, Director of Operations
 
 
 
RAND Europe
 
L. Martin van der Mandele, President
 
Hugo Barbas, Chief Financial Officer
 
James P. Kahan, Senior Research Leader
 
 
 
Ann Wang, Santa Monica Point of Contact
 
 
 
    Information Society (Maarten Botterman)
 
    Education, Science & Technology, Innovation (Erik Frinking)
 
    Procurement, Audit and Governance (Jonathan Grant, Odette van de Riet)
 
    Surface Transport (Eric Kroes, Adnan Rahman)
 
    Defense and Security (Hans Pung)
 
    Aviation (Andreas Hotes)
 
    Modelling (Andrew Daly)
 
    Health (Tom Ling)
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Health
 
Robert H. Brook, Vice President and Director
 
Paul Koegel, Associate Director
 
Elizabeth McGlynn, Associate Director
 
 
 
Yasmin Facey, Director of Administration & Research Coordination
 
Mary Vaiana, Communications Director
 
Mary Irvine, Development Officer
 
 
 
    Drug Policy Research Center (jointly with RAND Infrastructure, Safety and Environment) (Rosalie Pacula, Peter Reuter)
 
    RAND Center for Domestic and International Health Security (Ross Anthony, Nicole Lurie, Co-Directors)
 
    RAND Center for Population Health and Health Disparities (Nicole Lurie)
 
    Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center (Paul Shekelle)
 
    RAND-University of Pittsburgh Health Institute (Harold Pincus)
 
    UCLA/RAND Center for Adolescent Health Promotion (Mark Schuster)
 
    UCLA/RAND NIMH Center for Research on Quality in Managed Care  (Ken Wells)
 
    VA/UCLA/RAND Center for the Study of Healthcare Provider Behavior (Lisa Rubenstein, Samuel Bozzette)
 
    The Washington Home Center for Palliative Care Studies (Joanne Lynn)
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Infrastructure, Safety and Environment
 
Debra Knopman, Vice President and Director
 
Jack Riley, Associate Director
 
Becky Collins, Quality Assurance Coordinator
 
Nancy Pollock, Director of Operations
 
Lisa Sheldone, Assistant Director of Operations
 
 
 
    Homeland Security Program (Michael Wermuth)
 
    Safety and Justice Program (Andrew Morral)
 
    Environment, Energy, and Economic Development Program (D.J. Peterson, Acting Director)
 
    Transportation, Space, and Technology Program (Martin Wachs, Director; Ed Balkovich, Associate Director)
 
 
 
    RAND Center for Terrorism Risk Management Policy (CTRMP)
 
    (jointly with RAND Institute for Civil Justice)
 
    Bob Reville, Michael Wermuth, Co-Directors
 
    Becky Collins, CTRMP Quality Assurance Coordinator
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Institute for Civil Justice
 
Robert Reville, Director
 
Carole Roan Gresenz, Associate Director for Research
 
Fred Kipperman, Associate Director and Director of Institutional Advancement
 
Laura Zakaras, Communications Director
 
 
 
    Kauffman-RAND Center
 
    Susan Gates, Director
 
 
 
    LRN-RAND Center for Corporate Ethics, Law, and Governance
 
 
 
    RAND Center for Terrorism Risk Management Policy (CTRMP)
 
    (jointly with RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment)
 
    Bob Reville, Michael Wermuth, Co-Directors
 
    Becky Collins, CTRMP Quality Assurance Coordinator
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Labor and Population
 
Arie Kapteyn, Director
 
Rebecca Kilburn, Associate Director
 
Narayan Sastry, Associate Director
 
Tracy O'Neill, Deputy Director for Marketing and Operations
 
 
 
    Center for the Study of Aging (Michael Hurd)
 
    Center for the Study of Social Welfare Policy (Jacob A. Klerman)
 
    Population Research Center (Arie Kapteyn)
 
    RAND Fellows in Population Studies (Julie S. DaVanzo)
 
    RAND Fellows in the Study of Aging (Julie S. DaVanzo)
 
    Roybal Center for Financial Decision Making (Arie Kapteyn)
 
    Roybal Center for Health Policy Simulation (Dana Goldman)
 
 
 
 
 
RAND National Security Research Division
 
National Defense Research Institute
 
 
 
Eugene C. Gritton, Vice President and Director
 
Nurith Berstein, Director for Operations
 
 
 
    Acquisition and Technology Policy Center (Philip Anton, Director)
 
    Forces and Resources Policy Center (Jim Hosek, Director; Meg Harrell, Associate Director)
 
    Intelligence Policy Center (John Parachini, Director; John Woodward, Associate Director)
 
    International Security and Defense Policy Center (James Dobbins, Director; Michael Lostumbo, Associate Director)
 
