Klaus Ammann

Klaus Ammann (born 6 December 1940 in Bern, Switzerland) was Director of the Botanical Garden at the University of Bern, Switzerland until his retirement in February 2006. Ammann, together with John Beringer, Julian Kinderlerer, Alan McHughen and Mark Tepfer, founded the International Society for Biosafety Research (ISBR). Ammann is an editor of Environmental Biosafety Research, the journal published by the ISBR.

Ammann, together with CS Prakash and others, signed an 'Open Letter to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development' (April 2000). The letter warned the Commission against "needless over-regulation" of GM on the grounds of "the very real threat that an overly-strict adherence to precautionary regulation could pose to both the environment and to the well being of human populations around the world."

Ammann edits a pro-GM e-mail list and played a leading role together with CS Prakash in circulating and encouraging the attacks on researchers David Quist and Ignacio Chapela and their paper on GM contamination of Mexican maize published in Nature.

Studies and scientific work

• studied at the University of Bern (Switzerland)
• 1972: Dissertation about vegetation history
• 1976: Reader at the Geobotanical Institute, Bern
• 1996-2006: director of the Botanical Garden, University of Bern
• 2003: Sabbatical at Missouri Botanical Garden, USA
• 2006: retired from Botanical Garden, University of Bern
• 2006-07: visiting lecturer in biosafety and corporate ethics at Delft University of Technology

Science4BioReg and Ask Force

At Delft University of Technology, Ammann was part of the Working Group on Biotechnology and Society, together with Piet van der Meer. The Public Research & Regulation Initiative (PRRI) Secretariat is hosted by the Delft University of Technology. PRRI describes its aim as being

to inform researchers, policymakers, regulators and the general public about public research in modern biotechnology. PRRI does this in various ways: producing briefing papers, organising seminars, and answering questions about public research in modern biotechnology.

PRRI's EU Commission-funded project Science4BioReg is also located at Delft University of Technology. PRRI describes the aim of Science4BioReg as being to "inform and involve the public research sector in discussions on international agreements and regulations on biotechnology" and to "inform policy makers, regulators and the general public about the objectives and progress in public research in agricultural biotechnology".

Ammann is chair and coordinator of the Science4BioReg's Ask Force (2006-2009). Ask Force is a collaborative initiative by PRRI and the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB).

This is how PRRI describes the role of the Ask Force on its website:

On this 'ASK-FORCE' page, PRRI discusses publications about biosafety and biotechnology that have gained much public attention but which are not supported by peer reviewed scientific research.

Oddly enough, however, the examples quoted on the Ask Force page of publications which are supposedly "not supported by peer reviewed scientific research" are, in fact, supported by such research and in some cases are peer reviewed scientific research.

Examples listed by Ask Force include:

• Do GM crops fail to produce more yields? (New)
• Do GM crops pose a health risk to humans as Dona claims? (New)
• Do GM potatoes with lectins harm rat organs as Pusztai claims?
• Are rat organs damaged after feeding on GM soybeans as [Irina] Ermakova claims?
• Did Monsanto transgenic hybrid maize lower the fertility of mice in a multi generational feeding experiment?
• Is the impact of Bt maize on non-target insects really significantly negative? (New)
• Do aquatic organisms suffer from residues and protein of Bt maize?
• Is Bt maize harmful to a larvae of the monarch butterfly?

The facts yielded by these papers and more, which show worrying effects of GM crops for farmers, the environment, and consumers, are summarised with full references in the GMWatch publication "Genetically Modified Foods: Renewed Threat to Europe".

Membership of commissions and working groups

• 1995-2007: Biosafety Committee of the Government of Switzerland
• GMO Expert Group European Commission Directorate General JRC - IPTS
• 2002: Steering Committee of PLANTA EUROPA
• former member of the Federal Expert Commission for Biosafety, Switzerland

As of June 2009:

• Chairman European Group of Plant Specialists, IUCN
• member of the Schweizer National Fond
• member of the Commission on Green Genetic Engineering of the Union of the German Academies of Sciences and Humanities (Kommission Grüne Gentechnik der Union der deutschen Akademien der Wissenschaften)

Participation in research projects

• 1999-2004: member of the steering committee of AIGM - Assessment of the Impacts of Genetically Modified Plants
• 2004-08: EU project SIGMEA: Gene flow of maize in Europe
• 2006-09: Ask Force and coordination of a scientific database. Ask Force moderator for the PRRI and the EFB.

