Difference between revisions of "Eliza Manningham-Buller"
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| − | [[Image:ElizaManninghamBuller.jpg|thumb|right|Eliza | + | [[Image:ElizaManninghamBuller.jpg|thumb|right|Eliza Manningham-Buller<br><i>© Crown Copyright 2007</i>]] |
| − | Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller | + | Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller was Director General of the [[Security Service]] from 2002 to 2007.<ref>[http://www.mi5.gov.uk/output/former-dgs.html#emb Former Directors General], MI5, accessed 19 July 2009.</ref> |
| − | She | + | ==Background== |
| + | Manningham-Buller is the daughter of Sir [[Reginald Manningham-Buller]], later Viscount Dilhorne, who served as [[Attorney General]] and [[Lord Chancellor]] under [[Harold Macmillan]].<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Manningham-Buller was educated at [[Benenden School]] and [[Lady Margaret Hall]], where she read English. She spent three years as an English teacher at theprivate [[Queen's Gate School]] in South Kensington, London.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==MI5 career== | ||
| + | Manningham-Buller was recruited into MI5 at cocktail party in Chelsea in 1974, a time when women were still marginalised in the service and confined to transcribing telephone intercepts.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> | ||
===Soviet section=== | ===Soviet section=== | ||
| + | In the early 1980s, Manningham-Buller worked in counter-espionage, monitoring the Soviet spy network in Britain.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> | ||
| − | ::During the early 1980s, only five people knew that | + | She was a key player in running the Soviet double-agent [[Oleg Gordievsky]]: |
| + | ::During the early 1980s, only five people knew that Oleg Gordievsky, the deputy head of the [[KGB]] at the Soviet embassy in London, was actually a double agent. One of this exclusive group was MI5's senior officer dealing with Soviet affairs, Eliza Manningham-Buller. | ||
::As Gordievsky recently acknowledged, Manningham-Buller's ability to keep a secret saved his life. | ::As Gordievsky recently acknowledged, Manningham-Buller's ability to keep a secret saved his life. | ||
| Line 13: | Line 21: | ||
===Middle East section=== | ===Middle East section=== | ||
| − | In 1988, she became head of MI5's Middle East section | + | In 1988, she became head of MI5's Middle East section, in which role she was involved in the Lockerbie investigation.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | ==US liason== | ||
| + | Manningham-Buller was next posed to Washington DC as liason officer, exchanging intelligence with the [[FBI]] and the [[CIA]]. While there she met her husband, university lecturer [[David Mallock]].<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
===IRA in Britain=== | ===IRA in Britain=== | ||
| − | Between 1992 and 1993 | + | Between 1992 and 1993 Manningham-Buller headed [[T2 Section]] which had taken over responsibility for countering IRA operations in Great Britain from the [[Metropolitan Police Special Branch]].<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.</ref> |
===Operations Director=== | ===Operations Director=== | ||
| − | Manningham-Buller | + | Manningham-Buller became Operations Director in 1994.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.</ref> In this post, she had responsibility for mail interception, telephone tapping and covert searches.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.285.</ref> |
| − | When [[Stella Rimington]] announced her retirement as head of MI5 in 1995, Manningham Buller formed an alliance with [[Stephen Lander]]. The pair blocked the succession of Rimington's deputy [[Julian Hansen]] by threatening to resign. The [[Cabinet Office]] was told only that Hansen had withdrawn his application. <ref>Defending the Realm: MI5 and | + | When [[Stella Rimington]] announced her retirement as head of MI5 in 1995, Manningham Buller formed an alliance with [[Stephen Lander]]. The pair blocked the succession of Rimington's deputy [[Julian Hansen]] by threatening to resign. The [[Cabinet Office]] was told only that Hansen had withdrawn his application. <ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, pp.284-285.</ref> |
===Deputy Director-General=== | ===Deputy Director-General=== | ||
| + | A year after Lander became director-general, Manningham-Buller succeeded Hansen as his deputy. <ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.285.</ref> | ||
| − | + | In the 1999 edition of ''Defending The Realm'', Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding suggested she was not well-liked within MI5: | |
| − | ::Nicknamed 'Bullying Manner', the fifty-one-year-old deputy director-general is regarded as a formidable administrator who does not suffer fools gladly. She is unpopular with staff, and lacks Rimington's foresight and insight.<ref>Hollingsworth | + | ::Nicknamed 'Bullying Manner', the fifty-one-year-old deputy director-general is regarded as a formidable administrator who does not suffer fools gladly. She is unpopular with staff, and lacks Rimington's foresight and insight.<ref> Defending the Realm: MI5 and the Shayler Affair, by Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Andre Deutsch, 1999, p.238.</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | However, a later edition cited supporters who "say she is determined, unpretentious and hates the paper-shuffling management culture of MI5."ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.</ref> | ||
===Director General=== | ===Director General=== | ||
| + | Prior to becoming Director General, Manningham-Buller underwent a three hour psychological examination during which she reportedly lost her temper with the examiner.<ref>James Biltz and Jimmy Burns, [http://www.jimmy-burns.com/pages/journalism_01/journalism_01_item.asp?journalism_01ID=81 A resolute spy who prefers to stay out in the cold], Financial Times, 11 January 2003, accessed via jimmy-burns-com, 19 July 2009.</ref> | ||
| + | |||
According to Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Manningham-Buller gave a background briefing to a prominent Sunday newspaper, soon after her appointment.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.15.</ref> | According to Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Manningham-Buller gave a background briefing to a prominent Sunday newspaper, soon after her appointment.<ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.15.</ref> | ||