    International Programs (Susan Everingham)
 
 
 
        Center for Asia Pacific Policy (Bill Overholt)
 
        Center for Middle East Public Policy (David Aaron)
 
        Center for Russia and Eurasia (Jeremy Azrael)
 
        Frederick S. Pardee Center for Longer Range Global Policy and the Future Human Condition (James A. Dewar)
 
 
 
 
 
RAND Project AIR FORCE
 
Natalie Crawford, Vice President and Director
 
Cynthia Cook, Associate Director
 
Richard M. Moore, Director, Air Staff Operations
 
Judy Larson, Director of Communications
 
 
 
    Aerospace Force Development Program (Ted Harshberger)
 
    Manpower, Personnel, and Training Program (Al Robbert)
 
    Resource Management Program (C. Robert Roll, Jr.)
 
    Strategy and Doctrine Program (Andrew R. Hoehn)
 
 
 
 
 
Other Corporate
 
 
 
RAND Child Policy
 
Rebecca Kilburn, Director
 
 
 
RAND Survey Research Group
 
Sandra Berry, Senior Director
 
Julie Brown, Director
 
 
 
Human Subjects Protection Committee
 
Tora K. Bikson, Chair
 
 
 
Real Estate Development
 
Bonnie Holmes, Director
 
Corporate Chairs
 
 
 
Center for Asia Pacific Policy Chair in Asia Policy Research, Bill Overholt
 
Center for Russia and Eurasia Chair, Jeremy Azrael
 
Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency, Bruce Hoffman
 
European Security, Steve Larrabee
 
Ford Distinguished Professor of International Development and Security, Robert Klitgaard
 
Health Care Services, Robert H. Brook
 
Health Economics, Dana Goldman
 
Health Quality, Elizabeth McGlynn
 
International Economics, Charles Wolf, Jr.
 
Labor Markets and Demographic Studies, James P. Smith
 
Paul O'Neill Alcoa Professorship in Policy Analysis, Nicole Lurie
 
Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School
 
 
 
Rae Archibald, Interim Dean
 
Greg Treverton, Associate Dean for Research
 
 
 
    Alex Duke, Assistant Dean, Academic Program
 
    Rachel Swanger, Assistant Dean, Finance and OJT
 
 
 
RAND-Qatar Policy Institute
 
 
 
C. Richard Neu, Director
 
Washington Office
 
 
 
*[[Bruce Hoffman]], Director
 
Pittsburgh Office
 
 
 
Barry Balmat, Director
 
 
 
== Contact ==
 
 
 
[http://www.rand.org/about/ RAND Web Site]
 
 
 
General information<br>
 
RAND<br>
 
P.O. Box 2138<br>
 
1776 Main Street<br>
 
Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138<br>
 
correspondence@rand.org<br>
 
  
[[Category: Think tanks]]
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[[Category: Think Tanks]]
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[[Category:Terrorism Industry]]

Latest revision as of 11:37, 3 November 2008

RAND-logo.jpg

The RAND Corporation is an influential US think-tank with extremely close links to the US military and the corporate sector. It emerged out of the alliance between big business and the state during the Second World War and played an important role in developing Cold War strategy. Today it conducts research into many areas of public policy but has a strong focus on security and international relations.

Origins and history

The RAND Corporation grew out of the merging of the corporate and state sectors in the United States that occurred during the Second World War – what President Eisenhower later famously dubbed the ‘Military-Industrial Complex’. As RAND itself states on its website: “There were discussions among people in the War Department, the Office of Scientific Research and Development, and industry who saw a need for a private organization to connect military planning with research and development decisions.” [1]

RAND began life as a project of the Douglas Aircraft Company, which had made enormous profits from the war, producing thousands of American bombers. It was conceived at a meeting on 1 October 1945 between Henry Arnold, Commanding General of the Army Air Force; MIT's Edward Bowles, a consultant to the Secretary of War; Donald Douglas, of Douglas Aircraft Company; Douglas' Chief Engineer Arthur Raymond, and his assistant Frank Collbohm. Then known as Project RAND, its name was taken from the term research and development. [2] By early 1948 Project RAND had grown to 200 staff members and on 14 May 1948 it broke off from Douglas Aircraft Company to become an independent, non-profit organisation. On 1 November 1948, the Project RAND contract was formally transferred from the Douglas Aircraft Company to the RAND Corporation. The Ford Foundation provided $1 million for the new corporation, [3] and the new think-tank also had $5 million in remaining funds from Project RAND at its disposal. [4]

Cold War Strategy

Denis Healey, probably the most important figure in the development of American style 'strategic thinking' in Britain, makes the following comments on RAND in his memoires:

[RAND] had established itself as the leading think-tank for Pentagon, and had access to all its secrets. They were mainly economists by training, and had developed a vocabulary for 'thinking about the unthinkable' which had all the weaknesses of economic jargon. The universe of nuclear strategy was so difficult to comprehend, and the horrors it contained were so repugnant to normal people, that its study required the same clinical detachment as the study of venereal disease. But that very detachment tended to blind the experts to the human realities, and to enslave them to abstract concepts, the validity of which had never been tested.[5]

Locations

"RAND has four principal locations, Santa Monica, California; Arlington, Virginia (just outside Washington, D.C.); Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and RAND Europe headquarters in Leiden, The Netherlands. RAND Europe also has offices in Berlin, Germany, and Cambridge, the United Kingdom." Since 2003, RAND has also operated the RAND-Qatar Policy Institute in Doha, Qatar.

Board of Directors

Ronald L. Olson, Chairman Carl Bildt Harold Brown
Frank Charles Carlucci III Lovida H. Coleman, Jr. Robert Curvin
Pedro Jose Greer, Jr. Rita E. Hauser Karen Elliott House
Jen-Hsun Huang Paul G. Kaminski Bruce Karatz
Lydia H. Kennard Ann McLaughlin Korologos Philip Lader
Arthur Levitt Lloyd N. Morrisett Paul H. O'Neill
Amy B. Pascal Patricia Salas Pineda John Edward Porter
John S. Reed Donald B. Rice James E. Rohr
Jerry I. Speyer James A. Thomson James Q. Wilson

Source[6]

Notable RAND participants

Governance

The organization's governance structure includes a board of trustees. Current members of the board include: Francis Fukuyama, Timothy Geithner, John W. Handy, Rita Hauser, Karen House, Jen-Hsun Huang, Paul Kaminski, John M. Keane, Lydia H. Kennard, Ann Korologos, Philip Lader, Peter Lowy, Charles N. Martin, Jr., Bonnie McElveen-Hunter, Ronald Olson, Paul O'Neill, Michael Powell, Donald Rice, James Rohr, James Rothenberg, Donald Tang, James Thomson, and Robert C. Wright.

Former members of the board include: Walter Mondale, Condoleezza Rice, Newton Minow, Brent Scowcroft, Amy Pascal, John Reed, Charles Townes, Caryl Haskins, Walter Wriston, Frank Stanton, Carl Bildt, Donald Rumsfeld, Harold Brown, Robert Curvin, Pedro Greer, Arthur Levitt, Lloyd Morrisett, Frank Carlucci, Lovida Coleman, Ratan Tata, Marta Tienda and Jerry Speyer.

Contact, References and Resources

Contact

RAND
P.O. Box 2138
1776 Main Street
Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138
Email: correspondence@rand.org
Website: www.rand.org

Resources, external links, notes

Resources

Further reading

  • Abella, Alex. Soldiers of Reason: The RAND Corporation and the Rise of the American Empire (Harcourt, 2008). ISBN 978-0-15-101081-3.
  • S.M. Amadae. Rationalizing Capitalist Democracy: The Cold War Origins of Rational Choice Liberalism (University of Chicago Press, 2003).
  • Martin Collins. Cold War Laboratory: RAND, The Air Force and the American State (Smithsonian Institute, 2002).
  • Paul Dickson Think Tanks, New York: Atheneum, 1971. - Contains a chapter and much other discussion of Rand.
  • Thomas and Agatha Hughes, eds. Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering After World War II (The MIT Press. Dibner Institute Studies in the History of Science and Technology, 2000).
  • Fred Kaplan. The Wizards of Armageddon" (Stanford University Press, 1991).
  • Clifford, Peggy, ed. "RAND and The City: Part One". Santa Monica Mirror, October 27, 1999 – November 2, 1999. Five-part series includes: 1; 2; 3; 4; & 5. Accessed April 15, 2008.
  • Bruce L. R. Smith The Rand Corporation: Case Study of a Nonprofit Advisory Corporation, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard university Press, 1966.
  • Mark Trachtenberg. History & Strategy (Princeton University Press, 1991).

External links

References

  1. RAND Corporation website, A Brief History of RAND, (accessed 24 October 2008)
  2. RAND Corporation website, A Brief History of RAND, (accessed 24 October 2008)
  3. RAND Corporation website, A Brief History of RAND, (accessed 24 October 2008)
  4. Donald E. Abelson, A Capitol Idea: Think-Tanks and US Policy (McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 2006) p.75
  5. Denis Healey, The Time of My Life (London: Penguin, 1989) p.246
  6. About Rand Rand Corporation
  7. RAND Corporation Habitable Planets for man (6.4 MB PDF)