Participation in lobby organisations

• 1998: founder of a German pro-GM lobbying organisation of scientists, Wissenschaftlerkreis Grüne Gentechnik
• member of the executive board of the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB), chair of the EFB section on biodiversity, and member of the editorial board of the journal Environmental Biosafety Research of the EFB. EFB is an organisation of scientists wishing to promote biotechnology. It has an extensive corporate membership
• member of the steering committee of the PRRI, as well as member of its working group and in the former working group “Future Issues”.
• founder and member of the Publications Committee of the International Society for Biosafety Research (ISBR)
• member of the European Science Foundation (ESF) and steering committee member of the project Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants (AIGM)
• Board member of Gensuisse, a lobby organisation founded by the pharmaceutical industry to promote genetic engineering, together with representatives of Monsanto and Syngenta, among others.
• member of the advisory board of InterNutrition, a Swiss body which promotes genetic engineering. Among others the following companies and organisations are given as members of InterNutrition: Föderation der Schweiz, Nahrungsmittel-Industrien (FIAL), Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Monsanto, Nestlé Suisse S.A., Novartis, Novo Nordisk Ferment Ltd. and Unilever-Lipton Sais.
• 2004-06: board member of Africa Harvest, a US lobby organisation to promote the introduction of GM crops, founded by Florence Wambugu. Advisory board member of the African Technology Development Forum.
• expert for AgBioWorld for Risk Assessment and Public Perception of Biotechnology.
• maintainer of the former website Bio-Scope, financed by EuropaBio. As of April 2008 the website had been defunct for an unknown period
• 2004: member of steering committee of the ABIC2004
• In 2003, Ammann spent a sabbatical at the Missouri Botanical Garden (MBG) in the USA with Prof. Peter Raven. MBG is sponsored by Monsanto and acts as a collector for Monsanto's bioprospecting activities.
• 2004 Ammann published a report, "The impact of agricultural biotechnology on biodiversity", which was financed by Monsanto. The report, perhaps unsurprisingly, came up with the conclusion that GM will help protect biodiversity: "Habitat loss and fragmentation represent the greatest threats to natural genetic diversity. Practices that increase the productivity of existing agricultural lands will help to limit these effects. (UNDP, 2001). GM crops can be useful in this respect." Besides several Monsanto employees, Detlef Bartsch of the German authority for consumer protection (BVL) is also listed as a reviewer.
• 2006, Monsanto published a video (podcast) on their website with Klaus Ammann as biotechnology expert.
• Ammann, together with C.S. Prakash, played an important role in the attacks on David Quist and Ignacio Chapela after their scientific publication of GM maize contamination in Mexico.

Teaching

• Lectures in Biosafety and Corporate Ethics at Delft University of Technology 2006-2007
• Lectures in Plant Systematics and Evolution, Biogeography University of Bern
• Lectures on Air Pollution Biomonitoring at the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, soon to be established
• Numerous lectures in national and international conferences on biodiversity and biotechnology
• UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization): Member of Teaching faculty, Global Initiative on Education in Biotechnology

Appeals and petitions

Among other appeals and petitions, Amman signed:

• the Center for Global Food Issues' "Declaration in support of protecting nature with high yielding farming and forestry"
• the position paper of the International Workshops on Green Biotechnology of the Akademienunion (2006)
• the "Petition in support of Indian farmers' right to grow biotech crops and scientific field testing". This petition is sponsored by C.S. Prakash and AgBioWorld Foundation.
• the Joint Statement in Support of Scientific Discourse in Mexican GM Maize Scandal (2002),
• the ABIC 2004 Manifesto (2004)
• In 2000, Ammann signed an Open Letter to the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development in which the signatories protest against a "needless over-regulation" of GMOs because of the "very real threat that an over-strict adherence to precautionary regulation could pose to both the environment and the well being of human populations around the world."

Quotes

• "Biotechnology will help to lower the negative impact of agriculture on biodiversity – that’s for sure." – Statement on the Monsanto website
• “Genetic engineering will enable us in future to take another step away from the current monocultures, in which very many pesticides and herbicides in a complicated system have to be applied.” (Translated from the German: "Die Gentechnologie ermöglicht es in Zukunft auch, noch einen weiteren Schritt weg von der bisherigen Monokultur zu gehen, bei der sehr viele Pestizide und Herbizide in einem komplizierten Spritzkalender verabreicht werden müssen.") - Klaus Ammann, 1997, Information Soyabean website (supported by Monsanto, the BLL and the Association of German Oil Mills

CVs

• http://www.efbweb.org/who/ammann.htm
• http://binas.unido.org/wiki/index.php/Klaus_Ammann
• http://www.bibalex.org/egyptbiotech2002/Biography.htm
• http://www.academia-engelberg.ch/klaus_ammann_en.php5