| + | It was reported in January 2003 that Manningham-Buller had told ministers "that she cannot be sure that she knows the identities of more than 50 per cent of the people in the UK who might carry out a terrorist attack" linked to [[Al-Qaeda]].<ref>James Biltz and Jimmy Burns, [http://www.jimmy-burns.com/pages/journalism_01/journalism_01_item.asp?journalism_01ID=81 A resolute spy who prefers to stay out in the cold], Financial Times, 11 January 2003, accessed via jimmy-burns-com, 19 July 2009.</ref> | ||
===July 7 2007 bombings=== | ===July 7 2007 bombings=== | ||
Revision as of 23:39, 18 July 2009
Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller was Director General of the Security Service from 2002 to 2007.[1]
Contents
Background
Manningham-Buller is the daughter of Sir Reginald Manningham-Buller, later Viscount Dilhorne, who served as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor under Harold Macmillan.[2]
Manningham-Buller was educated at Benenden School and Lady Margaret Hall, where she read English. She spent three years as an English teacher at theprivate Queen's Gate School in South Kensington, London.[3]
MI5 career
Manningham-Buller was recruited into MI5 at cocktail party in Chelsea in 1974, a time when women were still marginalised in the service and confined to transcribing telephone intercepts.[4]
Soviet section
In the early 1980s, Manningham-Buller worked in counter-espionage, monitoring the Soviet spy network in Britain.[5]
She was a key player in running the Soviet double-agent Oleg Gordievsky:
- During the early 1980s, only five people knew that Oleg Gordievsky, the deputy head of the KGB at the Soviet embassy in London, was actually a double agent. One of this exclusive group was MI5's senior officer dealing with Soviet affairs, Eliza Manningham-Buller.
- As Gordievsky recently acknowledged, Manningham-Buller's ability to keep a secret saved his life.
- Despite the fact that two of her assistants shared an office with Michael Bettany, a traitor working for the KGB, Gordievsky's crucial role was never mentioned. [6]
Middle East section
In 1988, she became head of MI5's Middle East section, in which role she was involved in the Lockerbie investigation.[7]
US liason
Manningham-Buller was next posed to Washington DC as liason officer, exchanging intelligence with the FBI and the CIA. While there she met her husband, university lecturer David Mallock.[8]
IRA in Britain
Between 1992 and 1993 Manningham-Buller headed T2 Section which had taken over responsibility for countering IRA operations in Great Britain from the Metropolitan Police Special Branch.[9]
Operations Director
Manningham-Buller became Operations Director in 1994.[10] In this post, she had responsibility for mail interception, telephone tapping and covert searches.[11]
When Stella Rimington announced her retirement as head of MI5 in 1995, Manningham Buller formed an alliance with Stephen Lander. The pair blocked the succession of Rimington's deputy Julian Hansen by threatening to resign. The Cabinet Office was told only that Hansen had withdrawn his application. [12]
Deputy Director-General
A year after Lander became director-general, Manningham-Buller succeeded Hansen as his deputy. [13]
In the 1999 edition of Defending The Realm, Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding suggested she was not well-liked within MI5:
- Nicknamed 'Bullying Manner', the fifty-one-year-old deputy director-general is regarded as a formidable administrator who does not suffer fools gladly. She is unpopular with staff, and lacks Rimington's foresight and insight.[14]
However, a later edition cited supporters who "say she is determined, unpretentious and hates the paper-shuffling management culture of MI5."ref>Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.</ref>
Director General
Prior to becoming Director General, Manningham-Buller underwent a three hour psychological examination during which she reportedly lost her temper with the examiner.[15]
According to Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Manningham-Buller gave a background briefing to a prominent Sunday newspaper, soon after her appointment.[16]
It was reported in January 2003 that Manningham-Buller had told ministers "that she cannot be sure that she knows the identities of more than 50 per cent of the people in the UK who might carry out a terrorist attack" linked to Al-Qaeda.[17]
July 7 2007 bombings
According to The Guardian Manningham-Buller "told senior MPs there was no imminent terrorist threat to London or the rest of the country less than 24 hours before the July 7 suicide bombings."
- Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller gave the assurance at a private meeting of Labour whips at the Commons on the morning of July 6 2005, the Guardian has learned from a number of those present.
- The whips are said to have been confident, on leaving the meeting, that they could brief fellow MPs that the security situation was under control, and are said to have been deeply alarmed by the following day's events.[18]
Notes
- ↑ Former Directors General, MI5, accessed 19 July 2009.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Eliza Manningham-Buller: Life in the shadows, by Andrew Walker, BBC News, 7 October 2002.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.289.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.290.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.285.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, pp.284-285.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.285.
- ↑ Defending the Realm: MI5 and the Shayler Affair, by Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Andre Deutsch, 1999, p.238.
- ↑ James Biltz and Jimmy Burns, A resolute spy who prefers to stay out in the cold, Financial Times, 11 January 2003, accessed via jimmy-burns-com, 19 July 2009.
- ↑ Mark Hollingsworth and Nick Fielding, Defending the Realm: Inside MI5 and The War On Terrorism, Andre Deutsch, 2003, p.15.
- ↑ James Biltz and Jimmy Burns, A resolute spy who prefers to stay out in the cold, Financial Times, 11 January 2003, accessed via jimmy-burns-com, 19 July 2009.
- ↑ MI5 told MPs on eve of 7/7: no imminent terror threat, by Ian Cobain, David Hencke, and Richard Norton-Taylor.
